Methods for sealing a wellbore include placing a barrier material within an annular space between a wellbore tubing and a wellbore casing, wherein a seal is placed across or below openings in the wellbore tubing at at least one location above a lowermost tubing to annulus opening. In some embodiments, an intervention tubing may be used to insert the barrier material into successively exposed ones of the annulus openings, whereby no seal sleeve is needed.
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1. A method for sealing a wellbore, comprising:
closing to fluid flow from within a wellbore tubing a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart openings in the wellbore tubing, the wellbore tubing disposed within a wellbore casing or within a wellbore liner, the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart openings in fluid communication with an annular space between the wellbore tubing and the wellbore casing or wellbore liner, the closing performed on all the plurality of openings above a lowermost one of the plurality of openings wherein the closing to fluid flow comprises;
inserting an intervention tubing into the wellbore tubing, the wellbore tubing comprising a sealing plug in its interior proximate a bottom end of the wellbore tubing,
sealing a longitudinal end of the intervention tubing disposed in the wellbore tubing,
actuating a seal to hydraulically close an annular space between the intervention tubing and the wellbore tubing at a position above the lowermost one of the plurality of openings and
placing the barrier material into the intervention tubing and displacing the barrier material through the lowermost opening and into the annular space between the wellbore tubing and the wellbore casing or wellbore liner,
placing a barrier material in the wellbore tubing and displacing the barrier material through the lowermost opening into the annular space to a level below a first one of the plurality of openings above the lowermost opening;
exposing to fluid flow the first opening above the lowermost opening, the exposing comprising maintaining closure of all of the plurality of openings above the first exposed opening; and
placing a barrier material in the wellbore tubing and displacing the barrier material through the first exposed opening into the annular space.
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lifting the intervention tubing to a position in the wellbore tubing such that the seal is disposed above the first exposed opening;
repeating sealing the longitudinal end of the intervention tubing disposed in the wellbore tubing; and
repeating placing a barrier material into the intervention tubing and displacing the barrier material through the first one of the plurality of openings and into the annular space between the wellbore tubing and the wellbore casing or wellbore liner.
13. The method of
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Priority is claimed from U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/221,643 filed on Sep. 22, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Not Applicable.
Not Applicable.
This disclosure relates to subterranean oil and gas wells. More specifically, the disclosure relates to plugging and abandonment of such wells.
Plugging and abandonment of oil and gas production related wellbores can be quite expensive, particularly for subsea wells. Typically, a drilling rig or other type of rig needs to be mobilized and used to place required barriers in the wellbore, as well as to pull tubulars such as velocity tubing strings from the wellbore so that the barriers can be placed and tested.
If production or injection tubing can be permanently left in a wellbore, the time consuming and expensive operation of pulling the tubing out of the wellbore can be avoided. However, the external volume between the tubing and the casing as well as the internal volume of the tubing must be sealed off with a barrier capable of maintaining permanent safety of the wellbore against any possible fluid leakages.
Technologies exist to penetrate a production or injection tubing, where the penetration can be performed by an explosive charge, by a mechanical punch, by a drilling tool and the like. International Application Publication No. WO 2015/175025 entitled, “Multifunction wellbore tubular penetration tool”, describes a tool that can penetrate tubing, remove “window” sections in a tubing as well as cut and remove so called micro tubes (cables, control lines, and similar) that are mounted externally on the tubing string. These openings may be performed at a plurality of different depths in the wellbore. The micro tube removal is performed to eliminate a possible leak path such micro tubes may create, so that a barrier material can be placed between the tubing and casing with minimum risk of leakages.
A method for sealing a wellbore according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes closing to fluid flow from within a wellbore tubing a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart openings in the wellbore tubing. The wellbore tubing is disposed within a wellbore casing or within a wellbore liner. The plurality of longitudinally spaced apart openings enable fluid communication with an annular space between the wellbore tubing and the wellbore casing or wellbore liner. The closing is performed on all the plurality of openings above a lowermost one of the plurality of openings. A barrier material is placed in the wellbore tubing and is displaced through the lowermost opening into the annular space to a level below a first one of the plurality of openings above the lowermost opening. The first one of the plurality of openings above the lowermost opening is exposed to fluid flow. The exposing includes maintaining closure of all of the plurality of openings above the first exposed opening. A barrier material is placed in the wellbore tubing and is displaced through the first exposed opening into the annular space.
One example embodiment includes placing a sealing sleeve in a wellbore tubing disposed within a wellbore casing or within a wellbore liner. The wellbore tubing has a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart openings in fluid communication with an annular space between the wellbore tubing and the wellbore casing or wellbore liner. The sealing sleeve covers the openings above a lowermost one of the plurality of openings. A barrier material is placed in the wellbore tubing and is displaced through the lowermost opening into the annular space to a level below one of the plurality of openings above the lowermost opening.
A barrier material is placed in the wellbore tubing and is displaced through the first exposed opening into the annular space.
Another example embodiment includes inserting an intervention tubing into a wellbore tubing disposed within a wellbore casing or within a wellbore liner. The wellbore tubing has a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart openings in fluid communication with an annular space between the wellbore tubing and the wellbore casing or wellbore liner. The wellbore tubing has a sealing plug in its interior proximate the wellbore tubing bottom end. A longitudinal end of the intervention tubing disposed in the wellbore tubing is sealed. A seal is actuated to hydraulically close an annular space between the intervention tubing and the wellbore tubing at a position above a lowermost one of the plurality of openings. A barrier material is placed into the intervention tubing and is displaced through the lowermost opening and into the annular space between the wellbore tubing and the wellbore casing or wellbore liner.
In some embodiments, a volume of the barrier material is selected such that a level of the barrier material completely displaced into the annular space between the wellbore tubing and the wellbore casing or wellbore liner is below a first one of the plurality of openings above the lowermost opening.
The present disclosure includes two example methods whereby a tubing string can be permanently sealed within a casing string, where one or several tubing-to-casing annulus (annular space between the tubing and a well casing—“annulus”) openings have been made. The present disclosure also explains how a pressure response can be obtained at surface that may be used to verify barrier material displacement into the annulus.
It should be understood that the methods herein described are may be used in connection with various barrier (plugging) materials, for example and without limitation, cement, resins, epoxy, combinations of the foregoing as well as other fluid based plugging materials.
The present disclosure sets forth that one or a combination of several plugging or “barrier” materials can be pumped through a tubing that is to be sealed off from a wellhead, or via a jointed or spooled intervention tubing deployed into a tubing string already deployed in the wellbore. The present disclosure also sets forth how barrier material may be placed in stages until a required barrier length has been obtained if an intervention tubing is utilized, as well as how a full length barrier can be placed if barrier material is pumped in through the existing wellbore tubing to be sealed in the wellbore.
In various embodiments of a well sealing method according to the present disclosure, the barrier material is introduced into the wellbore tubing from a longitudinal position above the portion of the wellbore tubing and wellbore casing or liner to be sealed.
After the sealing device 28 is activated, a barrier material 30, e.g., cement may be pumped into the intervention tubing 20. A second dart (see
In the above described embodiments, the openings 12A, 12AA in the wellbore tubing 12 may be made using an apparatus and method described in International Patent Application Publication No. WO 2015/175025. A possible advantage of using such apparatus and method is that it may be possible to reduce the risk of penetrating the casing or liner as would be the case if other penetration techniques such as explosive shaped charge perforation were used.
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Gudmestad, Tarald, Hansen, Henning
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