Systems, devices, and methods for providing a magnetic coil assembly wired in series or parallel at low or high voltage provided from a direct current source or an alternating current source that can produce a concentrated magnetic energy at the central core of the magnetic coil to energize a tubular reactor passing through the coil assembly core. The magnetic energy can be transferred outside of the coil assembly core by a magnetic transfer probe to energize a magnetic chemical reactor vessel.
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1. A magnetic chemical reactor comprising a magnetic coil assembly having a central core;
an elongated tubular reactor vessel with at least one inlet port for reactants and reagents to flow into the reactor vessel, at least one outlet port from which reaction products and by-products are collected and separated, and an interior wall surface wherein the elongated tubular reactor vessel is disposed within the central core of the magnetic coil assembly; and
an energizing element connected to the magnetic coil assembly to provide a concentrated magnetic energy to the elongated tubular reactor vessel within the central core.
9. A magnetic chemical reactor comprising a magnetic coil assembly having a central core;
a magnetic transfer probe disposed within the central core to transfer a magnetic energy outside the magnetic coil assembly;
an energizing element connected to the magnetic coil assembly to produce a concentrated magnetic energy to the magnetic transfer probe within the central core; and
a reactor vessel located outside the central core of the magnetic coil assembly with at least one inlet port for reactants and reagents to flow into the reactor vessel, at least one outlet port from which reaction products and by-products are collected and separated, and an interior wall surface wherein a plurality of reactants and reagents is energized by the magnetic energy transferred by a magnetic transfer probe.
2. The magnetic chemical reactor of
3. The magnetic chemical reactor of
4. The magnetic chemical reactor of
5. The magnetic chemical reactor of
aluminum, copper, glass, plastic, ceramic, or ceramic composite.
6. The magnetic chemical reactor of
7. The magnetic chemical reactor of
8. The magnetic chemical reactor of
10. The magnetic chemical reactor of
11. The magnetic chemical reactor of
12. The magnetic chemical reactor of
13. The magnetic chemical reactor of
14. The magnetic chemical reactor of
15. The magnetic chemical reactor of
16. The magnetic chemical reactor of
17. The magnetic chemical reactor of
18. The magnetic chemical reactor of
19. The magnetic chemical reactor of
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This application is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/330,900 filed Nov. 15, 2016, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by specific reference thereto.
This invention relates to chemical reactors, and in particular to systems, devices, and methods for providing a magnetic coil assembly wired in series or parallel at low or high voltage that can produce a concentrated magnetic energy in a core section of the magnetic coil to energize a tubular reactor passing through the coil assembly core, and in another embodiment, the magnetic energy can be transferred outside of the coil assembly core by a magnetic transfer probe to energize a magnetic chemical reactor.
U.S. Pat. No. 9,463,430 to Luo et al., entitled, Magnetically Inductive Slurry Bubble Column Reactor, utilizes magnetic force to maintain the catalyst stable because the flow of reactants will carry it up in the column of the reactor. Therefore, the magnetic force pushes down on the catalyst particles to stabilize the catalyst in the areas needed, the system has different values of magnetic force from 200 amp per meter to 2000 amp per meter for stabilization. At the top of the reactor a magnetic screen pushes down on the catalyst to prevent the loss of catalyst with the product effluent. This section works from 2000 amp per meter to 7000 amp per meter.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,396,515 to Arndt et al., Reactor for the Treatment of a Sample Medium uses a magnetic energy to agitate a sample to be analyzed in a micro reactor. The change in direction of the magnetic field in the reactor makes the catalyst move back and forth creating agitation. The generator as described is in essence an alternating current generator.
Thus, the need exists for a magnetic field chemical reactor with variable velocity for input of processing aids and reactants and a minimal, stable and effective amount of catalyst in contact with reactants to solve problems with the prior art reactors.
A primary objective of the present invention is to provide systems, devices, and methods for providing an efficient, effective magnetic chemical reactor wherein a magnetic coil assembly provides a source of power for the chemical reactor.
A secondary objective of the present invention is to provide systems, devices, and methods for providing a magnetic chemical reactor that works efficiently at lower temperatures, below approximately 200° C., in combination with a magnetic flux.
A third objective of the present invention is to provide systems, devices, and methods for providing a magnetic chemical reactor that is utilized in any chemical reaction system for synthesis or processing of organic, inorganic or biochemical reactions.
A fourth objective of the present invention is to provide systems, devices, and methods for providing a magnetic chemical reactor to treat sewage and waste water.
Further objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the presently preferred embodiments which are illustrated schematically in the accompanying drawings.
The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord with the present concepts, by way of example only, not by way of limitations. In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements.
Before explaining the disclosed embodiments of the present invention in detail it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its applications to the details of the particular arrangements shown since the invention is capable of other embodiments. Also, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.
In the Summary above and in the Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments and in the accompanying drawings, reference is made to particular features (including method steps) of the invention. It is to be understood that the disclosure of the invention in this specification does not include all possible combinations of such particular features. For example, where a particular feature is disclosed in the context of a particular aspect or embodiment of the invention, that feature can also be used, to the extent possible, in combination with and/or in the context of other particular aspects and embodiments of the invention, and in the invention generally.
In this section, some embodiments of the invention will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout, and prime notation is used to indicate similar elements in alternative embodiments.
Not to be bound by any theory, the present invention illustrates some basic facts about magnetic energy. First, magnetic energy promotes and accelerates chemical reactions. Secondly, a magnetic coil concentrates magnetic energy in the central core of the coil. Third, a tubular vessel as used herein is an efficient reactor with a probe inside whether or not under magnetic energy. In addition, more than one magnetic coil assembly may be required to energize a reactor vessel, either for capacity or retention time or both.
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are described below to explain the invention by referring to the figures containing numerical identifiers and components listed below.
Numerical Identifier Component/Description
1 Expanded magnetic coil to demonstrate magnetic flux generation (Prior Art).
2 Magnetic reactor vessel for pilot plant test assembly.
3 Mixing chamber for pilot plant test assembly, (mixing tee)
4 Separator vessel for pilot plant test assembly.
4a Separator vessel for magnetic chemical reactor in
5 Water inlet to mixing chamber for pilot plant test assembly.
5a Water inlet to mixing chamber for magnetic chemical reactor in
6 Gas inlet to mixing chamber for pilot plant test assembly.
6a Gas inlet to mixing chamber for magnetic chemical reactor in
7 Steam inlet to mixing chamber for pilot plant test assembly.
7a Steam inlet to mixing chamber for magnetic chemical reactor in
8 Water phase product from separator vessel in pilot plant test assembly.
8a Water phase product from separator vessel in magnetic chemical reactor of
9 Oil phase product from separator vessel in pilot plant test assembly
9a Oil phase product from separator vessel in magnetic chemical reactor of
10 Gas phase product from separator vessel in pilot plant test assembly
10a Gas phase product from separator vessel in magnetic chemical reactor of
11 Magnetic chemical reactor with magnetic probe positioned in core section of magnetic coil assembly
12 Magnetic coil assembly surrounding the magnetic probe disposed in the coil assembly core
13 Non-magnetic casing enclosing the magnetic coil assembly
14 Elongated tubular reactor vessel in the magnetic chemical reactor (such as steel, copper, aluminum, ceramic, preferably steel or copper)
15 Magnetic probe disposed in core of magnetic coil assembly
16 Magnetic transfer probe-solid magnetic bar
16 A Cross-sectional view of a solid magnetic transfer probe.
17a Magnetic transfer probe prong that extends to right side of a magnetic core assembly
17b Magnetic transfer probe prong that extends to left side of a magnetic core assembly
18 Magnetic reactor vessel outside of magnetic coil assembly surrounding the magnetic probe disposed in the coil assembly core
19 Coolant inlet for magnetic chemical reactor
20 Coolant outlet for magnetic chemical reactor
21 Magnetic coil assembly strip to align the coils
22 Magnetic coil wire with insulation
23 Electric current flow in direction of arrows
24 Magnetic flux inside magnetic coil
25 Temperature gauge
26 Magnetic coil assembly temperature gauge
27 Pressure gauge
28 Throttle control valve
29 Sample valve
30 Recycle water
31 Recycle pump
32 Oil receiving vessel
33 Oil transfer pump
34 Make up water
35 Dry air conditioning package
36 Air dryer
37 Make up air
38 Flow indicator
39 Back pressure valve
40 Water product outlet to storage
80 Magnetic chemical reactor shown in
The following terms used in the Detailed Description are defined below.
The term “package” is used herein to include all the component parts and known elements in an air conditioning device or unit; thus, the dry air conditioning package reference includes a compressor, on/off switching mechanisms, tubing, and the like.
The phrase “magnetic probe” is used to refer to a metal with magnetic properties that can be coated with a thin-film catalyst and used inside a chemical reactor to increase the magnetic energy going into the reaction and increase catalytic contact with reactants. A magnetic probe can be a solid piece, multiple pieces or lamellas design.
The phrase “magnetic transfer probe” is used to refer to a solid piece of metal with magnetic properties that is used to transfer magnetic energy from a central core of an energized magnetic coil assembly to a chemical reactor that is outside of the coil assembly core. A catalyst is not coated on the transfer probe.
Reference is now made to the Figures that are illustrative of the magnetic chemical reactor disclosed herein. In
In
From the mixing chamber 3, reactants and reagents flow into the reactor vessel 2 and after processing, the products and by-products flow into the separator vessel 4 where reaction products and by-products are collected and separated. The separator vessel 4 has a partitioned wall inside to divide into two sections. The partition is open at the bottom so water will flow to one side at the bottom. Normally the water level is maintained high. On the other side of the partition, the oil is removed flowing over a weir at the top. The gas is collected from the top. The water-based by-product discharged at output port 8 must be analyzed for valuable product that warrants recovery, what is left must be evaluated for disposal. The oil based by-product is discharged at output port 9 and must be analyzed for sale, usually to oil refineries. The gaseous by-products are discharged at output port 10 and evaluated for product that may be cost effective to recover, if contaminated, must be incinerated in a stack burner. Solid material is discharged below the water level.
A pilot plant as outlined here may take many runs with different catalysts, at different temperatures and pressures and different rate of reactants. In addition, the product stream may require further treatment.
With regard to
In catalyzed reactions, a thin-film catalyst is applied to the interior wall surface of the magnetic reactor vessel 2 (in
A thin-film catalyst is selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, gold, chromium, platinum or aluminum and alloys thereof. The advantages of the thin-film catalyst coating include, but are not limited to, allowing the magnetic chemical reactor to be effective at low velocity to high velocity flow rates of reactants, thus simplifying controls; allowing for minimal use of the catalyst because it is a thin film on the magnetic parts in contact with reactants; allowing the magnetic chemical reactor to work efficiently at lower temperatures, below 200° C. The present invention is not to be limited by the catalysts named herein, there are other commercially available catalysts that are suitable for the invention.
Thin-film catalysts used in the present invention are applied to the interior walls of the chemical reactor vessel and to the exterior surface of the magnetic probe 15.
The magnetic flux that ionizes water and other reactants are influenced by the magnetic flux which affects chemical bonds, thus when in contact with the catalyst will cause the reaction, in addition the catalyst is also affected by the magnetic flux.
In
The magnetic coil assembly casing 13 is made of nonmagnetic materials selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, plastic, glass, ceramic or ceramic composites. The elongated tubular reactor vessel 14 is fabricated from magnetic materials, including, but not limited to, stainless steel, steel, or iron; or nonmagnetic materials, including, but not limited to, aluminum, copper, glass, plastic, ceramic or ceramic composites. The preferred materials for construction of the reactor vessel 14 are steel and copper.
In a second embodiment, the magnetic chemical reactor 18 in
In
As an upgrade to the system shown on
First, a magnetic coil assembly 80 is fabricated from ten-gage copper wire, enamel coated, 60 AMP capacity, and temperature rating 185° F. (85° C.). With five coils in parallel, the magnetic coil assembly has 300 AMP capacity.
Second, a cooling assembly includes a closed circuit dry air conditioning package 35 that receives pressurized air 37 that passes through a drying unit 36 before it flows into the dry air conditioning package 35 feeding dry air to the magnetic coil assembly 80 and returns air from the magnetic coil assembly 80 to the dry air conditioning package 35.
Third, centrifugal pumps 31, 33 are provided to control flow rates from the separator unit 4a of recycled water and oil products, respectively.
Fourth, throttle valves for controlling flow 28, flow indicators 38 for water inlet 5a, and gas inlet 6a are used in
In addition to the components and functions described above, the upgraded system in
A process for using the magnetic chemical reactor in
Recycle pump 31 pumps recycled water 30 through pipes and valves through flow indicator 38. Thus, a feed of recycled water 30, water from water inlet 5a, gas from gas inlet 6a and other reactants enter the mixing tee and as the mixture of gas, water and other reactants travels to the magnetic coil reactor 80, the temperature of the mixtures is measured by a temperature gauge 25 and the pressure of the mixture is measured by a pressure gauge 27. During the reaction inside the vessel, temperatures are controlled by the cooling assembly of the closed circuit dry air conditioning package 35 and measurements of temperature of the magnetic coil assembly 80 are taken by a magnetic coil assembly temperature gauge 26.
After reactants and reagents have been processed in the magnetic reactor vessel 80, by-products and products flow out of the reactor vessel 80, a sample valve 29, positioned just below the back pressure valve 39, is used to analyze the reaction products and by-products. The effluent of products and by-products flows into the separator vessel 4a where reaction products and by-products are collected and separated.
The separator vessel 4a has a partitioned wall inside to divide into two sections. The partition is open at the bottom so water will flow to one side at the bottom. Normally the water level is maintained high. On the other side of the partition, the oil is removed flowing over a weir at the top. The gas is collected from the top. The water-based by-product discharged at output port 8a must be analyzed for valuable product that warrants recovery, what is left must be evaluated for disposal. The oil based by-product is discharged at output port 9a and must be analyzed for sale, usually to oil refineries. The gaseous by-products are discharged at output port 10a and evaluated for product that may be cost effective to recover, if contaminated, must be incinerated in a stack burner. Solid material is discharged together with the liquids.
Ancillary features of the separator vessel 4a include an oil receiving vessel 32 and an oil transfer pump 33 for handling oil products and by-products. Meanwhile, water-based products and by-products are fed to a make-up water outlet 34 and a water product outlet 40 for water-based products that are sent to storage.
Fifth, the magnetic chemical reactor 80 will have a capacity of producing over 7 times the capacity of pilot plant testing assembly shown in
Sixth, electricity is from a direct current (DC) generator (not shown) and an alternating current (AC) supply is also available. AC is required if the reactants contain magnetic components. Under DC operation the magnetic components of the reactants are attracted to the magnetic surfaces of the reactor. And therefore, the particle will be stuck to the magnetic surfaces; and remain there, creating a build-up that eventually will affect the operation. AC is not a continuous source of energy; it is an oscillation of the magnetic flux. Therefore less efficient but will allow the gas and liquid flow to fluidize the particles when the magnetic flux reaches close to zero. The oscillation is caused by the changing of the north and south polarity every second.
Gauges, valves and pumps used in the fabrication of the magnetic chemical reactor disclosed herein are available commercially.
The present invention provides a novel magnetic chemical reactor that works efficiently at lower temperatures, below approximately 200° C., in combination with the energy of a magnetic flux concentrated in the core of a magnetic coil assembly or the energy transferred from the core of a magnetic coil assembly.
The term “approximately” can be +1-10% of the amount referenced. Additionally, preferred amounts and ranges can include the amounts and ranges referenced without the prefix of being approximately.
Although specific advantages have been enumerated above, various embodiments may include some, none, or all of the enumerated advantages.
Other technical advantages may become readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art after review of the following figures and description.
It should be understood at the outset that, although exemplary embodiments are illustrated in the figures and described below, the principles of the present disclosure may be implemented using any number of techniques, whether currently known or not. The present disclosure should in no way be limited to the exemplary implementations and techniques illustrated in the drawings and described below.
Unless otherwise specifically noted, articles depicted in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the systems, apparatuses, and methods described herein without departing from the scope of the disclosure. For example, the components of the systems and apparatuses may be integrated or separated. Moreover, the operations of the systems and apparatuses disclosed herein may be performed by more, fewer, or other components and the methods described may include more, fewer, or other steps. Additionally, steps may be performed in any suitable order. As used in this document, “each” refers to each member of a set or each member of a subset of a set.
To aid the Patent Office and any readers of any patent issued on this application in interpreting the claims appended hereto, applicants wish to note that they do not intend any of the appended claims or claim elements to invoke 35 U.S.C. 112(f) unless the words “means for” or “step for” are explicitly used in the particular claim.
While the invention has been described, disclosed, illustrated and shown in various terms of certain embodiments or modifications which it has presumed in practice, the scope of the invention is not intended to be, nor should it be deemed to be, limited thereby and such other modifications or embodiments as may be suggested by the teachings herein are particularly reserved especially as they fall within the breadth and scope of the claims here appended.
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