An organic light emitting display device includes an overcoating layer on a substrate; a first electrode on the overcoating layer; a bank layer on the overcoating layer and the first electrode, the bank layer including an opening through which the first electrode is exposed; a pattern layer having an island shape on the exposed portion of the first electrode; an organic emission layer on the first electrode and the pattern layer; and a second electrode on the organic emission layer.
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1. An organic light emitting display device, comprising:
a color filter disposed on a substrate;
an overcoating layer disposed on the color filter and including an opening to expose a portion of the color filter;
a first electrode disposed on the overcoating layer and the portion of the color filter; and
a pattern layer disposed on a portion of the first electrode to overlap the opening of the overcoating layer,
wherein the first electrode is contacted with the portion of the color filter through the opening of the overcoating layer.
11. An organic light emitting display device, comprising:
a plurality of pixels disposed on a substrate and including an emission area,
wherein each of the emission area of the plurality of pixels includes:
a color filter disposed on the substrate;
an overcoating layer disposed on the color filter and including an opening to expose a portion of the color filter;
a first electrode configured to contact with the overcoating layer and the portion of the color filter;
a pattern layer disposed on a portion of the first electrode to overlap the opening of the overcoating layer;
an organic emission layer disposed on the first electrode and the pattern layer; and
a second electrode disposed on the organic emission layer,
wherein the organic emission layer includes a non-effective emission area overlapping with the pattern layer in the emission area.
2. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein the opening of the overcoating layer is disposed between the plurality of concave portions and have a hexagonal shape in a plane view.
3. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein each of the plurality of concave portions of the first electrode is contacted with the portion of the color filter exposed through the opening of the overcoating layer.
4. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein a lower surface of the pattern layer has a curved surface shape, and an upper surface of the pattern layer has a flat surface shape.
5. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein the pattern layer includes a same material as the bank layer.
6. The organic light emitting display device according to
a bank layer disposed on the overcoating layer and the first electrode, the bank layer including an opening through which the first electrode is exposed; and
an emission area exposed by the opening of the bank layer,
wherein the emission area includes a non-effective emission area overlapping with the pattern layer.
7. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein the emission area includes:
an effective emission area having a convex surface shape; and
a non-effective emission area overlapping with the pattern layer,
wherein the first electrode includes a plurality of convex portions convexly disposed on the effective emission area and a plurality of concave portions concavely disposed on the non-effective emission area, and
wherein the pattern layer is filled in each of the plurality of concave portions of the first electrode in the non-effective emission area.
8. The organic light emitting display device according to
9. The organic light emitting display device according to
an emission area exposed by the opening of the bank layer;
an organic emission layer disposed on the first electrode, the pattern layer, and the bank layer; and
a second electrode disposed on the organic emission layer,
wherein the pattern layer includes a same material as the bank layer and has a low height than the bank pattern, and
wherein a surface morphology of the organic emission layer differs from a surface morphology of the first electrode.
10. The organic light emitting display device according to
a thin film transistor provided on the substrate;
a bank layer disposed on the overcoating layer and the first electrode, the bank layer including an opening through which the first electrode is exposed;
wherein the first electrode is electrically connected to the thin film transistor in a portion overlapping with the bank layer.
12. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein the opening of the overcoating layer is disposed between the plurality of concave portions in the emission area and have a hexagonal shape in a plane view.
13. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein each of the plurality of concave portions of the first electrode is contacted with the color filter exposed through the opening of the overcoating layer in the emission area.
14. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein an upper surface of the pattern layer in contact with the organic emission layer is planar.
15. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein the pattern layer includes a same material as the bank layer.
16. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein the emission area is exposed by the opening of the bank layer.
17. The organic light emitting display device according to
an effective emission area having a convex surface shape; and
a non-effective emission area overlapping with the pattern layer,
wherein the first electrode includes a plurality of convex portions convexly disposed on the effective emission area and a plurality of concave portions concavely disposed on the non-effective emission area, and
wherein the pattern layer is interposed between the concave portion of the first electrode and the organic emission layer in the non-effective emission area.
18. The organic light emitting display device according to
19. The organic light emitting display device according to
wherein the organic emission layer is disposed on the first electrode, the pattern layer, and the bank layer
wherein the pattern layer includes a same material as the bank layer and has a low height than the bank pattern, and
wherein a surface morphology of the organic emission layer differs from a surface morphology of the first electrode.
20. The organic light emitting display device according to
a thin film transistor provided on the substrate;
a bank layer disposed on the overcoating layer and the first electrode, the bank layer including an opening through which the first electrode is exposed;
wherein the first electrode is electrically connected to the thin film transistor in a portion overlapping with the bank layer.
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This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/968,594, filed May 1, 2018, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/271,450, filed Sep. 21, 2016, which claims priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0134419, filed on Sep. 23, 2015, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes as if fully set forth herein.
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an organic light emitting display device that displays an image.
Description of the Related Art
An organic light emitting display device, which has recently attracted a lot of attention as a display device, uses a self-emitting organic light emitting diode (OLED). Thus, the organic light emitting display device has advantages of a high response speed, increased contrast ratio, increased luminous efficiency, high brightness, and wide view angle.
Light emitted from an organic emission layer of the organic light emitting display device is output to the outside of the organic light emitting display device through various elements in the organic light emitting display device. However, a portion of the light emitted from the organic emission layer may not be output to the outside of the organic light emitting display device but may be confined in the organic light emitting display device, thereby causing problems with the light extraction efficiency of the organic light emitting display device. To improve the light extraction efficiency of the organic light emitting display device, a method of attaching a micro lens array (MLA) to an outer surface of a substrate of the organic light emitting display device has been used.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an organic light emitting display device that substantially obviates one or more of the problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
An object of the present invention is to provide an organic light emitting display device that can improve external luminous efficiency and reduce power consumption.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description that follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described, an organic light emitting display device comprises an overcoating layer on a substrate; a first electrode on the overcoating layer; a bank layer on the overcoating layer and the first electrode, the bank layer including an opening through which the first electrode is exposed; a pattern layer having an island shape on the exposed portion of the first electrode; an organic emission layer on the first electrode and the pattern layer; and a second electrode on the organic emission layer.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. When reference numerals refer to components of each drawing, although the same components are illustrated in different drawings, the same components are referred to by the same reference numerals as possible. Further, if it is considered that description of related known configuration or function may cloud the gist of the present invention, the description thereof will be omitted.
Further, in describing components of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) can be used. These terms are used only to differentiate the components from other components. Therefore, the nature, order, sequence, or number of the corresponding components is not limited by these terms. It is to be understood that when one element is referred to as being “connected to” or “coupled to” another element, it may be directly connected to or directly coupled to another element, connected to or coupled to another element, having still another element “intervening” therebetween, or “connected to” or “coupled to” another element via still another element.
As shown in
The thin-film transistor 120, which includes a gate electrode 121, an active layer 122, a source electrode 123, and a drain electrode 124, is on the substrate 110. Specifically, the gate electrode 121 is on the substrate 110, and a gate insulation layer 131 configured to insulate the gate electrode 121 and the active layer 122 is on the gate electrode 121 and the substrate 110. Further, the active layer 122 is disposed on the gate insulation layer 131, and an etch stopper 132 is on the active layer 122. Furthermore, the source electrode 123 and the drain electrode 124 are on the active layer 122 and the etch stopper 132. The source electrode 123 and the drain electrode 124 are electrically connected to the active layer 122 to be in contact with the active layer 122 and on a portion of the etch stopper 132. The etch stopper 132 may be omitted.
In
In
The overcoating layer 160 is on the color filter 150 and the passivation layer 133. The overcoating layer 160 includes a flat top surface. The organic light emitting diode 140 (which includes a first electrode 141, the organic emission layer 142, and a second electrode 143), a bank layer 136, and a pattern layer 137 are on the overcoating layer 160.
The bank layer 136 is on the overcoating layer 160 and the first electrode 141, and includes an opening 136a through which the first electrode 141 is exposed. The bank layer 136 is configured to distinguish adjacent pixel (or subpixel) areas, and may be between the adjacent pixel (or subpixel) areas.
The pattern layer 137 is on the first electrode 150. The pattern layer 137 has an island shape on the first electrode 150 exposed through the opening 136a of the bank layer 136.
The pattern layer 137 may include the same material as the bank layer 136. In terms of processes, after the flat overcoating layer 160 is formed, the first electrode 141 is formed on the overcoating layer 160. An original material of the bank layer 136 and the pattern layer 137 is coated on the overcoating layer 160 and the entire surface of the first electrode 141. Then, an exposure and development process is performed using a mask corresponding to the opening 136a of the bank layer 136 and the pattern layer 137. Herein, a location corresponding to the pattern layer 137 is exposed and developed with a smaller amount of light than a related art process. Thus, the bank layer 136 and the pattern layer 137 can be formed of the same material as the bank layer 136 at the same time without a specially added process or mask.
The organic emission layer 142 is disposed on the first electrode 141 and the pattern layer 137, and the second electrode 143 configured to supply one of an electron or a hole to the organic emission layer 142 is on the organic emission layer 142.
In the opening 136a of the bank layer 136, the first electrode 141 on the overcoating layer 160 has a shape according to the surface topology of the overcoating layer 160. That is, in the opening 136a of the bank layer 136, the first electrode 141 on the overcoating layer 160 has a flat shape including flat bottom and top surfaces. The organic emission layer 142 and the second electrode 143 are disposed along a shape of the top surface of the first electrode 141 according to the surface morphology of the overcoating layer 160 and a shape of a top surface of the pattern layer 137. Thus, the organic emission layer 142 and the second electrode 143 have non-flat top and bottom surfaces. Therefore, the first electrode 141 has a flat shape, whereas the organic emission layer 142 and the second electrode 143 have a convex shape on the pattern layer 137. As a result, in the organic light emitting display device 100, the pattern layer 137 is on the first electrode 141 and the organic emission layer 142 and the second electrode 143 have bends. Thus, the organic light emitting display device 100 includes a micro lens array (MLA) structure.
In the organic light emitting display device 100, a concave portion or a convex portion is not formed on the overcoating layer 160 and the bank layer 136, and the pattern layer 137 are formed at the same time. Thus, it is possible to form a micro lens array structure without an additional process. Because the micro lens array structure is formed using the pattern layer 137, the external light extraction efficiency can be improved.
With reference to
The organic light emitting display device 300 illustrated in
The thin-film transistor 320 including a gate electrode 321, an active layer 322, a source electrode 323, and a drain electrode 324 is disposed on the substrate 310. Specifically, the gate electrode 321 is on the substrate 310, and a gate insulation layer 331 configured to insulate the gate electrode 321 and the active layer 322 is disposed on the gate electrode 321 and the substrate 310. Further, the active layer 322 is on the gate insulation layer 331, and an etch stopper 332 is disposed on the active layer 322. Furthermore, the source electrode 323 and the drain electrode 324 are on the active layer 322 and the etch stopper 332. The source electrode 323 and the drain electrode 324 are electrically connected to the active layer 322 to be in contact with the active layer 322 and on a portion of the etch stopper 332. The etch stopper 332 may be omitted.
A passivation layer 333 is disposed on the thin-film transistor 320, and the color filter 350 is disposed on the passivation layer 333.
The color filter 350 is configured to convert a color of the light emitted from an organic emission layer 342, and may be one of a red color filter, a green color filter, and a blue color filter. The color filter 350 is at a location corresponding to an emission area on the passivation layer 333. Herein, the emission area refers to an area where a light is emitted from the organic emission layer 342 by the first electrode 341 and the second electrode 343. The color filter 350 is at a location corresponding to the emission area, which means that the color filter 350 is disposed to suppress occurrence of blurring phenomenon or ghost phenomenon caused by mixing of lights emitted from adjacent emission areas.
For example, the color filter 350 may overlap the emission area. Herein, a location and a size of the color filter 350 may be determined by various factors including a size and a location of the emission area, a distance between the color filter 350 and the first electrode 341, a distance between the color filter 350 and a concave portion 361 (or a convex portion) of the overcoating layer 360, and a distance between emission areas.
The overcoating layer 360 is disposed on the color filter 350 and the passivation layer 333.
The overcoating layer 360 includes a plurality of concave portions 361 to overlap the color filter 350 and a first connection portion 362 that connects the concave portions 361 adjacent to each other.
As illustrated in
The organic light emitting diode 340 including a first electrode 341, the organic emission layer 342, and a second electrode 343, a bank layer 336, and a pattern layer 337 are disposed on the overcoating layer 360. Herein, although not illustrated, a second insulating passivation layer (not illustrated) configured to suppress the spread of outgassing from the overcoating layer 360 to the organic light emitting diode 340 to reduce the lifetime of the organic light emitting diode, and having a shape according to the morphology of the concave portions 361 of the overcoating layer 360 and a refractive index similar to that of the first electrode 341 may be further disposed between the overcoating layer 360 and the first electrode 341.
Specifically, the first electrode 341 configured to supply one of an electron or a hole to the organic emission layer 342 is disposed on a portion of the overcoating layer 360. The first electrode 341 may be a positive electrode, a pixel electrode, or an anode in a normal OLED, or may be a negative electrode, a pixel electrode, or a cathode in an inverted OLED.
The first electrode 341 may be connected to the source electrode 323 of the thin-film transistor 320 through a contact hole formed in the overcoating layer 360. Here, the first electrode 341 is described as being connected to the source electrode 323 on the assumption that the thin-film transistor 320 is an N-type thin-film transistor. However, if the thin-film transistor 320 is a P-type thin-film transistor, the first electrode 341 may be connected to the drain electrode 324. The first electrode 341 may be electrically connected to the organic emission layer 342 directly contacting the organic emission layer 342 or contacting the organic emission layer 342 with a conductive material interposed therebetween.
The first electrode 341 is disposed in a shape according to the surface morphology of the overcoating layer 360. Therefore, the first electrode 341 having a concave morphology on the concave portion 361 of the overcoating layer 360.
The bank layer 336 is on the overcoating layer 360 and the first electrode 341 and includes an opening 336a through which the first electrode 341 is exposed. The bank layer 336 is configured to distinguish adjacent pixel (or subpixel) areas, and may be disposed between the adjacent pixel (or subpixel) areas. The concave portions 361 and the first connection portion 362 of the overcoating layer 360 are disposed to overlap the opening 336a of the bank layer 336. As described above, the concave portions 361 and the first connection portion 362 of the overcoating layer 360 overlapping the color filter 350. Thus, the concave portions 361 and the first connection portion 362 of the overcoating layer 360 overlap the color filter 350 thereunder and also overlap the opening 336a of the bank layer 336 thereon. The pattern layer 337 is on the first electrode 341. The pattern layer 337 has an island shape on the first electrode 341 exposed through the opening 336a of the bank layer 336. That is, the pattern layer 337 on the first electrode 341 partially fills recessed areas of the plurality of concave portions 361 of the overcoating layer 360. The pattern layer 337 may be located in all of the plurality concave portions as illustrated in
The pattern layer 337 may include the same material as the bank layer 336. In terms of processes, after the overcoating layer 360 including the concave portions 361 and the first connection portion 362 is formed, the first electrode 341 is formed on the overcoating layer 360. An original material of the bank layer 336 and the pattern layer 337 is coated on the overcoating layer 360 and the entire surface of the first electrode 341. Then, an exposure and development process is performed using a mask corresponding to the opening 336a of the bank layer 336 and the pattern layer 337. Herein, a location corresponding to the pattern layer 337 is exposed and developed with a smaller amount of light than a conventional process. Thus, the bank layer 336 and the pattern layer 337 can be formed of the same material as the bank layer 336 at the same time without a specially added process or mask.
The organic emission layer 342 is disposed on the first electrode 341 and the pattern layer 337, and the second electrode 343 configured to supply one of an electron or a hole to the organic emission layer 342 is disposed on the organic emission layer 342. The organic emission layer 342 is disposed in a structure (e.g., tandem white) in which a plurality of organic emission layers is laminated to emit a white light. The organic emission layer 342 includes a first organic emission layer configured to emit a blue light and a second organic emission layer disposed on the first organic emission layer and configured to emit a light of a color which turns to white when mixed with blue. The second organic emission layer may be, for example, an organic emission layer that emits a yellow-green light. Meanwhile, the organic emission layer 342 may include only an organic emission layer that emits one of a blue light, a red light, and a green light. In this case, the color filter 350 may not be provided. The second electrode 343 may be a negative electrode, a common electrode, or a cathode in a normal OLED, or may be a positive electrode, a common electrode, or an anode in an inverted OLED.
The organic emission layer 342 and the second electrode 343 are disposed along a shape of the top surface of the first electrode 341 according to the surface morphology of the overcoating layer 360 and a shape of a top surface of the pattern layer 337 disposed on the first electrode 341 and partially filing the recessed areas of the plurality of concave portions 361 of the overcoating layer 360, thereby having non-flat top and bottom surfaces. For example, if the organic emission layer 342 and the second electrode 343 are disposed by deposition, the organic emission layer 342 and the second electrode 343 are disposed according to the morphology of the top surfaces of the first electrode 341 and the pattern layer 337.
With reference to
For example, if the organic emission layer 342 is formed by deposition, the organic emission layer 342 deposited in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 310 has the same thickness. However, the organic emission layer 342 has a shape according to the morphology of the overcoating layer 360. Thus, actually, the organic emission layer 342 has the least thickness for current drive between the first electrode 341 and the second electrode 342 at a location where the organic emission layer 342 has the highest slope, and has the greatest thickness at a location where the organic emission layer 342 has the lowest slope, i.e., at the bottom or the top.
In terms of an emission amount of the organic emission layer 342 depending on a thickness of the organic emission layer 342, an emission amount per unit area of the organic emission layer 342 between the concave portion 361 and the first connection portion 362 of the overcoating layer 360 may be greater than an emission amount per unit area of the organic emission layer 342 at the bottom of the concave portion 361 or the top of the first connection portion 362. Particularly, the organic emission layer 342 may have the greatest emission amount at a location where the organic emission layer 342 has the highest slope between the concave portion 361 and the first connection portion 362 of the overcoating layer 360.
As shown in
If the organic light emitting diode 540 has a micro lens array structure for improving external light extraction efficiency, concave bends are formed on a surface of the organic light emitting diode 540 by the concave portions 561 of the overcoating layer 560 due to characteristics of the pattern as illustrated in
Further, the bends of the concave portions 561 of the overcoating layer 560 mainly reflect an external light, thereby increasing reflectivity.
As illustrated in
In the organic light emitting display device 300 according to another example embodiment, the organic emission layer 342 has a non-uniform thickness due to the bends of the surface of the organic light emitting diode 340 caused by the bends of the concave portions 361 of the overcoating layer 360 and a current applied is concentrated in an area having a high slope so that a light is emitted from the effective emission area A only. However, in the non-effective emission area B, the pattern layer 337 is disposed between the first electrode 341 and the organic emission layer 342 and the second electrode 343, so that a light cannot be emitted. Therefore, it is possible to minimize or suppress most of the light from being confined in the organic light emitting diode 340 without a contribution to improvement of light extraction efficiency in a non-effective emission area D as illustrated in
In the organic light emitting display device 300 according to another example embodiment, the pattern layer 337 disposed on the concave portion 561 of the overcoating layer 560 lessens bends of the overcoating layer 560. Thus, an external light reflectivity can be decreased.
Table 1 lists a measurement result of a driving voltage V, a current density J, a luminous efficiency cd/A, and an external quantum efficiency EQE of the organic light emitting display device 300 according to another example embodiment illustrated in
TABLE 1
Volt
J
Improvement
Improvement
(V)
(mA/cm2)
cd/A
Rate (%)
EQE
Rate (%)
Organic light emitting display
7.43
10
85.41
36.1
33.07
41.6
device 500 according to
Comparative Example
Organic light emitting display
7.55
10
100.41
45.6
39.08
50.6
device 300 according to
example embodiment
As can be seen from Table 1, the organic light emitting display device 300 according to another example embodiment illustrated in
Meanwhile, in the organic light emitting display device 300 according to another example embodiment described with reference to
If the plurality of concave portions 361 is formed in the overcoating layer 360 using a negative photoresist material through photolithography or the like, as illustrated in
As illustrated in
Therefore, if the plurality of concave portions 361 is formed in the overcoating layer 360 using a negative photoresist material through photolithography or the like, the concave portions 361 of the overcoating layer 360 are formed with high uniformity over the entire substrate, and the pattern layer 337 is on the concave portions 361 of the overcoating layer 360 so that a non-effective emission area is formed. Thus, the reliability of the organic light emitting diode 340 can be maintained.
Presuming that a height from the bottom of the concave portion 361 of the overcoating layer 360 to the top of the first connection portion 362 is “H”, the organic emission layer 342 is divided into four equal parts from the bottom of the concave portion 361, as illustrated in
As illustrated in
Therefore, presuming that the height from the bottom of the concave portion 361 of the overcoating layer 360 to the top of the first connection portion 362 is “H”, the top surface of the pattern layer 337 may be located between the bottom of the concave portion 361 and 2H/4. Because the top surface of the pattern layer 337 is located between the bottom of the concave portion 361 and 2H/4, the effective emission area A may be formed from the bottom of the concave portion 361 and 2H/4 to H. Thus, the front-side light extraction efficiency can be maximized.
In
The overcoating layer 660 includes the plurality of convex portions 663 formed to overlap a color filter 650 and the second connection portion 664 that connects the convex portions 663 adjacent to each other. In other words, the overcoating layer 660 includes the plurality of convex portions 663 overlap the opening 336a of the bank layer 336 illustrated in
A first electrode 641 is disposed on the overcoating layer 660. A pattern layer 637 is disposed on the overcoating layer 660 and the first electrode 641, and an organic emission layer 642 and a second electrode 643 are disposed on the first electrode 641 and the pattern layer 637. The first electrode 641, the organic emission layer 642, and the second electrode 643 constitute an organic light emitting diode 640. The pattern layer 637 may be located on all or some of the plurality of second connection portions 664.
Because the pattern layer 637 is located on all or some of the plurality of second connection portions 664, the pattern layer 637 is disposed between the first electrode 641 and the organic emission layer 642 and the second electrode 642 in a non-effective emission area in the same manner as the pattern layer 337 located on the concave portion 361 described with reference to
With reference to
According to the above-described example embodiments, the organic light emitting display device can improve external luminous efficiency and also reduce power consumption.
Further, according to the above-described example embodiments, the organic light emitting display device can improve the shape uniformity of bends of the overcoating layer that improve external luminous efficiency and also maintain the reliability of the device.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the organic light emitting display device of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Koo, Wonhoe, Jo, Soyoung, Jang, Jihyang, Kim, Sookang, Lim, Hyunsoo, Choi, Mingeun
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