A memory system includes: a memory device suitable for storing a data; a controller suitable for controlling an operation of the memory device based on a control signal; and an interface device includes a signal transfer device suitable for transferring the control signal from the controller to the memory device and transferring the data between the memory device and the controller; and a signal control device suitable for controlling an operation of the signal transfer device in response to an interface control signal included in the control signal, wherein the interface control signal includes a blocking command for stopping an operation of the signal transfer device, a correction command for correcting a duty cycle of the control signal, and an unblocking command for resuming the operation in response to the corrected control signal, of the signal transfer device.
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16. A memory system, comprising:
an external channel coupling a controller and an interface device electrically;
an internal channel coupling the interface device and a memory device electrically;
the controller configured to send a control signal to control an operation of the memory device or the interface device; and
the interface device configured to receive the control signal including a command for correcting a duty cycle of a memory control signal transferred by the controller.
1. A memory system, comprising:
a memory device configured to store a data;
a controller configured to control an operation of the memory device based on a control signal; and
an interface device configured to interface the memory device and the controller, including:
a signal control device configured to control the interface device in response to an interface control signal from the controller,
wherein the interface control signal includes a blocking command for stopping an operation of the interface device, a correction command for correcting a duty cycle of the memory control signal, and an unblocking command for resuming the operation in response to the corrected memory control signal, of the interface device.
11. A memory system, comprising:
a memory device configured to store a data;
a controller configured to control an operation of the memory device based on a memory control signal; and
an interface device including:
a signal transfer device configured to selectively transfer, in response to an interface control signal from the controller, the memory control signal from the controller to the memory device and the data between the memory device and the controller,
wherein the interface control signal includes a blocking command for stopping an operation of the signal transfer device, a correction command for correcting a duty cycle of the memory control signal, and an unblocking command for resuming the operation in response to the corrected memory control signal, of the signal transfer device.
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20. The memory system according to
21. The memory system according to
22. The memory system according to
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This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/215,981 filed on Dec. 11, 2018, which is now U.S. Pat. No. 10,714,162 issued on Jul. 14, 2020, and claims the benefits of priority of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2018-0054239 filed on May 11, 2018. The disclosures of each of the foregoing applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
Various embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a memory system. Particularly, the embodiments relate to a memory system for processing data with a memory device, and a method for operating the memory system.
The computer environment paradigm has been shifting to ubiquitous computing, which enables computer systems to be used anytime and anywhere. As a result, use of portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras, and notebook computers has rapidly increased. These portable electronic devices generally use a memory system having one or more memory devices for storing data. A memory system in such device may be used as a main memory device or an auxiliary memory device.
Such memory systems provide excellent stability, durability, high information access speed, and low power consumption, since they have no moving parts. Examples of memory systems having such advantages include universal serial bus (USB) memory devices, memory cards having various interfaces, and solid state drives (SSD).
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a memory system capable of accurately correcting a clock of a memory system, and a method of operating the memory system.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a memory system includes: a memory device suitable for storing a data; a controller suitable for controlling an operation of the memory device based on a control signal; and an interface device including a signal transfer device suitable for transferring the control signal from the controller to the memory device and transferring the data between the memory device and the controller, and a signal control device suitable for controlling an operation of the signal transfer device in response to an interface control signal which is included in the control signal, wherein the interface control signal includes a blocking command for stopping an operation of the signal transfer device, a correction command for correcting a duty cycle of the control signal, and an unblocking command for resuming the operation in response to the corrected control signal, of the signal transfer device.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a method for operating a memory system including a memory device that stores a data includes: transferring a control signal to the memory device; transferring the data between the memory device and a controller suitable for controlling the memory device; and controlling the transferring of the control signal to the memory device and the transferring of the data between the memory device and the controller in response to an interface control signal included in the control signal, wherein the controlling of the transferring of the control signal includes: stopping the transferring of the control signal to the memory device and the transferring of the data between the memory device and the controller in response to a blocking command; correcting a duty cycle of the control signal in response to a correction command; and resuming the transferring of the corrected control signal to the memory device and the transferring of the data between the memory device and the controller in response to an unblocking command.
The blocking command and the unblocking command may be set feature commands.
The controlling of the transferring of the control signal may further include controlling an operation of the signal transfer device by changing a stored value of the operation control register in response to the interface control signal.
The stopping of the transferring of the control signal may include deactivating an access to the memory device in response to the blocking command.
The deactivating of the access to the memory device may include deactivating a chip enable signal for the memory device in response to the blocking command.
The correcting of the duty cycle of the clock may include: measuring one cycle time of a clock signal of the controller in response to the correction command; and calculating a ½ cycle time and a ¼ cycle time of the clock signal based on the first cycle time.
The correcting of the duty cycle of the clock may include generating a first signal and a second signal which have waveforms that are the same as a waveform of the clock signal and which have phases are 180 degrees different from each other based on at least one between the ½ cycle time and the ¼ cycle time and the clock signal.
The correcting of the duty cycle of the clock may include correcting the duty cycle by outputting a logic high level at a rising edge of the first signal and outputting a logic low level at a rising edge of the second signal.
The correcting of the duty cycle of the clock may include receiving a read command as the correction command and receiving a read enable signal as the clock signal.
In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, a memory system includes: a memory device suitable for storing a data; a controller suitable for controlling an operation of the memory device based on a control signal; and an interface device including a signal transfer device suitable for transferring the control signal from the controller to the memory device and transferring the data between the memory device and the controller, and a signal control device suitable for controlling an operation of the signal transfer device in response to an interface control signal included in the control signal, wherein the interface control signal includes a blocking command, a correction command, and an unblocking command, and wherein the signal control device stops the operation of the signal transfer device in response to the blocking command, corrects a duty cycle of the control signal in response to the correction command, and resumes the operation in response to the corrected control signal, of the signal transfer device in response to the unblocking command.
In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, a method for operating a memory system including a memory device that stores a data; a controller that controls an operation of the memory device based on a control signal; and an interface device including a signal transfer device suitable for transferring the control signal from the controller to the memory device and transferring the data between the memory device and the controller and a signal control device for controlling an operation of the signal transfer device in response to an interface control signal included in the control signal, where the interface control signal includes a blocking command, a correction command, and an unblocking command includes: stopping an operation of the signal transfer device in response to the blocking command; correcting a duty cycle of the control signal in response to the correction command; and resuming the operation in response to the corrected control signal, of the signal transfer device in response to the unblocking command.
The blocking command and the unblocking command may be set feature commands.
The method may further include controlling the operation of the signal transfer device by changing a stored value of the operation control register in response to the interface control signal.
The stopping of the operation of the signal transfer device may include deactivating an access to the memory device in response to the blocking command.
The deactivating of the access to the memory device may include deactivating a chip enable signal for the memory device in response to the blocking command.
The correcting of the duty cycle of the clock may include: measuring one cycle time of a clock signal of the controller in response to the correction command; and calculating a ½ cycle time and a ¼ cycle time of the clock signal based on the first cycle time.
The correcting of the duty cycle of the clock may include: generating a first signal and a second signal which have waveforms that are the same as a waveform of the clock signal and which have phases that are 180 degrees different from each other based on at least one between the ½ cycle time and the ¼ cycle time and the clock signal; and correcting the duty cycle by outputting a logic high level at a rising edge of the first signal and outputting a logic low level at a rising edge of the second signal.
The correcting of the duty cycle of the clock may include receiving a read command as the correction command and receiving a read enable signal as the clock signal.
In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, a memory system includes: a controller suitable for providing first to third commands and data; an interface device suitable for: generating operation signals and correcting a duty cycle of the operation signals in response to the first command; deactivating a channel coupled thereto in response to the second command; and activating the channel and providing the corrected operation signals and the data through the channel in response to the third command; and a memory device coupled to the channel and suitable for performing an operation in response to the corrected operation signals and the data.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Throughout the disclosure, like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various figures and embodiments of the present invention. It is noted that reference to “an embodiment” does not necessarily mean only one embodiment, and different references to “an embodiment” are not necessarily to the same embodiment(s).
It will be understood that, although the terms “first” and/or “second” may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, from another element. For instance, a first element discussed below could be termed a second element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Similarly, the second element could also be termed the first element.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “coupled” or “connected” to another element, it can be directly coupled or connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present therebetween. In contrast, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as being “directly coupled” or “directly connected” to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Other expressions that explain the relationship between elements, such as “between”, “directly between”, “adjacent to” or “directly adjacent to” should be construed in the same way.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. In the present disclosure, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprise”, “include”, “have”, etc. when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations of them but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The above-described exemplary embodiments are merely for the purpose of understanding the technical spirit of the present disclosure and the scope of the present disclosure should not be limited to the above-described exemplary embodiments. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains that other modifications based on the technical spirit of the present disclosure may be made in addition to the above-described exemplary embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. Unless otherwise defined in the present disclosure, the terms should not be construed as being ideal or excessively formal.
Hereinafter, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to
The host 102 may include any of various portable electronic devices such as a mobile phone, MP3 player and laptop computer, or any of various non-portable electronic devices such as a desktop computer, game machine, TV, and projector.
The host 102 may include at least one operating system (OS), which may manage and control overall functions and operations of the host 102, and provide operation between the host 102 and a user using the data processing system 100 or the memory system 110. The OS may support functions and operations corresponding to the use purpose and usage of a user. For example, the OS may be divided into a general OS and a mobile OS, depending on the mobility of the host 102. The general OS may be divided into a personal OS and an enterprise OS, depending on the environment of a user. For example, the personal OS configured to support a function of providing a service to general users may include Windows and Chrome, and the enterprise OS configured to secure and support high performance may include Windows server, Linux and Unix. Furthermore, the mobile OS configured to support a function of providing a mobile service to users and a power saving function of a system may include Android, iOS and Windows Mobile. The host 102 may include a plurality of OSs, and execute an OS to perform an operation corresponding to a user's request on the memory system 110.
The memory system 110 may operate to store data for the host 102 in response to a request of the host 102. Non-limiting examples of the memory system 110 may include a solid state drive (SSD), a multi-media card (MMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a universal storage bus (USB) device, a universal flash storage (UFS) device, compact flash (CF) card, a smart media card (SMC), a personal computer memory card international association (PCMCIA) card and memory stick. The MMC may include an embedded MMC (eMMC), reduced size MMC (RS-MMC) and micro-MMC, and the. The SD card may include a mini-SD card and micro-SD card.
The memory system 110 may be embodied by various types of storage devices. Examples of such storage devices may include, but are not limited to, volatile memory devices such as a DRAM dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and a static RAM (SRAM) and nonvolatile memory devices such as a read only memory (ROM), a mask ROM (MROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a ferroelectric RAM (FRAM), a phase-change RAM (PRAM), a magneto-resistive RAM (MRAM), resistive RAM (RRAM) and a flash memory. The flash memory may have a 3-dimensional (3D) stack structure.
The memory system 110 may include a memory device 150 and a controller 130. The memory device 150 may store data for the host 102, and the controller 130 may control data storage into the memory device 150.
The controller 130 and the memory device 150 may be integrated into a single semiconductor device, which may be included in the various types of memory systems as exemplified above. For example, the controller 130 and the memory device 150 may be integrated as one semiconductor device to constitute an SSD. When the memory system 110 is used as an SSD, the operating speed of the host 102 connected to the memory system 110 can be improved. In addition, the controller 130 and the memory device 150 may be integrated as one semiconductor device to constitute a memory card. For example, the controller 130 and the memory device 150 may constitute a memory card such as a PCMCIA (personal computer memory card international association) card, CF card, SMC (smart media card), memory stick, MMC including RS-MMC and micro-MMC, SD card including mini-SD, micro-SD and SDHC, or UFS device.
Non-limiting application examples of the memory system 110 may include a computer, an Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC), a workstation, a net-book, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a portable computer, a web tablet, a tablet computer, a wireless phone, a mobile phone, a smart phone, an e-book, a Portable Multimedia Player (PMP), a portable game machine, a navigation system, a black box, a digital camera, a Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) player, a 3-dimensional television, a smart television, a digital audio recorder, a digital audio player, a digital picture recorder, a digital picture player, a digital video recorder, a digital video player, a storage device constituting a data center, a device capable of transmitting/receiving information in a wireless environment, one of various electronic devices constituting a home network, one of various electronic devices constituting a computer network, one of various electronic devices constituting a telematics network, a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) device, or one of various components constituting a computing system.
The memory device 150 may be a nonvolatile memory device and may retain data stored therein even when power is not supplied or interrupted. The memory device 150 may store data provided from the host 102 through a write operation, and provide data stored therein to the host 102 through a read operation. The memory device 150 may include a plurality of memory blocks 152, 154, 156 . . . (hereinafter, referred to as “memory blocks 152 to 156”) each of which may include a plurality of pages, and each of the pages may include a plurality of memory cells coupled to a word line. In an embodiment, the memory device 150 may be a flash memory. The flash memory may have a 3-dimensional (3D) stack structure.
Since the structure of the memory device 150 including its 3D stack structure will be described in detail later with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, further description of these elements and features are omitted here.
The controller 130 may control the memory device 150 in response to a request from the host 102. For example, the controller 130 may provide data read from the memory device 150 to the host 102, and store data provided from the host 102 into the memory device 150. For this operation, the controller 130 may control read, write, program and erase operations of the memory device 150.
The controller 130 may include a host interface (I/F) 132, a processor 134, an error correction code (ECC) component 138, a Power Management Unit (PMU) 140, a memory I/F 142 such as a NAND flash controller (NFC), and a memory 144 all operatively coupled via an internal bus.
The host interface 132 may be configured to process a command and data of the host 102, and may communicate with the host 102 through one or more of various interface protocols such as universal serial bus (USB), multi-media card (MMC), peripheral component interconnect-express (PCI-E), small computer system interface (SCSI), serial-attached SCSI (SAS), serial advanced technology attachment (SATA), parallel advanced technology attachment (DATA), enhanced small disk interface (ESDI) and integrated drive electronics (IDE).
The ECC component 138 may detect and correct an error contained in the data read from the memory device 150. In other words, the ECC component 138 may perform an error correction decoding process to the data read from the memory device 150 through an ECC code used during an ECC encoding process. According to a result of the error correction decoding process, the ECC component 138 may output a signal, for example, an error correction success/fail signal. When the number of error bits is more than a threshold value of correctable error bits, the ECC component 138 may not correct the error bits, and may output an error correction fail signal.
The ECC component 138 may perform error correction through a coded modulation such as Low Density Parity Check (LDDC) code, Bose-Chaudhri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code, turbo code, Reed-Solomon code, convolution code, Recursive Systematic Code (RSC), Trellis-Coded Modulation (TCM) and Block coded modulation (BCM). However, the ECC component 138 is not limited to any specific structure. The ECC component 138 may include all circuits, modules, systems or devices for error correction.
The PMU 140 may provide and manage power of the controller 130.
The memory I/F 142 may serve as a memory/storage interface for interfacing the controller 130 and the memory device 150 such that the controller 130 controls the memory device 150 in response to a request from the host 102. When the memory device 150 is a flash memory or specifically a NAND flash memory, the memory I/F 142 may generate a control signal for the memory device 150 and process data to be provided to the memory device 150 under the control of the processor 134. The memory I/F 142 may work as an interface (e.g., a NAND flash interface) for processing a command and data between the controller 130 and the memory device 150. Specifically, the memory I/F 142 may support data transfer between the controller 130 and the memory device 150.
The memory 144 may serve as a working memory of the memory system 110 and the controller 130, and store data for driving the memory system 110 and the controller 130. The controller 130 may control the memory device 150 to perform read, write, program and erase operations in response to a request from the host 102. The controller 130 may provide data read from the memory device 150 to the host 102, may store data provided from the host 102 into the memory device 150. The memory 144 may store data required for the controller 130 and the memory device 150 to perform these operations.
The memory 144 may be embodied by a volatile memory. For example, the memory 144 may be embodied by static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The memory 144 may be disposed within or out of the controller 130.
The processor 134 may control the overall operations of the memory system 110. The processor 134 may drive firmware to control the overall operations of the memory system 110. The firmware may be referred to as flash translation layer (FTL). Also, the processor 134 may be realized as a microprocessor or a Central Processing Unit (CPU).
For example, the controller 130 may perform an operation requested by the host 102 in the memory device 150 through the processor 134, which is realized as a microprocessor or a CPU. In other words, the controller 130 may perform a command operation corresponding to a command received from the host 102, or source other than the host 102. The controller 130 may perform a foreground operation as the command operation corresponding to the command received from the host 102. For example, the controller 130 may perform a program operation corresponding to a write command, a read operation corresponding to a read command, an erase operation corresponding to an erase command, and a parameter set operation corresponding to a set parameter command or a set feature command.
Also, the controller 130 may perform a background operation on the memory device 150 through the processor 134, which is realized as a microprocessor or a CPU. The background operation performed on the memory device 150 may include an operation of copying and processing data stored in some memory blocks among the memory blocks 152 to 156 of the memory device 150 into other memory blocks, e.g., a garbage collection (GC) operation, an operation of swapping between the memory blocks 152 to 156 or between the data of the memory blocks 152 to 156, e.g., a wear-leveling (WL) operation, an operation of storing the map data stored in the controller 130 in the memory blocks 152 to 156, e.g., a map flush operation, or an operation of managing bad blocks of the memory device 150, e.g., a bad block management operation of detecting and processing bad blocks among the memory blocks 152 to 156.
A memory device of the memory system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to
Referring to
Also, the memory device 150 may include a plurality of memory blocks, which may include a single level cell (SLC) memory block storing 1-bit data and/or a multi-level cell (MLC) memory block storing 2-bit data. The SLC memory blocks may include a plurality of pages that are realized by memory cells storing one-bit data in one memory cell. The SLC memory blocks may have high speed data operation performance and high durability. On the other hand, the MLC memory blocks may include a plurality of pages that are realized by memory cells storing multi-bit data, e.g., data of two or more bits, in one memory cell. The MLC memory blocks may have a greater data storage space than the SLC memory blocks. In other words, the MLC memory blocks may be highly integrated. Particularly, the memory device 150 may include not only the MLC memory blocks, each of which includes a plurality of pages that are realized by memory cells capable of storing two-bit data in one memory cell, but also triple level cell (TLC) memory blocks each of which includes a plurality of pages that are realized by memory cells capable of storing three-bit data in one memory cell, quadruple level cell (QLC) memory blocks each of which includes a plurality of pages that are realized by memory cells capable of storing four-bit data in one memory cell, and/or multiple level cell memory blocks each of which includes a plurality of pages that are realized by memory cells capable of storing five or more-bit data in one memory cell, and so forth.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the memory device 150 is described as a non-volatile memory, such as a flash memory, e.g., a NAND flash memory. However, the memory device 150 may be realized as any memory among a Phase Change Random Access Memory (PCRAM), a Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM or ReRAM), a Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FRAM), a Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Random Access Memory (STT-RAM or STT-MRAM).
The memory blocks BLOCK0 to BLOCKN−1 may store the data transferred from the host 102 through a program operation, and transfer data stored therein to the host 102 through a read operation.
Referring to
Although
The memory device 150 may further include a voltage supply 310 which provides word line voltages including a program voltage, a read voltage and a pass voltage to supply to the word lines according to an operation mode. The voltage generation operation of the voltage supply 310 may be controlled by a control circuit (not illustrated). Under the control of the control circuit, the voltage supply 310 may select one of the memory blocks (or sectors) of the memory cell array, select one of the word lines of the selected memory block, and provide the word line voltages to the selected word line and the unselected word lines as may be needed.
The memory device 150 may include a read and write (read/write) circuit 320 which is controlled by the control circuit. During a verification/normal read operation, the read/write circuit 320 may operate as a sense amplifier for reading data from the memory cell array. During a program operation, the read/write circuit 320 may operate as a write driver for driving bit lines according to data to be stored in the memory cell array. During a program operation, the read/write circuit 320 may receive from a buffer (not illustrated) data to be stored into the memory cell array, and drive bit lines according to the received data. The read/write circuit 320 may include a plurality of page buffers 322 to 326 respectively corresponding to columns (or bit lines) or column pairs (or bit line pairs), and each of the page buffers 322 to 326 may include a plurality of latches (not illustrated).
Referring to
Although not illustrated in
In short, each memory block BLK0 to BLKN−1 which may correspond to any one memory block among the memory blocks shown in
Hereinafter, a data processing operation of a memory device, particularly, a data processing operation performed when a plurality of command operations corresponding to a plurality of commands are performed, in a memory system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to
The memory system 110 may include a plurality of memory devices 150 to meet the demands for increasing capacity of the memory system 110. Each memory dies Die 11 to Die 28 shown in
When the loading capacitance of the memory package 510 including a plurality of the memory devices 150 increases, the speed of the memory system 110 may be degraded due to Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI). To improve this problem, the memory package 510 may include an interface device 512 (ISSCC 2015/SESSION 7/NON-VOLATILE MEMORY SOLUTIONS/7.6 1 GB/s 2 Tb NAND Flash Multi-Chip Package with Frequency-Boosting Interface Chip).
The interface device 512 may perform communication between the controller 130 and the memory dies Die 11 to Die 28. The memory package 510 may include an internal channel 532 that couples the interface device 512 to the memory devices 150.
When the controller 130 controls a write operation of the memory die Die 11 in response to a write command transferred from a host (e.g., the host 102 shown in
When the controller controls a read operation of the memory die Die 11 in response to a read command transferred from the host, the interface device may receive a chip enable signal XCE_N[7:0], a command enable signal XCLE, an address enable signal XALE, a read enable signal XRE_N as control signals. The interface device 512 may output an internal chip enable signal CE_N, an internal command enable signal CLE, an internal address enable signal ALE, an internal read enable signal RE_1_N to the memory die Die 11 corresponding to the chip enable signal XCE_N[7:0] through the internal channel 532 in response to the received control signal.
As described above, the effective loading capacitance may be reduced so that the memory system 110 may operate at a high frequency by transferring a control signal from the controller 130 to the interface device 512 of the memory package 510 and transferring an internal signal from the interface device 512 to the memory device 150 based on the received control signal. Meanwhile, as a high-speed operation through the interface device 512 becomes possible, the need for duty cycle correction is increased.
When a read command is received from the host 102, the controller 130 may generate a chip enable signal XCE_N, a command enable signal XCLE, an address enable signal XALE, and a read enable signal XRE_N. The memory device 150 corresponding to the memory dies Die 11 to Die 28 may perform a read operation in response to the signals and generate a data strobe signal DQS based on the read enable signal RE. The memory device 150 may output a data signal DQ to the controller 130 in response to the data strobe signal DQS.
Meanwhile, when the duty cycle of the read enable signal RE is not approximately 50%, the duty cycle of the data strobe signal DQS generated based on the read enable signal RE may not be approximately 50%. Further, the data signal DQ may be outputted in both high and low sections of the data strobe signal DQS in the memory system 110 operating at a high speed. Therefore, the duty cycle of the data signal DQ outputted in response to the data strobe signal DQS may not be approximately 50%. Since the time section during which the data signal DQ is enabled is short in the memory system 110 operating at a high speed, it may be necessary to broaden a data valid window by accurately matching the ratio of the high section and the low section, for example, to exactly 50%.
Meanwhile, according to an embodiment, the memory device 150 may not output a valid data signal immediately after the data strobe signal DQS is generated, but instead output the valid data signal after a latency of predetermined cycles.
According to the prior art (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0041717), the duty cycle of a read enable signal RE is corrected in the latency period, and then the read enable signal RE and a data strobe signal DQS, duty cycles of which are corrected during the latency period, are outputted after the latency period.
However, the length of the latency period may be restricted according to how the memory device 150 is implemented, and even though the length of the latency period is not restricted, if the latency period is too long during a read operation, the performance of the memory system 110 may be degraded.
Therefore, according to the above conventional technique, the memory device 150 has to correct the duty cycle within only a few cycles after the read enable signal RE is driven. However, since an error may occur in the duty cycle correction due to the generation of power noise immediately after the read enable signal RE is driven and the duty cycle correction has to be completed within a short time, the accuracy may be poor, which is problematic.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in response to an interface control signal from the controller 130, the interface device 512 may correct a duty cycle. Herein, the interface device 512 may deactivate the internal channel 532 to prevent the internal signal from being transferred to the memory device 150, and may correct the duty cycle by using a sufficiently long clock period as well as the latency interval. The reliability of the memory system 110 may be improved by increasing the accuracy of the duty cycle correction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the interface device 512 may include an operation control register 800. The operation control register 800 may store information on whether the internal channel 532 is activated or not. The operation control register 800 may be, for example but not limited to, a 32-bit register.
The controller 130 may store the information on whether the internal channel 532 is activated or not by providing a set feature command to the interface device 512 and changing a value stored in the operation control register 800. The set feature command may refer to a command used when an operation of the memory device 150 is to be changed.
In the example of
For example, in
According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the bits of the operation control register 800 may be designated as a blocking bit 802. In the example of
Although
When the memory system 110 is powered up (or turned on) in step S1002, the interface device 512 may correct the duty cycle of the clock by performing the operations of steps S1004 to S1010.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the memory system 110 may include a plurality of interface devices 512, and each of the interface devices 512 may correct the duty cycle of the clock.
In step S1004, the controller 130 may transfer a command for setting the blocking bit 802 to a predetermined value, for example, ‘1’, to the interface device 512 in order to deactivate the internal channel 532. The interface device 512 may set the blocking bit 802 to ‘1’ in response to the command.
In step S1006, the controller 130 may provide a read command to the interface device 512. Referring to
In response to the received signal, the interface device 512 may generate an internal chip enable signal CE_N, an internal command enable signal CLE, an internal address enable signal ALE_N, and an internal lead enable signal RE_N as internal signals.
The interface device 512 may check the value of the blocking bit 802 to determine whether to transfer the generated signals to the memory device 150. Since the value of the blocking bit 802 is set to ‘1’ in the step S1004, the interface device 512 may not transfer the generated internal signals to the memory device 150 by deactivating the internal channel 532 accordingly.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the interface device 512 may disable only the internal chip enable signal CE_N among the internal signals based on the value of the blocking bit 802. For example, the interface device 512 may disable the internal chip enable signal CEN by keeping the internal chip enable signal CEN having a logic high level, when the value of the blocking bit 802 is ‘1’. In this case, even if the remaining signals are transferred to the memory device 150, operations according to the signals are not actually performed in the memory device 150.
When a read command is received while the internal channel 532 is deactivated, the interface device 512 may correct the duty cycle based on the received signal in step S1008. The read command may be a command for generating a clock signal for duty cycle correction (DCC). In this present specification, this command may be referred to as a “correction command”.
Hereafter, the operations of the steps S1004 to S1008 will be described in more detail with reference to
The interface device 512 may include a signal control device 1130 and a signal transfer device 1150.
The signal transfer device 1150 may transfer the control signal from the controller to the memory device and transferring the data between the memory device and controller. The signal transfer device may include a first sampler 1116, a first multiplexer 1118, a second sampler 1120, a second multiplexer 1122, plural receiver (RX) and plural transmitter (TX).
The signal control device 1130 may control an operation of the signal transfer device in response to an interface control signal included in the control signal. The signal control device 1130 may include a command decoder 1102, a clock cycle measurer 1104, a first duty cycle correction circuit 1106, a second duty cycle correction circuit 1108, a third duty cycle correction circuit 1110, a first phase delayer 1112 and a second phase delayer 1114.
The command decoder 1102 may extract a command, an address, and a data from the control signals that are received from the controller 130 through the external channel 530. As a result of the extraction, when a command (e.g., P0<0>=1b) for setting the value of the blocking bit 802 to, e.g. ‘1’, in the operation control register 800 is received, the command decoder 1102 may set the value of the blocking bit 802 to ‘1’.
The interface device 512 may receive the read enable signal XRE from the controller 130, deactivate the internal channel 532 according to the value of the blocking bit 802 and measure the time corresponding to one clock cycle of the read enable signal XRE. The duty cycles of the internal read enable signal RE_N, the internal data strobe signal DQS, and the data strobe signal XDQS may be corrected based on the measured one cycle time of the read enable signal XRE.
The clock cycle measurer 1104 may measure and store the one cycle time of the read enable signal XRE.
Herein, the memory device 150 described with reference to
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the interface device 512 may receive the read enable signal XRE thousands of times according to one read command, and may accurately measure one cycle time of the read enable signal XRE.
The clock cycle measurer 1104 may output a ½ cycle time and a ¼ cycle time based on the measured one cycle time and transfer them to first to third duty cycle correction (DCC) circuits 1106 to 1110.
The second duty cycle correction circuit 1108 may receive the data strobe signal XDQS from the controller 130 and receive the ½ cycle time and the ¼ cycle time from the clock cycle measurer 1104. A phase converter 1202 may convert the phase of the data strobe signal XDQS.
The phase converter 1202 may generate a signal A by delaying the phase of the data strobe signal XDQS by 90 degrees based on the ¼ cycle time, and generate a signal B by delaying the signal A by 180 degrees based on the ½ cycle signal.
The edge trigger 1204 may receive the signal A and the signal B and output a signal idqs1 in a logic high level at a rising edge of the signal A, and output the signal idqs1 in a logic low level at a rising edge of the signal B. As a result, the signal idqs1 which has a duty cycle of approximately 50% and which has a phase lag of approximately 90 degrees behind the phase of the strobe signal XDQS may be generated.
Referring back to
The first duty cycle correction circuit 1106 may receive the read enable signal XRE_N from the controller and receive the ½ cycle time from the clock cycle measurer 1104. A phase converter 1206 may convert the phase of the read enable signal XRE_N.
The phase converter 1206 may generate a signal D by delaying the phase of the read enable signal XRE_N. The edge trigger 1208 may receive the read enable signal XRE_N and the signal D and output a signal re1 in a logic high level at a rising edge of the read enable signal XRE_N, and output the signal re1 in a logic low level at a rising edge of the signal D.
As a result, the first duty cycle correction circuit 1106 may generate a signal which has a duty cycle of approximately 50% and has no phase difference from the read enable signal XRE based on the read enable signal XRE and the ½ cycle time.
When the internal channel 532 is activated, the generated signal may be outputted to the memory device 150 as the internal read enable signal RE_N.
The configuration of the third duty cycle correction circuit 1110 may be substantially same to the second duty cycle correction circuit 1108. Similar to the second duty cycle correction circuit 1108, the third duty cycle correction circuit 1110 may generate a signal which has a duty cycle of approximately 50% and has a phase 90 degrees which lags behind the phase of a signal odqs1 based on the signal odqs1 which has a phase that is delayed from the internal data strobe signal NQS and the ½ cycle time and the ¼ cycle time. When the internal channel 532 is activated, the generated signal may be outputted to the controller 130 as the data strobe signal XDQS.
Although the example in
Referring back to
In step S1012, the controller 130 may transfer an external command to the interface device 512. The interface device 512 may receive an external signal according to the external command. The interface device 512 may generate an internal signal in response to the received signal.
The interface device 512 may check the value of the blocking bit 802 to determine whether to provide the generated signal to the memory device 150 or not. Since the value of the blocking bit 802 is set to ‘0’ in step S1010, the interface device 512 may accordingly transfer the generated signal to the memory device 150 by activating the internal channel 532. Thus, the memory device 150 may perform other operations in response to the commands transferred from the host 102 or the controller 130.
The interface device 512 may perform communication between the controller 130 and the memory device 150 as described with reference to
The method of changing the value of the blocking bit 802 to activate or deactivate the internal channel 532 is not limited to transferring the command, the address, and the 32-bit data as described above. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the interface device 512 may receive only a command and an address from the controller 130, and change the value of the blocking bit 802 only by accessing the blocking bit 802.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the interface device 512 may receive only a blocking command and an unblocking command, and change the value of the blocking bit 802.
According to various embodiments of the invention described above, the interface device 512 may deactivate the internal channel 532 such that an operation according to a command is not performed in the memory device 150 but the interface device 512 performs a duty cycle correction based on a sufficient clock cycle according to the command. The reliability of the memory system 110 may be improved by performing a data input/output operation based on a clock which has a duty cycle that is more accurately corrected than the case where the duty cycle is corrected in the latency period, which is described in
Referring to
The first sampler 1116 of
The signal idqs1 in
The first phase delayer 1112 may generate an signal idgs2 which has a phase that lags approximately 90 degrees behind the phase of the signal idqs1 and output the signal idgs2 as an internal data strobe signal DQS. The interface device 512 may transfer the internal data signal DQ[7:0] and the internal data strobe signals DQS to the memory device 150.
Even though the interface device 512 receives from the controller 130 the data strobe signal XDQS and the data signal XDQ[7:0], duty cycles of which are not 50%, the reliability of the data written in the memory device 150 may be improved by transferring to the memory device 150 the internal data strobe signal DQS and the internal data signal DQ[7:0], duty cycles of which are 50%.
Referring to
The second phase delayer 1114 of
The signal odqs2 in
The interface device 512 may transfer the data signal XDQ[7:0] to the controller 130. The interface device 512 may transfer the signal odqs2 to the controller 130 as the data strobe signal XDQS.
Even though the internal read enable signal RE is modified in the memory device 150 so that the duty cycle is not approximately 50%, the reliability of the read data may be improved as the interface device 512 transfers the data strobe signal XDQS having the duty cycle of approximately 50% and the data signal XDQ[7:0] to the controller 130.
Hereafter, referring to
Referring to
More specifically, the memory controller 6120 may be connected to the memory device 6130 embodied by a nonvolatile memory, and configured to access the memory device 6130. For example, the memory controller 6120 may be configured to control read, write, erase and background operations of the memory device 6130. The memory controller 6120 may be configured to provide an interface between the memory device 6130 and a host, and drive firmware for controlling the memory device 6130. That is, the memory controller 6120 may correspond to the controller 130 of the memory system 110 described with reference to
Thus, the memory controller 6120 may include a RAM, a processor, a host interface, a memory interface and an error correction component.
The memory controller 6120 may communicate with an external device, for example the host 102 of
The memory device 6130 may be implemented by a nonvolatile memory. For example, the memory device 6130 may be implemented by any of various nonvolatile memory devices such as an erasable and programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable and programmable ROM (EEPROM), a NAND flash memory, a NOR flash memory, a phase-change RAM (PRAM), a resistive RAM (ReRAM), a ferroelectric RAM (FRAM) and a spin torque transfer magnetic RAM (STT-RAM).
The memory controller 6120 and the memory device 6130 may be integrated into a single semiconductor device. For example, the memory controller 6120 and the memory device 6130 may be integrated to form a solid-state driver (SSD). Also, the memory controller 6120 and the memory device 6130 may form a memory card such as a PC card (PCMCIA: Personal Computer Memory Card International Association), a compact flash (CF) card, a smart media card (e.g., SM and SMC), a memory stick, a multimedia card (e.g., MMC, RS-MMC, MMCmicro and eMMC), an SD card (e.g., SD, miniSD, microSD and SDHC) and a universal flash storage (UFS).
Referring to
The memory controller 6220 may control a read, write or erase operation on the memory device 6230 in response to a request of the host 6210, and the memory controller 6220 may include one or more CPUs 6221, a buffer memory such as RAM 6222, an ECC circuit 6223, a host interface 6224 and a memory interface such as an NUM interface 6225.
The CPU 6221 may control overall operations on the memory device 6230, for example, read, write, file system management and bad page management operations. The RAM 6222 may be operated according to control of the CPU 6221, and used as a work memory, buffer memory or cache memory. When the RAM 6222 is used as a work memory, data processed by the CPU 6221 may be temporarily stored in the RAM 6222. When the RAM 6222 is used as a buffer memory, the RAM 6222 may be used for buffering data transmitted to the memory device 6230 from the host 6210 or transmitted to the host 6210 from the memory device 6230. When the RAM 6222 is used as a cache memory, the RAM 6222 may assist the low-speed memory device 6230 to operate at high speed.
The ECC circuit 6223 may correspond to the ECC component 138 of the controller 130 illustrated in
The memory controller 6220 may transmit/receive data to/from the host 6210 through the host interface 6224, and transmit/receive data to/from the memory device 6230 through the NVM interface 6225. The host interface 6224 may be connected to the host 6210 through a TATA bus, SATA bus, SCSI, USB, PCIe or NAND interface. The memory controller 6220 may have a wireless communication function with a mobile communication protocol such as WiFi or Long Term Evolution (LTE), The memory controller 6220 may be connected to an external device, for example, the host 6210 or another external device, and then transmit/receive data to/from the external device. In particular, as the memory controller 6220 is configured to communicate with the external device through one or more of various communication protocols, the memory system and the data processing system in accordance with an embodiment may be applied to wired/wireless electronic devices or particularly a mobile electronic device.
Referring to
More specifically, the controller 6320 may be connected to the memory device 6340 through a plurality of channels CH1 to CHi. The controller 6320 may include one or more processors 6321, a buffer memory 6325, an ECC circuit 6322, a host interface 6324 and a memory interface, for example, a nonvolatile memory interface 6326.
The buffer memory 6325 may temporarily store data provided from the host 6310 or data provided from a plurality of flash memories NVM included in the memory device 6340, or temporarily store meta data of the plurality of flash memories NVM, for example, map data including a mapping table. The buffer memory 6325 may be embodied by volatile memories such as DRAM, SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, LPDDR SDRAM and GRAM or nonvolatile memories such as FRAM, ReRAM, STT-MRAM and PRAM. For convenience of description,
The ECC circuit 6322 may calculate an ECC value of data to be programmed to the memory device 6340 during a program operation, perform an error correction operation on data read from the memory device 6340 based on the ECC value during a read operation, and perform an error correction operation on data recovered from the memory device 6340 during a failed data recovery operation.
The host interface 6324 may provide an interface function with an external device, for example, the host 6310, and the nonvolatile memory interface 6326 may provide an interface function with the memory device 6340 connected through the plurality of channels.
Furthermore, a plurality of SSDs 6300 to which the memory system 110 of
Referring to
More specifically, the controller 6430 may be connected to the memory device 6440 through a plurality of channels. The controller 6430 may include one or more cores 6432, a host interface 6431 and a memory interface, for example, a NAND interface 6433.
The core 6432 may control overall operations of the eMMC 6400, the host interface 6431 may provide an interface function between the controller 6430 and the host 6410, and the NAND interface 6433 may provide an interface function between the memory device 6440 and the controller 6430. For example, the host interface 6431 may serve as a parallel interface, for example, MMC interface as described with reference to
Referring to
The hosts 6510, 6610, 6710 and 6810, the UFS devices 6520, 6620, 6720 and 6820 and the UFS cards 6530, 6630, 6730 and 6830 in the respective UFS systems 6500, 6600, 6700 and 6800 may communicate with external devices, for example, wired/wireless electronic devices or particularly mobile electronic devices through UFS protocols, and the UFS devices 6520, 6620, 6720 and 6820 and the UFS cards 6530, 6630, 6730 and 6830 may be embodied by the memory system 110 illustrated in
Furthermore, in the UFS systems 6500, 6600, 6700 and 6800, the hosts 6510, 6610, 6710 and 6810, the UFS devices 6520, 6620, 6720 and 6820 and the UFS cards 6530, 6630, 6730 and 6830 may communicate with each other through an UFS interface, for example, MIPI M-PHY and MIPI UniPro (Unified Protocol) in MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface). Furthermore, the UFS devices 6520, 6620, 6720 and 6820 and the UFS cards 6530, 6630, 6730 and 6830 may communicate with each other through various protocols other than the UFS protocol, for example, UFDs, MMC, SD, mini-SD, and micro-SD.
In the UFS system 6500 illustrated in
In the UFS system 6600 illustrated in
In the UFS system 6700 illustrated in
In the UFS system 6800 illustrated in
Referring to
More specifically, the application processor 6930 may drive components included in the user system 6900, for example, an OS, and include controllers, interfaces and a graphic engine which control the components included in the user system 6900. The application processor 6930 may be provided as System-on-Chip (SoC).
The memory module 6920 may be used as a main memory, work memory, buffer memory or cache memory of the user system 6900. The memory module 6920 may include a volatile RAM such as DRAM, SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, DDR2 SDRAM, DDR3 SDRAM, LPDDR SDARM, LPDDR3 SDRAM or LPDDR3 SDRAM or a nonvolatile RAM such as PRAM, ReRAM, MRAM or FRAM. For example, the application processor 6930 and the memory module 6920 may be packaged and mounted, based on POP (Package on Package).
The network module 6940 may communicate with external devices. For example, the network module 6940 may not only support wired communication, but also support various wireless communication protocols such as code division multiple access (CDMA), global system for mobile communication (GSM), wideband CDMA (WCDMA), CDMA-2000, time division multiple access (TDMA), long term evolution (LTE), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (W max), wireless local area network (WLAN), ultra-wideband (UWB), Bluetooth, wireless display (WI-DI), thereby communicating with wired/wireless electronic devices or particularly mobile electronic devices. Therefore, the memory system and the data processing system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, can be applied to wired/wireless electronic devices. The network module 6940 may be included in the application processor 6930.
The storage module 6950 may store data, for example, data received from the application processor 6930, and then may transmit the stored data to the application processor 6930. The storage module 6950 may be embodied by a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device such as a phase-change RAM (PRAM), a magnetic RAM (MRAM), a resistive RAM (ReRAM), a NAND flash, NOR flash and 3D NAND flash, and provided as a removable storage medium such as a memory card or external drive of the user system 6900. The storage module 6950 may correspond to the memory system 110 described with reference to
The user interface 6910 may include interfaces for inputting data or commands to the application processor 6930 or outputting data to an external device. For example, the user interface 6910 may include user input interfaces such as a keyboard, a keypad, a button, a touch panel, a touch screen, a touch pad, a touch ball, a camera, a microphone, a gyroscope sensor, a vibration sensor and a piezoelectric element, and user output interfaces such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device, an active matrix OLED (AMOLED) display device, an LED, a speaker and a motor.
Furthermore, when the memory system 110 of
According to the embodiments of the present invention, the memory system may have improved reliability by accurately correcting a clock of the memory system, and a method of operating the memory system.
While the present invention has been described with respect to the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
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