A system is disclosed for detecting extravasation of injected liquid from the blood vessel of a patient. The system operates by monitoring electromagnetic microwave emission from the patient at the injection site by means of a microwave antenna assembly and processing apparatus connected to the antenna assembly for responding to changes in the microwave emission characteristics representative of extravasation. The antenna assembly has a reusable antenna element connected to the processing apparatus, a disposable attachment element for adhering to the patient's skin, and interfitting male and female coupling formations on the attachment element and the antenna element respectively for releasably coupling the reusable element to the disposable element.

Patent
   5334141
Priority
Jun 26 1992
Filed
Jun 26 1992
Issued
Aug 02 1994
Expiry
Jun 26 2012
Assg.orig
Entity
Small
118
2
all paid
15. A disposable attachment element for securing a microwave antenna element to skin of a patient to receive microwave radiation from the patient during injection of liquid into a blood vessel, the element comprising a flexible carrier sheet having an adhesive undersurface, a button of dielectric material on an upper surface of the sheet, and the sheet having an adhesive upper surface portion surrounding the button to receive a peripheral portion of a microwave antenna element coupled to the attachment element with the button received in a corresponding recess of the antenna element.
13. A reusable microwave antenna element for receiving microwave radiation from a body of a patient during injection of liquid into a blood vessel, by attachment of the antenna element in intimate contact with skin of the patient, comprising an outer cup-like conductive housing with a rim for securing in intimate contact with the skin, a conductive launching probe leading into said housing, a dielectric material filling the housing and separating the launching probe from the housing, and a recess in the dielectric material for receiving part of a button of like dielectric material on an attachment element used for securing the antenna element to the patient's skin.
17. A disposable attachment element for securing a microwave antenna element to skin of a patient to receive microwave radiation from the patient during injection of liquid int a blood vessel, the element comprising a flexible carrier sheet having an adhesive undersurface, a button of dielectric material on an upper surface of the sheet, and the sheet having an adhesive upper surface portion surrounding the button to receive a peripheral portion of a microwave antenna element coupled to the attachment element with the button receive in a corresponding recess of the antenna element, wherein the button has a stepped configuration with a larger base portion and smaller upper portion.
1. A system for microwave detection of extravasation of liquid from a blood vessel of a patient into which the liquid is injected, the system including microwave antenna means for receiving microwave emission signals from the patient and processing means connected with the antenna means for responding to changes in said signals representative of extravasation, the antenna means including a reusable antenna element connected to said processing means, a disposable attachment element for adhering to a patient's skin over an injection site, and interfitting male and female coupling means on the attachment element and the antenna element respectively for releasably securing the antenna element on the attachment element in intimate contact with the patient's skin.
11. A system for microwave detection of extravasation of liquid from a blood vessel of a patient into which the liquid is injected, the system including microwave antenna means for receiving microwave emission signals form the patient and processing means connected with the antenna means for responding to changes in said signals representative of extravasation, the antenna means including a reusable antenna element connected to said processing means, a disposable attachment element for adhering to a patient's skin over an injection site, and interfitting male and female coupling means on the attachment element and the antenna element respectively for releasably securing the antenna element on the attachment element in intimate contact with the patient's skin, wherein the processing means includes a radiometer connected to the antenna element by a coaxial cable having an inner conductor connected to the launching probe and an outer conductor connected to the housing.
21. A method of monitoring electromagnetic microwave emission from a patient during injection of liquid into a blood vessel to detect extravasation of the liquid comprising providing an electromagnetic microwave detection system including microwave antenna means having a reusable microwave antenna element connected with processing means for responding to changes of microwave emission from the patient representative of extravasation, and a disposable attachment element for securing the antenna element to the patient's skin by means of male and female coupling elements on the attachment element and the antenna element respectively, adhesively securing the attachment element to the patient's skin over an injection site, coupling the antenna element to the attachment element to form the antenna means, using the antenna means to monitor for extravasation during injection of the liquid, uncoupling the antenna element from the attachment element after injection for reuse of the antenna element, and removing the attachment element from the patient's skin for disposal.
2. A system for microwave detection of extravasation of liquid from a blood vessel of a patient into which the liquid is injected, the system including microwave antenna means for receiving microwave emission signals from the patient and processing means connected with the antenna means for responding to changes in said signals representative of extravasation, the antenna means including a reusable antenna element connected to said processing means, a disposable attachment element for adhering to a patient's skin over an injection site, and interfitting male and female coupling means on the attachment element and the antenna element respectively for releasably securing the antenna element on the attachment element in intimate contact with the patient's skin, wherein the reusable antenna element comprises a conductive outer housing, a conductive launching probe within said housing and a dielectric material within said housing separating the launching probe from the housing, further wherein said female element comprises a recess in the dielectric material and the male element comprises a button of like dielectric material on the attachment element to fit in said recess.
22. A method of monitoring electromagnetic microwave emission from a patient during injection of liquid into a blood vessel to detect extravasation of the liquid comprising providing an electromagnetic microwave detection system including microwave antenna means having a reusable microwave antenna element connected with processing means for responding to changes of microwave emission from the patient representative of extravasation, and a disposable attachment element for securing the antenna element to the patient's skin by means of male and female coupling elements on the attachment element and the antenna element respectively, adhesively securing the attachment element to the patient's skin over an injection site, coupling the antenna element to the attachment element to form the antenna means, using the antenna means to monitor for extravasation during injection of the liquid, uncoupling the antenna element form the attachment element after injection for reuse of the antenna element, and removing the attachment element from the patient's skin for disposal, further including the steps of providing the attachment element with a linear measuring scale prior to securing the attachment element to the patient's skin, and using the measuring scale to relate the position of the attachment element relative to a cannula inserted into the blood vessel for performing the liquid injection.
3. The system defined in claim 2, wherein the button comprises a cylindrical larger diameter base portion and a cylindrical smaller diameter upper portion, the upper portion adapted to fit in said recess and the housing of the antenna element having an enlarged skirt portion to receive said base portion of the button.
4. The system defined in claim 2, further including an elongate scale member removably attachable to said button for centering the button relative to a tip of an injection cannula used for injecting liquid into the patient's blood vessel.
5. The system defined in claim 2, wherein the attachment element comprises a flexible carrier film having an adhesive undersurface, the button being located on an upper surface of said carrier film.
6. The system defined in claim 5, wherein the carrier film has a portion surrounding the button with an adhesive upper surface to secure the housing of the antenna element.
7. The system defined in claim 6, further including a sterile envelope enclosing the antenna element with a circular cut-out accommodating a rim portion of said housing and a ring of adhesive around said cut-out.
8. The system defined in claim 6, wherein the carrier film has an extended portion beyond said surrounding portion and the extended portion is covered by a conformal flexible stabilizing layer.
9. The system defined in claim 8, wherein the extended portion has a circular section with at least one radial leg extending outwardly from said circular section.
10. The system defined in claim 9, wherein the leg is provided with a longitudinal scale for centering the button relative to a tip of an injection cannula used for injecting the liquid into the patient's blood vessel.
12. The system defined in claim 11, wherein the processing means further includes an injector head for operating a syringe to inject the liquid, and microprocessor means associated with the injector head and operated by signals received from the radiometer to terminate injection responsive to changes in said signals representative of extravasation.
14. An antenna element as claimed in claim 13, wherein the housing has an enlarged skirt portion under the dielectric material to receive a base portion of a dielectric button which has a smaller upper portion adapted to fit in said recess.
16. An attachment element as claimed in claim 15, further including an elongate measuring scale element releasably attachable to the button for locating the button on a patient's skin relative to the tip of an injection cannula inserted into a blood vessel.
18. An attachment element as claimed in claim 17, wherein the carrier element includes an extension portion surrounding said upper surface portion with a flexible conformal covering layer over said extension portion.
19. An attachment element as claimed in claim 18, wherein the extension portion has a circular configuration with at least one radially outwardly extending leg.
20. An attachment as claimed in claim 19, wherein said leg is provided with a lengthwise measuring scale for locating the button on a patient's skin relative to the tip of an injection cannula inserted into a blood vessel.

This invention relates to an extravasation detection system and apparatus.

Extravasation is the accidental infusion of an injection fluid such as a contrast medium, a medicinal fluid or the like into tissue surrounding a patient's blood vessel, rather than into the vessel itself. Extravasation can be caused, for example, by fragile vasculature, inappropriate needle placement, or patient movement, causing the infusing cannula to be pulled from the intended vessel or to be pushed through the wall of the vessel. Also, it is possible for the injection pressure to cause the fluid to be ejected from the vessel at the site of cannula penetration.

Certain injected fluids, such as those used for contrast enhancement or in chemotherapy can be toxic to tissue if concentrated and not diluted by blood flow through the vessel. Accordingly, it is important to detect an extravasation occurrence quickly so that injection of the fluid can be halted before a large volume of fluid has been injected into the surrounding tissue.

A number of prior art systems have been proposed for extravasation detection. One such system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,647,281 and comprises a microwave antenna which is secured to a patient's skin over an injection site, and a microwave radiometer connected by a coaxial cable to the antenna. The system uses microwave radiation technology to detect abnormal subcutaneous temperature changes in the area of the injection site resulting from extravasation, and to generate a signal responsive to such changes. The signal is used as an alarm to halt injection of the fluid. In one embodiment of the system, two microwave antennas may be used to generate comparative signals between the injection site and an adjacent area of the patient's skin. The patent discloses disposable microwave antennas incorporated in flexible adhesive patches to be attached in conforming relation to the skin, and also indicates that more expensive reusable antennas can be used in the system.

Broadly stated, it is an object of the present invention to provide a microwave extravasation detection system of the general kind disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. patent, which employs a reusable microwave antenna element, and a disposable attachment element for releasably securing the antenna element to a patient's skin over an injection site, in such a manner as to provide intimate contact of the antenna element with the skin, optimizing microwave transfer between the skin and the antenna while shielding the antenna element from environmental noise signals.

With the above arrangement, the antenna element can be a permanent part of an infusion and detection system and the attachment element can be a relatively inexpensive item which can be disposed of after a single use. According to the invention, the attachment element may have an adhesive-backed carrier sheet or film for adherence to the skin and a coupling formation on the carrier sheet which interfits with a complimentary coupling formation on the antenna element, with a male and female connection, so that the coupling formation on the carrier sheet forms, with the antenna element, a composite microwave antenna structure. Thus, in one preferred form of the invention, the coupling formation on the carrier sheet comprises a button of dielectric material which fits intimately into a corresponding recess in dielectric material of the reusable antenna element thereby forming a substantially continuous dielectric antenna mass. Surrounding the button, the carrier sheet may include a further adhesive layer onto which a metallic housing part of the reusable element fits to secure same intimately to the skin.

Pursuant to the above object, therefore, the invention sets out, inter alia, to provide a disposable attachment element for a passive electromagnetic microwave detection antenna, which allows for intimate contact with the skin (no appreciable air gap) and which does not interfere with signal detection. The attachment element includes a mass-producible dielectric coupling material to mate with complimentary dielectric material of the antenna element and to match the electrical impedance of body tissue with that of the antenna so that transcutaneous coupling is maximized. Further, the attachment element provides a geometry for the dielectric material which minimizes leakage of spurious radiation from the environment into the antenna while providing stable orientation of the antenna centered on the tip of the infusing cannula.

Additionally, the attachment element holds the antenna firmly to the patient's skin, while allowing simple detachment and not unduly complicating the infusion procedure. The attachment element provides a sterile barrier between the antenna and the injection site to minimize patient to patient cross-contamination of blood products, while also providing open access to the skin area surrounding the antenna to allow tactile and visual monitoring before, during and after injection.

Further, the attachment element aids in accurate positioning of the antenna over the tip of the infusion cannula and preferably allows attachment of the antenna element at any rotational angle so that the antenna cable will not interfere with the infusion tubing or with the tactile and visual monitoring of the injection site.

The attachment element may also provide a sterile barrier to reduce the possibility of contamination of the reusable antenna element. The attachment should be non-toxic and should simultaneously meet the criteria of high volume manufacture and sterilization without change in its properties. The attachment element should also be designed to maximize signal change when the reusable antenna element is not properly positioned thereon and maximize the possibility that the system can detect this condition.

Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the ensuing description and claims read in conjunction with the attached drawings.

FIG. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic overall view of intravenous infusion apparatus incorporating an extravasation detection system in accordance with the invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a disposable attachment element used in the apparatus for securing a reusable antenna element to a patient's skin.

FIG. 3 is a sectional elevational view of the attachment element and the reusable antenna element.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a modified form of attachment element.

FIG. 5A is a plan view of the reusable antenna element and a detachable cannula guide.

FIG. 5B is an elevational view of the antenna element and guide.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of still another form of attachment element showing its use in locating an antenna element relative to an infusion cannula.

FIG. 7 is an elevational view of the attachment element and cannula shown in FIG. 6.

FIGS. 8A-8C are plan views of yet further forms of attachment elements.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of parts of the detection system showing a protective sterile cover for the reusable antenna element and associated cable.

FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrammatic sectional views of a microwave antenna on a patient's skin showing the improved effects obtainable by use of the invention.

Referring initially to FIG. 1, there is illustrated an intravenous infusion apparatus comprising a known type of injector head 10 operating an infusion syringe 12 which supplies intravenous fluid, such as contrast medium, medication or the like, to a patient through an infusion cannula 14 inserted into a patient's blood vessel, and a connector tube 16. For a complete description of a type of angiographic injector, the head of which is shown at 10, reference is directed to U.S. Pat. No. 4,006,736. Associated with the infusion apparatus is a system for detecting, by microwave emission and detection, accidental extravasation of the fluid into tissue adjacent the injection site should such an event occur, and for terminating the supply of fluid responsive thereto by controlling the injector head accordingly- The detection system comprises a microwave antenna element 18 for receiving microwave signals from the patient's skin in the area of the infusion site, an attachment element 20 for releasably securing the antenna element in intimate contact to the skin over the infusion site, a radiometer 22 for amplifying signals received from the antenna element through a coaxial cable 24 and a power cable 26 connecting the radiometer to a microprocessor or the like (not shown) of the injector, a part of which is the injector head 10.

In use, changes in microwave radiation from the patient caused by extravasation of fluid into tissue adjacent the injection site are detected by the antenna and transmitted via the radiometer in the form of an electric signal to the microprocessor of the injector so that the signal can be used to terminate the supply of injected fluid. The process of microwave detection of extravasation is explained in the above-noted U.S. patent and incorporated herein by reference. The present invention is primarily concerned with the structure of the antenna part of the system for efficiently detecting changes from normal in microwave emission from the patient resulting from extravasation, and other parts of the system will not therefore be described herein in detail. The antenna part of the system, with which the present invention is primarily concerned, comprises the reusable antenna element 18 and the disposable attachment 20 for releasably securing the reusable element in intimate contact with the patient's skin.

Referring to FIG. 3, the antenna element 18 comprises an outer metallic housing 28, conveniently of aluminum, which is connected to the outer conductor of coaxial cable 24, an internal launching probe 30 connected to the center conductor of cable 24, and a mass of dielectric material 32 between the housing and probe effectively filling the interior of the housing. The cable 24 may be connected to antenna element 18 by a screw-on fitting 34 as shown in FIG. 5A.

Reverting to FIG. 3, it will be evident that the dielectric material 32 has a cylindrical recess 36 which, together with an enlarged diameter skirt portion 38 of the housing 28 defines a stepped female receiving formation which is complimentary to and interfits with a stepped dielectric button structure 40 on the disposable attachment element 20 having a larger diameter base portion 41 and a smaller diameter upper portion 43. Like dielectric materials are used in the antenna element 28 and for the button structure 40, and such materials have a high dielectric constant to match the impedance of the antenna to that of a patient's body. Thus, the dielectric constant preferably may be in a range K=9-80±. Examples of a suitable dielectric material are alumina, which has an intrinsically high dielectric constant, or alternatively a low loss tangent material (such as silicone rubber), such material being loaded with a material having a high dielectric constant, such as titanium dioxide. The dielectric material should also have a low dissipation constant, preferably less than 0.002.

With the attachment element adhered to a patient's skin, (as will be described) when the antenna element 18 is positioned on the button structure 40, the effect is to provide a complete microwave antenna assembly which is held in intimate contact with the patient's skin, a part of the antenna assembly being formed by the reusable antenna element 18 and another part of the antenna assembly being formed by the button structure 40 on the disposable attachment element 20.

The stepped configuration of the button structure is preferred to a simple cylinder structure, in that the stepped configuration maximizes reliability of detection of a disconnected or misconnected antenna, the stepped configuration being effectively the largest cylindrically symmetrical shape which can be removed from the reusable element. Using a plane cylindrical shape for the button may not provide a sufficiently effective signal change for reliable detection in case of misplacement of the antenna element. Typical dimensions of the button element 40 may, for example, be: diameter of base portion 0.720"±; height of base portion 0.10"; diameter of upper portion 0.184"±; and height of upper portion 0.15"±.

As shown in FIG. 2, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the button 40 is permanently adhered to a multilayer film 42. The film 42 has an adhesive layer 44 on its underside for contacting the patient's skin, such layer being a medical grade adhesive of moderate tack strength, so as not to irritate the skin on removal. The upper side of film 42 has an adhesive layer 46 of high tack strength, which bonds the film permanently both to the button 40 and also to a stabilizing layer 48 which is made of a conformal film such as polyethylene foam. The stabilizing layer, which may have a thickness of about 5 mils. helps to keep the antenna element oriented perpendicular to the skin surface and centered on the tip of cannula 14. The attachment element shown in FIG. 2 is of a generally circular shape with radiating arms 50A and 50B. The conformal film layer 48 has an annular cut-out portion defining a well 52 around the button and exposing an annular area of the adhesive layer 46 onto which the rim of the outer housing 28 of the antenna element fits, whereby in use, the antenna element is effectively held in intimate contact with the skin. For packaging purposes, the lower adhesive layer is provided with a peel-away release sheet 54, and a similar release sheet (not shown) may be provided for the exposed adhesive surface of well 52.

In use, the area of adhesive on well 52 holds the shielded undersurface of the antenna element intimately to the skin as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 10B and prevents extraneous environmental noise signals and the like degrading the transmission of microwave signal from the patient to the antenna, as may occur if the perimeter of the coupling were to be exposed, as in FIG. 10A thereby allowing the entry of stray radiation. In order to minimize environmental noise leakage into the antenna, the thickness of carrier film 42 and the adhesive layers 44, 46 should each be about 5 mils.

An alternative form of attachment element 20A is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Element 20A is structurally alike to the element 20 previously described except that it includes an additional radial arm 50C provided with a scale 56 which can be used to center the button 40 and thus the antenna element 18 accurately over the tip of an inserted cannula 14, by relating the scale length to the known overall cannula length.

The weight of antenna element 18 and the force exerted by the stiffness of cable 24 between the antenna and the radiometer may tend to push the antenna away from its intended field of view. Accordingly, the attachment element 20, 20A should adhere sufficiently strongly to the skin to maintain the antenna placement, yet not irritate the skin when removed. This requires adequate adhesive surface area, provided inter alia by arms 50, to maintain a stable antenna position if the adhesive tack strength is to be low enough for patient comfort. In cases where loose skin is evident, as on some patients, an increased area of stabilizing film may be necessary to maintain the antenna position even though adhesion to the skin is greater than otherwise required. The requirement for greater adhesive surface area, however, is to be reconciled with the need for tactile and visual monitoring of the injection site before, during and after injection. Thus, a range of disposable attachment elements of different configurations may be provided to meet the needs of different patients. A number of such elements 20B, 20C and 20D are shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8C which provide a range of greater stabilization (FIG. 8A) through greater open area for monitoring (FIG. 8C). Elements 20B-20D are each shown with an integral positioning guide 56A, 56B and 56C, but this may, in each case, be omitted to improve visibility of the injection site.

A simplified form of attachment element 20E is shown in FIG. 4, in which the carrier film 42E does not extend beyond the periphery of the antenna element 18. An advantage of this embodiment is that it provides maximum tactile and visual monitoring of the injection site. While it is not essential for the carrier film and adhesive layers to extend beyond the button 40, adhesive film between the antenna housing 38 and the skin improves the antenna stability and shielding of noise from stray electromagnetic radiation as previously described.

FIGS. 5A and 5B show a detachable guide 60 with scale 62 which can be positioned around button 40E, for example, to position element 20E relative to an inserted cannula as described previously. The detachable guide allows for improved accuracy in placement of the attachment element while maintaining maximum free monitoring area around the injection site.

A further embodiment of the invention, shown in FIG. 9, provides a sterile barrier or envelope 70 of suitable synthetic film, for the antenna element 18, and includes a cut-out 72 for exposing the rim of antenna housing 38 and an adhesive ring 74, around the cut-out for adhering the envelope to the attachment element 20. The envelope prevents contamination of the reusable antenna element.

The various attachment elements described above are relatively inexpensive to manufacture and are intended for disposable once off usage with the reusable parts of the system. While only preferred embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, the invention is not limited thereby and modifications can be made within the scope of the attached claims.

Carr, Kenneth L., Waddell, Seid W., Regan, James F.

Patent Priority Assignee Title
10136865, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioimaging using low dose isotope
10166062, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC High-resolution mapping of tissue with pacing
10231779, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Ablation catheter with high-resolution electrode assembly
10383686, Nov 19 2014 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Ablation systems with multiple temperature sensors
10413212, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Methods and systems for enhanced mapping of tissue
10441191, Jun 02 2008 ROHDE & SCHWARZ GMBH CO KG Measuring device and a method for microwave-based investigation
10499983, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Ablation systems and methods using heat shunt networks
10506943, Sep 05 2007 Sensible Medical Innovations Ltd. Methods and systems for monitoring intrabody tissues
10561336, Sep 05 2007 SENSIBLE MEDICAL INNOVATIONS LTD Method and system for monitoring thoracic tissue fluid
10660701, Nov 19 2014 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Methods of removing heat from an electrode using thermal shunting
10667715, Aug 20 2008 SENSIBLE MEDICAL INNOVATIONS LTD Methods and devices of cardiac tissue monitoring and analysis
10675081, Mar 25 2015 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Contact sensing systems and methods
10722136, Sep 02 2011 Battelle Memorial Institute Wireless and power-source-free extravasation and infiltration detection sensor
10758150, Sep 05 2007 Sensible Medical lnnovations Ltd. Method, system and apparatus for using electromagnetic radiation for monitoring a tissue of a user
10857286, Mar 03 2016 Bayer HealthCare LLC System and method for improved fluid delivery in multi-fluid injector systems
10888373, Apr 27 2017 Epix Therapeutics, Inc.; EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Contact assessment between an ablation catheter and tissue
10893903, Apr 27 2017 Epix Therapeutics, Inc.; EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Medical instruments having contact assessment features
10898638, Mar 03 2016 Bayer HealthCare LLC System and method for improved fluid delivery in multi-fluid injector systems
10964075, Jan 13 2004 Spectrum Dynamics LLC Gating with anatomically varying durations
10987017, Sep 02 2011 Battelle Memorial Institute Distributed extravasation detecton system
11135009, Nov 19 2014 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Electrode assembly with thermal shunt member
11141535, Aug 31 2017 Bayer HealthCare LLC Fluid path impedance assessment for improving fluid delivery performance
11179197, Mar 15 2016 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Methods of determining catheter orientation
11234608, Sep 02 2011 Battelle Memorial Institute Extravasation and infiltration detection device with fluid guide provided on a substrate of the detection device to adjust fluid rate based on detection signal
11278853, Mar 13 2013 Bayer HealthCare LLC Method for controlling fluid accuracy and backflow compensation
11389230, Mar 15 2016 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Systems for determining catheter orientation
11478581, Aug 31 2017 Bayer HealthCare LLC Fluid injector system volume compensation system and method
11529065, Aug 20 2008 Sensible Medical Innovations Ltd. Methods and devices of cardiac tissue monitoring and analysis
11534227, Nov 19 2014 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. High-resolution mapping of tissue with pacing
11564586, Sep 05 2007 Sensible Medical Innovations Ltd. Method and system for monitoring thoracic tissue fluid
11576714, Mar 25 2015 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Contact sensing systems and methods
11598664, Aug 31 2017 Bayer HealthCare LLC Injector pressure calibration system and method
11617618, Apr 27 2017 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Contact assessment between an ablation catheter and tissue
11642167, Nov 19 2014 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Electrode assembly with thermal shunt member
11672902, Mar 03 2016 Bayer HealthCare LLC System and method for improved fluid delivery in multi-fluid injector systems
11701171, Nov 19 2014 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Methods of removing heat from an electrode using thermal shunting
11779702, Aug 31 2017 Bayer HealthCare LLC Method for dynamic pressure control in a fluid injector system
11786652, Aug 31 2017 Bayer HealthCare LLC System and method for drive member position and fluid injector system mechanical calibration
11826553, Aug 31 2017 Bayer HealthCare LLC Fluid path impedance assessment for improving fluid delivery performance
11883143, Sep 02 2011 Battelle Memorial Institute Wireless and power-source-free extravasation and infiltration detection sensor circuitry provided on a substrate with signal splitter
11883144, Sep 02 2011 Battelle Memorial Institute Integrated extravasation and infiltration detection device on a RF isolated flexible substrate with fluid guide to detect fluid changes via signal comparison
11896352, Apr 30 2020 Bayer HealthCare LLC System, device and method for safeguarding the wellbeing of patients for fluid injection
5947910, Jan 14 1994 ACIST MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Extravasation detection technique
5964703, Jan 14 1994 ACIST MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Extravasation detection electrode patch
6375624, Jun 14 1996 Medrad, Inc. Extravasation detector using microwave radiometry
6408204, Jul 28 1999 Bayer HealthCare LLC Apparatuses and methods for extravasation detection
6425878, Feb 28 2001 L.G.MED Ltd. Method and device for detecting extravasation
6459931, Jul 28 1999 Medrad, Inc. Apparatuses and methods for extravasation detection
6623455, Jul 14 1999 LIEBEL-FLARSHEIM COMPANY LLC Medical fluid delivery system
6751500, Jul 28 1999 Bayer HealthCare LLC Apparatuses and methods for extravasation detection
6980852, Jan 25 2002 INOTECH MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Film barrier dressing for intravascular tissue monitoring system
7047058, Feb 06 2001 Bayer HealthCare LLC Apparatuses, systems and methods for extravasation detection
7122012, Jul 26 2001 Bayer HealthCare LLC Detection of fluids in tissue
7169107, Jan 25 2002 INOTECH MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Conductivity reconstruction based on inverse finite element measurements in a tissue monitoring system
7184820, Jan 25 2002 INOTECH MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Tissue monitoring system for intravascular infusion
7546776, Apr 28 2003 NEMOTO KYORINDO CO., LTD. Leak detector for detecting leak of liquid injected into blood vessel using pulse signal
7591792, Jul 26 2001 Bayer HealthCare LLC Electromagnetic sensors for biological tissue applications and methods for their use
7674244, May 23 2006 Bayer HealthCare LLC Devices, systems and methods for detecting increase fluid levels in tissue
7801583, Dec 10 2002 Respinor AS Extravasation detector
7809430, Sep 14 2004 NEMOTO KYORINDO CO , LTD Leak detecting apparatus
7970457, Sep 14 2004 NEMOTO KYORINDO CO., LTD. Leak detecting apparatus
8075514, Mar 28 2003 CAREFUSION 303, INC Infusion data communication system
8235949, Sep 10 2004 Bayer HealthCare LLC Application systems for use with medical devices
8295920, Oct 24 2003 Bayer HealthCare LLC System for detecting fluid changes and sensoring devices therefor
8320999, Apr 28 2003 NEMOTO KYORINDO CO., LTD. Leak detector for detecting leak of liquid injected into blood vessel using pulse signal
8423125, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioimaging
8445851, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioimaging
8481946, Nov 13 2006 Biosensors International Group Ltd. Radioimaging applications of and novel formulations of teboroxime
8489176, Aug 21 2000 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioactive emission detector equipped with a position tracking system and utilization thereof with medical systems and in medical procedures
8492725, Jul 29 2009 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Method and system of optimized volumetric imaging
8521253, Oct 29 2007 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Prostate imaging
8527294, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics, LLC Radiopharmaceutical dispensing, administration, and imaging
8565860, Aug 21 2000 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioactive emission detector equipped with a position tracking system
8571881, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radiopharmaceutical dispensing, administration, and imaging
8586932, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited System and method for radioactive emission measurement
8606349, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioimaging using low dose isotope
8610075, Nov 13 2006 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioimaging applications of and novel formulations of teboroxime
8615405, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Imaging system customization using data from radiopharmaceutical-associated data carrier
8620046, Aug 21 2000 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioactive-emission-measurement optimization to specific body structures
8620679, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radiopharmaceutical dispensing, administration, and imaging
8644910, Jul 19 2005 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Imaging protocols
8676292, Jan 13 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Multi-dimensional image reconstruction
8700133, Jun 18 2012 Smart IV LLC Apparatus and method for monitoring catheter insertion
8748826, Nov 17 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioimaging methods using teboroxime and thallium
8748827, Jul 29 2009 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Method and system of optimized volumetric imaging
8837793, Jul 19 2005 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Reconstruction stabilizer and active vision
8874194, Sep 14 2004 NEMOTO KYORINDO CO., LTD. Leak detecting apparatus
8894974, May 11 2006 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and therapy
8907682, Jul 30 2009 SENSIBLE MEDICAL INNOVATIONS LTD System and method for calibration of measurements of interacted EM signals in real time
8909325, Aug 21 2000 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioactive emission detector equipped with a position tracking system and utilization thereof with medical systems and in medical procedures
8926605, Feb 07 2012 CORAL SAND BEACH, LLC Systems and methods for radiometrically measuring temperature during tissue ablation
8932284, Feb 07 2012 CORAL SAND BEACH, LLC Methods of determining tissue temperatures in energy delivery procedures
8954161, Jun 01 2012 CORAL SAND BEACH, LLC Systems and methods for radiometrically measuring temperature and detecting tissue contact prior to and during tissue ablation
8961506, Mar 12 2012 CORAL SAND BEACH, LLC Methods of automatically regulating operation of ablation members based on determined temperatures
9014814, Jun 01 2012 CORAL SAND BEACH, LLC Methods of determining tissue contact based on radiometric signals
9040016, Jan 13 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Diagnostic kit and methods for radioimaging myocardial perfusion
9226791, Mar 12 2012 CORAL SAND BEACH, LLC Systems for temperature-controlled ablation using radiometric feedback
9275451, Dec 20 2006 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Method, a system, and an apparatus for using and processing multidimensional data
9277961, Mar 12 2012 CORAL SAND BEACH, LLC Systems and methods of radiometrically determining a hot-spot temperature of tissue being treated
9289550, Feb 06 2001 Bayer HealthCare LLC Apparatus and method for detecting fluid extravasation
9316743, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited System and method for radioactive emission measurement
9326686, Mar 12 2012 ivWatch, LLC System and method for mitigating the effects of tissue blood volume changes to aid in diagnosing infiltration or extravasation in animalia tissue
9370333, Jun 01 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioactive-emission-measurement optimization to specific body structures
9470801, Jan 13 2004 Spectrum Dynamics LLC Gating with anatomically varying durations
9510905, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Systems and methods for high-resolution mapping of tissue
9517103, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Medical instruments with multiple temperature sensors
9522036, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Ablation devices, systems and methods of using a high-resolution electrode assembly
9522037, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Treatment adjustment based on temperatures from multiple temperature sensors
9572511, Sep 05 2007 SENSIBLE MEDICAL INNOVATIONS LTD Methods and systems for monitoring intrabody tissues
9572933, Sep 19 2014 Extravasation detection apparatus and methods
9592092, Nov 19 2014 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Orientation determination based on temperature measurements
9597482, Jun 18 2012 Smart IV LLC Apparatus and method for monitoring catheter insertion
9636164, Mar 25 2015 EPIX THERAPEUTICS, INC Contact sensing systems and methods
9943274, Nov 09 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioimaging using low dose isotope
9943278, Jun 01 2004 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioactive-emission-measurement optimization to specific body structures
9993178, Mar 15 2016 Epix Therapeutics, Inc. Methods of determining catheter orientation
RE38695, Jan 14 1994 ACIST MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Extravasation detection electrode patch
RE38879, Jan 14 1994 ACIST MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Extravasation detection technique
Patent Priority Assignee Title
4647281, Feb 20 1985 MICROWAVE MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Infiltration detection apparatus
4653501, Apr 17 1986 NDM ACQUISITION CORP Medical electrode with reusable conductor
////////////
Executed onAssignorAssigneeConveyanceFrameReelDoc
Jun 15 1992REGAN, JAMES F MEDRAD, INC RECORD TO CORRECT ADDRESS FOR THE FIRST ASSIGNEE AND TO ADD THE SECOND ASSIGNEE ERRONEOULSY OMITTED FROM A PREVIOUSLY RECORDED DOCUMENT AT REEL 6423 FRAM 07590068930028 pdf
Jun 15 1992REGAN, JAMES F MEDRAD, INC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST 0064230759 pdf
Jun 15 1992REGAN, JAMES F MICROWAVE MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC ,RECORD TO CORRECT ADDRESS FOR THE FIRST ASSIGNEE AND TO ADD THE SECOND ASSIGNEE ERRONEOULSY OMITTED FROM A PREVIOUSLY RECORDED DOCUMENT AT REEL 6423 FRAM 07590068930028 pdf
Jun 19 1992CARR, KENNETH L MEDRAD, INC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST 0064230759 pdf
Jun 19 1992CARR, KENNETH L MEDRAD, INC RECORD TO CORRECT ADDRESS FOR THE FIRST ASSIGNEE AND TO ADD THE SECOND ASSIGNEE ERRONEOULSY OMITTED FROM A PREVIOUSLY RECORDED DOCUMENT AT REEL 6423 FRAM 07590068930028 pdf
Jun 19 1992CARR, KENNETH L MICROWAVE MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC ,RECORD TO CORRECT ADDRESS FOR THE FIRST ASSIGNEE AND TO ADD THE SECOND ASSIGNEE ERRONEOULSY OMITTED FROM A PREVIOUSLY RECORDED DOCUMENT AT REEL 6423 FRAM 07590068930028 pdf
Jun 25 1992WADDELL, SEID W MICROWAVE MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC ,RECORD TO CORRECT ADDRESS FOR THE FIRST ASSIGNEE AND TO ADD THE SECOND ASSIGNEE ERRONEOULSY OMITTED FROM A PREVIOUSLY RECORDED DOCUMENT AT REEL 6423 FRAM 07590068930028 pdf
Jun 25 1992WADDELL, SEID W MEDRAD, INC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST 0064230759 pdf
Jun 25 1992WADDELL, SEID W MEDRAD, INC RECORD TO CORRECT ADDRESS FOR THE FIRST ASSIGNEE AND TO ADD THE SECOND ASSIGNEE ERRONEOULSY OMITTED FROM A PREVIOUSLY RECORDED DOCUMENT AT REEL 6423 FRAM 07590068930028 pdf
Jun 26 1992Medrad, Inc.(assignment on the face of the patent)
Mar 30 2001MICROWAVE MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC CARR, KENNETH L SECURITY AGREEMENT0116750611 pdf
Mar 30 2001MICROWAVE MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC Meridian Medical Systems, LLCSECURITY AGREEMENT AFFIDAVIT0125690874 pdf
Date Maintenance Fee Events
Dec 09 1997M183: Payment of Maintenance Fee, 4th Year, Large Entity.
Jan 28 2002M184: Payment of Maintenance Fee, 8th Year, Large Entity.
Mar 09 2002ASPN: Payor Number Assigned.
Feb 15 2006REM: Maintenance Fee Reminder Mailed.
Apr 05 2006R1556: Refund - 11.5 yr surcharge - late pmt w/in 6 mo, Large Entity.
Apr 05 2006R1553: Refund - Payment of Maintenance Fee, 12th Year, Large Entity.
May 08 2006M2556: 11.5 yr surcharge- late pmt w/in 6 mo, Small Entity.
May 08 2006M2553: Payment of Maintenance Fee, 12th Yr, Small Entity.
May 09 2006LTOS: Pat Holder Claims Small Entity Status.
May 09 2006SMAL: Entity status set to Small.
May 10 2006R1553: Refund - Payment of Maintenance Fee, 12th Year, Large Entity.
May 10 2006R1556: Refund - 11.5 yr surcharge - late pmt w/in 6 mo, Large Entity.


Date Maintenance Schedule
Aug 02 19974 years fee payment window open
Feb 02 19986 months grace period start (w surcharge)
Aug 02 1998patent expiry (for year 4)
Aug 02 20002 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 4)
Aug 02 20018 years fee payment window open
Feb 02 20026 months grace period start (w surcharge)
Aug 02 2002patent expiry (for year 8)
Aug 02 20042 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 8)
Aug 02 200512 years fee payment window open
Feb 02 20066 months grace period start (w surcharge)
Aug 02 2006patent expiry (for year 12)
Aug 02 20082 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 12)