A sewer chimney system for stabilizing and protecting a chimney pipe interconnecting a service pipe and a main sewer line includes a base for bridging a main sewer line, the base having a hole for accommodating the chimney pipe rising from the main sewer line; a hollow casing vertically mounted on the base and having a lower open end aligned with the hole in the base for receiving the chimney pipe; and having an upper open end for receiving fill about the chimney pipe, the case including a lateral hole for receiving a service pipe for interconnection with the chimney pipe, and a device for attaching the hollow casing to the base for securing it during filling of the casing and during backfilling around the casing.
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5. A sewer chimney system for stabilizing and protecting a chimney pipe interconnecting a service pipe and a main sewer line, comprising:
a base for bridging a main sewer line, said base having a hole for accommodating the chimney pipe rising from the main sewer line; a hollow casing vertically mounted on said base and having a lower open end aligned with said hole in said base for receiving the chimney pipe and having an upper open end for receiving fill about the chimney pipe; said casing including a lateral hole for receiving a service pipe for interconnection with said chimney pipe; and means for attaching said hollow casing to said base for securing it during filling of the casing and during backfilling around the casing including a plurality of retainer clamps spaced about said hole and pivotably attached to said plate, and means for holding said clamps against said casing.
1. An improved sewer chimney system for stabilizing and protecting a chimney pipe interconnecting a service pipe and a main sewer line, comprising:
a base for bridging a main sewer line, said base including a hole for accommodating the chimney pipe rising from the main sewer line, a pair of spaced footings for disposition on either side of the main sewer line, a plate containing said hole, and rail means slidably received on said plate and said footings for slidably positioning said plate over the sewer line; a hollow casing vertically mounted on said base and having a lower open end aligned with said hole in said base for receiving the chimney pipe and having an upper open end for receiving fill about the chimney pipe; said casing including a lateral hole for receiving a service pipe for interconnection with said chimney pipe; and means for attaching said hollow casing to said base for securing it during filling of the casing and during backfilling around the casing.
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RELATED CASE
This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/107,955 filed Aug. 17, 1993 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,299,596, entitled "Sewer Chimney System", by the same inventor.
This invention relates to an improved sewer chimney system for stabilizing and protecting a chimney pipe interconnecting a service pipe and a main sewer line.
Sewer chimney systems are used to surround and protect the generally vertical chimney pipe which rises from a "wye" or "tee" connection at the generally horizontal main sewer line and interconnects at another "wye" or "tee" with the generally horizontal service pipe from a home or business building. One type of chimney system in current use is comprised of a circular cardboard form which is placed around the chimney pipe into which fresh concrete is poured. The fresh concrete is also placed around the "wye" or "tee" below, thereby creating a solid mass of concrete bearing directly on the sewer main. Concrete weighs about 150 pounds per cubic foot as compared to sand or gravel, which weighs about 100 pounds per cubic foot. Most leaks are found to occur at the chimney locations due to differential settling caused by the differential loading.
Fresh concrete, of course, is obtained by calling a concrete mixing plant to deliver the concrete by truck, or the concrete is mixed on the job site with a portable mixer, or by hand. In either case the process is very time consuming and expensive. Another disadvantage is the fact that no backfilling of earth is permitted around this chimney system until the fresh concrete has hardened, which usually means at least the next day, thus also causing a delay in progress.
A second sewer chimney system currently in use consists of a chimney pipe cast within a precast concrete section. The system consists of a precast base section, precast riser section of two, three or four foot height, and a precast top section which consists of the "wye" or "tee" which receives the sewer service pipe. The sections are stacked on each other and bolted together to prevent leakage and toppling.
Once installed, the system can be backfilled with earth. There are several problems associated with such a system. Several pieces of heavy construction equipment are used for the process. On delivery to the job site a front-end loader with operator and a laborer is needed to unload the concrete sections and deposit them at a storage site. The concrete sections are once again picked up at a later date with a front end loader with an operator, a laborer, and possibly a truck and driver for delivery to the work site. The backhoe, which is generally used to excavate the sewer trench, is then used to lift the concrete sections and place them into position over the "wye" or "tee. The sewer main installation is slowed down considerably because the backhoe which should be digging is now installing the precast chimney. A crew of six to eight men plus the equipment is virtually brought to a halt during this phase.
Leaks are a significant problem with this system due to the integration of the chimney pipe within the concrete sections.
The base portion of this precast system, which supports the riser sections and top section, straddles the sewer main. However, this system is capable of causing failure to the sewer main if settlement of the precast concrete sections occurs. Even though the base section straddles the sewer main and is initially set a few inches above the top of the sewer main, settlement due to the excessive weight can cause forces to be exerted on the "wye" or "tee" which is making direct contact with it.
Since there is more than one size of sewer main the contractor must stock at least two (2) different sizes, which increases inventory costs, and must have the correct size or sizes at the installation site or endure further delays and costs until the correct ones are delivered. The manufacture and installation is often complicated by the need for various bolts or fasteners with the attendant wrenches, tools and labor to assemble the devices on site.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an improved sewer chimney system for stabilizing and protecting a chimney pipe.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such an improved sewer chimney system which is lighter in weight and less expensive to deliver and unload at the project site.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such an improved sewer chimney system which is simpler, easier and faster to make and to install.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such an improved sewer chimney system which requires no delay in installation progress.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such an improved sewer chimney system which does not require heavy machinery to transport or install.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such an improved sewer chimney system which uses fill similar or gravel to the surrounding fill and avoids differential loading of the sewer main in the area of the chimney pipe.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such an improved sewer chimney system which can be more easily assembled and disassembled at the installation site.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such an improved sewer chimney system which can be adjusted to accommodate a range of different size sewer mains.
The invention results from the realization that a truly simple, lightweight, inexpensive, easy to install sewer chimney system can be achieved using a base for bridging the main sewer line and a hollow casing rising from the base and surrounding the chimney pipe to permit fill to be disposed between the casing and chimney pipe which fill is similar in weight to fill disposed about the chimney casing wherein the base includes a plate with a hole for accommodating the chimney pipe, a pair of spaced footings for disposition on either side of the main sewer line, and rails slidably received in the plate and the footings to permit the plate to be positioned in accordance with the size of the sewer main.
This invention features an improved sewer chimney system for stabilizing and protecting a chimney pipe interconnecting a service pipe and a main sewer line. There is a base for bridging a main sewer line. The base includes a hole for accommodating the chimney pipe rising from the main sewer line and a pair of spaced footings for disposition on either side of the main sewer line. The base also includes a plate containing that hole and rail means slidably received in the plate and the footings for slidably positioning the plate over the main sewer line. There is also a hollow casing vertically mounted on the base and having a lower open end aligned with the hole in the base for receiving a chimney pipe and having an upper open end for receiving fill about the chimney pipe. The casing includes a lateral hole for receiving a service pipe for interconnection with the chimney pipe. There are means for attaching the hollow casing to the base for securing it during filling of the casing and during backfilling around the casing.
In a preferred embodiment the rail means may include first and second rail assemblies spaced longitudinally along the main sewer pipe. The assemblies may each include a pair of separate rail elements, each element having one end engaged with a footing and the other end engaged with the plate. The pair of separate rail elements may have longitudinal axes which are non-coincident and parallel.
The invention also features an improved sewer chimney system for stabilizing and protecting a chimney pipe interconnecting a service pipe and a main sewer line. There is a base for bridging a main sewer line. The base has a hole for accommodating a chimney pipe rising from the main sewer line. A hollow casing vertically mounted on the base has a lower open end aligned with the hole in the base for receiving the chimney pipe and has an upper open end for receiving fill about the chimney pipe. The casing includes a lateral hole for receiving a service pipe for interconnection with the chimney pipe. There are means for attaching the hollow casing to the base for securing it during filling of the casing and during backfilling around the casing. The means for attaching includes a plurality of retainer clamps spaced about the hole and pivotably attached to the plate. There are also means for holding the clamps against the casing.
In a preferred embodiment the hollow casing is corrugated and each clamp includes a retainer block conformed to at least one corrugation. Each retainer clamp may include pivot mounting means attached to the plate. The pivot mounting means may be integral with the plate. The means for holding may include a tension band surrounding and bearing inwardly on the retainer clamps engaging them with the hollow casing.
Other objects, features and advantages will occur to those skilled in the from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an axonometric view with portions broken away of a sewer chimney system according to this invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a portion of the base of the sewer chimney system shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view taken along lines 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view taken along lines 4--4 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged detail view of a retainer clamp shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the retainer clamp of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the retainer clamp of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the centering clamp of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a top plan view of an integrally formed base similar to that of FIG. 2;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line 11--11 of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line 12--12 of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13A is a three-dimensional view of another embodiment of the invention with the upper portion of the casing broken away;
FIG. 13B is an enlarged three-dimensional detailed view of one of the retaining clamps shown in FIG. 13;
FIG. 14 is a top plan view of the base of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a side sectional view taken along line 15--15 of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a top, plan, broken away, view of a corner of the base showing the engagement of the tension cable and the clamps with the vertical casing; and
FIG. 17 is a side view with portions broken away of the apparatus shown in FIG. 16.
There is shown in FIG. 1 a sewer chimney system 10 according to this invention which includes base 12 and vertically rising chimney casing 14. Casing 14 may be made of any suitable material such as plastic or metal and is conveniently implemented with conventional drainage or sewage pipe such as ADS N-12 pipe manufactured by Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., which, as shown, is corrugated in form. The ADS pipe is strong enough to support earth loads in the vertical and even in the horizontal position but is much lighter even than the till used. Base 12 may also be made of any suitable material such as concrete, plastic, or metal such as cast iron. Sewer chimney system 10 sits astride main sewer line 16 and surrounds and protects chimney pipe 18 which rises from main sewer line 16 at "wye" or "tee" connection 20. Chimney pipe 18 is sealed at its upper end by cap 22 and is interconnected through hole 25 in casing 14 with service pipe 24 from a home or business by means of another "wye" or "tee" connection 26. Base 12 includes two footings 30, 32 which extend generally parallel to and spaced from main sewer line 16. A pair of bridge elements 34, 36 straddle main sewer line 16 from footing 30 to footing 32. Plate 38 is mounted on top of bridge elements 34 and 36 and includes a hole 40 communicating with the lower open end 42 of chimney casing 14. The upper open end 44 of chimney easing 14 is centered about chimney pipe 18 by means of centering clamp 46 which includes band 48 that surrounds cap 22 and three threaded rods 50, 52 and 54 whose inner ends engage cap 22 and whose outer ends engage the rim of upper open end 44 of chimney casing 14.
With this construction, chimney pipe 18 is stabilized and protected by casing 14 so that initially fill can be poured between casing 14 and chimney pipe 18 to fill and surround the area between chimney pipe 18 and base 12 as well as between chimney pipe 18 and casing 14. Hole 40 in plate 38 permits the fill introduced at upper hole 44 of casing 14 to fall through to the ground level and surround main sewer line 16 as well as "wye" or "tee" connection 18 at the lower portion of chimney pipe 18. Following this, normal backfill is occasioned whereby similar materials are used to backfill around the outside of casing 14. In this way chimney pipe 18 is stabilized and protected and the weight applied to sewer line 16 is similar over its entire length including the area of interconnection of chimney pipe 18 and "wye" or "tee" connection 20.
Base 12 includes a plurality of retainer clamps 60, 62, 64 (not shown) and 66 which grip and secure casing 14 to plate 38. Footings 30, 32, bridge elements 34, 36, and plate 38 may be separately formed elements. Plate 38 may include four ears 70, shown more clearly in FIGS. 2-4, which employ bolts 72 to attach to bridge elements 34 and 36. Bridge elements 34 and 36 may in turn attach to footings 30 and 32 using four ears 74 and four bolts 76. Each retainer clamp 60, 62, 64 and 66, FIGS. 5-7, may include a vertical riser portion 80 and an inwardly directed horizontal retainer element 82 on top. Retainer block 84 fits against riser 80 and under retainer element 82 so that it is securely held in place while its curved surface 86 conforms to and grips the corrugations of chimney casing 14. A spike 88 may be driven through block 84 to keep it from sliding with respect to retainer clamp 60 and casing 14.
Band 48, FIG. 8, of centering clamp 46 includes three threaded bearings 90, 92 and 94, which receive the threaded ends of rods 50, 52 and 54, respectively. At the end of each rod is an enlarged head 96, 98 and 100 which bears on pipe 18 or cap 22 by the action of turning threaded rods in thread bearings 90, 92 and 94. The outer end of each rod includes a downward-extending portion or hook 102, 104 and 106, as better seen in FIG. 9, which extends over and grips casing 14.
Although base 12, FIG. 1, has been depicted as made of individual elements, this is not a necessary limitation of the invention, as base 12a, FIGS. 10, 11 and 12,may be integrally formed so that footings 30a, 32a, bridge elements 34a and 36a, and plate 38a are all formed as a single unit, for example as an iron, plastic or cement casting.
There is shown in FIG. 13A another embodiment of the invention which employs an adjustable base that can be used for a range of different size sewer mains and also employs a simplified attachment mechanism.
In FIG. 13A base 12a includes two footings 30a, 32a which extend generally parallel to and spaced from main sewer line 16. Rail means such as bars or rods 120 and 122 are slidably mounted in bores 124 and 126 of footing 30a. The rail means also includes another pair of bars or rods 128 and 130 which are slidably received in bores 134 and 136 of footing 32a. Rods 120, 122, 128 and 130 are also slidably receivable in plate 38a of base 12a as is shown and will be discussed in more detail in FIG. 14. The means for attaching casing 14 to plate 38a of base 12a includes a tension band 140, FIG. 13A, which applies an inward force against a plurality of retaining clamps 142, 144, 146 and 148 (not shown in FIG. 13A but visible in FIG. 14). Each retaining clamp 142-148, FIG. 13B, includes a pair of mounting ears 150 and 152 which are fixed to plate 38a and a pivotable member 154 which has a curved surface 156 that conforms to one or more corrugations of casing 14. On the back side of pivotable member 154 is a notch or groove 158 for receiving tension band 140. A bolt 160 held in place by a wing nut 162 acts as the pivot pin for the pivoting of member 154.
The location of retaining clamps 142-148 is more clearly visible from the plan view of FIG. 14 which also shows in phantom the engagement of rods 120, 122, 128 and 130 with bores 124, 126, 134 and 136, respectively, in footings 30a and 32a, respectively. The engagement of rods 120, 122, 128 and 130 with similar bores 170, 172, 174 and 178, respectively, in plate 38a of base 12a is also shown in FIG. 14 and in FIG. 15. As can be seen in FIG. 14, the longitudinal axes 180, 182 of rods 120 and 122 are parallel to but not aligned with, i.e., they are spaced from, the longitudinal axes 184 and 186 of rods 128 and 130, respectively. This is done so that the rods may be removed or replaced even after the chimney system 10 is installed in a trench over a sewer main. Typically these trenches are quite narrow and leave little room on either side of the system 10 to remove or insert such rods. In fact, by using separate rods 120 and 128 rather than one continuous rod, and by positioning them laterally spaced with respect to one another at least in one plane, it is possible to remove and replace one of the rods without actually having to pull the entire system out of the trench.
The installation of stainless steel tension band 140 in notch or channel 158 can be seen more readily in FIGS. 16 and 17, where tension strap 140 is urging the multiple surface convolutions 200 of surface 156 of pivotable member 154 to engage similar convolutions 202 of corrugated casing 14 and thereby hold casing 14 against plate 38a of base 12a.
Although specific features of this invention are shown in some drawings and not others, this is for convenience only as each feature may be combined with any or all of the other features in accordance with the invention.
Other embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art and are within the following claims:
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