Novel nucleic acid sequences isolated from Photorhabdus luminescens, whose expression results in novel insecticidal toxins, are disclosed herein. The invention also discloses compositions and formulations containing the insecticidal toxins that are capable of controlling insect pests. The invention is further drawn to methods of making the toxins and to methods of using the nucleotide sequences, for example in microorganisms to control insect pests or in transgenic plants to confer insect resistance.
|
1. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising sequence that encodes at least one toxin that is active against lepidopteran and coleopteran insects, wherein said nucleotide sequence encodes the amino acid sequence set forth in SEO ID NO:12, SEQ ID NO:13 or SEQ ID NO:14.
2. An isolated nucleic acid molecule according to
3. An isolated nucleic acid molecule according to
4. An isolated nucleic acid molecule according to
5. An isolated nucleic acid molecule according to
6. An isolated nucleic acid molecule according to
7. An isolated nucleic acid molecule according to
8. An isolated nucleic acid molecule acording to
9. An isolated nucleic acid molecule according to
10. an isolated nuleic aciid molecule according to
11. A chimeric gene comprising a heterologous promoter sequence opeatively linked to the nucleic acid molecule of
12. A recombinant vector comprising the chimeric gene of
13. A transgenic host cell comprising the chimeric gene of
14. A transgenic host cell according to
15. A transgenic plant comprising the transgenic plant cell of
16. A transgenic plant acoording to
17. Seed from the transgenic plant of
18. Seed from the transgenic plant of
19. A method of producing an insect-resistant plant, comprising introducing a nuleic acid molecule according to
20. The method of
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/116,439, filed Jan. 20, 1999, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/126,433, filed Feb. 20, 1998 now abandoned.
The invention relates to novel toxins from Photorhabdus luminescens, nucleic acid sequences whose expression results in said toxins, and methods of making and methods of using the toxins and corresponding nucleic acid sequences to control insects.
Insect pests are a major cause of crop losses. Solely in the US, about $7.7 billion are lost every year due to infestation by various genera of insects. In addition to losses in field crops, insect pests are also a burden to vegetable and fruit growers, to producers of ornamental flowers, and they are a nuisance to gardeners and home owners.
Insect pests are mainly controlled by intensive applications of chemical insecticides, which are active through inhibition of insect growth, prevention of insect feeding or reproduction, or death of the insects. Good insect control can thus be reached, but these chemicals can sometimes also affect other, beneficial insects. Another problem resulting from the wide use of chemical pesticides is the appearance of resistant insect varieties. This has been partially alleviated by various resistance management strategies, but there is an increasing need for alternative pest control agents. Biological insect control agents, such as Bacillus thuringiensis strains expressing insecticidal toxins like d-endotoxins, have also been applied with satisfactory results, offering an alternative or a complement to chemical insecticides. Recently, the genes coding for some of these d-endotoxins have been isolated and their expression in heterologous hosts have been shown to provide another tool for the control of economically important insect pests. In particular, the expression of insecticidal toxins in transgenic plants, such as Bacillus thuringiensis d-endotoxins, has provided efficient protection against selected insect pests, and transgenic plants expressing such toxins have been commercialized, allowing farmers to reduce applications of chemical insect control agents. Yet, even in this case, the development of resistance remains a possibility and only a few specific insect pests are controllable. Consequently, there remains a long-felt but unfulfilled need to discover new and effective insect control agents that provide an economic benefit to farmers and that are environmentally acceptable.
The present invention addresses the need for novel insect control agents. Particularly needed are control agents that are targeted to economically important insect pests and that efficiently control insect strains resistant to existing insect control agents. Furthermore, agents whose application minimizes the burden on the environment are desirable.
In the search of novel insect control agents, certain classes of nematodes from the genera Heterorhabdus and Steinernema are of particular interest because of their insecticidal properties. They kill insect larvae and their offspring feed in the dead larvae. Indeed, the insecticidal activity is due to symbiotic bacteria living in the nematodes. These symbiotic bacteria are Photorhabdus in the case of Heterorhabdus and Xenorhabdus in the case of Steinernema.
The present invention is drawn to nucleic acid sequences isolated from Photorhabdus luminescens, and sequences substantially similar thereto, whose expression results in toxins that are highly toxic to economically important insect pests, particularly insect pests that infest plants. The invention is further drawn to the toxins resulting from the expression of the nucleic acid sequences, and to compositions and formulations containing the toxins, which are capable of inhibiting the ability of insect pests to survive, grow or reproduce, or of limiting insect-related damage or loss in crop plants. The invention is further drawn to a method of making the toxins and to methods of using the nucleic acid sequences, for example in microorganisms to control insects or in transgenic plants to confer insect resistance, and to a method of using the toxins, and compositions and formulations comprising the toxins, for example applying the toxins or compositions or formulations to insect-infested areas, or to prophylactically treat insect-susceptible areas or plants to confer protection or resistance to the insects.
The novel toxins are highly active against insects. For example, a number of economically important insect pests, such as the Lepidopterans Plutella xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm), Helicoverpa zea (Corn Earworm), Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm), Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm), and Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm), as well as the Coleopterans Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm), Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm), and Leptinotarsa decimlineata (Colorado Potato Beetle) can be controlled by one or more of the toxins. The toxins can be used in multiple insect control strategies, resulting in maximal efficiency with minimal impact on the environment.
According to one aspect, the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising: (a) a nucleotide sequence substantially similar to a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: nucleotides 412-1665 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 1686-2447 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 2758-3318 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 3342-4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 4515-9269 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 15,171-18,035 of SEQ ID NO:11, and nucleotides 31,393-35,838 of SEQ ID NO:11; (b) a nucleotide sequence comprising nucleotides 23,768-31,336 of SEQ ID NO:11; or (c) a nucleotide sequence isocoding with the nucleotide sequence of (a) or (b); wherein expression of the nucleic acid molecule results in at least one toxin that is active against insects.
In one embodiment of this aspect, the nucleotide sequence is isocoding with a nucleotide sequence substantially similar to nucleotides 412-1665 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 1686-2447 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 2758-3318 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 3342-4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, or nucleotides 4515-9269 of SEQ ID NO:1. Preferably, the nucleotide sequence is substantially similar to nucleotides 412-1665 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 1686-2447 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 2758-3318 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 3342-4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, or nucleotides 4515-9269 of SEQ ID NO:1. More preferably, the nucleotide sequence encodes an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:2-6. Most preferably, the nucleotide sequence comprises nucleotides 412-1665 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 1686-2447 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 2758-3318 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 3342-4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, or nucleotides 4515-9269 of SEQ ID NO:1.
In another embodiment of this aspect, the nucleotide sequence is isocoding with a nucleotide sequence substantially similar to nucleotides 15,171-18,035 of SEQ ID NO:11. Preferably, the nucleotide sequence is substantially similar to nucleotides 15,171-18,035 of SEQ ID NO:11. More preferably, the nucleotide sequence encodes the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:12. Most preferably, the nucleotide sequence comprises nucleotides 15,171-18,035 of SEQ ID NO:11.
In still another embodiment of this aspect, the nucleotide sequence is isocoding with a nucleotide sequence substantially similar to nucleotides 31,393-35,838 of SEQ ID NO:11. Preferably, the nucleotide sequence is substantially similar to nucleotides 31,393-35,838 of SEQ ID NO:11. More preferably, the nucleotide sequence encodes the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:14. Most preferably, the nucleotide sequence comprises nucleotides 31,393-35,838 of SEQ ID NO:11.
In yet another embodiment of this aspect, the nucleotide sequence encodes the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:13, and preferably comprises nucleotides 23,768-31,336 of SEQ ID NO:11.
In one embodiment, the nucleotide sequence of the invention comprises the approximately 9.7 kb DNA fragment harbored in E. coli strain DH5a, designated as NRRL accession number B-21835.
In another embodiment, the nucleotide sequence of the invention comprises the approximately 38 kb DNA fragment harbored in E. coli strain DH5a, designated as NRRL accession number B-30077.
In still another embodiment, the nucleotide sequence of the invention comprises the approximately 22.2 kb DNA fragment harbored in E. coli strain DH5a, designated as NRRL accession number B-30078.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the toxins resulting from expression of the nucleic acid molecules of the invention have activity against Lepidopteran insects. Preferably, according to this embodiment, the toxins have activity against Plutella xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm),Helicoverpa zea (Corn Earworm), Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm), and Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm).
According to another embodiment of the invention, the toxins resulting from expression of the nucleic acid molecule of the invention have activity against Lepidopteran and Coleopteran insects. Preferably, according to this embodiment, the toxins have insecticidal activity against Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), and Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm),Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm), and Leptinotarsa decimlineata (Colorado Potato Beetle).
In another aspect, the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a 20 base pair nucleotide portion identical in sequence to a consecutive 20 base pair nucleotide portion of a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: nucleotides 412-1665 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 1686-2447 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 2758-3318 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 3342-4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 4515-9269 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 15,171-18,035 of SEQ ID NO:11, and nucleotides 31,393-35,838 of SEQ ID NO:11, wherein expression of the nucleic acid molecule results in at least one toxin that is active against insects.
In one embodiment of this aspect, the isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises a 20 base pair nucleotide portion identical in sequence to a consecutive 20 base pair nucleotide portion of nucleotides 412-1665 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 1686-2447 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 2758-3318 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 3342-4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, or nucleotides 4515-9269 of SEQ ID NO:1.
In another embodiment of this aspect, the isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises a 20 base pair nucleotide portion identical in sequence to a consecutive 20 base pair nucleotide portion of nucleotides 15,171-18,035 of SEQ ID NO:11.
In still another embodiment of this aspect, the isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises a 20 base pair nucleotide portion identical in sequence to a consecutive 20 base pair nucleotide portion of nucleotides 31,393-35,838 of SEQ ID NO:11.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence from Photorhabdus luminescens selected from the group consisting of: nucleotides 412-1665 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 1686-2447 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 2758-3318 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 3342-4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 4515-9269 of SEQ ID NO:1, nucleotides 66-1898 of SEQ ID NO:11, nucleotides 2416-9909 of SEQ ID NO:11, the complement of nucleotides 2817-3395 of SEQ ID NO:11, nucleotides 9966-14,633 of SEQ ID NO:11, nucleotides 14,699-15,007 of SEQ ID NO:11, nucleotides 15,171-18,035 of SEQ ID NO:l1, the complement of nucleotides 17,072-17,398 of SEQ ID NO:11, the complement of nucleotides 18,235-19,167 of SEQ ID NO:11, the complement of nucleotides 19,385-20,116 of SEQ ID NO:11, the complement of nucleotides 20,217-20,963 of SEQ ID NO:11, the complement of nucleotides 22,172-23,086 of SEQ ID NO:11, nucleotides 23,768-31,336 of SEQ ID NO:11, nucleotides 31,393-35,838 of SEQ ID NO:11, the complement of nucleotides 35,383-35,709 of SEQ ID NO:11, the complement of nucleotides 36,032-36,661 of SEQ ID NO:11, and the complement of nucleotides 36,654-37,781 of SEQ ID NO:l1.
The present invention also provides a chimeric gene comprising a heterologous promoter sequence operatively linked to the nucleic acid molecule of the invention. Further, the present invention provides a recombinant vector comprising such a chimeric gene. Still further, the present invention provides a host cell comprising such a chimeric gene. A host cell according to this aspect of the invention may be a bacterial cell, a yeast cell, or a plant cell, preferably a plant cell. Even further, the present invention provides a plant comprising such a plant cell. Preferably, the plant is maize.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides toxins produced by the expression of DNA molecules of the present invention.
According to one embodiment, the toxins of the invention have activity against Lepidopteran insects, preferably against Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm),Helicoverpa zea (Corn Earworm), Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm), and Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm).
According to another embodiment, the toxins of the invention have activity against Lepidopteran and Coleopteran insects, preferably against Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), and Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm),Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm), and Leptinotarsa decimlineata (Colorado Potato Beetle).
In one embodiment, the toxins are produced by the E. coli strain designated as NRRL accession number B-21835.
In another embodiment, the toxins are produced by E. coli strain designated as NRRL accession number B-30077.
In still another embodiment, the toxins are produced by E. coli strain designated as NRRL accession number B-30078.
In one embodiment, a toxin of the invention comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs:2-6.
In another embodiment, a toxin of the invention comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs:12-14.
The present invention also provides a composition comprising an insecticidally effective amount of a toxin according to the invention.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of producing a toxin that is active against insects, comprising: (a) obtaining a host cell comprising a chimeric gene, which itself comprises a heterologous promoter sequence operatively linked to the nucleic acid molecule of the invention; and (b) expressing the nucleic acid molecule in the cell, which results in at least one toxin that is active against insects.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method of producing an insect-resistant plant, comprising introducing a nucleic acid molecule of the invention into the plant, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is expressible in the plant in an effective amount to control insects. According to one embodiment, the insects are Lepidopteran insects, preferably selected from the group consisting of: Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm),Helicoverpa zea (Corn Earworm), Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm), and Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm). According to another embodiment, the insects are Lepidopteran and Coleopteran insects, preferably selected from the group consisting of: Plutella xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), and Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm),Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm), and Leptinotarsa. decimlineata (Colorado Potato Beetle).
In still a further aspect, the present invention provides a method of controlling insects comprising delivering to the insects an effective amount of a toxin according to the present invention. According to one embodiment, the insects are Lepidopteran insects, preferably selected from the group consisting of: Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm),Helicoverpa zea (Corn Earworm), Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm), and Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm). According to another embodiment, the insects are Lepidopteran and Coleopteran insects, preferably selected from the group consisting of: Plutella xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), and Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm),Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm), and Leptinotarsa decimlineata (Colorado Potato Beetle). Preferably, the toxin is delivered to the insects orally.
Yet another aspect of the present invention is the provision of a method for mutagenizing a nucleic acid molecule according to the present invention, wherein the nucleic acid molecule has been cleaved into population of double-stranded random fragments of a desired size, comprising: (a) adding to the population of double-stranded random fragments one or more single- or double-stranded oligonucleotides, wherein the oligonucleotides each comprise an area of identity and an area of heterology to a double-stranded template polynucleotide; (b) denaturing the resultant mixture of double-stranded random fragments and oligonucleotides into single-stranded fragments; (c) incubating the resultant population of single-stranded fragments with a polymerase under conditions which result in the annealing of the single-stranded fragments at the areas of identity to form pairs of annealed fragments, the areas of identity being sufficient for one member of a pair to prime replication of the other, thereby forming a mutagenized double-stranded polynucleotide; and (d) repeating the second and third steps for at least two further cycles, wherein the resultant mixture in the second step of a further cycle includes the mutagenized double-stranded polynucleotide from the third step of the previous cycle, and wherein the further cycle forms a further mutagenized double-stranded polynucleotide.
Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a study of the following description of the invention and non-limiting examples.
"Activity" of the toxins of the invention is meant that the toxins function as orally active insect control agents, have a toxic effect, or are able to disrupt or deter insect feeding, which may or may not cause death of the insect. When a toxin of the invention is delivered to the insect, the result is typically death of the insect, or the insect does not feed upon the source that makes the toxin available to the insect.
"Associated with/operatively linked" refer to two nucleic acid sequences that are related physically or functionally. For example, a promoter or regulatory DNA sequence is said to be "associated with" a DNA sequence that codes for an RNA or a protein if the two sequences are operatively linked, or situated such that the regulator DNA sequence will affect the expression level of the coding or structural DNA sequence.
A "chimeric gene" is a recombinant nucleic acid sequence in which a promoter or regulatory nucleic acid sequence is operatively linked to, or associated with, a nucleic acid sequence that codes for an mRNA or which is expressed as a protein, such that the regulator nucleic acid sequence is able to regulate transcription or expression of the associated nucleic acid sequence. The regulator nucleic acid sequence of the chimeric gene is not normally operatively linked to the associated nucleic acid sequence as found in nature.
A "coding sequence" is a nucleic acid sequence that is transcribed into RNA such as mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, snRNA, sense RNA or antisense RNA. Preferably the RNA is then translated in an organism to produce a protein.
To "control" insects means to inhibit, through a toxic effect, the ability of insect pests to survive, grow, feed, and/or reproduce, or to limit insect-related damage or loss in crop plants. To "control" insects may or may not mean killing the insects, although it preferably means killing the insects.
To "deliver" a toxin means that the toxin comes in contact with an insect, resulting in toxic effect and control of the insect. The toxin can be delivered in many recognized ways, e.g., orally by ingestion by the insect or by contact with the insect via transgenic plant expression, formulated protein composition(s), sprayable protein composition(s), a bait matrix, or any other art-recognized toxin delivery system.
"Expression cassette" as used herein means a nucleic acid sequence capable of directing expression of a particular nucleotide sequence in an appropriate host cell, comprising a promoter operably linked to the nucleotide sequence of interest which is operably linked to termination signals. It also typically comprises sequences required for proper translation of the nucleotide sequence. The expression cassette comprising the nucleotide sequence of interest may be chimeric, meaning that at least one of its components is heterologous with respect to at least one of its other components. The expression cassette may also be one which is naturally occurring but has been obtained in a recombinant form useful for heterologous expression. Typically, however, the expression cassette is heterologous with respect to the host, i.e., the particular nucleic acid sequence of the expression cassette does not occur naturally in the host cell and must have been introduced into the host cell or an ancestor of the host cell by a transformation event. The expression of the nucleotide sequence in the expression cassette may be under the control of a constitutive promoter or of an inducible promoter which initiates transcription only when the host cell is exposed to some particular external stimulus. In the case of a multicellular organism, such as a plant, the promoter can also be specific to a particular tissue, or organ, or stage of development.
A "gene" is a defined region that is located within a genome and that, besides the aforementioned coding nucleic acid sequence, comprises other, primarily regulatory, nucleic acid sequences responsible for the control of the expression, that is to say the transcription and translation, of the coding portion. A gene may also comprise other 5' and 3' untranslated sequences and termination sequences. Further elements that may be present are, for example, introns.
"Gene of interest" refers to any gene which, when transferred to a plant, confers upon the plant a desired characteristic such as antibiotic resistance, virus resistance, insect resistance, disease resistance, or resistance to other pests, herbicide tolerance, improved nutritional value, improved performance in an industrial process or altered reproductive capability. The "gene of interest" may also be one that is transferred to plants for the production of commercially valuable enzymes or metabolites in the plant.
A "heterologous" nucleic acid sequence is a nucleic acid sequence not naturally associated with a host cell into which it is introduced, including non-naturally occurring multiple copies of a naturally occurring nucleic acid sequence.
A "homologous" nucleic acid sequence is a nucleic acid sequence naturally associated with a host cell into which it is introduced.
"Homologous recombination" is the reciprocal exchange of nucleic acid fragments between homologous nucleic acid molecules.
"Insecticidal" is defined as a toxic biological activity capable of controlling insects, preferably by killing them.
A nucleic acid sequence is "isocoding with" a reference nucleic acid sequence when the nucleic acid sequence encodes a polypeptide having the same amino acid sequence as the polypeptide encoded by the reference nucleic acid sequence.
An "isolated" nucleic acid molecule or an isolated enzyme is a nucleic acid molecule or enzyme that, by the hand of man, exists apart from its native environment and is therefore not a product of nature. An isolated nucleic acid molecule or enzyme may exist in a purified form or may exist in a non-native environment such as, for example, a recombinant host cell.
A "nucleic acid molecule" or "nucleic acid sequence" is a linear segment of single- or double-stranded DNA or RNA that can be isolated from any source. In the context of the present invention, the nucleic acid molecule is preferably a segment of DNA.
"ORF" means open reading frame.
A "plant" is any plant at any stage of development, particularly a seed plant.
A "plant cell" is a structural and physiological unit of a plant, comprising a protoplast and a cell wall. The plant cell may be in form of an isolated single cell or a cultured cell, or as a part of higher organized unit such as, for example, plant tissue, a plant organ, or a whole plant.
"Plant cell culture" means cultures of plant units such as, for example, protoplasts, cell culture cells, cells in plant tissues, pollen, pollen tubes, ovules, embryo sacs, zygotes and embryos at various stages of development.
"Plant material" refers to leaves, stems, roots, flowers or flower parts, fruits, pollen, egg cells, zygotes, seeds, cuttings, cell or tissue cultures, or any other part or product of a plant.
A "plant organ" is a distinct and visibly structured and differentiated part of a plant such as a root, stem, leaf, flower bud, or embryo.
"Plant tissue" as used herein means a group of plant cells organized into a structural and functional unit. Any tissue of a plant in planta or in culture is included. This term includes, but is not limited to, whole plants, plant organs, plant seeds, tissue culture and any groups of plant cells organized into structural and/or functional units. The use of this term in conjunction with, or in the absence of, any specific type of plant tissue as listed above or otherwise embraced by this definition is not intended to be exclusive of any other type of plant tissue.
A "promoter" is an untranslated DNA sequence upstream of the coding region that contains the binding site for RNA polymerase 11 and initiates transcription of the DNA. The promoter region may also include other elements that act as regulators of gene expression.
A "protoplast" is an isolated plant cell without a cell wall or with only parts of the cell wall.
"Regulatory elements" refer to sequences involved in controlling the expression of a nucleotide sequence. Regulatory elements comprise a promoter operably linked to the nucleotide sequence of interest and termination signals. They also typically encompass sequences required for proper translation of the nucleotide sequence.
In its broadest sense, the term "substantially similar"when used herein with respect to a nucleotide sequence, means a nucleotide sequence corresponding to a reference nucleotide sequence, wherein the corresponding sequence encodes a polypeptide having substantially the same structure and function as the polypeptide encoded by the reference nucleotide sequence, e.g. where only changes in amino acids not affecting the polypeptide function occur. Desirably the substantially similar nucleotide sequence encodes the polypeptide encoded by the reference nucleotide sequence. The percentage of identity between the substantially similar nucleotide sequence and the reference nucleotide sequence desirably is at least 80%, more desirably at least 85%, preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, still more preferably at least 99%. A nucleotide sequence "substantially similar" to reference nucleotide sequence hybridizes to the reference nucleotide sequence in 7% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 0.5 M NaPO4, 1 mM EDTA at 50°C with washing in 2×SSC, 0.1% SDS at 50°C, more desirably in 7% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 0.5 M NaPO4, 1 mM EDTA at 50°C with washing in 1×SSC, 0.1% SDS at 50°C, more desirably still in 7% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 0.5 M NaPO4, 1 mM EDTA at 50°C with washing in 0.5×SSC, 0.1% SDS at 50°C, preferably in 7% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 0.5 M NaPO4, 1 mM EDTA at 50°C with washing in 0.1×SSC, 0.1% SDS at 50°C, more preferably in 7% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 0.5 M NaPO4, 1 mM EDTA at 50°C with washing in 0.1×SSC, 0.1% SDS at 65°C
"Synthetic" refers to a nucleotide sequence comprising structural characters that are not present in the natural sequence. For example, an artificial sequence that resembles more closely the G+C content and the normal codon distribution of dicot and/or monocot genes is said to be synthetic.
"Transformation" is a process for introducing heterologous nucleic acid into a host cell or organism. In particular, "transformation" means the stable integration of a DNA molecule into the genome of an organism of interest.
"Transformed/transgenic/recombinant" refer to a host organism such as a bacterium or a plant into which a heterologous nucleic acid molecule has been introduced. The nucleic acid molecule can be stably integrated into the genome of the host or the nucleic acid molecule can also be present as an extrachromosomal molecule. Such an extrachromosomal molecule can be auto-replicating. Transformed cells, tissues, or plants are understood to encompass not only the end product of a transformation process, but also transgenic progeny thereof. A "non-transformed", "non-transgenic", or "non-recombinant" host refers to a wild-type organism, e.g., a bacterium or plant, which does not contain the heterologous nucleic acid molecule.
Nucleotides are indicated by their bases by the following standard abbreviations: adenine (A), cytosine (C), thymine (T), and guanine (G). Amino acids are likewise indicated by the following standard abbreviations: alanine (Ala; A), arginine (Arg; R), asparagine (Asn; N), aspartic acid (Asp; D), cysteine (Cys; C), glutamine (Gln; Q), glutamic acid (Glu; E), glycine (Gly; G), histidine (His; H), isoleucine (lie; I), leucine (Leu; L), lysine (Lys; K), methionine (Met; M), phenylalanine (Phe; F), proline (Pro; P), serine (Ser; S), threonine (Thr; T), tryptophan (Trp; W), tyrosine (Tyr; Y), and valine (Val; V). Furthermore, (Xaa; X) represents any amino acid.
SEQ ID NO:1 is the sequence of the approximately 9.7 kb DNA fragment comprised in pCIB9359-7 which comprises the following ORFs at the specified nucleotide positions:
TBL Name Start End orf1 412 1665 orf2 1686 2447 orf3 2758 3318 orf4 3342 4118 orf5 4515 9269SEQ ID NO:2 is the sequence of the ∼46.4 kDa protein encoded by orf1 of SEQ ID NO:1.
SEQ ID NO:3 is the sequence of the ∼28.1 kDa protein encoded by orf2 of SEQ ID NO:1.
SEQ ID NO:4 is the sequence of the ∼20.7 kDa protein encoded by orf3 of SEQ ID NO:1.
SEQ ID NO:5 is the sequence of the ∼28.7 kDa protein encoded by orf4 of SEQ ID NO:1.
SEQ ID NO:6 is the sequence of the ∼176 kDa protein encoded by orf5 of SEQ ID NO:1.
SEQ ID NOs:7-10 are oligonucleotides.
SEQ ID NO:11 is the sequence of the approximately 38 kb DNA fragment comprised in pNOV2400, which comprises the following ORFs at the specified nucleotide positions (descending numbers and "C" indicates that the ORF is on the complementary strand):
TBL Name Start End orf7 66 1898 (partial sequence) hph3 2416 9909 orf18 3395 2817 C orf4 9966 14,633 orf19 14,699 15,007 orf5 15,171 18,035 orf22 17,398 17,072 C orf10 19,167 18,235 C orf14 20,116 19,385 C orf13 20,963 20,217 C orf11 23,086 22,172 C hph2 23,768 31,336 orf2 31,393 35,838 orf21 35,709 35,383 C orf16 36,661 36,032 C orf8 37,781 36,654 CSEQ ID NO:11 also includes the following restriction sites, some of which are used in the subcloning steps set forth in Example 17:
TBL Restriction Site Nucleotide Position(s) AccIII 2835 BamHI 18,915 BsmBI 11,350 Bst11071 29,684 EagI 13,590; 31,481 Eco721 34,474 MluI 2444; 5116; 9327; 26,204 NotI 13,589 PacI 9915; 23,353; 37,888 PvuI 8816 SapI 35,248 SexAI 28,946 Sgfl 8815 SpeI 2157; 3769; 7831; 11,168 SphI 755 StuI 35,690 Tth111I 21,443SEQ ID NO:12 is the sequence of the protein encoded by orf5 of SEQ ID NO:11.
SEQ ID NO:13 is the sequence of the protein encoded by hph2 of SEQ ID NO:11.
SEQ ID NO:14 is the sequence of the protein encoded by orf2 of SEQ ID NO:11.
SEQ ID NOs:15-22 are oligonucleotides.
The following material has been deposited with the Agricultural Research Service, Patent Culture Collection (NRRL), 1815 North University Street, Peoria, Ill. 61604, under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. All restrictions on the availability of the deposited material will be irrevocably removed upon the granting of a patent.
TBL Clone Accession Number Date of Deposit pCIB9359-7 NRRL B-21835 September 17, 1997 pNOV2400 NRRL B-30077 December 3, 1998 pNOV1001 NRRL B-30078 December 3, 1998 PAC Novel Nucleic Acid Sequences whose Expression Results in Insecticidal ToxinsThis invention relates to nucleic acid sequences whose expression results in novel toxins, and to the making and using of the toxins to control insect pests. The nucleic acid sequences are derived from Photorhabdus luminescens, a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. P. luminescens is a symbiotic bacterium of nematodes of the genus Heterorhabditis. The nematodes colonize insect larva, kill them, and their offspring feed on the dead larvae. The insecticidal activity is actually produced by the symbiotic P. luminescens bacteria. The inventors are the first to isolate the nucleic acid sequences of the present invention from P. luminescens (ATCC strain number 29999). The expression of the nucleic acid sequences of the present invention results in toxins that can be used to control Lepidopteran insects such as Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm),Helicoverpa zea (Corn Earworm), Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm), Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm), and Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm), as well as Coleopteran insects such as Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm), Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm), Diabrotica longicornis barberi (Northern Corn Rootworm), and Leptinotarsa decimlineata (Colorado Potato Beetle).
In one preferred embodiment, the invention encompasses an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence substantially similar to the approximately 9.7 kb nucleic acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:1, whose expression results in insect control activity (further illustrated in Examples 1-11). Five open reading frames (ORFs) are present in the nucleic acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:1, coding for proteins of predicted sizes 45 kDa, 28 kDa, 21 kDA, 29 kDa, and 176 kDa. The five ORFs are arranged in an operon-like structure. When expressed in a heterologous host, the ∼9.7 kb DNA fragment from P. luminescens results in insect control activity against Lepidopterans such as Plutella xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm),Helicoverpa zea (Corn Earworm), Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm), and Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm), showing that expression of the ∼9.7 kb nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:1 is necessary and sufficient for such insect control activity. In a preferred embodiment, the invention encompasses a DNA molecule, whose expression results in an insecticidal toxin, which is deposited in the E. coli strain pCIB9359-7 (NRRL accession number B-21835).
In another preferred embodiment, the invention encompasses an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence substantially similar to the approximately 38 kb nucleic acid fragment set forth in SEQ ID NO:11 and deposited in the E. coli strain pNOV2400 (NRRL accession number B-30077), whose expression results in insect control activity (see Examples 12-18). In a more preferred embodiment, the invention encompasses an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence substantially similar to the ∼22 kb DNA fragment deposited in the E. coli strain pNOV1001 (NRRL accession number B-30078), whose expression results in insect control activity. In a most preferred embodiment, the invention encompasses isolated nucleic acid molecules comprising nucleotide sequences substantially similar to the three ORFs corresponding to nucleotides 23,768-31,336 (hph2), 31,393-35,838 (orf2), and 15,171-18,035 (orf5) of the DNA fragment set forth in SEQ ID NO:11, as well as the proteins encoded thereby. When co-expressed in a heterologous host, these three ORFs result in insect control activity against Lepidopterans such as Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), and Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm), as well as against Coleopterans such as Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm),Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm), and Leptinotarsa decimlineata (Colorado Potato Beetle), showing that co-expression of these three ORFs (hph2, orf2, and orf5) is necessary and sufficient for such insect control activity.
The present invention also encompasses recombinant vectors comprising the nucleic acid sequences of this invention. In such vectors, the nucleic acid sequences are preferably comprised in expression cassettes comprising regulatory elements for expression of the nucleotide sequences in a host cell capable of expressing the nucleotide sequences. Such regulatory elements usually comprise promoter and termination signals and preferably also comprise elements allowing efficient translation of polypeptides encoded by the nucleic acid sequences of the present invention. Vectors comprising the nucleic acid sequences are usually capable of replication in particular host cells, preferably as extrachromosomal molecules, and are therefore used to amplify the nucleic acid sequences of this invention in the host cells. In one embodiment, host cells for such vectors are microorganisms, such as bacteria, in particular E.coli. In another embodiment, host cells for such recombinant vectors are endophytes or epiphytes. A preferred host cell for such vectors is a eukaryotic cell, such as a yeast, a plant cell, or an insect cell. Plant cells such as maize cells are most preferred host cells. In another preferred embodiment, such vectors are viral vectors and are used for replication of the nucleotide sequences in particular host cells, e.g. insect cells or plant cells. Recombinant vectors are also used for transformation of the nucleotide sequences of this invention into host cells, whereby the nucleotide sequences are stably integrated into the DNA of such host cells. In one, such host cells are prokaryotic cells. In a preferred embodiment, such host cells are eukaryotic cells, such as yeast cells, insect cells, or plant cells. In a most preferred embodiment, the host cells are plant cells, such as maize cells.
In preferred embodiments, the insecticidal toxins of the invention each comprise at least one polypeptide encoded by a nucleotide sequence of the invention. In another preferred embodiment, the insecticidal toxins are produced from a purified strain of P. luminescens, such the strain with ATTC accession number 29999. The toxins of the present invention have insect control activity when tested against insect pests in bioassays; and these properties of the insecticidal toxins are further illustrated in Examples 1-18. The insecticidal toxins desribed in the present invention are further characterized in that their molecular weights are larger than 6,000, as found by size fractionation experiments. The insecticidal toxins retain full insectidical activity after being stored at 4°C for 2 weeks. One is also shown to retain its full insecticidal activity after being freeze-dried and stored at 22°C for 2 weeks. However, the insecticidal toxins of the invention lose their insecticidal activity after incubation for 5 minutes at 100°C
In further embodiments, the nucleotide sequences of the invention can be modified by incorporation of random mutations in a technique known as in-vitro recombination or DNA shuffling. This technique is described in Stemmer et al., Nature 370: 389-391 (1994) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,793, which are incorporated herein by reference. Millions of mutant copies of a nucleotide sequence are produced based on an original nucleotide sequence of this invention and variants with improved properties, such as increased insecticidal activity, enhanced stability, or different specificity or range of target insect pests are recovered. The method encompasses forming a mutagenized double-stranded polynucleotide from a template double-stranded polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence of this invention, wherein the template double-stranded polynucleotide has been cleaved into double-stranded-random fragments of a desired size, and comprises the steps of adding to the resultant population of double-stranded random fragments one or more single or double-stranded oligonucleotides, wherein said oligonucleotides comprise an area of identity and an area of heterology to the double-stranded template polynucleotide; denaturing the resultant mixture of double-stranded random fragments and oligonucleotides into single-stranded fragments; incubating the resultant population of single-stranded fragments with a polymerase under conditions which result in the annealing of said single-stranded fragments at said areas of identity to form pairs of annealed fragments, said areas of identity being sufficient for one member of a pair to prime replication of the other, thereby forming a mutagenized double-stranded polynucleotide; and repeating the second and third steps for at least two further cycles, wherein the resultant mixture in the second step of a further cycle includes the mutagenized double-stranded polynucleotide from the third step of the previous cycle, and the further cycle forms a further mutagenized double-stranded polynucleotide. In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of a single species of double-stranded random fragment in the population of double-stranded random fragments is less than 1% by weight of the total DNA. In a further preferred embodiment, the template double-stranded polynucleotide comprises at least about 100 species of polynucleotides. In another preferred embodiment, the size of the double-stranded random fragments is from about 5 bp to 5 kb. In a further preferred embodiment, the fourth step of the method comprises repeating the second and the third steps for at least 10 cycles.
As biological insect control agents, the insecticidal toxins are produced by expression of the nucleotide sequences in heterologous host cells capable of expressing the nucleotide sequences. In a first embodiment, P. luminescens cells comprising modifications of at least one nucleotide sequence of this invention at its chromosomal location are described. Such modifications encompass mutations or deletions of existing regulatory elements, thus leading to altered expression of the nucleotide sequence, or the incorporation of new regulatory elements controlling the expression of the nucleotide sequence. In another embodiment, additional copies of one or more of the nucleotide sequences are added to P. luminescens cells either by insertion into the chromosome or by introduction of extrachromosomally replicating molecules containing the nucleotide sequences.
In another embodiment, at least one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention is inserted into an appropriate expression cassette, comprising a promoter and termination signals. Expression of the nucleotide sequence is constitutive, or an inducible promoter responding to various types of stimuli to initiate transcription is used. In a preferred embodiment, the cell in which the toxin is expressed is a microorganism, such as a virus, a bacteria, or a fungus. In a preferred embodiment, a virus, such as a baculovirus, contains a nucleotide sequence of the invention in its genome and expresses large amounts of the corresponding insecticidal toxin after infection of appropriate eukaryotic cells that are suitable for virus replication and expression of the nucleotide sequence. The insecticidal toxin thus produced is used as an insecticidal agent. Alternatively, baculoviruses engineered to include the nucleotide sequence are used to infect insects in-vivo and kill them either by expression of the insecticidal toxin or by a combination of viral infection and expression of the insecticidal toxin.
Bacterial cells are also hosts for the expression of the nucleotide sequences of the invention. In a preferred embodiment, non-pathogenic symbiotic bacteria, which are able to live and replicate within plant tissues, so-called endophytes, or non-pathogenic symbiotic bacteria, which are capable of colonizing the phyllosphere or the rhizosphere, so-called epiphytes, are used. Such bacteria include bacteria of the genera Agrobacterium, Alcaligenes, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Clavibacter, Enterobacter, Erwinia, Flavobacter, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia, Streptomyces and Xanthomonas. Symbiotic fungi, such as Trichoderma and Gliocladium are also possible hosts for expression of the inventive nucleotide sequences for the same purpose.
Techniques for these genetic manipulations are specific for the different available hosts and are known in the art. For example, the expression vectors pKK223-3 and pKK223-2 can be used to express heterologous genes in E. coli , either in transcriptional or translational fusion, behind the tac or trc promoter. For the expression of operons encoding multiple ORFs, the simplest procedure is to insert the operon into a vector such as pKK223-3 in transcriptional fusion, allowing the cognate ribosome binding site of the heterologous genes to be used. Techniques for overexpression in gram-positive species such as Bacillus are also known in the art and can be used in the context of this invention (Quax et al. In.: Industrial Microorganisms: Basic and Applied Molecular Genetics, Eds. Baltz et al., American Society for Microbiology, Washington (1993)). Alternate systems for overexpression rely for example, on yeast vectors and include the use of Pichia, Saccharomyces and Kluyveromyces (Sreekrishna, In: Industrial microorganisms: basic and applied molecular genetics, Baltz, Hegeman, and Skatrud eds., American Society for Microbiology, Washington (1993); Dequin & Barre, Biotechnology 12:173-177 (1994); van den Berg et aL, Biotechnology 8:135-139 (1990)).
In another preferred embodiment, at least one of the described nucleotide sequences is transferred to and expressed in Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CGA267356 (described in the published application EU 0 472 494 and in WO 94/01561) which has biocontrol characteristics. In another preferred embodiment, a nucleotide sequence of the invention is transferred to Pseudomonas aureofaciens strain 30-84 which also has biocontrol characteristics. Expression in heterologous biocontrol strains requires the selection of vectors appropriate for replication in the chosen host and a suitable choice of promoter. Techniques are well known in the art for expression in gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and fungi.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least one of the insecticidal toxins of the invention is expressed in a higher organism, e.g., a plant. In this case, transgenic plants expressing effective amounts of the toxins protect themselves from insect pests. When the insect starts feeding on such a transgenic plant, it also ingests the expressed toxins. This will deter the insect from further biting into the plant tissue or may even harm or kill the insect. A nucleotide sequence of the present invention is inserted into an expression cassette, which is then preferably stably integrated in the genome of said plant. In another preferred embodiment, the nucleotide sequence is included in a non-pathogenic self-replicating virus. Plants transformed in accordance with the present invention may be monocots or dicots and include, but are not limited to, maize, wheat, barley, rye, sweet potato, bean, pea, chicory, lettuce, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, turnip, radish, spinach, asparagus, onion, garlic, pepper, celery, squash, pumpkin, hemp, zucchini, apple, pear, quince, melon, plum, cherry, peach, nectarine, apricot, strawberry, grape, raspberry, blackberry, pineapple, avocado, papaya, mango, banana, soybean, tomato, sorghum, sugarcane, sugarbeet, sunflower, rapeseed, clover, tobacco, carrot, cotton, alfalfa, rice, potato, eggplant, cucumber, Arabidopsis, and woody plants such as coniferous and deciduous trees.
Once a desired nucleotide sequence has been transformed into a particular plant species, it may be propagated in that species or moved into other varieties of the same species, particularly including commercial varieties, using traditional breeding techniques.
A nucleotide sequence of this invention is preferably expressed in transgenic plants, thus causing the biosynthesis of the corresponding toxin in the transgenic plants. In this way, transgenic plants with enhanced resistance to insects are generated. For their expression in transgenic plants, the nucleotide sequences of the invention may require modification and optimization. Although in many cases genes from microbial organisms can be expressed in plants at high levels without modification, low expression in transgenic plants may result from microbial nucleotide sequences having codons that are not preferred in plants. It is known in the art that all organisms have specific preferences for codon usage, and the codons of the nucleotide sequences described in this invention can be changed to conform with plant preferences, while maintaining the amino acids encoded thereby. Furthermore, high expression in plants is best achieved from coding sequences that have at least 35% about GC content, preferably more than about 45%, more preferably more than about 50%, and most preferably more than about 60%. Microbial nucleotide sequences which have low GC contents may express poorly in plants due to the existence of ATTTA motifs which may destabilize messages, and AATAAA motifs which may cause inappropriate polyadenylation. Although preferred gene sequences may be adequately expressed in both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant species, sequences can be modified to account for the specific codon preferences and GC content preferences of monocotyledons or dicotyledons as these preferences have been shown to differ (Murray et al. Nucl. Acids Res. 17. 477-498 (1989)). In addition, the nucleotide sequences are screened for the existence of illegitimate splice sites that may cause message truncation. All changes required to be made within the nucleotide sequences such as those described above are made using well known techniques of site directed mutagenesis, PCR, and synthetic gene construction using the methods described in the published patent applications EP 0 385 962 (to Monsanto), EP 0 359 472 (to Lubrizol, and WO 93/07278 (to Ciba-Geigy).
For efficient initiation of translation, sequences adjacent to the initiating methionine may require modification. For example, they can be modified by the inclusion of sequences known to be effective in plants. Joshi has suggested an appropriate consensus for plants (NAR 15: 6643-6653 (1987)) and Clontech suggests a further consensus translation initiator (1993/1994 catalog, page 210). These consensuses are suitable for use with the nucleotide sequences of this invention. The sequences are incorporated into constructions comprising the nucleotide sequences, up to and including the ATG (whilst leaving the second amino acid unmodified), or alternatively up to and including the GTC subsequent to the ATG (with the possibility of modifying the second amino acid of the transgene).
Expression of the nucleotide sequences in transgenic plants is driven by promoters shown to be functional in plants. The choice of promoter will vary depending on the temporal and spatial requirements for expression, and also depending on the target species. Thus, expression of the nucleotide sequences of this invention in leaves, in ears, in inflorescences (e.g. spikes, panicles, cobs, etc.), in roots, and/or seedlings is preferred. In many cases, however, protection against more than one type of insect pest is sought, and thus expression in multiple tissues is desirable. Although many promoters from dicotyledons have been shown to be operational in monocotyledons and vice versa, ideally dicotyledonous promoters are selected for expression in dicotyledons, and monocotyledonous promoters for expression in monocotyledons. However, there is no restriction to the provenance of selected promoters; it is sufficient that they are operational in driving the expression of the nucleotide sequences in the desired cell.
Preferred promoters that are expressed constitutively include promoters from genes encoding actin or ubiquitin and the CaMV 35S and 19S promoters. The nucleotide sequences of this invention can also be expressed under the regulation of promoters that are chemically regulated. This enables the insecticidal toxins to be synthesized only when the crop plants are treated with the inducing chemicals. Preferred technology for chemical induction of gene expression is detailed in the published application EP 0 332 104 (to Ciba-Geigy) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,614,395. A preferred promoter for chemical induction is the tobacco PR-1a promoter.
A preferred category of promoters is that which is wound inducible. Numerous promoters have been described which are expressed at wound sites and also at the sites of phytopathogen infection. Ideally, such a promoter should only be active locally at the sites of infection, and in this way the insecticidal toxins only accumulate in cells which need to synthesize the insecticidal toxins to kill the invading insect pest. Preferred promoters of this kind include those described by Stanford et al. Mol. Gen. Genet. 215: 200-208 (1989), Xu et al. Plant Molec. Biol. 22: 573-588 (1993), Logemann et al. Plant Cell 1: 151-158 (1989), Rohrmeier & Lehle, Plant Molec. Biol. 22: 783-792 (1993), Firek et al. Plant Molec. Biol. 22: 129-142 (1993), and Warner et al. Plant J. 3: 191-201 (1993).
Preferred tissue specific expression patterns include green tissue specific, root specific, stem specific, and flower specific. Promoters suitable for expression in green tissue include many which regulate genes involved in photosynthesis and many of these have been cloned from both monocotyledons and dicotyledons. A preferred promoter is the maize PEPC promoter from the phosphoenol carboxylase gene (Hudspeth & Grula, Plant Molec. Biol. 12: 579-589 (1989)). A preferred promoter for root specific expression is that described by de Framond (FEBS 290: 103-106 (1991); EP 0 452 269 to Ciba-Geigy). A preferred stem specific promoter is that described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,625,136 (to Ciba-Geigy) and which drives expression of the maize trpA gene.
Especially preferred embodiments of the invention are transgenic plants expressing at least one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention in a root-preferred or root-specific fashion. Further preferred embodiments are transgenic plants expressing the nucleotide sequences in a wound-inducible or pathogen infection-inducible manner.
In addition to the selection of a suitable promoter, constructions for expression of an insecticidal toxin in plants require an appropriate transcription terminator to be attached downstream of the heterologous nucleotide sequence. Several such terminators are available and known in the art (e.g. tm1 from CaMV, E9 from rbcS). Any available terminator known to function in plants can be used in the context of this invention.
Numerous other sequences can be incorporated into expression cassettes described in this invention. These include sequences which have been shown to enhance expression such as intron sequences (e.g. from Adhl and bronze1) and viral leader sequences (e.g. from TMV, MCMV and AMV).
It may be preferable to target expression of the nucleotide sequences of the present invention to different cellular localizations in the plant. In some cases, localization in the cytosol may be desirable, whereas in other cases, localization in some subcellular organelle may be preferred. Subcellular localization of transgene encoded enzymes is undertaken using techniques well known in the art. Typically, the DNA encoding the target peptide from a known organelle-targeted gene product is manipulated and fused upstream of the nucleotide sequence. Many such target sequences are known for the chloroplast and their functioning in heterologous constructions has been shown. The expression of the nucleotide sequences of the present invention is also targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum or to the vacuoles of the host cells. Techniques to achieve this are well-known in the art.
Vectors suitable for plant transformation are described elsewhere in this specification. For Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, binary vectors or vectors carrying at least one T-DNA border sequence are suitable, whereas for direct gene transfer any vector is suitable and linear DNA containing only the construction of interest may be preferred. In the case of direct gene transfer, transformation with a single DNA species or co-transformation can be used (Schocher et al. Biotechnology 4: 1093-1096 (1986)). For both direct gene transfer and Agrobacterium-mediated transfer, transformation is usually (but not necessarily) undertaken with a selectable marker which may provide resistance to an antibiotic (kanamycin, hygromycin or methotrexate) or a herbicide (basta). The choice of selectable marker is not, however, critical to the invention.
In another preferred embodiment, a nucleotide sequence of the present invention is directly transformed into the plastid genome. A major advantage of plastid transformation is that plastids are generally capable of expressing bacterial genes without substantial modification, and plastids are capable of expressing multiple open reading frames under control of a single promoter. Plastid transformation technology is extensively described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,451,513, 5,545,817, and 5,545,818, in PCT application no. WO 95/16783, and in McBride et a/ (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 7301-7305. The basic technique for chloroplast transformation involves introducing regions of cloned plastid DNA flanking a selectable marker together with the gene of interest into a suitable target tissue, e.g., using biolistics or protoplast transformation (e.g., calcium chloride or PEG mediated transformation). The 1 to 1.5 kb flanking regions, termed targeting sequences, facilitate homologous recombination with the plastid genome and thus allow the replacement or modification of specific regions of the plastome. Initially, point mutations in the chloroplast 16S rRNA and rps12 genes conferring resistance to spectinomycin and/or streptomycin are utilized as selectable markers for transformation (Svab, Z., Hajdukiewicz, P., and Maliga, P. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 8526-8530; Staub, J. M., and Maliga, P. (1992) Plant Cell 4, 39-45). This resulted in stable homoplasmic transformants at a frequency of approximately one per 100 bombardments of target leaves. The presence of cloning sites between these markers allowed creation of a plastid targeting vector for introduction of foreign genes (Staub, J. M., and Maliga, P. (1993) EMBO J. 12, 601-606). Substantial increases in transformation frequency are obtained by replacement of the recessive rRNA or r-protein antibiotic resistance genes with a dominant selectable marker, the bacterial aadA gene encoding the spectinomycin-detoxifying enzyme aminoglycoside-3'-adenyltransferase (Svab, Z., and Maliga, P. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 913-917). Previously, this marker had been used successfully for high-frequency transformation of the plastid genome of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Goldschmidt-Clermont, M. (1991) Nucl. Acids Res. 19: 4083-4089). Other selectable markers useful for plastid transformation are known in the art and encompassed within the scope of the invention. Typically, approximately 15-20 cell division cycles following transformation are required to reach a homoplastidic state. Plastid expression, in which genes are inserted by homologous recombination into all of the several thousand copies of the circular plastid genome present in each plant cell, takes advantage of the enormous copy number advantage over nuclear-expressed genes to permit expression levels that can readily exceed 10% of the total soluble plant protein. In a preferred embodiment, a nucleotide sequence of the present invention is inserted into a plastid targeting vector and transformed into the plastid genome of a desired plant host. Plants homoplastic for plastid genomes containing a nucleotide sequence of the present invention are obtained, and are preferentially capable of high expression of the nucleotide sequence.
The invention also includes compositions comprising at least one of the insecticidal toxins of the present invention. In order to effectively control insect pests such compositions preferably contain sufficient amounts of toxin. Such amounts vary depending on the crop to be protected, on the particular pest to be targeted, and on the environmental conditions, such as humidity, temperature or type of soil. In a preferred embodiment, compositions comprising the insecticidal toxins comprise host cells expressing the toxins without additional purification. In another preferred embodiment, the cells expressing the insecticidal toxins are lyophilized prior to their use as an insecticidal agent. In another embodiment, the insecticidal toxins are engineered to be secreted from the host cells. In cases where purification of the toxins from the host cells in which they are expressed is desired, various degrees of purification of the insecticidal toxins are reached.
The present invention further embraces the preparation of compositions comprising at least one insecticidal toxin of the present invention, which is homogeneously mixed with one or more compounds or groups of compounds described herein. The present invention also relates to methods of treating plants, which comprise application of the insecticidal toxins or compositions containing the insecticidal toxins, to plants. The insecticidal toxins can be applied to the crop area in the form of compositions or plant to be treated, simultaneously or in succession, with further compounds. These compounds can be both fertilizers or micronutrient donors or other preparations that influence plant growth. They can also be selective herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, molluscicides or mixtures of several of these preparations, if desired together with further carriers, surfactants or application-promoting adjuvants customarily employed in the art of formulation. Suitable carriers and adjuvants can be solid or liquid and correspond to the substances ordinarily employed in formulation technology, e.g. natural or regenerated mineral substances, solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, tackifiers, binders or fertilizers.
A preferred method of applying insecticidal toxins of the present invention is by spraying to the environment hosting the insect pest like the soil, water, or foliage of plants. The number of applications and the rate of application depend on the type and intensity of infestation by the insect pest. The insecticidal toxins can also penetrate the plant through the roots via the soil (systemic action) by impregnating the locus of the plant with a liquid composition, or by applying the compounds in solid form to the soil, e.g. in granular form (soil application). The insecticidal toxins may also be applied to seeds (coating) by impregnating the seeds either with a liquid formulation containing insecticidal toxins, or coating them with a solid formulation. In special cases, further types of application are also possible, for example, selective treatment of the plant stems or buds. The insecticidal toxins can also be provided as bait located above or below the ground.
The insecticidal toxins are used in unmodified form or, preferably, together with the adjuvants conventionally employed in the art of formulation, and are therefore formulated in known manner to emulsifiable concentrates, coatable pastes, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions, dilute emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts, granulates, and also encapsulations, for example, in polymer substances. Like the nature of the compositions, the methods of application, such as spraying, atomizing, dusting, scattering or pouring, are chosen in accordance with the intended objectives and the prevailing circumstances.
The formulations, compositions or preparations containing the insecticidal toxins and, where appropriate, a solid or liquid adjuvant, are prepared in known manner, for example by homogeneously mixing and/or grinding the insecticidal toxins with extenders, for example solvents, solid carriers and, where appropriate, surface-active compounds (surfactants).
Suitable solvents include aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably the fractions having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, for example, xylene mixtures or substituted naphthalenes, phthalates such as dibutyl phthalate or dioctyl phthalate, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, alcohols and glycols and their ethers and esters, such as ethanol, ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, ketones such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethyl formamide, as well as epoxidized vegetable oils such as epoxidized coconut oil or soybean oil or water.
The solid carriers used e.g. for dusts and dispersible powders, are normally natural mineral fillers such as calcite, talcum, kaolin, montmorillonite or attapulgite. In order to improve the physical properties it is also possible to add highly dispersed silicic acid or highly dispersed absorbent polymers. Suitable granulated adsorptive carriers are porous types, for example pumice, broken brick, sepiolite or bentonite; and suitable nonsorbent carriers are materials such as calcite or sand. In addition, a great number of pregranulated materials of inorganic or organic nature can be used, e.g. especially dolomite or pulverized plant residues.
Suitable surface-active compounds are nonionic, cationic and/or anionic surfactants having good emulsifying, dispersing and wetting properties. The term "surfactants" will also be understood as comprising mixtures of surfactants. Suitable anionic surfactants can be both water-soluble soaps and water-soluble synthetic surface-active compounds.
Suitable soaps are the alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts or unsubstituted or substituted ammonium salts of higher fatty acids (chains of 10 to 22 carbon atoms), for example the sodium or potassium salts of oleic or stearic acid, or of natural fatty acid mixtures which can be obtained for example from coconut oil or tallow oil. The fatty acid methyltaurin salts may also be used.
More frequently, however, so-called synthetic surfactants are used, especially fatty sulfonates, fatty sulfates, sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives or alkylarylsulfonates.
The fatty sulfonates or sulfates are usually in the form of alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts or unsubstituted or substituted ammonium salts and have a 8 to 22 carbon alkyl radical which also includes the alkyl moiety of alkyl radicals, for example, the sodium or calcium salt of lignonsulfonic acid, of dodecylsulfate or of a mixture of fatty alcohol sulfates obtained from natural fatty acids. These compounds also comprise the salts of sulfuric acid esters and sulfonic acids of fatty alcohol/ethylene oxide adducts. The sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives preferably contain 2 sulfonic acid groups and one fatty acid radical containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Examples of alkylarylsulfonates are the sodium, calcium or triethanolamine salts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, dibutylnapthalenesulfonic acid, or of a naphthalenesulfonic acid/formaldehyde condensation product. Also suitable are corresponding phosphates, e.g. salts of the phosphoric acid ester of an adduct of p-nonylphenol with 4 to 14 moles of ethylene oxide.
Non-ionic surfactants are preferably polyglycol ether derivatives of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols, or saturated or unsaturated fatty acids and alkylphenols, said derivatives containing 3 to 30 glycol ether groups and 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the (aliphatic) hydrocarbon moiety and 6 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety of the alkylphenols.
Further suitable non-ionic surfactants are the water-soluble adducts of polyethylene oxide with polypropylene glycol, ethylenediamine propylene glycol and alkylpolypropylene glycol containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, which adducts contain 20 to 250 ethylene glycol ether groups and 10 to 100 propylene glycol ether groups. These compounds usually contain 1 to 5 ethylene glycol units per propylene glycol unit.
Representative examples of non-ionic surfactants are nonylphenolpolyethoxyethanols, castor oil polyglycol ethers, polypropylene/polyethylene oxide adducts, tributylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, polyethylene glycol and octylphenoxyethoxyethanol. Fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan and polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate are also suitable non-ionic surfactants.
Cationic surfactants are preferably quaternary ammonium salts which have, as N-substituent, at least one C8-C22 alkyl radical and, as further substituents, lower unsubstituted or halogenated alkyl, benzyl or lower hydroxyalkyl radicals. The salts are preferably in the form of halides, methylsulfates or ethylsulfates, e.g. stearyltrimethylammonium chloride or benzyldi(2-chloroethyl)ethylammonium bromide.
The surfactants customarily employed in the art of formulation are described, for example, in "McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual," MC Publishing Corp. Ringwood, N.J., 1979, and Sisely and Wood, "Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents," Chemical Publishing Co., Inc. New York, 1980.
The invention will be further described by reference to the following detailed examples. These examples are provided for purposes of illustration only, and are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise specified. Standard recombinant DNA and molecular cloning techniques used here are well known in the art and are described by Ausubel (ed.), Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (1994); T. Maniatis, E. F. Fritsch and J. Sambrook, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989); and by T.J. Silhavy, M.L. Berman, and L.W. Enquist, Experiments with Gene Fusions, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1984).
Photorhabdus luminescens strain ATCC 29999 is grown in nutrient broth at 25°C for three days as described in the ATCC protocol for bioassay. The culture is grown for 24 hours for DNA isolation. Total DNA is isolated by treating freshly grown cells resuspended in 100 mM Tris pH 8, 10 mM EDTA with 2 mg/ml lysozyme for 30 minutes at 37°C Proteinase K is added to a final concentration of 100 mg/ml, SDS is added to a final concentration of 0.5% SDS and the sample is incubated at 45°C After the solution becomes clear and viscous, the SDS concentration is raised to 1%, and 300 mM NaCI and an equal volume of phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol are added, mixed gently for 5 minutes and centrifuged at 3K. The phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol extraction is repeated twice. The aqueous phase is mixed with 0.7 volumes isopropanol, and the sample is centrifuged. The pellet is washed 3 times with 70% ethanol and the nucleic acids are gently resuspended in 0.5×TE.
The DNA is treated with 0.3 units of Sau3A per mg DNA at 37°C for 3.5 minutes in 100 ml volume containing a total of 6 mg DNA. The reaction is then heated for 30 minutes at 65°C to inactivate the enzyme. Then 2 units of Calf Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase are added and incubated for 30 minutes at 37°C The sample is mixed with an equal volume of phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol and centrifuged. The aqueous phase is removed, precipitated with 0.7 volume isopropanol and centrifuged. The supernatant is transferred to a fresh tube, precipitated with ethanol, and the nucleic acids are resuspended in 0.5×TE at a concentration of 100 hg/ml.
SuperCos cosmid vector (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.) is prepared as described by the supplier utilizing the BamHI cloning site. Prepared SuperCos at 100 hg/ml is ligated with the Sau3A digested P. luminescens DNA at a molar ratio of 2:1 in a 5 ml volume overnight at 6°C The ligation mixture is packaged using Gigapack XL III (Stratagene), as described by the supplier. Packaged phages are used to infect XL-1 MR (Stratagene) cells as described by the supplier. The cosmid library is plated on L-agar with 50 mg/ml kanamycin and incubated 16 hours at 37°C 500 colonies are patched onto fresh L-kan plates at 50 colonies per plate. From the other plates the cells are washed off with L broth and mixed with 20% glycerol and frozen at -80°C
PAC Insect BioassaysPlutella xylostella bioassays are performed by aliquoting of 50 μl of the E. coli culture on the solid artificial Pluetlla xylostella diet (Biever and Boldt, Annals of Entomological Society of America, 1971; Shelton et al., J. Ent. Sci. 26:17). 4 ml of the diet is poured into 1 oz. clear plastic cups (Bioserve product #9051). 5 neonate P. xylostella from a diet adapted lab colony are placed in each diet-containing cup and then covered with a white paper lid (Bioserve product #9049). 10 larvae are assayed per concentration. Trays of cups are placed in an incubator for 3 days at 72° F. with a 14:10 (hours) light:dark cycle. Then, the number of live larvae in each cup is recorded. Bioassays for other insects are performed as described for Pluetlla xylostella , but using the diet required by the insect to be tested.
The broth of P. luminescens undiluted and diluted 1:100 gives 100% mortality against P. xylostella. The broth of P. luminescens also gives 100% mortality against Diabrotica virgifera virgifera. Three clones with activity against P. xylostella and Heliothis virescens are obtained after screening 500 E. coli clones by insect bioassay. These cosmid clones are given the numbers pCIB9349, pCIB9350, and pCIB9351.
PAC Isolation of the Nucleotide Sequence Responsible for Insect Control Activity from Clones pCIB9349, pCIB9350, and pCIB9351The three clones pCIB9349, pCIB9350 and pCIB9351 are found to be overlapping cosmids by restriction enzyme mapping. After digestion with Pacl, clones pCIB9349 and pCIB9351 give two DNA fragments each, and pCIB9350 gives three DNA fragments. Each fragment is isolated and is self-ligated. The enzyme Pacl does not cut the SuperCos vector; therefore, only fragments linked to it are re-isolated. The ligation mixtures are transformed into DH5α E. coli cells. Isolated transformed bacterial colonies are grown in L broth with 50 μg/ml kanamycin, and plasmid DNA is isolated by using the alkaline miniprep protocol as described in Sambrook, et al. DNA is digested with Notl/Pacl and two clones, pCIB9355 and pCIB9356, are found by bioassay to still contain the insecticidal activity. Clone pCIB9355 is digested with Notl and a 17 kb and a 4 kb DNA fragment are generated. The 17 kb fragment is isolated and ligated into Bluescript vector previously cut with Notl and transformed into DH5α E. coli cells. The isolated transformed bacterial colonies are grown as described and plasmid DNA is isolated by the alkaline miniprep protocol. A clone containing the 17 kb insert is named pCIB9359 and tested by bioassay. The results are shown in Example 5. 3 μg of the 17 kb insert is isolated and treated with 0.3 unit of Sau3A per μg DNA for 4, 6, and 8 minutes at 37°C, heated at 75°C for 15 minutes. The samples are pooled and ligated into pUC19 previously cut with BamHI and treated with calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase. The ligation is transformed into DH5α cells and plated on L agar with Xgal/Amp as described in Sambrook et al. and grown overnight at 37°C White colonies are picked and grown in L broth with 100 μ/ml and plasmid DNA is isolated as previously described. DNA is digested with EcoRI/HindIII and novel restriction patterns are sequenced. Sequencing primers are ordered from Genosys Biotechnologies (Woodlands, Tex.). Sequencing is performed using the dideoxy chain-termination method. Sequencing is completed using Applied Biosystems Inc. model 377 automated DNA sequencer (Foster City, Calif.). Sequence is assembled using 3.0 from Gene Codes Corporation (Ann Arbor, Mich.).
PAC Subcloning of the 9.7 kb EcoRIJXbal Fragment From pCIB9359pCIB9359 is digested with EcoRI and Xbal and the DNA is run on a 0.8% Seaplaque/TBE gel. The 9.7 kb fragment (SEQ ID NO:1) is isolated and ligated into pUC19 previously digested with EcoRI and Xbal. The ligation mixture is transformed into DH5α E. coli cells. Transformed bacteria are grown and plasmid DNA is isolated as previously described. The vector containing the 9.7 kb fragment in pUC19 is designated pCIB9359-7 and bioassay results are shown in Example 5.
PAC Bioassay Results for Cosmid Clones pCIB9359 and pCIB9359-7Cultures of E. coli strains 9359 and 9359-7 containing clones pCIB9359 and pCIB9359-7, respectively, are tested for insecticidal activity against the following insects in insect bioassays:
TBL Clones Insects pCIB9359 and pCIB9359-7 Plutella xylostella (Diamondback Moth (DBM)) +++ Hellothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm (TBW)) ++ Helicoverpa zea (Corn Earworm (CEW)) +++ Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm (BAW)) + Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm (FAW)) + Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper (CL)) +++ Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer (ECB)) ++ Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm (THW) na Diabrotica virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm (WCR)) na Agrotis ipsilon (Black Cutworm (BCW)) na na = not active + = significant growth inhibition ++ = >40% mortality, but less than 100% +++ = 100% mortalityThe clones show insecticidal activity against P. xylostella, H. virescens, H. zea, T. ni, and O. nubilalis, and significant insect control activity against S. exigua and S. frugiperda.
PAC Identification of Active Region of pCIB9359-7 By SubcloningCultures of E. coli strains containing subclones of pCIB9359-7 are tested for insecticidal activity in insect bioassays against P. xylostella.
TBL Nucleotide Position Relative to 9.7 kb Restriction EcoRI/Xbal fragment (SEQ ID NO:1) Insecticidal Activity Against Fragment from pC1B9539-7 and Size in kb Plutella xylostella EcoRI/Xbal 1 to 9712 9.7 kb +++ EcORV (-912) to 2309 3.2 kb na HindIII 665 to 5438 4.7 kb na KpnI 1441 to 8137 6.9 kb na Sacl/Xbal 2677 to 9712 7.0 kb na na = not active + = significant growth inhibition ++ = >40% mortality, but less than 100% +++ = 100% mortality PAC Characterization of pCIB9359-7 Insect Control Activity By TitrationDilutions of a culture of E.coli strain 9359-7 containing pCIB9359-7 are tested for insecticidal activity in insect bioassays. Dilutions are prepared in a culture of E.coli XL-1 in a total volume of 100 μl and are transferred to diet cups with 5 insects per cup. The results show the percentage (%) of insect mortality.
TBL μl 9359-7 Culture Px Hv Hz Tn 100 100 72 48 100 50 100 84 68 92 25 100 52 32 100 12.5 96 52 36 68 6.25 88 20 4 32 0 36 20 24 0 Px = P. xylostella, Hv = H. virescens, Hz = H. zea, Tn = T ni.Cultures of E. coli 9359-7 still show substantial insecticidal activity after dilution.
PAC Stability of pCIB9359-7 ActivityThe stability of the toxins is tested after storage for 2 weeks at different temperatures and conditions. 300 ml of Luria broth containing 100 (μg/ml ampicillin is inoculated with E. coli strain 9359-7 and grown overnight at 37°C Samples are placed in sterile 15 ml screw cap tubes and stored at 22°C and 4°C Another sample is centrifuged; the supernatant is removed, freeze dried and stored at 22°C The samples are stored under these conditions for 2 weeks and then a bioassay is conducted against P. xylostella. The freeze dried material is resuspended in the same volume as before. All samples are resuspended by vortexing.
TBL Conditions Results 22°C (2weeks) +++ 4°C (2 weeks) +++ Freeze Dried (2 weeks) +++ na = not active; + = significant growth inhibition; ++ = >40% mortality, but less than 100%; +++ = 100% mortalityThis demonstrates that the toxins retain their activity for at least two weeks at 22°C, 4°C, and freeze-dried, and are therefore very stable.
PAC Size Fraction of pCIB9359-7 ActivityThe approximate sizes of the insecticidal toxins are determined. P. luminescens cosmid clones pCIB9359-7 and pUC19 in E. coli host DH5α are grown in media consisting of 50% Terrific broth and 50% Luria broth, supplemented with 50 μg/ml ampicillin. Cultures (three tubes of each strain) are inoculated into 3 ml of the above media in culture tubes and incubated on a roller wheel overnight at 37°C Cultures of each strain are combined and sonicated using a Branson Model 450 Sonicator, micro tip, for approximately six 10 second cycles with cooling on ice between cycles. The sonicates are centrifuged in a Sorvall SS34 rotor at 6000 RPM for 10 minutes. The resultant supernatants are filtered through a 0.2 μ filter. The 3 ml fractions of the filtrates are applied to Bio-Rad Econo-Pac 10DG columns that have been previously equilibrated with 10 ml of 50 mM NaCl, 25 mM Tris base, pH 7∅ The flow through collected during sample loading is discarded. The samples are fractionated with two subsequent additions of 4 ml each of the NaCl--Tris equilibration buffer. The two four ml fractions are saved for testing. The first fraction contains all material above about 6,000 mol. wt; the second fraction contains material smaller than 6,000 mol. wt. A sample of the whole culture broth, the sonicate, and the filtered supernatant on the sonicate are tested along with the three fractions from the 1ODG column for activity on P. xylostella neonates in bioassays.
The culture, the sonicate, and the filtered supernatant of the sonicate, and the first column fraction from the 9359-7 sample are highly active on P. xylostella. The second column fraction from 9359-7 is slightly active (some stunting only). No activity is found in the third fraction from 9359-7. The sample from DH5-pUC19 does not have any activity. This indicates that the molecular weights of the toxins are above 6,000.
PAC Heat Inactivitation of pCIB9359-7 ActivityThe heat stability of the toxins is determined. Overnight cultures of the E. coli strain pCIB9359-7 are grown in a 50:50 mixture of Luria broth and Terrific broth. Cultures are grown at 37°C in culture tubes on a tube roller. A one ml sample of the culture is placed in a 1.5 ml eppendorf tube and placed in a boiling water bath. The sample is removed after five minutes and allowed to cool to room temperature. This sample along with an untreated portion of the culture is assayed on P. xylostella. 50 μl of sample of sample is spread on diet, allowed to dry and neonate larvae P. xylostella applied to the surface. The assay is incubated for 5 days at room temperature.
The untreated sample causes 100% mortality. The heat treated sample and a diet alone control do not cause any observable mortality, showing the toxins are heat sensitive.
PAC Leaf Dip Bioassay of pCIB9359-7Insecticidal activity of the toxins is tested in a leaf dip bioassay. Six leaves approximately 2 cm in diameter each are cut from seedlings of turnip and placed in a 1 oz. plastic cup (Jet Plastica) with 4 ml-5 ml of the resuspended toxin, covered tightly, and shaken until thoroughly wetted. The treated leaves are placed in 50 mm petri dishes (Gelman Sciences) on absorbent pads moistened with 300 μl of water. The dish covers are left open until the leaf surface appears dry and then placed on tightly so that the leaves do not dry out.
Ten neonate P. xylostella larvae are placed in each petri dish arena. Also, a treatment of 0.1% Bond spreader/sticker with no toxin is set up as a control. The arenas are monitored daily for signs of drying leaves, and water is added or leaves replaced if necessary. After 3 days the leaves and arenas are examined under a dissecting microscope, and the number of live larvae in each arena is recorded.
100% mortality is found for 9359-7 and none in the no-toxin control, showing that the toxins are also insecticidal in a leaf dip assay.
Photorhabdus luminescens strain ATCC 29999 is grown 14-18 hours in L broth. Total DNA is isolated from 1.5 mis of culture resuspended in 0.5% SDS, 100 μg/ml proteinase K, TE to a final volume of 600 μl. After a 1 hour incubation at 37°C, 100 μl 5M NaCl and 80 μl CTAB/NaCl are added and the culture is incubated at 65°C for 10 minutes. An equal volume of chloroform is added; the culture is mixed gently and spun. The aqueous phase is extracted once with phenol and once with chloroform. The nucleic acids are treated with 10 μg RNase A for 30 minutes at room temperature. The aqueous phase is mixed with 0.6 volumes isopropanol and the sample is centrifuged. The pellet is washed once with 70% ethanol and the nucleic acids are gently resuspended in 100-200 ul TE.
PAC PCR Amplification of ProbesTwo probes are PCR amplified from Photorhabdus luminescens strain ATCC 29999 genomic DNA using oligos 5'-ACACAGCAGGTTCGTCAG-3' (SEQ ID NO:7) and 5'-GGCAGAAGCACTCAACTC-3' (SEQ ID NO:8) to amplify probe #1 and oligos 5'-ATTGATAGCACGCGGCGACC-3' (SEQ ID NO:9) and 5'-TTGTAACGTGGAGCCGMCTGG-3' (SEQ ID NO:10) to amplify probe #2. The oligos are ordered from Genosys Biotechnologies, Inc. (Texas). Approximately 10-50 ng of genomic DNA is used as the template. 0.8 μM of oligos, 200 μM of dNTPs, 1× Taq DNA Polymerase buffer and 2.5 units of Taq DNA Polymerase are included in the reaction. The reaction conditions are as follows:
94°C-1 minute
94°C-30 seconds/60°C-30 seconds/72°C-30 seconds (25 cycles)
72°C-5 minutes
4°C-indefinite soak
The reactions are preferably carried out in a PCR System 9600 (Perkin Elmer) thermocycler.
PAC Probing a Photorhabdus luminescens Library600 clones from the P. luminescens cosmid library described in Example 1 are patched to L-amp plates in duplicate. The colonies are grown overnight then moved to 4°C The colonies are lifted onto Colony/Plaque Screen Hybridization Transfer Membranes (Biotechnology Systems NEN Research Products). The membranes are incubated 2-3 minutes in 0.75 ml 0.5N NaOH twice. The membranes are then incubated 2-3 minutes in 0.75 ml 1.0M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5 twice. The membranes are allowed to dry at room temperature.
Probe #1 and probe #2 described in Example 13 are labeled using the DECAprime II Kit as described by the manufacturer (Ambion cat#1455). Unincorporated nucleotides are removed from the labeled probes using Quick Spin Columns as described by the manufacturer (Boehringer Mannheim cat#1273973). The labeled probes are measured for incorporated radioactivity and the specific activity is 10,000,000 cpm. Membranes are prewetted with 2× SSC and hybridized with the probes for 12-16 hours at 65°C One set of colony lifts is hybridized with probe #1 and the other set is hybridized with probe #2. The membranes are washed with wash CHURCH solutions 1 and 2 (Church and Gilbert, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:1991-1995 (1984)) and exposed to Kodak film.
Twenty one clones are identified that hybridize to probe #1 and seven clones are identified that hybridize to probe #2. The gene in the clones isolated with probe #1 is named hphl and the gene in the clones isolated with probe #2 is named hph2.
PAC Insect BioassaysThe clones identified in Example 14 are tested for insecticidal activity against the following insects in insect bioassays: Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm (WCR)),Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm (SCR)), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer (ECB)), and Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth (DBM)).
Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm) and Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm) assays are performed using a diet incorporation method. 500 μl of an overnight culture of the cosmid library in XL-1 Blue MR cells (Stratagene) is sonicated and then mixed with 500 μl of diet. Once the diet solidifies, it is dispensed in a petri dish and 20 larvae are introduced over the diet. Trays of dishes are placed in an incubator for 3-5 days, and percent mortality is recorded at the end of the assay period.
Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer) and Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth) assays are performed by a surface treatment method. The diet is poured in the petri dish and allowed it to solidify. The E. coli culture of 200 -300 μl volume is dispensed over the diet surface and entire diet surface is covered to spread the culture with the help of bacterial loop. Once the surface is dry, 10 larvae are introduced over the diet surface. Trays of dishes are placed in an incubator for 3-5 days. The assay with European Corn Borer is incubated at 30°C in complete darkness; the assay with Diamondback Moth is incubated at 72° F. with a 14:10 (hours) light:dark cycle. Percent mortality is recorded at the end of the assay period.
Cosmids containing hph2 are identified with a range of activities, including: WCR only; SCR only; WCR and SCR; SCR and ECB; WCR, SCR, and ECB; or WCR, SCR, ECB, and DBM activity.
In addition to probing the P. luminescens cosmid library with DNA probes, 600 clones are screened by Western Corn Rootworm bioassay. A clone is identified with activity against Western Corn Rootworm. This clone hybridizes with probe #2.
From these bioassays, cosmid 514, having activity against WCR, SCR, ECB, and DBM, is selected for sequencing.
PAC Sequencing of Cosmid 514Cosmid 514 is sequenced using dye terminator chemistry on an ABI 377 instrument. The nucleotide sequence of cosmid 514 is set forth as SEQ ID NO:11. Cosmid 514 is designated pNOV2400 and deposited with the NRRL in E. coli DH5α and assigned accession no. B-30077.
PAC Subcloning Insecticidal Regions of Cosmid 514514a
An 9011 base pair fragment within cosmid 514 (SEQ ID NO:11) is removed by digesting the cosmid with the restriction endonuclease Spel (New England Biolabs (Massachusetts), and ligating (T4 DNA Ligase, NEB) the remainder of 514. Subclone 514a consists of cosmid 514 DNA from base pairs 1-2157 ligated to base pairs 11,169-37,948.
H202/pET34
hph2 and orf2 (SEQ ID NO:11, base pairs 23,768-35,838) are cloned into pET34b (Novagen, Wis.). Restriction sites are engineered on both ends of each gene to facilitate cloning. PCR is used to add the restriction sites to the genes. A BamHI site is on the 5' end of hph2 immediately upstream of the ATG of hph2, and a Sacl site is added to the 3' end of hph2 immediately following the DNA triplet encoding the stop codon. A guanidine is added between the BamHI site and the start codon of hph2 to put the hph2 gene in frame with the Cellulose Binding Domain tag in pET34b. Orf2 has a Sacl site upstream of the 56 base pairs between the stop codon of hph2 and the start codon of off2. The 56 base pairs are included in the hph2-orf2 construct to mimic their setup in the 514 cosmid. Orf2 has an Xhol site on the 3' end immediately following the stop codon. The oligos used to add the restriction sites to hph2 and orf2 are as follows:
| (SEQ ID NO:15) |
| hph2-A 5'-CGGGATCCGATGATTTTAAAAGG-3' |
| (SEQ ID NO:16) |
| hph2-B 5'-GCGCCATTGATTTGAG-3' |
| (SEQ ID NO:17) |
| hph2-C 5'-CATTAGAGGTCGAACGTAC-3' |
| (SEQ ID NO:18) |
| hph2-D 5'-GAGCGAGCTCTTACTTAATGGTGTAG-3' |
| (SEQ ID NO:19) |
| orf2-A3 5'-CAGCGAGCTCCATGCAGAATTCACAGAC-3' |
| (SEQ ID NO:20) |
| orf2-B 5'-GGCAATGGCAGCGATAAG-3' |
| (SEQ ID NO:21) |
| orf2-C 5'-CATTAACGCAGGAAGAGC-3' |
| (SEQ ID NO:22) |
| orf2-D 5'-GACCTCGAGTTACACGAGCGCGTCAG-3' |
The BamHI-Sacl 7583 base pair fragment, corresponding to the hph2 gene, and the Saci-Xhol 4502 base pair orf2 (including the 56 base pairs between hph2 and orf2 open reading frames), corresponding to orf2, are ligated with BamHI-Xhol-digested vector DNA pET34b.
Orf5/pBS (Notl-BamHI)
The 5325 base pair Notl-BamHI fragment of cosmid 514 is cloned into pBS-SK using AfIIII-Notl (415 bp) and BamHI-AfIIII (2530 bp) fragments of pBS-SK.
O5-H2-O2
The 12,031 base pair BamHI-Xhol fragment of H2O2/pET34 is cloned into the 8220 base pair Xhol-BamHI fragment of Orf5/pBS.
051011H2)2
A 7298 base pair BamHI-MluI fragment from subclone 514a is ligated (T4 DNA Ligase, NEB) with 9588 bp MluI-XhoI and 8220 bp XhoI-BamHI fragments of subclone O5-H2O2. The resulting ∼22 kb subclone 051011H2O2, which has activity against WCR and ECB, is designated pNOV1001 and deposited with the NRRL in E. coli DH5α and assigned accession no. B-30078.
AKH2O2
A 12,074 base pair BamHI-AvrII fragment of H2O2/pET34 is ligated (T4 DNA Ligase, NEB) into pK184 Nhel-BamHI fragment (2228 bp), generating a clone containing hph2 and orf2 in a p15a origin of replication, kanamycin-resistant vector.
PAC Insecticidal Activity of SubclonesBioassays as described above are performed with E. coli cultures that express the above subclones, both singly and in combination. Coexpressing AKH2O2 and Orf5/pBS in E. coli, for example in DH5α or HB101, is found to give insecticidal activity against the Lepidopterans Pluetlla xylostella (Diamondback Moth), Ostrinia nubilalis (European Corn Borer), and Manduca sexta (Tobacco Hornworm), as well as against the Coleopterans Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western Corn Rootworm),Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (Southern Corn Rootworm), and Leptinotarsa decimlineata (Colorado Potato Beetle). Thus, coexpression of hph2 (SEQ ID NO:11, base pairs 23,768-31,336), orf2 (SEQ ID NO:11, base pairs 31,393-35,838), and orf5 (SEQ ID NO:11, base pairs 15,171-18,035) is sufficient to control these insects. In addition, expression of each of these three ORFs on separate plasmids gives insect control activity, demonstrating that they do not have to be genetically linked to be active, so long as all three gene products are present.
Microorganisms which are suitable for the heterologous expression of the nucleotide sequences of the invention are all microorganisms which are capable of colonizing plants or the rhizosphere. As such they will be brought into contact with insect pests. These include gram-negative microorganisms such as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter and Serratia, the gram-positive microorganism Bacillus and the fungi Trichoderma, Gliocladium, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Particularly preferred heterologous hosts are Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas aureofaciens, Pseudomonas aurantiaca, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marscesens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Gliocladium virens, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PAC Expression of the Nucleotide Sequences in E. coli and Other Gram-Negative BacteriaMany genes have been expressed in gram-negative bacteria in a heterologous manner. Expression vector pKK223-3 (Pharmacia catalogue #27-4935-01) allows expression in E. coli. This vector has a strong tac promoter (Brosius, J. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81) regulated by the lac repressor and induced by IPTG. A number of other expression systems have been developed for use in E. coli The thermoinducible expression vector pPL (Pharmacia #27-4946-01) uses a tightly regulated bacteriophage λ promoter which allows for high level expression of proteins. The lac promoter provides another means of expression but the promoter is not expressed at such high levels as the tac promoter. With the addition of broad host range replicons to some of these expression system vectors, expression of the nucleotide sequence in closely related gram negative-bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Serratia and Erwinia is possible. For example, pLRKD211 (Kaiser & Kroos, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 5816-5820 (1984)) contains the broad host range replicon ori Twhich allows replication in many gram-negative bacteria.
In E. coli, induction by IPTG is required for expression of the tac (i.e. trp-lac) promoter. When this same promoter (e.g. on wide-host range plasmid pLRKD21 1) is introduced into Pseudomonas it is constitutively active without induction by IPTG. This trp-lac promoter can be placed in front of any gene or operon of interest for expression in Pseudomonas or any other closely related bacterium for the purposes of the constitutive expression of such a gene. Thus, a nucleotide sequence whose expression results in an insecticidal toxin can therefore be placed behind a strong constitutive promoter, transferred to a bacterium which has plant or rhizosphere colonizing properties turning this organism to an insecticidal agent. Other possible promoters can be used for the constitutive expression of the nucleotide sequence in gram-negative bacteria. These include, for example, the promoter from the Pseudomonas regulatory genes gafA and lemA (WO 94/01561) and the Pseudomonas savastanoi IAA operon promoter (Gaffney et al., J. Bacteriol. 172: 5593-5601 (1 990).
PAC Expression of the Nucleotide Sequences in Gram-Positive BacteriaHeterologous expression of the nucleotides sequence in gram-positive bacteria is another means of producing the insecticidal toxins. Expression systems for Bacillus and Streptomyces are the best characterized. The promoter for the erythromycin resistance gene (ermR) from Streptococcus pneumoniae has been shown to be active in gram-positive aerobes and anaerobes and also in E. coli (Trieu-Cuot et al., Nuci Acids Res 18: 3660 (1990)). A further antibiotic resistance promoter from the thiostreptone gene has been used in Streptomyces cloning vectors (Bibb, Mol Gen Genet 199: 26-36 (1985)). The shuttle vector pHT3101 is also appropriate for expression in Bacillus (Lereclus, FEMS Microbiol Lett 60: 211-218 (1989)). A significant advantage of this approach is that many gram-positive bacteria produce spores which can be used in formulations that produce insecticidal agents with a longer shelf life. Bacillus and Streptomyces species are aggressive colonizers of soils
PAC Expression of the Nucleotide Sequences in FungiTrichoderma harzianum and Gliocladium virens have been shown to provide varying levels of biocontrol in the field (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,165,928 and 4,996,157, both to Cornell Research Foundation). A nucleotide sequence whose expression results in an insecticidal toxin could be expressed in such a fungus. This could be accomplished by a number of ways which are well known in the art. One is protoplast-mediated transformation of the fungus by PEG or electroporation-mediated techniques. Alternatively, particle bombardment can be used to transform protoplasts or other fungal cells with the ability to develop into regenerated mature structures. The vector pAN7-1, originally developed for Aspergillus transformation and now used widely for fungal transformation (Curragh et al., Mycol. Res. 97(3): 313-317 (1992); Tooley et al., Curr. Genet. 21: 55-60 (1992); Punt et al., Gene 56: 117-124 (1987)) is engineered to contain the nucleotide sequence. This plasmid contains the E. coli the hygromycin B resistance gene flanked by the Aspergillus nidulans gpd promoter and the trpC terminator (Punt et al., Gene 56: 117-124 (1987)).
In a preferred embodiment, the nucleic acid sequences of the invention are expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Each of the three ORF's of SEQ ID NO:11 (hph2, orf2 and orf5), which together confer insecticidal activity, are cloned into individual vectors with the GALL inducible promoter and the CYC1 terminator. Each vector has ampicillin resistance and the 2 micron replicon. The vectors differ in their yeast growth markers. hph2 is cloned into p424 (TRP1, ATCC 87329), orf2 into p423 (HIS3, ATCC 87327), and orf5 into p425 (LEU2, ATCC 87331). The three constructs are transformed into S. cerevisiae independently and together. The three ORFs are expressed together and tested for protein expression and insecticidal activity.
Insecticidal formulations are made using active ingredients which comprise either the isolated toxin or alternatively suspensions or concentrates of cells which produce it and which are described in the examples above. For example, E. coli cells expressing the insecticidal toxin may be used for the control of the insect pests. Formulations are made in liquid or solid form and are described below.
PAC Liquid Formulation of Insecticidal CompositionsIn the following examples, percentages of composition are given by weight:
TBL 1. Emulsifiable concentrates: a b c Active ingredient 20% 40% 50% Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 5% 8% 6% Castor oil polyethlene glycol 5% -- -- ether (36 moles of ethylene oxide) Tributylphenol polyethylene glyco -- 12% 4% ether (30 moles of ethylene oxide) Cyclohexanone -- 15% 20% Xylene mixture 70% 25% 20%Emulsions of any required concentration can be produced from such concentrates by dilution with water.
TBL 2. Solutions: a b c d Active ingredient 80% 10% 5% 95% Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether 20% -- -- -- Polyethylene glycol 400 -- 70% -- -- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone -- 20% -- -- Epoxidised coconut oil -- -- 1% 5% Petroleum distillate 94% -- (boiling range 160-1900°)These solutions are suitable for application in the form of microdrops.
TBL 3. Granulates: a b Active ingredient 5% 10% Kaolin 94% -- Highly dispersed silicic acid 1% -- Attapulgit -- 90%The active ingredient is dissolved in methylene chloride, the solution is sprayed onto the carrier, and the solvent is subsequently evaporated off in vacuo.
TBL 4. Dusts: a b Active ingredient 2% 5% Highly dispersed silicic acid 1% 5% Talcum 97% -- Kaolin -- 90%Ready-to-use dusts are obtained by intimately mixing the carriers with the active ingredient.
PAC Solid Formulation of Insecticidal CompositionsIn the following examples, percentages of compositions are by weight.
TBL 1. Wettable powders: a b c Active ingredient 20% 60% 75% Sodium lignosulfonate 5% 5% -- Sodium lauryl sulfate 3% -- 5% Sodium diisobutylnaphthalene sulfonate -- 6% 10% Octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether -- 2% -- (7-8 moles of ethylene oxide) Highly dispersed silicic acid 5% 27% 10% Kaolin 67% -- --The active ingredient is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording wettable powders which can be diluted with water to give suspensions of the desired concentrations.
TBL 2. Emulsifiable concentrate: Active ingredient 10% Octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether 3% (4-5 moles of ethylene oxide) Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3% Castor oil polyglycol ether 4% (36 moles of ethylene oxide) Cyclohexanone 30% Xylene mixture 50%Emulsions of any required concentration can be obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.
TBL 3. Dusts: a b Active ingredient 5% 8% Talcum 95% -- Kaolin -- 92%Ready-to-use dusts are obtained by mixing the active ingredient with the carriers, and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill.
TBL 4. Extruder granulate: Active ingredient 10% Sodium lignosulfonate 2% Carboxymethylcellulose 1% Kaolin 87%The active ingredient is mixed and ground with the adjuvants, and the mixture is subsequently moistened with water. The mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.
TBL 5. Coated granulate: Active ingredient 3% Polyethylene glycol 200 3% Kaolin 94%The finely ground active ingredient is uniformly applied, in a mixer, to the kaolin moistened with polyethylene glycol. Non-dusty coated granulates are obtained in this manner.
TBL 6. Suspension concentrate: Active ingredient 40% Ethylene glycol 10% Nonylphenol polyethylene glycol 6% (15 moles of ethylene oxide) Sodium lignosulfonate 10% Carboxymethylcellulose 1% 37% aqueous formaldehyde solution 0.2% Silicone oil in 75% aqueous emulsion 0.8% Water 32%The finely ground active ingredient is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desire concentration can be obtained by dilution with water.
The insecticidal formulations described above are applied to the plants according to methods well known in the art, in such amounts that the insect pests are controlled by the insecticidal toxin.
The nucleic acid sequences described in this application can be incorporated into plant cells using conventional recombinant DNA technology. Generally, this involves inserting a coding sequence of the invention into an expression system to which the coding sequence is heterologous (i.e., not normally present) using standard cloning procedures known in the art. The vector contains the necessary elements for the transcription and translation of the inserted protein-coding sequences. A large number of vector systems known in the art can be used, such as plasmids, bacteriophage viruses and other modified viruses. Suitable vectors include, but are not limited to, viral vectors such as lambda vector systems λgtl1, λgtl0 and Charon 4; plasmid vectors such as pBI121, pBR322, pACYC177, pACYC184, pAR series, pKK223-3, pUC8, pUC9, pUC18, pUC19, pLG339, pRK290, pKC37, pKC101, PCDNAII; and other similar systems. The components of the expression system may also be modified to increase expression. For example, truncated sequences, nucleotide substitutions or other modifications may be employed. The expression systems described herein can be used to transform virtually any crop plant cell under suitable conditions. Transformed cells can be regenerated into whole plants such that the nucleotide sequence of the invention confer insect resistance to the transgenic plants.
PAC Modification of Coding Sequences and Adjacent SequencesThe nucleotide sequences described in this application can be modified for expression in transgenic plant hosts. A host plant expressing the nucleotide sequences and which produces the insecticidal toxins in its cells has enhanced resistance to insect attack and is thus better equipped to withstand crop losses associated with such attack.
The transgenic expression in plants of genes derived from microbial sources may require the modification of those genes to achieve and optimize their expression in plants. In particular, bacterial ORFs which encode separate enzymes but which are encoded by the same transcript in the native microbe are best expressed in plants on separate transcripts. To achieve this, each microbial ORF is isolated individually and cloned within a cassette which provides a plant promoter sequence at the 5' end of the ORF and a plant transcriptional terminator at the 3' end of the ORF. The isolated ORF sequence preferably includes the initiating ATG codon and the terminating STOP codon but may include additional sequence beyond the initiating ATG and the STOP codon. In addition, the ORF may be truncated, but still retain the required activity; for particularly long ORFs, truncated versions which retain activity may be preferable for expression in transgenic organisms. By "plant promoter" and "plant transcriptional terminator" it is intended to mean promoters and transcriptional terminators which operate within plant cells. This includes promoters and transcription terminators which may be derived from non-plant sources such as viruses (an example is the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus).
In some cases, modification to the ORF coding sequences and adjacent sequence is not required. It is sufficient to isolate a fragment containing the ORF of interest and to insert it downstream of a plant promoter. For example, Gaffney et al. (Science 261: 754-756 (1993)) have expressed the Pseudomonas nahG gene in transgenic plants under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter and the CaMV tml terminator successfully without modification of the coding sequence and with x bp of the Pseudomonas gene upstream of the ATG still attached, and y bp downstream of the STOP codon still attached to the nahG ORF. Preferably as little adjacent microbial sequence should be left attached upstream of the ATG and downstream of the STOP codon. In practice, such construction may depend on the availability of restriction sites.
In other cases, the expression of genes derived from microbial sources may provide problems in expression. These problems have been well characterized in the art and are particularly common with genes derived from certain sources such as Bacillus. These problems may apply to the nucleotide sequence of this invention and the modification of these genes can be undertaken using techniques now well known in the art. The following problems may be encountered:
1. Codon Usage.
The preferred codon usage in plants differs from the preferred codon usage in certain microorganisms. Comparison of the usage of codons within a cloned microbial ORF to usage in plant genes (and in particular genes from the target plant) will enable an identification of the codons within the ORF which should preferably be changed. Typically plant evolution has tended towards a strong preference of the nucleotides C and G in the third base position of monocotyledons, whereas dicotyledons often use the nucleotides A or T at this position. By modifying a gene to incorporate preferred codon usage for a particular target transgenic species, many of the problems described below for GC/AT content and illegitimate splicing will be overcome.
2. GC/AT Content.
Plant genes typically have a GC content of more than 35%. ORF sequences which are rich in A and T nucleotides can cause several problems in plants. Firstly, motifs of ATTTA are believed to cause destabilization of messages and are found at the 3' end of many short-lived mRNAs. Secondly, the occurrence of polyadenylation signals such as AATAAA at inappropriate positions within the message is believed to cause premature truncation of transcription. In addition, monocotyledons may recognize AT-rich sequences as splice sites (see below).
3. Sequences Adjacent to the Initiating Methionine.
Plants differ from microorganisms in that their messages do not possess a defined ribosome binding site. Rather, it is believed that ribosomes attach to the 5' end of the message and scan for the first available ATG at which to start translation. Nevertheless, it is believed that there is a preference for certain nucleotides adjacent to the ATG and that expression of microbial genes can be enhanced by the inclusion of a eukaryotic consensus translation initiator at the ATG. Clontech (1993/1994 catalog, page 210, incorporated herein by reference) have suggested one sequence as a consensus translation initiator for the expression of the E. coli uidA gene in plants. Further, Joshi (NAR 15: 6643-6653 (1987), incorporated herein by reference) has compared many plant sequences adjacent to the ATG and suggests another consensus sequence. In situations where difficulties are encountered in the expression of microbial ORFs in plants, inclusion of one of these sequences at the initiating ATG may improve translation. In such cases the last three nucleotides of the consensus may not be appropriate for inclusion in the modified sequence due to their modification of the second AA residue. Preferred sequences adjacent to the initiating methionine may differ between different plant species. A survey of 14 maize genes located in the GenBank database provided the following results:
TBL Position Before the Initiating ATG in 14 Maize Genes: -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 C 3 8 4 6 2 5 6 0 10 7 T 3 0 3 4 3 2 1 1 1 0 A 2 3 1 4 3 2 3 7 2 3 G 6 3 6 0 6 5 4 6 1 5This analysis can be done for the desired plant species into which the nucleotide sequence is being incorporated, and the sequence adjacent to the ATG modified to incorporate the preferred nucleotides.
4. Removal of Illegitimate Splice Sites.
Genes cloned from non-plant sources and not optimized for expression in plants may also contain motifs which may be recognized in plants as 5' or 3' splice sites, and be cleaved, thus generating truncated or deleted messages. These sites can be removed using the techniques well known in the art.
Techniques for the modification of coding sequences and adjacent sequences are well known in the art. In cases where the initial expression of a microbial ORF is low and it is deemed appropriate to make alterations to the sequence as described above, then the construction of synthetic genes can be accomplished according to methods well known in the art. These are, for example, described in the published patent disclosures EP 0 385 962 (to Monsanto), EP 0 359 472 (to Lubrizol) and WO 93/07278 (to Ciba-Geigy), all of which are incorporated herein by reference. In most cases it is preferable to assay the expression of gene constructions using transient assay protocols (which are well known in the art) prior to their transfer to transgenic plants.
PAC Construction of Plant Expression CassettesCoding sequences intended for expression in transgenic plants are first assembled in expression cassettes behind a suitable promoter expressible in plants. The expression cassettes may also comprise any further sequences required or selected for the expression of the transgene. Such sequences include, but are not restricted to, transcription terminators, extraneous sequences to enhance expression such as introns, vital sequences, and sequences intended for the targeting of the gene product to specific organelles and cell compartments. These expression cassettes can then be easily transferred to the plant transformation vectors described below. The following is a description of various components of typical expression cassettes.
1. Promoters
The selection of the promoter used in expression cassettes will determine the spatial and temporal expression pattern of the transgene in the transgenic plant. Selected promoters will express transgenes in specific cell types (such as leaf epidermal cells, mesophyll cells, root cortex cells) or in specific tissues or organs (roots, leaves or flowers, for example) and the selection will reflect the desired location of accumulation of the gene product. Alternatively, the selected promoter may drive expression of the gene under various inducing conditions. Promoters vary in their strength, i.e., ability to promote transcription. Depending upon the host cell system utilized, any one of a number of suitable promoters can be used, including the gene's native promoter. The following are non-limiting examples of promoters that may be used in expression cassettes.
a. Constitutive Expression, the Ubiquitin Promoter:
Ubiquitin is a gene product known to accumulate in many cell types and its promoter has been cloned from several species for use in transgenic plants (e.g. sunflower--Binet et al. Plant Science 79: 87-94 (1991); maize--Christensen etal. Plant Molec. Biol. 12: 619-632 (1989); and Arabidopsis--Norris et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 21:895-906 (1993)). The maize ubiquitin promoter has been developed in transgenic monocot systems and its sequence and vectors constructed for monocot transformation are disclosed in the patent publication EP 0 342 926 (to Lubrizol) which is herein incorporated by reference. Taylor et al. (Plant Cell Rep. 12: 491-495 (1993)) describe a vector (pAHC25) that comprises the maize ubiquitin promoter and first intron and its high activity in cell suspensions of numerous monocotyledons when introduced via microprojectile bombardment. The Arabidopsis ubiquitin promoter is ideal for use with the nucleotide sequences of the present invention. The ubiquitin promoter is suitable for gene expression in transgenic plants, both monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Suitable vectors are derivatives of pAHC25 or any of the transformation vectors described in this application, modified by the introduction of the appropriate ubiquitin promoter and/or intron sequences.
b. Constitutive Expression, the CaMV 35S Promoter:
Construction of the plasmid pCGN1761 is described in the published patent application EP 0 392 225 (Example 23), which is hereby incorporated by reference. pCGN1761 contains the "double" CaMV 35S promoter and the tml transcriptional terminator with a unique EcoRI site between the promoter and the terminator and has a pUC-type backbone. A derivative of pCGN1761 is constructed which has a modified polylinker which includes Notl and Xhol sites in addition to the existing EcoRI site. This derivative is designated pCGN1761ENX. pCGN1761ENX is useful for the cloning of cDNA sequences or coding sequences (including microbial ORF sequences) within its polylinker for the purpose of their expression under the control of the 35S promoter in transgenic plants. The entire 35S promoter-coding sequence-tml terminator cassette of such a construction can be excised by HindIII, Sphl, Sall, and Xbal sites 5' to the promoter and Xbal, BamHI and Bgll sites 3' to the terminator for transfer to transformation vectors such as those described below. Furthermore, the double 35S promoter fragment can be removed by 5' excision with HindIII, Sphl, Sall, Xbal, or Pstl, and 3' excision with any of the polylinker restriction sites (EcoRI, Notl or Xhol) for replacement with another promoter. If desired, modifications around the cloning sites can be made by the introduction of sequences that may enhance translation. This is particularly useful when overexpression is desired. For example, pCGN1761ENX may be modified by optimization of the translational initiation site as described in Example 37 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,639,949, incorporated herein by reference.
c. Constitutive Expression, the Actin Promoter:
Several isoforms of actin are known to be expressed in most cell types and consequently the actin promoter is a good choice for a constitutive promoter. In particular, the promoter from the rice Actl gene has been cloned and characterized (McElroy et al. Plant Cell 2: 163-171 (1990)). A 1.3kb fragment of the promoter was found to contain all the regulatory elements required for expression in rice protoplasts. Furthermore, numerous expression vectors based on the Actl promoter have been constructed specifically for use in monocotyledons (McElroy et al. Mol. Gen. Genet. 231: 150-160 (1991)). These incorporate the Actl-intron 1, Adhl 5' flanking sequence and Adhl-intron 1 (from the maize alcohol dehydrogenase gene) and sequence from the CaMV 35S promoter. Vectors showing highest expression were fusions of 35S and Actl intron or the Actl 5' flanking sequence and the Actl intron. Optimization of sequences around the initiating ATG (of the GUS reporter gene) also enhanced expression. The promoter expression cassettes described by McElroy et al. (Mol. Gen. Genet. 231: 150-160 (1991)) can be easily modified for gene expression and are particularly suitable for use in monocotyledonous hosts. For example, promoter-containing fragments is removed from the McElroy constructions and used to replace the double 35S promoter in pCGN1761ENX, which is then available for the insertion of specific gene sequences. The fusion genes thus constructed can then be transferred to appropriate transformation vectors. In a separate report, the rice Actl promoter with its first intron has also been found to direct high expression in cultured barley cells (Chibbar et al. Plant Cell Rep. 12: 506-509 (1993)).
d. Inducible Expression, the PR-1 Promoter:
The double 35S promoter in pCGN1761ENX may be replaced with any other promoter of choice that will result in suitably high expression levels. By way of example, one of the chemically regulatable promoters described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,614,395 may replace the double 35S promoter. The promoter of choice is preferably excised from its source by restriction enzymes, but can alternatively be PCR-amplified using primers that carry appropriate terminal restriction sites. Should PCR-amplification be undertaken, then the promoter should be re-sequenced to check for amplification errors after the cloning of the amplified promoter in the target vector. The chemically/pathogen regulatable tobacco PR-1a promoter is cleaved from plasmid pCIB1004 (for construction, see example 21 of EP 0 332 104, which is hereby incorporated by reference) and transferred to plasmid pCGN1761ENX (Uknes et al., 1992). pCIB1004 is cleaved with Ncol and the resultant 3' overhang of the linearized fragment is rendered blunt by treatment with T4 DNA polymerase. The fragment is then cleaved with HindIII and the resultant PR-1a promoter-containing fragment is gel purified and cloned into pCGN1761ENX from which the double 35S promoter has been removed. This is done by cleavage with Xhol and blunting with T4 polymerase, followed by cleavage with HindIII and isolation of the larger vector-terminator containing fragment into which the pCIB1004 promoter fragment is cloned. This generates a pCGN1761 ENX derivative with the PR-1a promoter and the tml terminator and an intervening polylinker with unique EcoRI and Notl sites. The selected coding sequence can be inserted into this vector, and the fusion products (i.e. promoter-gene-terminator) can subsequently be transferred to any selected transformation vector, including those described infra. Various chemical regulators may be employed to induce expression of the selected coding sequence in the plants transformed according to the present invention, including the benzothiadiazole, isonicotinic acid, and salicylic acid compounds disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,523,311 and 5,614,395.
e. Inducible Expression, an Ethanol-Inducible Promoter:
A promoter inducible by certain alcohols or ketones, such as ethanol, may also be used to confer inducible expression of a coding sequence of the present invention. Such a promoter is for example the alcA gene promoter from Aspergillus nidulans (Caddick et al. (1998) Nat. Biotechnol 16:177-180). In A. nidulans, the alcA gene encodes alcohol dehydrogenase I, the expression of which is regulated by the AlcR transcription factors in presence of the chemical inducer. For the purposes of the present invention, the CAT coding sequences in plasmid palcA:CAT comprising a alcA gene promoter sequence fused to a minimal 35S promoter (Caddick et al. (1998) Nat. Biotechnol 16:177-180) are replaced by a coding sequence of the present invention to form an expression cassette having the coding sequence under the control of the alcA gene promoter. This is carried out using methods well known in the art.
f. Inducible Expression, a Glucocorticoid-lnducible Promoter:
Induction of expression of a nucleic acid sequence of the present invention using systems based on steroid hormones is also contemplated. For example, a glucocorticoid-mediated induction system is used (Aoyama and Chua (1997) The Plant Journal 11: 605-612) and gene expression is induced by application of a glucocorticoid, for example a synthetic glucocorticoid, preferably dexamethasone, preferably at a concentration ranging from 0.1 mM to 1 mM, more preferably from 10 mM to 100 mM. For the purposes of the present invention, the luciferase gene sequences are replaced by a nucleic acid sequence of the invention to form an expression cassette having a nucleic acid sequence of the invention under the control of six copies of the GAL4 upstream activating sequences fused to the 35S minimal promoter. This is carried out using methods well known in the art. The trans-acting factor comprises the GAL4 DNA-binding domain (Keegan et al. (1986) Science 231: 699-704) fused to the transactivating domain of the herpes viral protein VP16 (Triezenberg et al. (1988) Genes Devel. 2: 718-729) fused to the hormone-binding domain of the rat glucocorticoid receptor (Picard et al. (1988) Cell 54: 1073-1080). The expression of the fusion protein is controlled by any promoter suitable for expression in plants known in the art or described here. This expression cassette is also comprised in the plant comprising a nucleic acid sequence of the invention fused to the 6xGAL4/minimal promoter. Thus, tissue- or organ-specificity of the fusion protein is achieved leading to inducible tissue- or organ-specificity of the insecticidal toxin.
g. Root Specific Expression:
Another pattern of gene expression is root expression. A suitable root promoter is described by de Framond (FEBS 290: 103-106 (1991)) and also in the published patent application EP 0 452 269, which is herein incorporated by reference. This promoter is transferred to a suitable vector such as pCGN1761ENX for the insertion of a selected gene and subsequent transfer of the entire promoter-gene-terminator cassette to a transformation vector of interest.
h. Wound-Inducible Promoters:
Wound-inducible promoters may also be suitable for gene expression. Numerous such promoters have been described (e.g. Xu et al. Plant Molec. Biol. 22: 573-588 (1993), Logemann et al. Plant Cell 1: 151-158 (1989), Rohrmeier & Lehle, Plant Molec. Biol. 22: 783-792 (1993), Firek et aL Plant Molec. Biol. 22: 129-142 (1993), Warner et al. Plant J. 3: 191-201 (1993)) and all are suitable for use with the instant invention. Logemann et al. describe the 5' upstream sequences of the dicotyledonous potato wunl gene. Xu et al. show that a wound-inducible promoter from the dicotyledon potato (pin2) is active in the monocotyledon rice. Further, Rohrmeier & Lehle describe the cloning of the maize Wipl cDNA which is wound induced and which can be used to isolate the cognate promoter using standard techniques. Similar, Firek et al. and Warner et al. have described a wound-induced gene from the monocotyledon Asparagus officinalis, which is expressed at local wound and pathogen invasion sites. Using cloning techniques well known in the art, these promoters can be transferred to suitable vectors, fused to the genes pertaining to this invention, and used to express these genes at the sites of plant wounding.
i. Pith-Preferred Expression:
Patent Application WO 93/07278, which is herein incorporated by reference, describes the isolation of the maize trpA gene, which is preferentially expressed in pith cells. The gene sequence and promoter extending up to -1726 bp from the start of transcription are presented. Using standard molecular biological techniques, this promoter, or parts thereof, can be transferred to a vector such as pCGN1761 where it can replace the 35S promoter and be used to drive the expression of a foreign gene in a pith-preferred manner. In fact, fragments containing the pith-preferred promoter or parts thereof can be transferred to any vector and modified for utility in transgenic plants.
j. Leaf-Specific Expression:
A maize gene encoding phosphoenol carboxylase (PEPC) has been described by Hudspeth & Grula (Plant Molec Biol 12: 579-589 (1989)). Using standard molecular biological techniques the promoter for this gene can be used to drive the expression of any gene in a leaf-specific manner in transgenic plants.
k. Pollen-Specific Expression:
WO 93/07278 describes the isolation of the maize calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) gene which is expressed in pollen cells. The gene sequence and promoter extend up to 1400 bp from the start of transcription. Using standard molecular biological techniques, this promoter or parts thereof, can be transferred to a vector such as pCGN1761 where it can replace the 35S promoter and be used to drive the expression of a nucleic acid sequence of the invention in a pollen-specific manner.
2. Transcriptional Terminators
A variety of transcriptional terminators are available for use in expression cassettes. These are responsible for the termination of transcription beyond the transgene and its correct polyadenylation. Appropriate transcriptional terminators are those that are known to function in plants and include the CaMV 35S terminator, the tml terminator, the nopaline synthase terminator and the pea rbcS E9 terminator. These can be used in both monocotyledons and dicotyledons. In addition, a gene's native transcription terminator may be used.
3. Sequences for the Enhancement or Regulation of Expression
Numerous sequences have been found to enhance gene expression from within the transcriptional unit and these sequences can be used in conjunction with the genes of this invention to increase their expression in transgenic plants.
Various intron sequences have been shown to enhance expression, particularly in monocotyledonous cells. For example, the introns of the maize Adhl gene have been found to significantly enhance the expression of the wild-type gene under its cognate promoter when introduced into maize cells. Intron 1 was found to be particularly effective and enhanced expression in fusion constructs with the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (Callis et al., Genes Develop. 1: 1183-1200 (1987)). In the same experimental system, the intron from the maize bronzel gene had a similar effect in enhancing expression. Intron sequences have been routinely incorporated into plant transformation vectors, typically within the non-translated leader.
A number of non-translated leader sequences derived from viruses are also known to enhance expression, and these are particularly effective in dicotyledonous cells. Specifically, leader sequences from Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV, the "W-sequence"), Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus (MCMV), and Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (AMV) have been shown to be effective in enhancing expression (e.g. Gallie et al. Nucl. Acids Res. 15: 8693-8711 (1987); Skuzeski etal. Plant Molec. Biol. 15: 65-79 (1990)).
4. Targeting of the Gene Product Within the Cell
Various mechanisms for targeting gene products are known to exist in plants and the sequences controlling the functioning of these mechanisms have been characterized in some detail. For example, the targeting of gene products to the chloroplast is controlled by a signal sequence found at the amino terminal end of various proteins which is cleaved during chloroplast import to yield the mature protein (e.g. Comai et al. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 15104-15109 (1988)). These signal sequences can be fused to heterologous gene products to effect the import of heterologous products into the chloroplast (van den Broeck, et al. Nature 313: 358-363 (1985)). DNA encoding for appropriate signal sequences can be isolated from the 5' end of the cDNAs encoding the RUBISCO protein, the CAB protein, the EPSP synthase enzyme, the GS2 protein and many other proteins which are known to be chloroplast localized. See also, the section entitled "Expression With Chloroplast Targeting" in Example 37 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,639,949.
Other gene products are localized to other organelles such as the mitochondrion and the peroxisome (e.g. Unger et aL Plant Molec. Biol. 13: 411-418 (1989)). The cDNAs encoding these products can also be manipulated to effect the targeting of heterologous gene products to these organelles. Examples of such sequences are the nuclear-encoded ATPases and specific aspartate amino transferase isoforms for mitochondria. Targeting cellular protein bodies has been described by Rogers et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 6512-6516 (1985)).
In addition, sequences have been characterized which cause the targeting of gene products to other cell compartments. Amino terminal sequences are responsible for targeting to the ER, the apoplast, and extracellular secretion from aleurone cells (Koehler & Ho, Plant Cell 2: 769-783 (1990)). Additionally, amino terminal sequences in conjunction with carboxy terminal sequences are responsible for vacuolar targeting of gene products (Shinshi et al. Plant Molec. Biol. 14: 357-368 (1990)).
By the fusion of the appropriate targeting sequences described above to transgene sequences of interest it is possible to direct the transgene product to any organelle or cell compartment. For chloroplast targeting, for example, the chloroplast signal sequence from the RUBISCO gene, the CAB gene, the EPSP synthase gene, or the GS2 gene is fused in frame to the amino terminal ATG of the transgene. The signal sequence selected should include the known cleavage site, and the fusion constructed should take into account any amino acids after the cleavage site which are required for cleavage. In some cases this requirement may be fulfilled by the addition of a small number of amino acids between the cleavage site and the transgene ATG or, alternatively, replacement of some amino acids within the transgene sequence. Fusions constructed for chloroplast import can be tested for efficacy of chloroplast uptake by in vitro translation of in vitro transcribed constructions followed by in vitro chloroplast uptake using techniques described by Bartlett et al. In: Edelmann et al. (Eds.) Methods in Chloroplast Molecular Biology, Elsevier pp 1081-1091 (1982) and Wasmann et al. Mol. Gen. Genet. 205: 446-453 (1986). These construction techniques are well known in the art and are equally applicable to mitochondria and peroxisomes.
The above-described mechanisms for cellular targeting can be utilized not only in conjunction with their cognate promoters, but also in conjunction with heterologous promoters so as to effect a specific cell-targeting goal under the transcriptional regulation of a promoter that has an expression pattern different to that of the promoter from which the targeting signal derives.
PAC Construction of Plant Transformation VectorsNumerous transformation vectors available for plant transformation are known to those of ordinary skill in the plant transformation arts, and the genes pertinent to this invention can be used in conjunction with any such vectors. The selection of vector will depend upon the preferred transformation technique and the target species for transformation. For certain target species, different antibiotic or herbicide selection markers may be preferred. Selection markers used routinely in transformation include the nptII gene, which confers resistance to kanamycin and related antibiotics (Messing & Vierra. Gene 19: 259-268 (1982); Bevan et al., Nature 304:184-187 (1983)), the bar gene, which confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin (White et al., Nucl. Acids Res 18: 1062 (1990), Spencer et al. Theor. Appl. Genet 79: 625-631 (1990)), the hph gene, which confers resistance to the antibiotic hygromycin (Blochinger & Diggelmann, Mol Cell Biol 4: 2929-2931), and the dhfr gene, which confers resistance to methatrexate (Bourouis et al., EMBO J. 2(7): 1099-1104 (1983)), and the EPSPS gene, which confers resistance to glyphosate (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,940,935 and 5,188,642).
1. Vectors Suitable for Agrobacterium Transformation
Many vectors are available for transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. These typically carry at least one T-DNA border sequence and include vectors such as pBIN19 (Bevan, Nucl. Acids Res. (1984)) and pXYZ. Below, the construction of two typical vectors suitable for Agrobacterium transformation is described.
a. pCIB200 and pCIB2001:
The binary vectors pcIB200 and pCIB2001 are used for the construction of recombinant vectors for use with Agrobacterium and are constructed in the following manner. pTJS75kan is created by Narl digestion of pTJS75 (Schmidhauser & Helinski, J. Bacteriol. 164: 446-455 (1985)) allowing excision of the tetracycline-resistance gene, followed by insertion of an Acci fragment from pUC4K carrying an NPTII (Messing & Vierra, Gene 19: 259-268 (1982): Bevan et al., Nature 304: 184-187 (1983): McBride et al., Plant Molecular Biology 14: 266-276 (1990)). Xhol linkers are ligated to the EcoRV fragment of PCIB7 which contains the left and right T-DNA borders, a plant selectable nos/nptll chimeric gene and the pUC polylinker (Rothstein et al., Gene 53: 153-161 (1987)), and the Xhol-digested fragment are cloned into Sail-digested pTJS75kan to create pCIB200 (see also EP 0 332 104, example 19). pCIB200 contains the following unique polylinker restriction sites: EcoRI, Sstl, Kpnl, Bglll, Xbal, and Sall. pCIB2001 is a derivative of pCIB200 created by the insertion into the polylinker of additional restriction sites. Unique restriction sites in the polylinker of pCIB2001 are EcoRI, SstI, Kpnl, Bglll, Xbal, Sall, Mlul, Bcll, Avrll, Apal, Hpal, and Stul. pCIB2001, in addition to containing these unique restriction sites also has plant and bacterial kanamycin selection, left and right T-DNA borders for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, the RK2-derived trfA function for mobilization between E. coli and other hosts, and the OriT and OriV functions also from RK2. The pCIB2001 polylinker is suitable for the cloning of plant expression cassettes containing their own regulatory signals.
b. pCIB10 and Hygromycin Selection Derivatives thereof:
The binary vector pCIB10 contains a gene encoding kanamycin resistance for selection in plants and T-DNA right and left border sequences and incorporates sequences from the wide host-range plasmid pRK252 allowing it to replicate in both E. coli and Agrobacterium. Its construction is described by Rothstein et aL (Gene 53: 153-161 (1987)). Various derivatives of pCIB10 are constructed which incorporate the gene for hygromycin B phosphotransferase described by Gritz et aL (Gene 25: 179-188 (1983)). These derivatives enable selection of transgenic plant cells on hygromycin only (pCIB743), or hygromycin and kanamycin (pCIB715, pCIB717).
2. Vectors Suitable for non-Agrobacterium Transformation
Transformation without the use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens circumvents the requirement for T-DNA sequences in the chosen transformation vector and consequently vectors lacking these sequences can be utilized in addition to vectors such as the ones described above which contain T-DNA sequences. Transformation techniques that do not rely on Agrobacterium include transformation via particle bombardment, protoplast uptake (e.g. PEG and electroporation) and microinjection. The choice of vector depends largely on the preferred selection for the species being transformed. Below, the construction of typical vectors suitable for non-Agrobacterium transformation is described.
a. pCIB3064:
pCIB3064 is a pUC-derived vector suitable for direct gene transfer techniques in combination with selection by the herbicide basta (or phosphinothricin). The plasmid pCIB246 comprises the CaMV 35S promoter in operational fusion to the E. coli GUS gene and the CaMV 355 transcriptional terminator and is described in the PCT published application WO 93/07278. The 35S promoter of this vector contains two ATG sequences 5' of the start site. These sites are mutated using standard PCR techniques in such a way as to remove the ATGs and generate the restriction sites Sspl and Pvull. The new restriction sites are 96 and 37 bp away from the unique Sall site and 101 and 42 bp away from the actual start site. The resultant derivative of pCIB246 is designated pCIB3025. The GUS gene is then excised from pCIB3025 by digestion with Sall and Sacl, the termini rendered blunt and religated to generate plasmid pCIB3060. The plasmid pJIT82 is obtained from the John Innes Centre, Norwich and the a 400 bp Smal fragment containing the bar gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes is excised and inserted into the Hpal site of pCIB3060 (Thompson et a/. EMBO J 6: 2519-2523 (1987)). This generated pCIB3064, which comprises the bar gene under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter and terminator for herbicide selection, a gene for ampicillin resistance (for selection in E. coli) and a polylinker with the unique sites Sphl, Pstl, HindIII, and BamHI. This vector is suitable for the cloning of plant expression cassettes containing their own regulatory signals.
b. pSOG19 and pSOG35:
pSOG35 is a transformation vector that utilizes the E. coli gene dihydrofolate reductase (DFR) as a selectable marker conferring resistance to methotrexate. PCR is used to amplify the 35S promoter (-800 bp), intron 6 from the maize Adhl gene (-550 bp) and 18 bp of the GUS untranslated leader sequence from pSOG10. A 250-bp fragment encoding the E. coli dihydrofolate reductase type II gene is also amplified by PCR and these two PCR fragments are assembled with a Sacl-Pstl fragment from pBl221 (Clontech) which comprises the pUC19 vector backbone and the nopaline synthase terminator. Assembly of these fragments generates pSOG19 which contains the 35S promoter in fusion with the intron 6 sequence, the GUS leader, the DHFR gene and the nopaline synthase terminator. Replacement of the GUS leader in pSOG19 with the leader sequence from Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus (MCMV) generates the vector pSOG35. pSOG19 and pSOG35 carry the pUC gene for ampicillin resistance and have HindIII, Sphl, Pstl and EcoRI sites available for the cloning of foreign substances.
3. Vector Suitable for Chloroplast Transformation
For expression of a nucleotide sequence of the present invention in plant plastids, plastid transformation vector pPH143 (WO 97/32011, example 36) is used. The nucleotide sequence is inserted into pPH143 thereby replacing the PROTOX coding sequence. This vector is then used for plastid transformation and selection of transformants for spectinomycin resistance. Alternatively, the nucleotide sequence is inserted in pPH143 so that it replaces the aadH gene. In this case, transformants are selected for resistance to PROTOX inhibitors.
PAC TransformationOnce a nucleic acid sequence of the invention has been cloned into an expression system, it is transformed into a plant cell. Methods for transformation and regeneration of plants are well known in the art. For example, Ti plasmid vectors have been utilized for the delivery of foreign DNA, as well as direct DNA uptake, liposomes, electroporation, micro-injection, and microprojectiles. In addition, bacteria from the genus Agrobacterium can be utilized to transform plant cells. Below are descriptions of representative techniques for transforming both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants.
1. Transformation of Dicotyledons
Transformation techniques for dicotyledons are well known in the art and include grobacterium-based techniques and techniques that do not require Agrobacterium. Non-Agrobacterium techniques involve the uptake of exogenous genetic material directly by protoplasts or cells. This can be accomplished by PEG or electroporation mediated uptake, particle bombardment-mediated delivery, or microinjection. Examples of these techniques are described by Paszkowski et al., EMBO J 3: 2717-2722 (1984), Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 199: 169-177 (1985), Reich et aL, Biotechnology 4: 1001-1004 (1986), and Klein et al., Nature 327: 70-73 (1987). In each case the transformed cells are regenerated to whole plants using standard techniques known in the art.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is a preferred technique for transformation of dicotyledons because of its high efficiency of transformation and its broad utility with many different species. Agrobacterium transformation typically involves the transfer of the binary vector carrying the foreign DNA of interest (e.g. pCIB200 or pCIB2001) to an appropriate Agrobacterium strain which may depend of the complement of vir genes carried by the host Agrobacterium strain either on a co-resident Ti plasmid or chromosomally (e.g. strain CIB542 for pCIB200 and pCIB2001 (Uknes et al. Plant Cell 5: 159-169 (1993)). The transfer of the recombinant binary vector to Agrobacterium is accomplished by a triparental mating procedure using E. coli carrying the recombinant binary vector, a helper E. coli strain which carries a plasmid such as pRK2013 and which is able to mobilize the recombinant binary vector to the target Agrobacterium strain. Alternatively, the recombinant binary vector can be transferred to Agrobacterium by DNA transformation (Hofgen & Willmitzer, Nucl. Acids Res. 16: 9877 (1988)).
Transformation of the target plant species by recombinant Agrobacterium usually involves co-cultivation of the Agrobacterium with explants from the plant and follows protocols well known in the art. Transformed tissue is regenerated on selectable medium carrying the antibiotic or herbicide resistance marker present between the binary plasmid T-DNA borders.
Another approach to transforming plant cells with a gene involves propelling inert or biologically active particles at plant tissues and cells. This technique is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,945,050, 5,036,006, and 5,100,792 all to Sanford et al. Generally, this procedure involves propelling inert or biologically active particles at the cells under conditions effective to penetrate the outer surface of the cell and afford incorporation within the interior thereof. When inert particles are utilized, the vector can be introduced into the cell by coating the particles with the vector containing the desired gene. Alternatively, the target cell can be surrounded by the vector so that the vector is carried into the cell by the wake of the particle. Biologically active particles (e.g., dried yeast cells, dried bacterium or a bacteriophage, each containing DNA sought to be introduced) can also be propelled into plant cell tissue.
2. Transformation of Monocotyledons
Transformation of most monocotyledon species has now also become routine. Preferred techniques include direct gene transfer into protoplasts using PEG or electroporation techniques, and particle bombardment into callus tissue. Transformations can be undertaken with a single DNA species or multiple DNA species (i.e. co-transformation) and both these techniques are suitable for use with this invention. Co-transformation may have the advantage of avoiding complete vector construction and of generating transgenic plants with unlinked loci for the gene of interest and the selectable marker, enabling the removal of the selectable marker in subsequent generations, should this be regarded desirable. However, a disadvantage of the use of co-transformation is the less than 100% frequency with which separate DNA species are integrated into the genome (Schocher et al. Biotechnology 4: 1093-1096 (1986)).
Patent Applications EP 0 292 435, EP 0 392 225, and WO 93/07278 describe techniques for the preparation of callus and protoplasts from an elite inbred line of maize, transformation of protoplasts using PEG or electroporation, and the regeneration of maize plants from transformed protoplasts. Gordon-Kamm et al. (Plant Cell 2: 603-618 (1990)) and Fromm et al. (Biotechnology 8: 833-839 (1990)) have published techniques for transformation of A188-derived maize line using particle bombardment. Furthermore, WO 93/07278 and Koziel et al. (Biotechnology 11: 194-200 (1993)) describe techniques for the transformation of elite inbred lines of maize by particle bombardment. This technique utilizes immature maize embryos of 1.5-2.5 mm length excised from a maize ear 14-15 days after pollination and a PDS-1000He Biolistics device for bombardment.
Transformation of rice can also be undertaken by direct gene transfer techniques utilizing protoplasts or particle bombardment. Protoplast-mediated transformation has been described for Japonica-types and Indica-types (Zhang et al. Plant Cell Rep 7: 379-384 (1988); Shimamoto et al. Nature 338: 274-277 (1989); Datta et al. Biotechnology 8: 736-740 (1990)). Both types are also routinely transformable using particle bombardment (Christou et al. Biotechnology 9: 957-962 (1991)). Furthermore, WO 93/21335 describes techniques for the transformation of rice via electroporation.
Patent Application EP 0 332 581 describes techniques for the generation, transformation and regeneration of Pooideae protoplasts. These techniques allow the transformation of Dactylis and wheat. Furthermore, wheat transformation has been described by Vasil etal. (Biotechnology 10: 667-674 (1992)) using particle bombardment into cells of type C long-term regenerable callus, and also by Vasil et al. (Biotechnology 11: 1553-1558 (1993)) and Weeks et al. (Plant Physiol. 102: 1077-1084 (1993)) using particle bombardment of immature embryos and immature embryo-derived callus. A preferred technique for wheat transformation, however, involves the transformation of wheat by particle bombardment of immature embryos and includes either a high sucrose or a high maltose step prior to gene delivery. Prior to bombardment, any number of embryos (0.75-1 mm in length) are plated onto MS medium with 3% sucrose (Murashiga & Skoog, Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473-497 (1962)) and 3 mg/l 2,4-D for induction of somatic embryos, which is allowed to proceed in the dark. On the chosen day of bombardment, embryos are removed from the induction medium and placed onto the osmoticum (i.e. induction medium with sucrose or maltose added at the desired concentration, typically 15%). The embryos are allowed to plasmolyze for 2-3 h and are then bombarded. Twenty embryos per target plate is typical, although not critical. An appropriate gene-carrying plasmid (such as pCIB3064 or pSG35) is precipitated onto micrometer size gold particles using standard procedures. Each plate of embryos is shot with the DuPont Biolistics® helium device using a burst pressure of ∼1000 psi using a standard 80 mesh screen. After bombardment, the embryos are placed back into the dark to recover for about 24 h (still on osmoticum). After 24 hrs, the embryos are removed from the osmoticum and placed back onto induction medium where they stay for about a month before regeneration. Approximately one month later the embryo explants with developing embryogenic callus are transferred to regeneration medium (MS+1 mg/liter NAA, 5 mg/liter GA), further containing the appropriate selection agent (10 mg/l basta in the case of pCIB3064 and 2 mg/l methotrexate in the case of pSOG35). After approximately one month, developed shoots are transferred to larger sterile containers known as "GA7s" which contain half-strength MS, 2% sucrose, and the same concentration of selection agent.
Tranformation of monocotyledons using Agrobacterium has also been described. See, WO 94/00977 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,591,616, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
3. Transformation of Plastids
Seeds of Nicotiana tabacum c.v. `Xanthi nc` are germinated seven per plate in a 1" circular array on T agar medium and bombarded 12-14 days after sowing with 1 μm tungsten particles (M10, Biorad, Hercules, Calif.) coated with DNA from plasmids pPH143 and pPH145 essentially as described (Svab, Z. and Maliga, P. (1993) PNAS 90, 913-917). Bombarded seedlings are incubated on T medium for two days after which leaves are excised and placed abaxial side up in bright light (350-500 μmol photons/m2 /s) on plates of RMOP medium (Svab, Z., Hajdukiewicz, P. and Maliga, P. (1990) PNAS 87, 8526-8530) containing 500 μg/ml spectinomycin dihydrochloride (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.). Resistant shoots appearing underneath the bleached leaves three to eight weeks after bombardment are subcloned onto the same selective medium, allowed to form callus, and secondary shoots isolated and subcloned. Complete segregation of transformed plastid genome copies (homoplasmicity) in independent subclones is assessed by standard techniques of Southern blotting (Sambrook et al., (1989) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor). BamHI/EcoRI-digested total cellular DNA (Mettler, I. J. (1987) Plant Mol Biol Reporter 5, 346-349) is separated on 1% Tris-borate (TBE) agarose gels, transferred to nylon membranes (Amersham) and probed with 32 P-labeled random primed DNA sequences corresponding to a 0.7 kb BamHI/HindIII DNA fragment from pC8 containing a portion of the rps7/12 plastid targeting sequence. Homoplasmic shoots are rooted aseptically on spectinomycin-containing MS/IBA medium (McBride, K. E. et al. (1994) PNAS 91, 7301-7305) and transferred to the greenhouse.
PAC Example 28The plants obtained via tranformation with a nucleic acid sequence of the present invention can be any of a wide variety of plant species, including those of monocots and dicots; however, the plants used in the method of the invention are preferably selected from the list of agronomically important target crops set forth supra. The expression of a gene of the present invention in combination with other characteristics important for production and quality can be incorporated into plant lines through breeding. Breeding approaches and techniques are known in the art. See, for example, Welsh J. R., Fundamentals of Plant Genetics and Breeding, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1981); Crop Breeding, Wood D. R. (Ed.) American Society of Agronomy Madison, Wis. (1983); Mayo O., The Theory of Plant Breeding, Second Edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1987); Singh, D.P., Breeding for Resistance to Diseases and Insect Pests, Springer-Verlag, N.Y. (1986); and Wricke and Weber, Quantitative Genetics and Selection Plant Breeding, Walter de Gruyter and Co., Berlin (1986).
The genetic properties engineered into the transgenic seeds and plants described above are passed on by sexual reproduction or vegetative growth and can thus be maintained and propagated in progeny plants. Generally said maintenance and propagation make use of known agricultural methods developed to fit specific purposes such as tilling, sowing or harvesting. Specialized processes such as hydroponics or greenhouse technologies can also be applied. As the growing crop is vulnerable to attack and damages caused by insects or infections as well as to competition by weed plants, measures are undertaken to control weeds, plant diseases, insects, nematodes, and other adverse conditions to improve yield. These include mechanical measures such a tillage of the soil or removal of weeds and infected plants, as well as the application of agrochemicals such as herbicides, fungicides, gametocides, nematicides, growth regulants, ripening agents and insecticides.
Use of the advantageous genetic properties of the transgenic plants and seeds according to the invention can further be made in plant breeding, which aims at the development of plants with improved properties such as tolerance of pests, herbicides, or stress, improved nutritional value, increased yield, or improved structure causing less loss from lodging or shattering. The various breeding steps are characterized by well-defined human intervention such as selecting the lines to be crossed, directing pollination of the parental lines, or selecting appropriate progeny plants. Depending on the desired properties, different breeding measures are taken. The relevant techniques are well known in the art and include but are not limited to hybridization, inbreeding, backcross breeding, multiline breeding, variety blend, interspecific hybridization, aneuploid techniques, etc. Hybridization techniques also include the sterilization of plants to yield male or female sterile plants by mechanical, chemical, or biochemical means. Cross pollination of a male sterile plant with pollen of a different line assures that the genome of the male sterile but female fertile plant will uniformly obtain properties of both parental lines. Thus, the transgenic seeds and plants according to the invention can be used for the breeding of improved plant lines, that for example, increase the effectiveness of conventional methods such as herbicide or pestidice treatment or allow one to dispense with said methods due to their modified genetic properties. Alternatively new crops with improved stress tolerance can be obtained, which, due to their optimized genetic "equipment", yield harvested product of better quality than products that were not able to tolerate comparable adverse developmental conditions.
PAC Seed ProductionIn seed production, germination quality and uniformity of seeds are essential product characteristics, whereas germination quality and uniformity of seeds harvested and sold by the farmer is not important. As it is difficult to keep a crop free from other crop and weed seeds, to control seedborne diseases, and to produce seed with good germination, fairly extensive and well-defined seed production practices have been developed by seed producers, who are experienced in the art of growing, conditioning and marketing of pure seed. Thus, it is common practice for the farmer to buy certified seed meeting specific quality standards instead of using seed harvested from his own crop. Propagation material to be used as seeds is customarily treated with a protectant coating comprising herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, molluscicides, or mixtures thereof. Customarily used protectant coatings comprise compounds such as captan, carboxin, thiram (TMTD®), methalaxyl (Apron®), and pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic®). If desired, these compounds are formulated together with further carriers, surfactants or application-promoting adjuvants customarily employed in the art of formulation to provide protection against damage caused by bacterial, fungal or animal pests. The protectant coatings may be applied by impregnating propagation material with a liquid formulation or by coating with a combined wet or dry formulation. Other methods of application are also possible such as treatment directed at the buds or the fruit.
It is a further aspect of the present invention to provide new agricultural methods, such as the methods examplified above, which are characterized by the use of transgenic plants, transgenic plant material, or transgenic seed according to the present invention.
The seeds may be provided in a bag, container or vessel comprised of a suitable packaging material, the bag or container capable of being closed to contain seeds. The bag, container or vessel may be designed for either short term or long term storage, or both, of the seed. Examples of a suitable packaging material include paper, such as kraft paper, rigid or pliable plastic or other polymeric material, glass or metal. Desirably the bag, container, or vessel is comprised of a plurality of layers of packaging materials, of the same or differing type. In one embodiment the bag, container or vessel is provided so as to exclude or limit water and moisture from contacting the seed. In one example, the bag, container or vessel is sealed, for example heat sealed, to prevent water or moisture from entering. In another embodiment water absorbent materials are placed between or adjacent to packaging material layers. In yet another embodiment the bag, container or vessel, or packaging material of which it is comprised is treated to limit, suppress or prevent disease, contamination or other adverse affects of storage or transport of the seed. An example of such treatment is sterilization, for example by chemical means or by exposure to radiation. Comprised by the present invention is a commercial bag comprising seed of a transgenic plant comprising a gene of the present invention that is expressed in said transformed plant at higher levels than in a wild type plant, together with a suitable carrier, together with label instructions for the use thereof for conferring broad spectrum disease resistance to plants.
| SEQUENCE LISTING |
| <100> GENERAL INFORMATION: |
| <160> NUMBER OF SEQ ID NOS: 22 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 1 |
| <211> LENGTH: 9717 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <221> NAME/KEY: CDS |
| <222> LOCATION: (412)..(1665) |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: orf1 ~46.4 kDa |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 1 |
| gaattcatat gctatgaaat aaacagttgg cgcaataatt aaagctatta tttttatttt 60 |
| gtttttatac aatgatatgc tttattaaac agaataatga gttaatgata aataaatcct 120 |
| cgggatttat catgatatta tggccgaatg tgatgtgaac aattatttta taattagatt 180 |
| aataatataa tggtattaaa ataacaatat atttattcat gggtatttat catcggtttt 240 |
| attacatggg gaataatcta taaattagtt ttacataatt cacaaatagc gattccatta 300 |
| accaggaata ttaaaaatac ttatttatga ttatggtgat atatcttcat tagcctactt 360 |
| ttataactag aaaaattgac attttcaatc catgtataaa tggtaaccaa t atg cag 417 |
| Met Gln |
| 1 |
| aga gct caa cga gtt gtt att aca ggt atg ggt gcc gta aca ccg att 465 |
| Arg Ala Gln Arg Val Val Ile Thr Gly Met Gly Ala Val Thr Pro Ile |
| 5 10 15 |
| ggt gaa gat gtt gaa tca tgt tgg caa agt att att gaa aaa caa cat 513 |
| Gly Glu Asp Val Glu Ser Cys Trp Gln Ser Ile Ile Glu Lys Gln His |
| 20 25 30 |
| cga ttt cac aga att gaa ttt cct gac tca ttc att aat tcg cgt ttc 561 |
| Arg Phe His Arg Ile Glu Phe Pro Asp Ser Phe Ile Asn Ser Arg Phe |
| 35 40 45 50 |
| ttt tct ttc ctt gca cca aac cca tcc cgc tat cag tta tta cca aaa 609 |
| Phe Ser Phe Leu Ala Pro Asn Pro Ser Arg Tyr Gln Leu Leu Pro Lys |
| 55 60 65 |
| aag ttg act cat aca ctt tct gac tgc gga aaa gca gca ttg aag gcg 657 |
| Lys Leu Thr His Thr Leu Ser Asp Cys Gly Lys Ala Ala Leu Lys Ala |
| 70 75 80 |
| act tat caa gct ttt acc caa gca ttc ggc gtg aat ata tca cct gtt 705 |
| Thr Tyr Gln Ala Phe Thr Gln Ala Phe Gly Val Asn Ile Ser Pro Val |
| 85 90 95 |
| gaa tat tac gat aaa tac gaa tgt ggc gta att ctt ggc agt ggt tgg 753 |
| Glu Tyr Tyr Asp Lys Tyr Glu Cys Gly Val Ile Leu Gly Ser Gly Trp |
| 100 105 110 |
| gga gct att gat aat gcc gga gat cat gct tgc caa tat aag caa gca 801 |
| Gly Ala Ile Asp Asn Ala Gly Asp His Ala Cys Gln Tyr Lys Gln Ala |
| 115 120 125 130 |
| aaa tta gct cat cct atg agt aat ctt att acc atg cca agc tcc atg 849 |
| Lys Leu Ala His Pro Met Ser Asn Leu Ile Thr Met Pro Ser Ser Met |
| 135 140 145 |
| acg gct gca tgt tcg att atg tat gga cta cgt ggt tat caa aat acc 897 |
| Thr Ala Ala Cys Ser Ile Met Tyr Gly Leu Arg Gly Tyr Gln Asn Thr |
| 150 155 160 |
| gtt atg gct gcc tgc gca acg ggc aca atg gcg ata ggc gat gcc ttt 945 |
| Val Met Ala Ala Cys Ala Thr Gly Thr Met Ala Ile Gly Asp Ala Phe |
| 165 170 175 |
| gaa att att cgc tca ggg cgg gca aaa tgt atg att gcc gga gcc gct 993 |
| Glu Ile Ile Arg Ser Gly Arg Ala Lys Cys Met Ile Ala Gly Ala Ala |
| 180 185 190 |
| gaa tca ctc acg cgg gaa tgt aat att tgg agt att gat gta ctg aat 1041 |
| Glu Ser Leu Thr Arg Glu Cys Asn Ile Trp Ser Ile Asp Val Leu Asn |
| 195 200 205 210 |
| gca tta tcg aaa gaa caa gcg gac cca aat ctt gca tgt tgt cca ttt 1089 |
| Ala Leu Ser Lys Glu Gln Ala Asp Pro Asn Leu Ala Cys Cys Pro Phe |
| 215 220 225 |
| agc ctt gat cgc tct gga ttt gta tta gcc gaa gga gcg gcg gta gtt 1137 |
| Ser Leu Asp Arg Ser Gly Phe Val Leu Ala Glu Gly Ala Ala Val Val |
| 230 235 240 |
| tgt ctg gaa aat tat gat tca gcc atc gcg cgt ggt gca acg att tta 1185 |
| Cys Leu Glu Asn Tyr Asp Ser Ala Ile Ala Arg Gly Ala Thr Ile Leu |
| 245 250 255 |
| gcg gaa att aaa ggt tac gcc caa tat tca gat gcc gtt aat tta acc 1233 |
| Ala Glu Ile Lys Gly Tyr Ala Gln Tyr Ser Asp Ala Val Asn Leu Thr |
| 260 265 270 |
| cgg cca aca gaa gat att gaa cct aaa ata tta gcg ata act aaa gcc 1281 |
| Arg Pro Thr Glu Asp Ile Glu Pro Lys Ile Leu Ala Ile Thr Lys Ala |
| 275 280 285 290 |
| att gag cag gca cag att tcg ccg aaa gat att gac tac att aat gct 1329 |
| Ile Glu Gln Ala Gln Ile Ser Pro Lys Asp Ile Asp Tyr Ile Asn Ala |
| 295 300 305 |
| cat ggt act tct aca ccg tta aat gat ctt tat gaa act cag gca att 1377 |
| His Gly Thr Ser Thr Pro Leu Asn Asp Leu Tyr Glu Thr Gln Ala Ile |
| 310 315 320 |
| aaa gca gca ctg ggc caa tat gct tat cag gta cct ata tca agc aca 1425 |
| Lys Ala Ala Leu Gly Gln Tyr Ala Tyr Gln Val Pro Ile Ser Ser Thr |
| 325 330 335 |
| aaa tct tat acc ggc cac ctt att gct gcc gcc ggt agt ttt gaa acg 1473 |
| Lys Ser Tyr Thr Gly His Leu Ile Ala Ala Ala Gly Ser Phe Glu Thr |
| 340 345 350 |
| att gta tgt gtg aaa gca tta gct gaa aat tgc ttg cca gca aca ttg 1521 |
| Ile Val Cys Val Lys Ala Leu Ala Glu Asn Cys Leu Pro Ala Thr Leu |
| 355 360 365 370 |
| aat tta cac cgg gcc gat cca gat tgc gat ctc aat tat ttg cct aat 1569 |
| Asn Leu His Arg Ala Asp Pro Asp Cys Asp Leu Asn Tyr Leu Pro Asn |
| 375 380 385 |
| caa cat tgc tac acc gct caa cca gag gtg aca ctc aat att agc gca 1617 |
| Gln His Cys Tyr Thr Ala Gln Pro Glu Val Thr Leu Asn Ile Ser Ala |
| 390 395 400 |
| ggt ttc ggc ggg cat aac gct gcg ttg gtt atc gct aag gta agg taa 1665 |
| Gly Phe Gly Gly His Asn Ala Ala Leu Val Ile Ala Lys Val Arg |
| 405 410 415 |
| ctgatatgtt gatttttgca atg gaa gat att gaa cat tgg tcg aat ttc tct 1718 |
| Met Glu Asp Ile Glu His Trp Ser Asn Phe Ser |
| 420 425 |
| ggg gat ttt aac ccc atc cat tat tcg gcg aaa agc gag tct ttg cgc 1766 |
| Gly Asp Phe Asn Pro Ile His Tyr Ser Ala Lys Ser Glu Ser Leu Arg |
| 430 435 440 445 |
| aat ata cag caa cac ccg gtg cag gga atg ttg agt ttg ctc tat gta 1814 |
| Asn Ile Gln Gln His Pro Val Gln Gly Met Leu Ser Leu Leu Tyr Val |
| 450 455 460 |
| cgg caa cag ttt tct caa tta act tcc gct ttt aca acg gga ata ttg 1862 |
| Arg Gln Gln Phe Ser Gln Leu Thr Ser Ala Phe Thr Thr Gly Ile Leu |
| 465 470 475 |
| aac att gat gcc tct ttc cgc cag tat gtt tat acc gca tta ccc cat 1910 |
| Asn Ile Asp Ala Ser Phe Arg Gln Tyr Val Tyr Thr Ala Leu Pro His |
| 480 485 490 |
| caa ctg agg att aat act aaa aac aaa acg ttt aaa tta gaa aat ccc 1958 |
| Gln Leu Arg Ile Asn Thr Lys Asn Lys Thr Phe Lys Leu Glu Asn Pro |
| 495 500 505 |
| agt aaa gaa aac acg ttg ttc ggc aat acc agc gta gag aat aca atg 2006 |
| Ser Lys Glu Asn Thr Leu Phe Gly Asn Thr Ser Val Glu Asn Thr Met |
| 510 515 520 525 |
| gag tca att gaa gat tgg atc gtt cag gat aat tgt caa aaa cta acg 2054 |
| Glu Ser Ile Glu Asp Trp Ile Val Gln Asp Asn Cys Gln Lys Leu Thr |
| 530 535 540 |
| ata aca ggg gag gaa gtt tgt gaa aag tat gct gtc ttt aga tac tat 2102 |
| Ile Thr Gly Glu Glu Val Cys Glu Lys Tyr Ala Val Phe Arg Tyr Tyr |
| 545 550 555 |
| ttc cca agt gtc act tct att gga tgg ttc ctg gat gcg ctt gct ttt 2150 |
| Phe Pro Ser Val Thr Ser Ile Gly Trp Phe Leu Asp Ala Leu Ala Phe |
| 560 565 570 |
| cat ctt att att aat tcg aca gga ttt ctt aat ttt gag cac tac cat 2198 |
| His Leu Ile Ile Asn Ser Thr Gly Phe Leu Asn Phe Glu His Tyr His |
| 575 580 585 |
| ttt aac caa tta cag gat tat ctg agt caa tct ttt act ttg cat act 2246 |
| Phe Asn Gln Leu Gln Asp Tyr Leu Ser Gln Ser Phe Thr Leu His Thr |
| 590 595 600 605 |
| ggg caa gcg att aaa atc agg aag gag att gtt aat agt aca gta tta 2294 |
| Gly Gln Ala Ile Lys Ile Arg Lys Glu Ile Val Asn Ser Thr Val Leu |
| 610 615 620 |
| tta tct tca ccg gat atc tgt gtt gaa tta aat cct cct tta ttg att 2342 |
| Leu Ser Ser Pro Asp Ile Cys Val Glu Leu Asn Pro Pro Leu Leu Ile |
| 625 630 635 |
| aag aat ggc gat aaa gat tat att cgt att ttc tat tat cga tgt tta 2390 |
| Lys Asn Gly Asp Lys Asp Tyr Ile Arg Ile Phe Tyr Tyr Arg Cys Leu |
| 640 645 650 |
| tat gat aaa aaa cct att ttt gta tca aag act tca att atc tct aag 2438 |
| Tyr Asp Lys Lys Pro Ile Phe Val Ser Lys Thr Ser Ile Ile Ser Lys |
| 655 660 665 |
| atg aaa taa aaggaaagcg aaatgccaac acaaagtgat attttcactg 2487 |
| Met Lys |
| 670 |
| aaataaagaa tagaatatta atgatgaagg atatagaaga tgaagaaata acaccagagt 2547 |
| cctcttttgt ttcgcttgaa tttgatagtc ttgactatgt ggaaatccaa gtttttgtgt 2607 |
| tggaagcgta tggtattgtg cttaaagccg aacttttttc aaatcattct atttcaacat 2667 |
| taaatgagct cactgactat ttaaaatcaa aattgtaatc tgaattttta cttaattatg 2727 |
| ttttttcacc attaacatta agaggttata atg aac gtt tta gaa caa ggt aag 2781 |
| Met Asn Val Leu Glu Gln Gly Lys |
| 675 680 |
| gtt gct gct tta tat tca gcc tat tcg gaa aca gaa ggt tct tcg tgg 2829 |
| Val Ala Ala Leu Tyr Ser Ala Tyr Ser Glu Thr Glu Gly Ser Ser Trp |
| 685 690 695 |
| gtg gga aac ttg tgc tgt ttt tca agt gat cgg gag cat ttg cct att 2877 |
| Val Gly Asn Leu Cys Cys Phe Ser Ser Asp Arg Glu His Leu Pro Ile |
| 700 705 710 |
| atc gtg aat ggg cgt cgt ttc ttg att gaa ttt gtt att cca gat cat 2925 |
| Ile Val Asn Gly Arg Arg Phe Leu Ile Glu Phe Val Ile Pro Asp His |
| 715 720 725 |
| tta ctt gat aaa acg gtt aaa ccc aga gta ttc gat ttg gat atc aat 2973 |
| Leu Leu Asp Lys Thr Val Lys Pro Arg Val Phe Asp Leu Asp Ile Asn |
| 730 735 740 |
| aaa caa ttt tta ctg cgt cgt gac cat cgt gag ata aat att tat ctt 3021 |
| Lys Gln Phe Leu Leu Arg Arg Asp His Arg Glu Ile Asn Ile Tyr Leu |
| 745 750 755 760 |
| tta ggt gaa gga aat ttt atg gat agg acg acg aca gat aaa aat cta 3069 |
| Leu Gly Glu Gly Asn Phe Met Asp Arg Thr Thr Thr Asp Lys Asn Leu |
| 765 770 775 |
| ttc gag tta aat gag gat ggt tca cta ttt att aag acg tta cgc cat 3117 |
| Phe Glu Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Ser Leu Phe Ile Lys Thr Leu Arg His |
| 780 785 790 |
| gct ctt ggt aaa tat gtt gct att aat cct tca act acg caa ttt atc 3165 |
| Ala Leu Gly Lys Tyr Val Ala Ile Asn Pro Ser Thr Thr Gln Phe Ile |
| 795 800 805 |
| ttc ttt gca caa gga aag tac agt gaa ttt atc atg aat gcc tta aag 3213 |
| Phe Phe Ala Gln Gly Lys Tyr Ser Glu Phe Ile Met Asn Ala Leu Lys |
| 810 815 820 |
| aca gtt gaa gac gaa tta tca aaa cgt tat cga gtc aga att att cct 3261 |
| Thr Val Glu Asp Glu Leu Ser Lys Arg Tyr Arg Val Arg Ile Ile Pro |
| 825 830 835 840 |
| gaa ttg caa ggg ccg tat tat ggc ttt gaa ctt gat att ctt tct att 3309 |
| Glu Leu Gln Gly Pro Tyr Tyr Gly Phe Glu Leu Asp Ile Leu Ser Ile |
| 845 850 855 |
| aca gct taa ttcacaatat tatggagagt gtt atg gaa aag aaa ata aca aca 3362 |
| Thr Ala Met Glu Lys Lys Ile Thr Thr |
| 860 865 |
| ttt acc att gag aaa act gat gac aat ttt tat gct aat ggg cgt cat 3410 |
| Phe Thr Ile Glu Lys Thr Asp Asp Asn Phe Tyr Ala Asn Gly Arg His |
| 870 875 880 |
| caa tgt atg gta aaa atc tct gta ctt aaa caa gaa tat agg aat ggt 3458 |
| Gln Cys Met Val Lys Ile Ser Val Leu Lys Gln Glu Tyr Arg Asn Gly |
| 885 890 895 |
| gat tgg ata aaa tta gca ctt agt gag gct gaa aaa aga tcg att cag 3506 |
| Asp Trp Ile Lys Leu Ala Leu Ser Glu Ala Glu Lys Arg Ser Ile Gln |
| 900 905 910 |
| gtg gcg gca tta agt gat agc ctc ata tat gac caa tta aaa atg cct 3554 |
| Val Ala Ala Leu Ser Asp Ser Leu Ile Tyr Asp Gln Leu Lys Met Pro |
| 915 920 925 930 |
| tca ggt tgg aca acg aca gat gca aga aat aaa ttt gat ctt ggg tta 3602 |
| Ser Gly Trp Thr Thr Thr Asp Ala Arg Asn Lys Phe Asp Leu Gly Leu |
| 935 940 945 |
| tta aat ggt gtt tat cat gct gat gct ttt att gac gaa cag gta aca 3650 |
| Leu Asn Gly Val Tyr His Ala Asp Ala Phe Ile Asp Glu Gln Val Thr |
| 950 955 960 |
| gat cgt gcg gga gat tgc tgc aca aat gaa aac tat cag aac agt gtg 3698 |
| Asp Arg Ala Gly Asp Cys Cys Thr Asn Glu Asn Tyr Gln Asn Ser Val |
| 965 970 975 |
| aaa agt gtt cct gaa att atc tat cgt tat gtc agt agt aat aga aca 3746 |
| Lys Ser Val Pro Glu Ile Ile Tyr Arg Tyr Val Ser Ser Asn Arg Thr |
| 980 985 990 |
| agc aca gaa tac cta atg gca aaa atg aca ttt gaa gat acg gat ggg 3794 |
| Ser Thr Glu Tyr Leu Met Ala Lys Met Thr Phe Glu Asp Thr Asp Gly |
| 995 1000 1005 1010 |
| aaa cgc aca tta aca acg aat atg tca gtt ggt gat gaa gtt ttt gac 3842 |
| Lys Arg Thr Leu Thr Thr Asn Met Ser Val Gly Asp Glu Val Phe Asp |
| 1015 1020 1025 |
| agc aag gtt tta tta aaa gcc att gct cct tat gca att aat aca aat 3890 |
| Ser Lys Val Leu Leu Lys Ala Ile Ala Pro Tyr Ala Ile Asn Thr Asn |
| 1030 1035 1040 |
| caa ttg cat gaa aac atc aat aca ttg ttt gat aaa aca gaa gag ccg 3938 |
| Gln Leu His Glu Asn Ile Asn Thr Leu Phe Asp Lys Thr Glu Glu Pro |
| 1045 1050 1055 |
| aca aaa tcc gat act cat cat caa ata att aat ctt tat cgc tgg aca 3986 |
| Thr Lys Ser Asp Thr His His Gln Ile Ile Asn Leu Tyr Arg Trp Thr |
| 1060 1065 1070 |
| ttg cca tat cat ttg agg att ctt gaa ggg aat gac agt act gtt aat 4034 |
| Leu Pro Tyr His Leu Arg Ile Leu Glu Gly Asn Asp Ser Thr Val Asn |
| 1075 1080 1085 1090 |
| aga ata tat gtc ctt ggt aaa gag cca tca aat gat aga ttc ctg aca 4082 |
| Arg Ile Tyr Val Leu Gly Lys Glu Pro Ser Asn Asp Arg Phe Leu Thr |
| 1095 1100 1105 |
| aga gga agg gta ttt aaa cga gga act cat atg tga atgcacgtga 4128 |
| Arg Gly Arg Val Phe Lys Arg Gly Thr His Met |
| 1110 1115 |
| taatgtgagt ggaggatgtg ttatggacta tgcttatacc gtaactattc cggacacgca 4188 |
| gcttgctgct gaagtgcttc atgtgacagg gtgttcgtgg acgagtggtt attatgatgg 4248 |
| atatcatgat gtcacaatca ttgataacta cggttgtcag cataaattta gaatttcttc 4308 |
| ggttaatatt ggacgtgcgc taagcatagc gagaataagt tgattttcct tagtaaaaaa 4368 |
| cctttgttta tgctggtaaa cgcatgtgcg tttgccagca attaatatat tccattattg 4428 |
| aaataggaat atagccatat ctgtaattat acataaacga atttttactc gaatataatt 4488 |
| ttaattgatc aaacaggaaa tttaaa atg aaa gct acc gat ata tat tcc aat 4541 |
| Met Lys Ala Thr Asp Ile Tyr Ser Asn |
| 1120 1125 |
| gct ttt aat ttc ggt tct tat att aat act ggt gtc gat ccc aga aca 4589 |
| Ala Phe Asn Phe Gly Ser Tyr Ile Asn Thr Gly Val Asp Pro Arg Thr |
| 1130 1135 1140 |
| ggt caa tat agt gca aat att aat att atc acg tta aga cct aat aat 4637 |
| Gly Gln Tyr Ser Ala Asn Ile Asn Ile Ile Thr Leu Arg Pro Asn Asn |
| 1145 1150 1155 |
| gtg ggt aat tcg gaa caa aca ttg agc cta tca ttc tcg cca tta aca 4685 |
| Val Gly Asn Ser Glu Gln Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Phe Ser Pro Leu Thr |
| 1160 1165 1170 1175 |
| acg tta aac aat ggc ttt ggt att ggc tgg cgc ttt tca tta aca aca 4733 |
| Thr Leu Asn Asn Gly Phe Gly Ile Gly Trp Arg Phe Ser Leu Thr Thr |
| 1180 1185 1190 |
| tta gat ata aaa aca ctt aca ttt agc cga gca aat ggg gag caa ttt 4781 |
| Leu Asp Ile Lys Thr Leu Thr Phe Ser Arg Ala Asn Gly Glu Gln Phe |
| 1195 1200 1205 |
| aaa tgt aag cca ttg ccg cct aat aat aat gat ctt agt ttt aaa gat 4829 |
| Lys Cys Lys Pro Leu Pro Pro Asn Asn Asn Asp Leu Ser Phe Lys Asp |
| 1210 1215 1220 |
| aaa aaa cta aaa gat ttg cgc gta tat aag ctc gat agc aat act ttt 4877 |
| Lys Lys Leu Lys Asp Leu Arg Val Tyr Lys Leu Asp Ser Asn Thr Phe |
| 1225 1230 1235 |
| tat gtt tat aac aaa aac ggc att ata gag ata ctt aaa cga att ggg 4925 |
| Tyr Val Tyr Asn Lys Asn Gly Ile Ile Glu Ile Leu Lys Arg Ile Gly |
| 1240 1245 1250 1255 |
| tcg agt gat att gca aaa aca gtt gca ctt gaa ttt cct gat ggt gaa 4973 |
| Ser Ser Asp Ile Ala Lys Thr Val Ala Leu Glu Phe Pro Asp Gly Glu |
| 1260 1265 1270 |
| gca ttt gat tta att tat aat tca aga ttt gca ttg tcc gaa ata aaa 5021 |
| Ala Phe Asp Leu Ile Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Ala Leu Ser Glu Ile Lys |
| 1275 1280 1285 |
| tac cgt gtg aca ggt aaa act tat ctt aaa ctc aat tac tct gga aat 5069 |
| Tyr Arg Val Thr Gly Lys Thr Tyr Leu Lys Leu Asn Tyr Ser Gly Asn |
| 1290 1295 1300 |
| aac tgt aca tca gtg gaa tac cct gat gat aat aat att tct gcg aaa 5117 |
| Asn Cys Thr Ser Val Glu Tyr Pro Asp Asp Asn Asn Ile Ser Ala Lys |
| 1305 1310 1315 |
| ata gca ttc gat tat cgt aac gat tac ctt att acg gtg act gta cct 5165 |
| Ile Ala Phe Asp Tyr Arg Asn Asp Tyr Leu Ile Thr Val Thr Val Pro |
| 1320 1325 1330 1335 |
| tac gat gct tct ggt cct att gat tct gcc cga ttt aag atg acc tat 5213 |
| Tyr Asp Ala Ser Gly Pro Ile Asp Ser Ala Arg Phe Lys Met Thr Tyr |
| 1340 1345 1350 |
| cag aca tta aaa ggc gta ttt cca gtt atc agc acc ttc cgt aca cca 5261 |
| Gln Thr Leu Lys Gly Val Phe Pro Val Ile Ser Thr Phe Arg Thr Pro |
| 1355 1360 1365 |
| acc ggt tat gtt gag ctg gtg agt tat aaa gag aat ggg cat aaa gtg 5309 |
| Thr Gly Tyr Val Glu Leu Val Ser Tyr Lys Glu Asn Gly His Lys Val |
| 1370 1375 1380 |
| acg gac acg gaa tat att cct tat gcg gct gca ctc act att caa ccc 5357 |
| Thr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Ile Pro Tyr Ala Ala Ala Leu Thr Ile Gln Pro |
| 1385 1390 1395 |
| ggc aat gga caa cct gcg gtc agc aaa tcc tat gaa tat agt tca gta 5405 |
| Gly Asn Gly Gln Pro Ala Val Ser Lys Ser Tyr Glu Tyr Ser Ser Val |
| 1400 1405 1410 1415 |
| cat aac ttc ttg ggc tat tct tct ggc cgg aca agc ttt gat tcc agt 5453 |
| His Asn Phe Leu Gly Tyr Ser Ser Gly Arg Thr Ser Phe Asp Ser Ser |
| 1420 1425 1430 |
| caa gat aat ttg tat ttg gtc aca ggg aaa tac act tat tca tcc att 5501 |
| Gln Asp Asn Leu Tyr Leu Val Thr Gly Lys Tyr Thr Tyr Ser Ser Ile |
| 1435 1440 1445 |
| gaa cgg gtt tta gat ggt caa agt gtg gtt tca gta ata gaa cga gta 5549 |
| Glu Arg Val Leu Asp Gly Gln Ser Val Val Ser Val Ile Glu Arg Val |
| 1450 1455 1460 |
| ttt aat aaa ttc cat tta atg acc aaa gaa gca aaa aca caa gat aat 5597 |
| Phe Asn Lys Phe His Leu Met Thr Lys Glu Ala Lys Thr Gln Asp Asn |
| 1465 1470 1475 |
| aag aga att aca aca gaa att act tac aat gag gat cta tca aaa agt 5645 |
| Lys Arg Ile Thr Thr Glu Ile Thr Tyr Asn Glu Asp Leu Ser Lys Ser |
| 1480 1485 1490 1495 |
| ttc tca gag caa cca gaa aat tta caa caa cct tct cgc gtg tta acc 5693 |
| Phe Ser Glu Gln Pro Glu Asn Leu Gln Gln Pro Ser Arg Val Leu Thr |
| 1500 1505 1510 |
| cgt tat acg gat ata caa aca aat act tca cga gaa gag act gtc aat 5741 |
| Arg Tyr Thr Asp Ile Gln Thr Asn Thr Ser Arg Glu Glu Thr Val Asn |
| 1515 1520 1525 |
| att aaa agt gat gat tgg gga aat act cta ctt att act gag acc agt 5789 |
| Ile Lys Ser Asp Asp Trp Gly Asn Thr Leu Leu Ile Thr Glu Thr Ser |
| 1530 1535 1540 |
| ggg ata cag aaa gaa tac gtt tat tat ccg gtc aat ggc gaa ggt aat 5837 |
| Gly Ile Gln Lys Glu Tyr Val Tyr Tyr Pro Val Asn Gly Glu Gly Asn |
| 1545 1550 1555 |
| agt tgc cct gcc gat ccc ttg ggt ttt tct cgg ttc tta aaa tca gtt 5885 |
| Ser Cys Pro Ala Asp Pro Leu Gly Phe Ser Arg Phe Leu Lys Ser Val |
| 1560 1565 1570 1575 |
| acg caa aaa gga tcg cct gat gct gct caa agt gtc gca aat aaa gtg 5933 |
| Thr Gln Lys Gly Ser Pro Asp Ala Ala Gln Ser Val Ala Asn Lys Val |
| 1580 1585 1590 |
| att cat tat aca tat caa aaa ttt cct act ttt acc ggc gct tat gtt 5981 |
| Ile His Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Lys Phe Pro Thr Phe Thr Gly Ala Tyr Val |
| 1595 1600 1605 |
| aag gaa tat gtc agt aaa gtc tca gag acg ata gac aat aaa ata gcg 6029 |
| Lys Glu Tyr Val Ser Lys Val Ser Glu Thr Ile Asp Asn Lys Ile Ala |
| 1610 1615 1620 |
| aga acc ttt agc tat gtt aac tca ccg acg agt aaa tct cat ggt tcg 6077 |
| Arg Thr Phe Ser Tyr Val Asn Ser Pro Thr Ser Lys Ser His Gly Ser |
| 1625 1630 1635 |
| tta gca aaa ata acg tca gtg atg aat aac cag caa acg gtc acc aca 6125 |
| Leu Ala Lys Ile Thr Ser Val Met Asn Asn Gln Gln Thr Val Thr Thr |
| 1640 1645 1650 1655 |
| ttt aaa tat gaa tat tca gaa agt gag atg acc aca aat gct acg gtg 6173 |
| Phe Lys Tyr Glu Tyr Ser Glu Ser Glu Met Thr Thr Asn Ala Thr Val |
| 1660 1665 1670 |
| acc ggt ttt gat ggc gca cat atg gaa tcg aaa aat gtg acg tct att 6221 |
| Thr Gly Phe Asp Gly Ala His Met Glu Ser Lys Asn Val Thr Ser Ile |
| 1675 1680 1685 |
| tat acc cat cgg caa ctt cgt aaa gtt gat gta aac cac gtg att acc 6269 |
| Tyr Thr His Arg Gln Leu Arg Lys Val Asp Val Asn His Val Ile Thr |
| 1690 1695 1700 |
| gat cag tct tat gat ctt ttg ggt cgc att aca ggg caa att att gat 6317 |
| Asp Gln Ser Tyr Asp Leu Leu Gly Arg Ile Thr Gly Gln Ile Ile Asp |
| 1705 1710 1715 |
| ccc ggc acg gca aga gaa att aaa cgt aat tac gtt tat caa tat ccc 6365 |
| Pro Gly Thr Ala Arg Glu Ile Lys Arg Asn Tyr Val Tyr Gln Tyr Pro |
| 1720 1725 1730 1735 |
| ggc ggt gac gaa aat gat ttt tgg ccg gtg atg ata gaa gtt gat tct 6413 |
| Gly Gly Asp Glu Asn Asp Phe Trp Pro Val Met Ile Glu Val Asp Ser |
| 1740 1745 1750 |
| caa ggc gtc aga cgt aaa acc cat tac gat gga atg gga cgt att tgt 6461 |
| Gln Gly Val Arg Arg Lys Thr His Tyr Asp Gly Met Gly Arg Ile Cys |
| 1755 1760 1765 |
| tcg att gaa gaa caa gat gat gat ggc gcc tgg ggc aca tcg ggg att 6509 |
| Ser Ile Glu Glu Gln Asp Asp Asp Gly Ala Trp Gly Thr Ser Gly Ile |
| 1770 1775 1780 |
| tat caa ggc aca tat cga aaa gtt ctt gcc aga caa tat gat gtt ttg 6557 |
| Tyr Gln Gly Thr Tyr Arg Lys Val Leu Ala Arg Gln Tyr Asp Val Leu |
| 1785 1790 1795 |
| ggg cag ttg agc aag gaa att tca aat gat tgg tta tgg aat tta tct 6605 |
| Gly Gln Leu Ser Lys Glu Ile Ser Asn Asp Trp Leu Trp Asn Leu Ser |
| 1800 1805 1810 1815 |
| gcc aat cct ttg gtt cgt ctt gct acc ccg ttg gtt aca acg aaa acc 6653 |
| Ala Asn Pro Leu Val Arg Leu Ala Thr Pro Leu Val Thr Thr Lys Thr |
| 1820 1825 1830 |
| tat aaa tat gat ggt tgg gga aat ctt tac agc acg gaa tac agt gat 6701 |
| Tyr Lys Tyr Asp Gly Trp Gly Asn Leu Tyr Ser Thr Glu Tyr Ser Asp |
| 1835 1840 1845 |
| ggt cgg ata gag ctg gaa atc cat gat cct att acg agg aca att act 6749 |
| Gly Arg Ile Glu Leu Glu Ile His Asp Pro Ile Thr Arg Thr Ile Thr |
| 1850 1855 1860 |
| caa ggg gtc aaa gga tta ggg atg tta aat att cag caa aat aat ttt 6797 |
| Gln Gly Val Lys Gly Leu Gly Met Leu Asn Ile Gln Gln Asn Asn Phe |
| 1865 1870 1875 |
| gag caa ccg gct tcg atc aaa gct gtg tat cct gat ggt acg ata tat 6845 |
| Glu Gln Pro Ala Ser Ile Lys Ala Val Tyr Pro Asp Gly Thr Ile Tyr |
| 1880 1885 1890 1895 |
| agc acc cgt act tat cgt tat gat gga ttt ggt cgt aca gtg acg gaa 6893 |
| Ser Thr Arg Thr Tyr Arg Tyr Asp Gly Phe Gly Arg Thr Val Thr Glu |
| 1900 1905 1910 |
| aca gat gca gaa ggt cat gct acc caa att gga tat gat gtg ttt gat 6941 |
| Thr Asp Ala Glu Gly His Ala Thr Gln Ile Gly Tyr Asp Val Phe Asp |
| 1915 1920 1925 |
| cgt ata gtg aaa aaa acg ttg cca gac gga aca ata tta gaa tcc gct 6989 |
| Arg Ile Val Lys Lys Thr Leu Pro Asp Gly Thr Ile Leu Glu Ser Ala |
| 1930 1935 1940 |
| tat gca agc ttt agc cat gaa gaa tta att tcg gca ctg aac gtg aat 7037 |
| Tyr Ala Ser Phe Ser His Glu Glu Leu Ile Ser Ala Leu Asn Val Asn |
| 1945 1950 1955 |
| ggc aca cag ttg ggg gca tta gtt tat gat ggt ctt ggg cgg gta ata 7085 |
| Gly Thr Gln Leu Gly Ala Leu Val Tyr Asp Gly Leu Gly Arg Val Ile |
| 1960 1965 1970 1975 |
| agt gat acg gtg ggt ggt cgc aaa acg gaa tat tta tat ggg cct caa 7133 |
| Ser Asp Thr Val Gly Gly Arg Lys Thr Glu Tyr Leu Tyr Gly Pro Gln |
| 1980 1985 1990 |
| ggt gac aaa ccg att cag tca att act cct tcg cat aat aag caa aat 7181 |
| Gly Asp Lys Pro Ile Gln Ser Ile Thr Pro Ser His Asn Lys Gln Asn |
| 1995 2000 2005 |
| atg gat tac ctc tac tat ctt ggt agt gtg atg tcc aaa ttt acc acg 7229 |
| Met Asp Tyr Leu Tyr Tyr Leu Gly Ser Val Met Ser Lys Phe Thr Thr |
| 2010 2015 2020 |
| ggg aca gac caa caa aac ttt cgt tat cat tcg aaa acg gga aca tta 7277 |
| Gly Thr Asp Gln Gln Asn Phe Arg Tyr His Ser Lys Thr Gly Thr Leu |
| 2025 2030 2035 |
| tta tct gcg tca gaa ggc gta tct cag act aat tac agt tat ttc cca 7325 |
| Leu Ser Ala Ser Glu Gly Val Ser Gln Thr Asn Tyr Ser Tyr Phe Pro |
| 2040 2045 2050 2055 |
| tcg ggt gta tta cag cga gaa tca ttt tta cgg gat aat aaa ccg att 7373 |
| Ser Gly Val Leu Gln Arg Glu Ser Phe Leu Arg Asp Asn Lys Pro Ile |
| 2060 2065 2070 |
| tca tcg ggc gag tac ctt tat acg atg tcc ggt ttg att caa cgt cat 7421 |
| Ser Ser Gly Glu Tyr Leu Tyr Thr Met Ser Gly Leu Ile Gln Arg His |
| 2075 2080 2085 |
| aaa gat agt ttt ggt cat aat cat gtt tat agt tac gat gct cag gga 7469 |
| Lys Asp Ser Phe Gly His Asn His Val Tyr Ser Tyr Asp Ala Gln Gly |
| 2090 2095 2100 |
| aga ttg gtc aaa aca gaa cag gat gca caa tac gct aca ttt gaa tat 7517 |
| Arg Leu Val Lys Thr Glu Gln Asp Ala Gln Tyr Ala Thr Phe Glu Tyr |
| 2105 2110 2115 |
| gac aat gtt ggg cga ttg ata aca acg acg acc aaa gac acg acg tca 7565 |
| Asp Asn Val Gly Arg Leu Ile Thr Thr Thr Thr Lys Asp Thr Thr Ser |
| 2120 2125 2130 2135 |
| tta tcc caa tta gtg aca aaa atc gaa tat gat gct ttt gat cga gaa 7613 |
| Leu Ser Gln Leu Val Thr Lys Ile Glu Tyr Asp Ala Phe Asp Arg Glu |
| 2140 2145 2150 |
| ata aaa cgc tcg cta att agt gac ttc tca ata caa gtt att acc tta 7661 |
| Ile Lys Arg Ser Leu Ile Ser Asp Phe Ser Ile Gln Val Ile Thr Leu |
| 2155 2160 2165 |
| agc tat acg aag aat aat caa atc agt caa cgt atc acc tcc atc gat 7709 |
| Ser Tyr Thr Lys Asn Asn Gln Ile Ser Gln Arg Ile Thr Ser Ile Asp |
| 2170 2175 2180 |
| ggg gtg gtt atg aaa aat gaa cgt tat caa tat gat aat aat caa cgc 7757 |
| Gly Val Val Met Lys Asn Glu Arg Tyr Gln Tyr Asp Asn Asn Gln Arg |
| 2185 2190 2195 |
| tta agc caa tac caa tgt gag gga gaa caa tct ccg att gat cat acg 7805 |
| Leu Ser Gln Tyr Gln Cys Glu Gly Glu Gln Ser Pro Ile Asp His Thr |
| 2200 2205 2210 2215 |
| ggt cgt gta tta aat cag cag att tac cat tat gac caa tgg gga aat 7853 |
| Gly Arg Val Leu Asn Gln Gln Ile Tyr His Tyr Asp Gln Trp Gly Asn |
| 2220 2225 2230 |
| att aag cgg ctc gat aat aca tat cga gat ggt aag gaa acg gtg gat 7901 |
| Ile Lys Arg Leu Asp Asn Thr Tyr Arg Asp Gly Lys Glu Thr Val Asp |
| 2235 2240 2245 |
| tat cat ttc agt caa gcc gat cca act caa ctt att cgt att acc agc 7949 |
| Tyr His Phe Ser Gln Ala Asp Pro Thr Gln Leu Ile Arg Ile Thr Ser |
| 2250 2255 2260 |
| gac aaa cag cag ata gag tta agt tat gat gct aat ggc aac cta aca 7997 |
| Asp Lys Gln Gln Ile Glu Leu Ser Tyr Asp Ala Asn Gly Asn Leu Thr |
| 2265 2270 2275 |
| cgt gac gaa aaa ggg caa acg ctc att tac gat cag aat aat cgc ttg 8045 |
| Arg Asp Glu Lys Gly Gln Thr Leu Ile Tyr Asp Gln Asn Asn Arg Leu |
| 2280 2285 2290 2295 |
| gta cag gtc aaa gac cgg ttg ggc aat ctg gtg tgc agc tac cag tat 8093 |
| Val Gln Val Lys Asp Arg Leu Gly Asn Leu Val Cys Ser Tyr Gln Tyr |
| 2300 2305 2310 |
| gat gca ttg aac aaa tta acc gca cag gtt ttg gcg aat ggt acc gtt 8141 |
| Asp Ala Leu Asn Lys Leu Thr Ala Gln Val Leu Ala Asn Gly Thr Val |
| 2315 2320 2325 |
| aat cga cag cat tat gct tcc ggt aaa gtg acg aat att caa ttg ggt 8189 |
| Asn Arg Gln His Tyr Ala Ser Gly Lys Val Thr Asn Ile Gln Leu Gly |
| 2330 2335 2340 |
| gat gaa gcg att act tgg ttg agc agt gat aag caa cga att gga cat 8237 |
| Asp Glu Ala Ile Thr Trp Leu Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Arg Ile Gly His |
| 2345 2350 2355 |
| caa agc gcc aag aat ggt caa tca gtc tac tat caa tat ggt att gac 8285 |
| Gln Ser Ala Lys Asn Gly Gln Ser Val Tyr Tyr Gln Tyr Gly Ile Asp |
| 2360 2365 2370 2375 |
| cat aac agt acg gtt atc gcc agt cag aac gaa aac gag ttg atg gct 8333 |
| His Asn Ser Thr Val Ile Ala Ser Gln Asn Glu Asn Glu Leu Met Ala |
| 2380 2385 2390 |
| tta tcc tat aca cct tat ggc ttt agg agt tta att tcc tca tta ccg 8381 |
| Leu Ser Tyr Thr Pro Tyr Gly Phe Arg Ser Leu Ile Ser Ser Leu Pro |
| 2395 2400 2405 |
| ggt ttg aat ggc gca cag gtt gat cca gta aca ggc tgg tac ttc tta 8429 |
| Gly Leu Asn Gly Ala Gln Val Asp Pro Val Thr Gly Trp Tyr Phe Leu |
| 2410 2415 2420 |
| ggt aac gga tat cgt gtt ttc aac ccg gtt ctc atg agg ttt cac agc 8477 |
| Gly Asn Gly Tyr Arg Val Phe Asn Pro Val Leu Met Arg Phe His Ser |
| 2425 2430 2435 |
| ccc gat agt tgg agt cct ttt ggt cgg gga ggg att aac cct tat acc 8525 |
| Pro Asp Ser Trp Ser Pro Phe Gly Arg Gly Gly Ile Asn Pro Tyr Thr |
| 2440 2445 2450 2455 |
| tat tgc caa ggc gat ccc ata aac cgg att gat ctg aac ggt cat ctt 8573 |
| Tyr Cys Gln Gly Asp Pro Ile Asn Arg Ile Asp Leu Asn Gly His Leu |
| 2460 2465 2470 |
| agt gcc ggc ggg ata tta ggc att gtg cta ggg gca att ggc atc att 8621 |
| Ser Ala Gly Gly Ile Leu Gly Ile Val Leu Gly Ala Ile Gly Ile Ile |
| 2475 2480 2485 |
| gtc ggg att gta tca ctg gga gcc gga gcg gcg att agc gcg ggt ctc 8669 |
| Val Gly Ile Val Ser Leu Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Ile Ser Ala Gly Leu |
| 2490 2495 2500 |
| att gct gcg ggg ggc gct ttg ggg gcg att gct tct acc agc gcg ctt 8717 |
| Ile Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Leu Gly Ala Ile Ala Ser Thr Ser Ala Leu |
| 2505 2510 2515 |
| gca gtt act gcg act gtc att gga ttg gct gcc gat tcg ata ggg att 8765 |
| Ala Val Thr Ala Thr Val Ile Gly Leu Ala Ala Asp Ser Ile Gly Ile |
| 2520 2525 2530 2535 |
| gcg tca gca gca tta tcg gaa aaa gat ccg aaa aca tct ggg ata tta 8813 |
| Ala Ser Ala Ala Leu Ser Glu Lys Asp Pro Lys Thr Ser Gly Ile Leu |
| 2540 2545 2550 |
| aat tgg att agt gcg gga ttg ggg gtt tta agc ttt ggt atc agc gca 8861 |
| Asn Trp Ile Ser Ala Gly Leu Gly Val Leu Ser Phe Gly Ile Ser Ala |
| 2555 2560 2565 |
| ata acc ttt acc tct tcg ctg gta aaa tcg gca cgg agt ggt tct cag 8909 |
| Ile Thr Phe Thr Ser Ser Leu Val Lys Ser Ala Arg Ser Gly Ser Gln |
| 2570 2575 2580 |
| gca gtc agc gcg ggt gtt atc ggg tca gtg cct ctt gaa ttt ggt gaa 8957 |
| Ala Val Ser Ala Gly Val Ile Gly Ser Val Pro Leu Glu Phe Gly Glu |
| 2585 2590 2595 |
| gtt gct agc cgt tcc agc aga cga tgg gat att gcg tta tct tcg ata 9005 |
| Val Ala Ser Arg Ser Ser Arg Arg Trp Asp Ile Ala Leu Ser Ser Ile |
| 2600 2605 2610 2615 |
| tcg ttg ggc gca aat gcg gcg tct ctc tct acg ggg ata gcg gcg gcg 9053 |
| Ser Leu Gly Ala Asn Ala Ala Ser Leu Ser Thr Gly Ile Ala Ala Ala |
| 2620 2625 2630 |
| gcg gtt gca gac agt aat gcg aat gca gct aat att ctg gga tgg gta 9101 |
| Ala Val Ala Asp Ser Asn Ala Asn Ala Ala Asn Ile Leu Gly Trp Val |
| 2635 2640 2645 |
| tcc ttt ggt ttt ggt gca gta tcg aca acc tca gga ata att gag ctt 9149 |
| Ser Phe Gly Phe Gly Ala Val Ser Thr Thr Ser Gly Ile Ile Glu Leu |
| 2650 2655 2660 |
| acg cgt aca gct tat gca gtg aat cat cag act tgg gaa ctg agt tca 9197 |
| Thr Arg Thr Ala Tyr Ala Val Asn His Gln Thr Trp Glu Leu Ser Ser |
| 2665 2670 2675 |
| tca gca ggt act tcg gag gaa gtg aag cct ata cgt tgt ctc gtt tca 9245 |
| Ser Ala Gly Thr Ser Glu Glu Val Lys Pro Ile Arg Cys Leu Val Ser |
| 2680 2685 2690 2695 |
| cac cgc tgg aat cag aag cag tga atgttaaccc tcctcgggca gttgagttaa 9299 |
| His Arg Trp Asn Gln Lys Gln |
| 2700 |
| tcaaacgttt cgaaatagta ccgggaacta tttagccaat cgtccattga aacccgtaat 9359 |
| gtgttgcgac gtcgtttgac aatataaaga ttctgcgaac cgattggtta agtctcacga 9419 |
| aaaataacta ttaggcgaca tttgcgtcgc cttttttaag gaactttatc aggttacatt 9479 |
| tataagaagc tattttgttt tcgacggatg ttggtttctc tgagataaaa aatagaggga 9539 |
| aatgatgtca agggtgataa tggttaattg taaaatatgt gatattattc gcatttatat 9599 |
| gtcaatgtaa ttcctcttat tatttaattt tattgcattt gctacgcgaa atcgccttat 9659 |
| aattttattt ttaataaatt attatttcat cattaaacta aaataaatta tttctaga 9717 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 2 |
| <211> LENGTH: 417 |
| <212> TYPE: PRT |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 2 |
| Met Gln Arg Ala Gln Arg Val Val Ile Thr Gly Met Gly Ala Val Thr |
| 1 5 10 15 |
| Pro Ile Gly Glu Asp Val Glu Ser Cys Trp Gln Ser Ile Ile Glu Lys |
| 20 25 30 |
| Gln His Arg Phe His Arg Ile Glu Phe Pro Asp Ser Phe Ile Asn Ser |
| 35 40 45 |
| Arg Phe Phe Ser Phe Leu Ala Pro Asn Pro Ser Arg Tyr Gln Leu Leu |
| 50 55 60 |
| Pro Lys Lys Leu Thr His Thr Leu Ser Asp Cys Gly Lys Ala Ala Leu |
| 65 70 75 80 |
| Lys Ala Thr Tyr Gln Ala Phe Thr Gln Ala Phe Gly Val Asn Ile Ser |
| 85 90 95 |
| Pro Val Glu Tyr Tyr Asp Lys Tyr Glu Cys Gly Val Ile Leu Gly Ser |
| 100 105 110 |
| Gly Trp Gly Ala Ile Asp Asn Ala Gly Asp His Ala Cys Gln Tyr Lys |
| 115 120 125 |
| Gln Ala Lys Leu Ala His Pro Met Ser Asn Leu Ile Thr Met Pro Ser |
| 130 135 140 |
| Ser Met Thr Ala Ala Cys Ser Ile Met Tyr Gly Leu Arg Gly Tyr Gln |
| 145 150 155 160 |
| Asn Thr Val Met Ala Ala Cys Ala Thr Gly Thr Met Ala Ile Gly Asp |
| 165 170 175 |
| Ala Phe Glu Ile Ile Arg Ser Gly Arg Ala Lys Cys Met Ile Ala Gly |
| 180 185 190 |
| Ala Ala Glu Ser Leu Thr Arg Glu Cys Asn Ile Trp Ser Ile Asp Val |
| 195 200 205 |
| Leu Asn Ala Leu Ser Lys Glu Gln Ala Asp Pro Asn Leu Ala Cys Cys |
| 210 215 220 |
| Pro Phe Ser Leu Asp Arg Ser Gly Phe Val Leu Ala Glu Gly Ala Ala |
| 225 230 235 240 |
| Val Val Cys Leu Glu Asn Tyr Asp Ser Ala Ile Ala Arg Gly Ala Thr |
| 245 250 255 |
| Ile Leu Ala Glu Ile Lys Gly Tyr Ala Gln Tyr Ser Asp Ala Val Asn |
| 260 265 270 |
| Leu Thr Arg Pro Thr Glu Asp Ile Glu Pro Lys Ile Leu Ala Ile Thr |
| 275 280 285 |
| Lys Ala Ile Glu Gln Ala Gln Ile Ser Pro Lys Asp Ile Asp Tyr Ile |
| 290 295 300 |
| Asn Ala His Gly Thr Ser Thr Pro Leu Asn Asp Leu Tyr Glu Thr Gln |
| 305 310 315 320 |
| Ala Ile Lys Ala Ala Leu Gly Gln Tyr Ala Tyr Gln Val Pro Ile Ser |
| 325 330 335 |
| Ser Thr Lys Ser Tyr Thr Gly His Leu Ile Ala Ala Ala Gly Ser Phe |
| 340 345 350 |
| Glu Thr Ile Val Cys Val Lys Ala Leu Ala Glu Asn Cys Leu Pro Ala |
| 355 360 365 |
| Thr Leu Asn Leu His Arg Ala Asp Pro Asp Cys Asp Leu Asn Tyr Leu |
| 370 375 380 |
| Pro Asn Gln His Cys Tyr Thr Ala Gln Pro Glu Val Thr Leu Asn Ile |
| 385 390 395 400 |
| Ser Ala Gly Phe Gly Gly His Asn Ala Ala Leu Val Ile Ala Lys Val |
| 405 410 415 |
| Arg |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 3 |
| <211> LENGTH: 253 |
| <212> TYPE: PRT |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 3 |
| Met Glu Asp Ile Glu His Trp Ser Asn Phe Ser Gly Asp Phe Asn Pro |
| 1 5 10 15 |
| Ile His Tyr Ser Ala Lys Ser Glu Ser Leu Arg Asn Ile Gln Gln His |
| 20 25 30 |
| Pro Val Gln Gly Met Leu Ser Leu Leu Tyr Val Arg Gln Gln Phe Ser |
| 35 40 45 |
| Gln Leu Thr Ser Ala Phe Thr Thr Gly Ile Leu Asn Ile Asp Ala Ser |
| 50 55 60 |
| Phe Arg Gln Tyr Val Tyr Thr Ala Leu Pro His Gln Leu Arg Ile Asn |
| 65 70 75 80 |
| Thr Lys Asn Lys Thr Phe Lys Leu Glu Asn Pro Ser Lys Glu Asn Thr |
| 85 90 95 |
| Leu Phe Gly Asn Thr Ser Val Glu Asn Thr Met Glu Ser Ile Glu Asp |
| 100 105 110 |
| Trp Ile Val Gln Asp Asn Cys Gln Lys Leu Thr Ile Thr Gly Glu Glu |
| 115 120 125 |
| Val Cys Glu Lys Tyr Ala Val Phe Arg Tyr Tyr Phe Pro Ser Val Thr |
| 130 135 140 |
| Ser Ile Gly Trp Phe Leu Asp Ala Leu Ala Phe His Leu Ile Ile Asn |
| 145 150 155 160 |
| Ser Thr Gly Phe Leu Asn Phe Glu His Tyr His Phe Asn Gln Leu Gln |
| 165 170 175 |
| Asp Tyr Leu Ser Gln Ser Phe Thr Leu His Thr Gly Gln Ala Ile Lys |
| 180 185 190 |
| Ile Arg Lys Glu Ile Val Asn Ser Thr Val Leu Leu Ser Ser Pro Asp |
| 195 200 205 |
| Ile Cys Val Glu Leu Asn Pro Pro Leu Leu Ile Lys Asn Gly Asp Lys |
| 210 215 220 |
| Asp Tyr Ile Arg Ile Phe Tyr Tyr Arg Cys Leu Tyr Asp Lys Lys Pro |
| 225 230 235 240 |
| Ile Phe Val Ser Lys Thr Ser Ile Ile Ser Lys Met Lys |
| 245 250 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 4 |
| <211> LENGTH: 186 |
| <212> TYPE: PRT |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 4 |
| Met Asn Val Leu Glu Gln Gly Lys Val Ala Ala Leu Tyr Ser Ala Tyr |
| 1 5 10 15 |
| Ser Glu Thr Glu Gly Ser Ser Trp Val Gly Asn Leu Cys Cys Phe Ser |
| 20 25 30 |
| Ser Asp Arg Glu His Leu Pro Ile Ile Val Asn Gly Arg Arg Phe Leu |
| 35 40 45 |
| Ile Glu Phe Val Ile Pro Asp His Leu Leu Asp Lys Thr Val Lys Pro |
| 50 55 60 |
| Arg Val Phe Asp Leu Asp Ile Asn Lys Gln Phe Leu Leu Arg Arg Asp |
| 65 70 75 80 |
| His Arg Glu Ile Asn Ile Tyr Leu Leu Gly Glu Gly Asn Phe Met Asp |
| 85 90 95 |
| Arg Thr Thr Thr Asp Lys Asn Leu Phe Glu Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Ser |
| 100 105 110 |
| Leu Phe Ile Lys Thr Leu Arg His Ala Leu Gly Lys Tyr Val Ala Ile |
| 115 120 125 |
| Asn Pro Ser Thr Thr Gln Phe Ile Phe Phe Ala Gln Gly Lys Tyr Ser |
| 130 135 140 |
| Glu Phe Ile Met Asn Ala Leu Lys Thr Val Glu Asp Glu Leu Ser Lys |
| 145 150 155 160 |
| Arg Tyr Arg Val Arg Ile Ile Pro Glu Leu Gln Gly Pro Tyr Tyr Gly |
| 165 170 175 |
| Phe Glu Leu Asp Ile Leu Ser Ile Thr Ala |
| 180 185 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 5 |
| <211> LENGTH: 258 |
| <212> TYPE: PRT |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 5 |
| Met Glu Lys Lys Ile Thr Thr Phe Thr Ile Glu Lys Thr Asp |
| 1 5 10 |
| Asp Asn Phe Tyr Ala Asn Gly Arg His Gln Cys Met Val Lys Ile Ser |
| 15 20 25 30 |
| Val Leu Lys Gln Glu Tyr Arg Asn Gly Asp Trp Ile Lys Leu Ala Leu |
| 35 40 45 |
| Ser Glu Ala Glu Lys Arg Ser Ile Gln Val Ala Ala Leu Ser Asp Ser |
| 50 55 60 |
| Leu Ile Tyr Asp Gln Leu Lys Met Pro Ser Gly Trp Thr Thr Thr Asp |
| 65 70 75 |
| Ala Arg Asn Lys Phe Asp Leu Gly Leu Leu Asn Gly Val Tyr His Ala |
| 80 85 90 |
| Asp Ala Phe Ile Asp Glu Gln Val Thr Asp Arg Ala Gly Asp Cys Cys |
| 95 100 105 110 |
| Thr Asn Glu Asn Tyr Gln Asn Ser Val Lys Ser Val Pro Glu Ile Ile |
| 115 120 125 |
| Tyr Arg Tyr Val Ser Ser Asn Arg Thr Ser Thr Glu Tyr Leu Met Ala |
| 130 135 140 |
| Lys Met Thr Phe Glu Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Arg Thr Leu Thr Thr Asn |
| 145 150 155 |
| Met Ser Val Gly Asp Glu Val Phe Asp Ser Lys Val Leu Leu Lys Ala |
| 160 165 170 |
| Ile Ala Pro Tyr Ala Ile Asn Thr Asn Gln Leu His Glu Asn Ile Asn |
| 175 180 185 190 |
| Thr Leu Phe Asp Lys Thr Glu Glu Pro Thr Lys Ser Asp Thr His His |
| 195 200 205 |
| Gln Ile Ile Asn Leu Tyr Arg Trp Thr Leu Pro Tyr His Leu Arg Ile |
| 210 215 220 |
| Leu Glu Gly Asn Asp Ser Thr Val Asn Arg Ile Tyr Val Leu Gly Lys |
| 225 230 235 |
| Glu Pro Ser Asn Asp Arg Phe Leu Thr Arg Gly Arg Val Phe Lys Arg |
| 240 245 250 |
| Gly Thr His Met |
| 255 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 6 |
| <211> LENGTH: 1584 |
| <212> TYPE: PRT |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 6 |
| Met Lys Ala Thr Asp Ile Tyr Ser Asn Ala Phe Asn Phe Gly Ser Tyr |
| 1 5 10 15 |
| Ile Asn Thr Gly Val Asp Pro Arg Thr Gly Gln Tyr Ser Ala Asn Ile |
| 20 25 30 |
| Asn Ile Ile Thr Leu Arg Pro Asn Asn Val Gly Asn Ser Glu Gln Thr |
| 35 40 45 |
| Leu Ser Leu Ser Phe Ser Pro Leu Thr Thr Leu Asn Asn Gly Phe Gly |
| 50 55 60 |
| Ile Gly Trp Arg Phe Ser Leu Thr Thr Leu Asp Ile Lys Thr Leu Thr |
| 65 70 75 80 |
| Phe Ser Arg Ala Asn Gly Glu Gln Phe Lys Cys Lys Pro Leu Pro Pro |
| 85 90 95 |
| Asn Asn Asn Asp Leu Ser Phe Lys Asp Lys Lys Leu Lys Asp Leu Arg |
| 100 105 110 |
| Val Tyr Lys Leu Asp Ser Asn Thr Phe Tyr Val Tyr Asn Lys Asn Gly |
| 115 120 125 |
| Ile Ile Glu Ile Leu Lys Arg Ile Gly Ser Ser Asp Ile Ala Lys Thr |
| 130 135 140 |
| Val Ala Leu Glu Phe Pro Asp Gly Glu Ala Phe Asp Leu Ile Tyr Asn |
| 145 150 155 160 |
| Ser Arg Phe Ala Leu Ser Glu Ile Lys Tyr Arg Val Thr Gly Lys Thr |
| 165 170 175 |
| Tyr Leu Lys Leu Asn Tyr Ser Gly Asn Asn Cys Thr Ser Val Glu Tyr |
| 180 185 190 |
| Pro Asp Asp Asn Asn Ile Ser Ala Lys Ile Ala Phe Asp Tyr Arg Asn |
| 195 200 205 |
| Asp Tyr Leu Ile Thr Val Thr Val Pro Tyr Asp Ala Ser Gly Pro Ile |
| 210 215 220 |
| Asp Ser Ala Arg Phe Lys Met Thr Tyr Gln Thr Leu Lys Gly Val Phe |
| 225 230 235 240 |
| Pro Val Ile Ser Thr Phe Arg Thr Pro Thr Gly Tyr Val Glu Leu Val |
| 245 250 255 |
| Ser Tyr Lys Glu Asn Gly His Lys Val Thr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Ile Pro |
| 260 265 270 |
| Tyr Ala Ala Ala Leu Thr Ile Gln Pro Gly Asn Gly Gln Pro Ala Val |
| 275 280 285 |
| Ser Lys Ser Tyr Glu Tyr Ser Ser Val His Asn Phe Leu Gly Tyr Ser |
| 290 295 300 |
| Ser Gly Arg Thr Ser Phe Asp Ser Ser Gln Asp Asn Leu Tyr Leu Val |
| 305 310 315 320 |
| Thr Gly Lys Tyr Thr Tyr Ser Ser Ile Glu Arg Val Leu Asp Gly Gln |
| 325 330 335 |
| Ser Val Val Ser Val Ile Glu Arg Val Phe Asn Lys Phe His Leu Met |
| 340 345 350 |
| Thr Lys Glu Ala Lys Thr Gln Asp Asn Lys Arg Ile Thr Thr Glu Ile |
| 355 360 365 |
| Thr Tyr Asn Glu Asp Leu Ser Lys Ser Phe Ser Glu Gln Pro Glu Asn |
| 370 375 380 |
| Leu Gln Gln Pro Ser Arg Val Leu Thr Arg Tyr Thr Asp Ile Gln Thr |
| 385 390 395 400 |
| Asn Thr Ser Arg Glu Glu Thr Val Asn Ile Lys Ser Asp Asp Trp Gly |
| 405 410 415 |
| Asn Thr Leu Leu Ile Thr Glu Thr Ser Gly Ile Gln Lys Glu Tyr Val |
| 420 425 430 |
| Tyr Tyr Pro Val Asn Gly Glu Gly Asn Ser Cys Pro Ala Asp Pro Leu |
| 435 440 445 |
| Gly Phe Ser Arg Phe Leu Lys Ser Val Thr Gln Lys Gly Ser Pro Asp |
| 450 455 460 |
| Ala Ala Gln Ser Val Ala Asn Lys Val Ile His Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Lys |
| 465 470 475 480 |
| Phe Pro Thr Phe Thr Gly Ala Tyr Val Lys Glu Tyr Val Ser Lys Val |
| 485 490 495 |
| Ser Glu Thr Ile Asp Asn Lys Ile Ala Arg Thr Phe Ser Tyr Val Asn |
| 500 505 510 |
| Ser Pro Thr Ser Lys Ser His Gly Ser Leu Ala Lys Ile Thr Ser Val |
| 515 520 525 |
| Met Asn Asn Gln Gln Thr Val Thr Thr Phe Lys Tyr Glu Tyr Ser Glu |
| 530 535 540 |
| Ser Glu Met Thr Thr Asn Ala Thr Val Thr Gly Phe Asp Gly Ala His |
| 545 550 555 560 |
| Met Glu Ser Lys Asn Val Thr Ser Ile Tyr Thr His Arg Gln Leu Arg |
| 565 570 575 |
| Lys Val Asp Val Asn His Val Ile Thr Asp Gln Ser Tyr Asp Leu Leu |
| 580 585 590 |
| Gly Arg Ile Thr Gly Gln Ile Ile Asp Pro Gly Thr Ala Arg Glu Ile |
| 595 600 605 |
| Lys Arg Asn Tyr Val Tyr Gln Tyr Pro Gly Gly Asp Glu Asn Asp Phe |
| 610 615 620 |
| Trp Pro Val Met Ile Glu Val Asp Ser Gln Gly Val Arg Arg Lys Thr |
| 625 630 635 640 |
| His Tyr Asp Gly Met Gly Arg Ile Cys Ser Ile Glu Glu Gln Asp Asp |
| 645 650 655 |
| Asp Gly Ala Trp Gly Thr Ser Gly Ile Tyr Gln Gly Thr Tyr Arg Lys |
| 660 665 670 |
| Val Leu Ala Arg Gln Tyr Asp Val Leu Gly Gln Leu Ser Lys Glu Ile |
| 675 680 685 |
| Ser Asn Asp Trp Leu Trp Asn Leu Ser Ala Asn Pro Leu Val Arg Leu |
| 690 695 700 |
| Ala Thr Pro Leu Val Thr Thr Lys Thr Tyr Lys Tyr Asp Gly Trp Gly |
| 705 710 715 720 |
| Asn Leu Tyr Ser Thr Glu Tyr Ser Asp Gly Arg Ile Glu Leu Glu Ile |
| 725 730 735 |
| His Asp Pro Ile Thr Arg Thr Ile Thr Gln Gly Val Lys Gly Leu Gly |
| 740 745 750 |
| Met Leu Asn Ile Gln Gln Asn Asn Phe Glu Gln Pro Ala Ser Ile Lys |
| 755 760 765 |
| Ala Val Tyr Pro Asp Gly Thr Ile Tyr Ser Thr Arg Thr Tyr Arg Tyr |
| 770 775 780 |
| Asp Gly Phe Gly Arg Thr Val Thr Glu Thr Asp Ala Glu Gly His Ala |
| 785 790 795 800 |
| Thr Gln Ile Gly Tyr Asp Val Phe Asp Arg Ile Val Lys Lys Thr Leu |
| 805 810 815 |
| Pro Asp Gly Thr Ile Leu Glu Ser Ala Tyr Ala Ser Phe Ser His Glu |
| 820 825 830 |
| Glu Leu Ile Ser Ala Leu Asn Val Asn Gly Thr Gln Leu Gly Ala Leu |
| 835 840 845 |
| Val Tyr Asp Gly Leu Gly Arg Val Ile Ser Asp Thr Val Gly Gly Arg |
| 850 855 860 |
| Lys Thr Glu Tyr Leu Tyr Gly Pro Gln Gly Asp Lys Pro Ile Gln Ser |
| 865 870 875 880 |
| Ile Thr Pro Ser His Asn Lys Gln Asn Met Asp Tyr Leu Tyr Tyr Leu |
| 885 890 895 |
| Gly Ser Val Met Ser Lys Phe Thr Thr Gly Thr Asp Gln Gln Asn Phe |
| 900 905 910 |
| Arg Tyr His Ser Lys Thr Gly Thr Leu Leu Ser Ala Ser Glu Gly Val |
| 915 920 925 |
| Ser Gln Thr Asn Tyr Ser Tyr Phe Pro Ser Gly Val Leu Gln Arg Glu |
| 930 935 940 |
| Ser Phe Leu Arg Asp Asn Lys Pro Ile Ser Ser Gly Glu Tyr Leu Tyr |
| 945 950 955 960 |
| Thr Met Ser Gly Leu Ile Gln Arg His Lys Asp Ser Phe Gly His Asn |
| 965 970 975 |
| His Val Tyr Ser Tyr Asp Ala Gln Gly Arg Leu Val Lys Thr Glu Gln |
| 980 985 990 |
| Asp Ala Gln Tyr Ala Thr Phe Glu Tyr Asp Asn Val Gly Arg Leu Ile |
| 995 1000 1005 |
| Thr Thr Thr Thr Lys Asp Thr Thr Ser Leu Ser Gln Leu Val Thr Lys |
| 1010 1015 1020 |
| Ile Glu Tyr Asp Ala Phe Asp Arg Glu Ile Lys Arg Ser Leu Ile Ser |
| 1025 1030 1035 1040 |
| Asp Phe Ser Ile Gln Val Ile Thr Leu Ser Tyr Thr Lys Asn Asn Gln |
| 1045 1050 1055 |
| Ile Ser Gln Arg Ile Thr Ser Ile Asp Gly Val Val Met Lys Asn Glu |
| 1060 1065 1070 |
| Arg Tyr Gln Tyr Asp Asn Asn Gln Arg Leu Ser Gln Tyr Gln Cys Glu |
| 1075 1080 1085 |
| Gly Glu Gln Ser Pro Ile Asp His Thr Gly Arg Val Leu Asn Gln Gln |
| 1090 1095 1100 |
| Ile Tyr His Tyr Asp Gln Trp Gly Asn Ile Lys Arg Leu Asp Asn Thr |
| 1105 1110 1115 1120 |
| Tyr Arg Asp Gly Lys Glu Thr Val Asp Tyr His Phe Ser Gln Ala Asp |
| 1125 1130 1135 |
| Pro Thr Gln Leu Ile Arg Ile Thr Ser Asp Lys Gln Gln Ile Glu Leu |
| 1140 1145 1150 |
| Ser Tyr Asp Ala Asn Gly Asn Leu Thr Arg Asp Glu Lys Gly Gln Thr |
| 1155 1160 1165 |
| Leu Ile Tyr Asp Gln Asn Asn Arg Leu Val Gln Val Lys Asp Arg Leu |
| 1170 1175 1180 |
| Gly Asn Leu Val Cys Ser Tyr Gln Tyr Asp Ala Leu Asn Lys Leu Thr |
| 1185 1190 1195 1200 |
| Ala Gln Val Leu Ala Asn Gly Thr Val Asn Arg Gln His Tyr Ala Ser |
| 1205 1210 1215 |
| Gly Lys Val Thr Asn Ile Gln Leu Gly Asp Glu Ala Ile Thr Trp Leu |
| 1220 1225 1230 |
| Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Arg Ile Gly His Gln Ser Ala Lys Asn Gly Gln |
| 1235 1240 1245 |
| Ser Val Tyr Tyr Gln Tyr Gly Ile Asp His Asn Ser Thr Val Ile Ala |
| 1250 1255 1260 |
| Ser Gln Asn Glu Asn Glu Leu Met Ala Leu Ser Tyr Thr Pro Tyr Gly |
| 1265 1270 1275 1280 |
| Phe Arg Ser Leu Ile Ser Ser Leu Pro Gly Leu Asn Gly Ala Gln Val |
| 1285 1290 1295 |
| Asp Pro Val Thr Gly Trp Tyr Phe Leu Gly Asn Gly Tyr Arg Val Phe |
| 1300 1305 1310 |
| Asn Pro Val Leu Met Arg Phe His Ser Pro Asp Ser Trp Ser Pro Phe |
| 1315 1320 1325 |
| Gly Arg Gly Gly Ile Asn Pro Tyr Thr Tyr Cys Gln Gly Asp Pro Ile |
| 1330 1335 1340 |
| Asn Arg Ile Asp Leu Asn Gly His Leu Ser Ala Gly Gly Ile Leu Gly |
| 1345 1350 1355 1360 |
| Ile Val Leu Gly Ala Ile Gly Ile Ile Val Gly Ile Val Ser Leu Gly |
| 1365 1370 1375 |
| Ala Gly Ala Ala Ile Ser Ala Gly Leu Ile Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Leu |
| 1380 1385 1390 |
| Gly Ala Ile Ala Ser Thr Ser Ala Leu Ala Val Thr Ala Thr Val Ile |
| 1395 1400 1405 |
| Gly Leu Ala Ala Asp Ser Ile Gly Ile Ala Ser Ala Ala Leu Ser Glu |
| 1410 1415 1420 |
| Lys Asp Pro Lys Thr Ser Gly Ile Leu Asn Trp Ile Ser Ala Gly Leu |
| 1425 1430 1435 1440 |
| Gly Val Leu Ser Phe Gly Ile Ser Ala Ile Thr Phe Thr Ser Ser Leu |
| 1445 1450 1455 |
| Val Lys Ser Ala Arg Ser Gly Ser Gln Ala Val Ser Ala Gly Val Ile |
| 1460 1465 1470 |
| Gly Ser Val Pro Leu Glu Phe Gly Glu Val Ala Ser Arg Ser Ser Arg |
| 1475 1480 1485 |
| Arg Trp Asp Ile Ala Leu Ser Ser Ile Ser Leu Gly Ala Asn Ala Ala |
| 1490 1495 1500 |
| Ser Leu Ser Thr Gly Ile Ala Ala Ala Ala Val Ala Asp Ser Asn Ala |
| 1505 1510 1515 1520 |
| Asn Ala Ala Asn Ile Leu Gly Trp Val Ser Phe Gly Phe Gly Ala Val |
| 1525 1530 1535 |
| Ser Thr Thr Ser Gly Ile Ile Glu Leu Thr Arg Thr Ala Tyr Ala Val |
| 1540 1545 1550 |
| Asn His Gln Thr Trp Glu Leu Ser Ser Ser Ala Gly Thr Ser Glu Glu |
| 1555 1560 1565 |
| Val Lys Pro Ile Arg Cys Leu Val Ser His Arg Trp Asn Gln Lys Gln |
| 1570 1575 1580 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 7 |
| <211> LENGTH: 18 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 7 |
| acacagcagg ttcgtcag 18 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 8 |
| <211> LENGTH: 18 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 8 |
| ggcagaagca ctcaactc 18 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 9 |
| <211> LENGTH: 20 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 9 |
| attgatagca cgcggcgacc 20 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 10 |
| <211> LENGTH: 22 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 10 |
| ttgtaacgtg gagccgaact gg 22 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 11 |
| <211> LENGTH: 37948 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <221> NAME/KEY: CDS |
| <222> LOCATION: (15171)..(18035) |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: orf5 |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 11 |
| tgttgctgga ccgtggagat tatgcctatc gtcagttaga acgagacacg ctcaatgaag 60 |
| ccaagatgtg gtatatgcaa gcactgcatc tgttaggcga taaacctcat ctatcgttca 120 |
| gttcagagtg gagcaaaccg agtttaggcg acgctgccgg aacggaaaga caaaagcaac 180 |
| acgcccaagc aatggccgct ctgcgacaag gtgatgttag tcggcacaac aacccgacag 240 |
| atcttttctt gccacaggtc aatgaagtga tgcaaaacta ttggcaaaaa ttggaacaac 300 |
| ggctgtataa cctgcgtcat aacctcacta ttgacggcca accgctacat ctgcctattt 360 |
| acgctacacc ggcagatcca aaagcattac ttagcgccgc tgtcgctagc tccgaaggtg 420 |
| gggtagctct ctcacagcca tttatgtcac tgtggcgttt cccacacatg ctggaaaacg 480 |
| cgcgtggtat ggtcagtcag ctcactcaat tcggctctac gctacaaaat attatcgaac 540 |
| gtcaggatgc ggaagcttta aacacgctct tgcagaatca agcagcagaa ctgatattga 600 |
| ctcatctcag catacaggac aaaaccatcg cagagctgga tgcggaaaaa atcgtactgg 660 |
| aaaaatccaa agccggggcg caatcacgct ttgacagcta caaaaagtta tacgacgaaa 720 |
| atatcaatgc gggtgaaaac cgggctatag cattgcatgc ctccgttgct ggcctcagca 780 |
| ctgccctgca agcatcacgt ctggcgggcg ctgcgcttga tctggcgccc aacattttcg 840 |
| gtctcgctga tggcggtagc cgttggggag cgattgccga agcgacaggt aatgttatgg 900 |
| aattctccgc cagtgtgatg aacaccgaag cggataaaat cagccagtca gaagcctatc 960 |
| gccgtcgccg tcaggaatgg gaaatccagc gtaatcatgc cgaagcagag ataaaacaga 1020 |
| tcgatgctca acttcaatca ctggcagtac gccgtgaagc cgcggtattg cagaaagcca 1080 |
| gcctaaaaac ccaacaggaa cagactcatg ctcaattgac tttcctgcaa cgtaaattca 1140 |
| gtaatcaagc gttgtactac tggctacgcg gtcggctagc tgctatttac ttccaatttt 1200 |
| acgatttggc cgtagcgcgt tgtctgatgg ctgaaatggc ttatcgttgg gagactaatg 1260 |
| agaccgcggc aagctttatc aaacccggcg cctggcaggg aacccatgcg ggtttactgg 1320 |
| ctggtgaaac cttgatgctg aatctggcgc aaatggaaga tgcccatttg aggtgggatc 1380 |
| aacgcgctct ggaagtggaa cggaccattt cattgacgca acactatgga gcactgccag 1440 |
| aaaaatcgtt taatttagcc acacggattt ctaccctgct agcaggtggt acaactgact 1500 |
| ccattgatga tcatcccgtt acattagaaa acgaccaact tagtgccaaa atctctctgt 1560 |
| caggtctgtc attagataat gactacccag atggcaacgg cgtaggcaac attcgacgca 1620 |
| ttaaacaaat cagtgtcacc ttgccagccc tgttaggacc atatcaggat gtacaagcta 1680 |
| ttctgtccta cggaggaagt gaaatcggat tagctgaaag ctgtaaatca ctggcgatct 1740 |
| ctcatgggat caatgacagt ggtcaattcc agttggattt taacaatggt aagttcctgc 1800 |
| cgtttgaagg gattgcgatt aacgatactg gcacattgac actcagtttc ccccaatgcg 1860 |
| actgtcaaac aagaaaacat gttgcagact ttgagtgata ttattctgca tattcgctat 1920 |
| accatccgcc aataaccacc tcaattaaat accaaaaaca ggctcctaaa cggggcctga 1980 |
| acttttcacg aatatatacc actcacagtc tgctctcttt acctgtctga cgctcgttat 2040 |
| aacagagata tttccttttc tcgtgagtcc catcacctac tataaaatat caaccctctt 2100 |
| ctttttcata atatgcaata tgtaacaaat gcaattattt catttagtta ttgttaacta 2160 |
| gttatattac ttatgatgta attataaatt ttgttattgc atcacaatag ccatttaaat 2220 |
| aaataataac gttgtgaaat agttgatagt taaatggtgt ttttatttag ccgttatttt 2280 |
| caacccaatt tcagaccgct atcagacgtt acctgtgttg cctttgtttt gatagatata 2340 |
| aataacctta tttatatcca cggtactcag accagcataa atgttttatt tacctaacat 2400 |
| ttaaaaggaa taaacatgaa cacactcaaa tccgaatatg aaaacgcgtt agtagcaggt 2460 |
| tttaataatc taaccgatat ttgtcatctc tcttttgacg aacttcgcaa aaaagtgaag 2520 |
| gacaaactct catggtcaca gacccaaagc ttatatcttg aagcacagca agtgcaaaag 2580 |
| gacaatctcc tgcatgaagc ccatattctg aaacgcgcca atcctcattt acaaagtgcg 2640 |
| gtccatcttg ccctgacaac acctcatgct gaccagcaag gttataatag cagatttggc 2700 |
| aatcgcgcca gcaaatatac agccccaggc gcaatttctt ccatgttttc tcctgcggct 2760 |
| tatttagctg aactttatcg tcaggcacgg aatttacatg atgaaaattc tatttatcat 2820 |
| ttggatacac ggcgtccgga tctaaaatca ttggtgctca gccagaaaaa tatggatacg 2880 |
| gagatttcca cactttctct gtctaatgac atgttgctag agggtattaa aactctgttc 2940 |
| aaggacaagc tgctggaggc tctgaagaat attaaatctc tgtccaagga cgagctgctg 3000 |
| gaggctttga agaatattaa acctctgtcc aaggacgatc tgctggaggc tttgaagaat 3060 |
| attaaacctc tgtccaagga cgatctgctg gaggctttga agaatattaa acctctgtcc 3120 |
| aaggacgatc tgctggaggc tttgaagaat attaaacctc tgtccaagga cgatctgctg 3180 |
| gaggctttga agaatattaa acctctgtcc aaggacgatc tgctggaggc tttgaagaat 3240 |
| attaaacctc tgtccaagga cgatctgctg gaggctttga agaatattaa acctctgtcc 3300 |
| aaggacgatc tacaggaatg tattgaaatt ctattcaatc tggacagcca cactaaagta 3360 |
| atgaaagcgt tatccaattt ccgcgtttct ggcatgatgc catatcacga tgcttatgaa 3420 |
| agcgtgcgta aggttgttca attacaggct ccggtgtttg aacacgttgt tagtacatca 3480 |
| ctagaaacga ctatcgatga actaaaatat caagcttctt tgttggaaat taattcttct 3540 |
| gtctcgccta aattatttac tatcttgact gaagaaatta ctacaatcaa tgcaagaagt 3600 |
| ctctatgagg aaaattttgg taatattaaa ccttctctaa taggaaaacc ggaatatctg 3660 |
| aaaagttatt acaatctgag tgatgaagag tttagcgatt tcattaaaat aagaactata 3720 |
| cttcttccag aagaagaaat agcaattact gatcttgcat cgcgtactac tagtacacaa 3780 |
| cagactatcg aaaatcctga ttatcgtgct ctattgaaaa ttaataagtt tattcgtcta 3840 |
| ttcaaagcta taaacttatc accgacggta ttaagtggaa tcctccgcag catcagcaca 3900 |
| gaattcaata tcaataaaga aatattacaa aaaatctttc gtgttaaata ctatatgcaa 3960 |
| cgttatggta ttgacactga gactgcatta atactatgca aggtaccaat ttcacaatat 4020 |
| atcaatgacg gacatctaag tcagtttgat cgtttattta attcccccaa actgaatggt 4080 |
| caagattttt ccgtcaatgg tactcagaat attgatttaa ccctaagcag taccaacaac 4140 |
| tggaataaaa cagtacttaa acgtgctttt aacctcgatg atatctcatt aaatcgacta 4200 |
| ctaaaaatta ccaatccggt caatactacc gaaatgataa ctaatgatat agagaatctt 4260 |
| tctcatctct ataggacaaa attactggca gatatccatc agttaactat tgatgaactg 4320 |
| gggttactgt tggaagccat aggtaaagga acaaccaatt tatctgagat tactcctgac 4380 |
| aatctggtta ctctaattaa caaactctat gctgtcacta gctggctacg tacacaaaag 4440 |
| tggagtgtct atcagttgtt tatgatgact actgataaat ataacaaaac cctaaccccg 4500 |
| gaaatacgga atttactgga taccgtctac aatggcttgc aagattttaa taagaagatg 4560 |
| ttgaaagctg aagaagatct agagaaaacc aaaaagaaat tgcagagcgc caaggaaaat 4620 |
| ctggaaaaat tcccggaaaa ccagccacaa ctccaagaag acaggaaaaa agcccagaga 4680 |
| agactgaata aagctgaaga gacccacgaa aaagccgaga aaaacctaga tgaggtcagg 4740 |
| aaaaatctgc caaaagccat atctccttat atcgccgccg ctctgcaatt accatctgaa 4800 |
| catgcggcat attccatact catctgggca gataatctgg aacccggcat aggaaaaatg 4860 |
| acagcggaaa aattatggaa ctggttgcgg aaaaatcccg ttacggctca acctgaattc 4920 |
| caaaaacaag ctgaacctgt ggtccagtat tgccagcgcc tggcacaact agcgttgatt 4980 |
| taccgttcta ccggccttaa cgaaaacacc ttaagtctgt ttgtgacaaa gccgcaacac 5040 |
| tttgttatta aaaccaaagc acccgaaaca actgaaacaa caccagcaca tgacgtatca 5100 |
| acactaatgt cactaacgcg ttttactgac tgggttaact cactaggtga aaacgcctct 5160 |
| tctgtactaa ccgaatttaa aaaaggaaca ttaacagcag aactattggc taaggctatg 5220 |
| aatcttgata aaaatctact ggagcaagcc aagattcagg caaaaactga tttgtccaac 5280 |
| tggccatcta tcgacaacct attgcagtgg attaacatct cacgtcaatt gaacatctct 5340 |
| ccacaaggca tttccacact gactcaagta ttgaccgcag aacctcccgc taactatacc 5400 |
| caatgggaaa acgccgctgc gatattaacc gccgggctgg acacccaaaa gactaacgcc 5460 |
| ctacatgcgt ttctggatga gtctcgcagt gctgcgttaa gcacatacta tatttattct 5520 |
| cataaccaaa aagatcgaga agcaagaaaa catacagtaa ttaaaaaccg tgatgatcta 5580 |
| tatcaatacc tattgatcga taaccaagtt tccgccgaca ttaaaactac agagatcgct 5640 |
| gaagctatcg ctagtatcca actgtatatt aaccgcgcgt tgaaaaatat ggagggagat 5700 |
| actgtcacaa gtgtcaccag ccgctcattc ttcaccaact gggataaata caataaacgc 5760 |
| tacagcactt gggccggtat ggctaaactc ctttactatc cagagaatta catcgatccg 5820 |
| acgctacgta ttgggcagac aaaaatgatg gatacgttgc tgcaatccat cagccaaagc 5880 |
| caattaaata tcgataccgt agaagatgcc tttaaatctt acctaacatc attcgaacag 5940 |
| gtggctaatc tggaaatcct cagcgcctac catgacaaca ttaataatga tcaaggatta 6000 |
| acttacttta tcggacgtag taaaacagaa gtgaatcaat attattggcg cagtgtggat 6060 |
| cacaataaat ccagcgaagg taaattcccc gctaatgcct ggagtgagtg gtacaaaatt 6120 |
| gattgtccaa ttaaccccta caaagatact attcacccgg taattttcca atctcgcctg 6180 |
| tatcttatct ggctggaaca aaaaaaggcg actaaacagg aaggtgataa aaccgcctcg 6240 |
| ggttattatt atgaactgaa attagcgcat atccgttatg acggcacctg gaatacacca 6300 |
| gtcacctttg atgtaaacca aaaaatatcc gatttaaatc tgggaaataa aacacctgga 6360 |
| ctttactgct caagctttca aggcagagat gaattgctgg tgatgtttta taaaaaacaa 6420 |
| gatcaattaa atcaatacac aaacacagta ccaataaaag gactatatat cacttccaat 6480 |
| atgtcttcta aggaaatgac acctgaaaat cacaaaccta acgcttataa acagtttgat 6540 |
| actaatagta ttattggtgt caataatcgc tatgcagaaa gctacgaaat cccttcatca 6600 |
| gtaaatagta ataacggtta tgattgggga gatggctatc tgagtatggt gtatggcgga 6660 |
| aatatttcag ccatcaaact ggagtcctca tcagataagt taaaactctc accaaggtta 6720 |
| agaattattc ataatggact tgtaggccga caacgcaacc aatgcaacct gatgaagaaa 6780 |
| tacggtcagc ttggtgataa atttattatt tatactactc taggtattaa ccccaataat 6840 |
| ttgtcgaata aaaaattcat ttaccctgtt tatcagtata gtgggaacac taccaataat 6900 |
| gagaaaggac gtctgctgtt ttatcgagaa agtactacta actttgtaag agcctggttc 6960 |
| cctaaccttc cctctggctc tcaagaaatg tccacaacca ctggcggtga cattagtggt 7020 |
| aactatggtt atattgataa caaacatagt gacgatgttc catttaaaca atatttctat 7080 |
| atggatgacc acggtggtat tgacactgat gtttcaggga tattatctat taatacgaac 7140 |
| attaatcatt caaaagttaa agtaatagtg aaagccgaag gtatcacaga gcaaactttt 7200 |
| gtagcgagcg aaaacagtaa tgtccccacc aatccgtccc gcttcgaaga aatgaattat 7260 |
| cagtttaaag agcttgaaat agatatctcc acactgacat ttcataataa tgaagcaagt 7320 |
| attgatatca cctttatcgc atttgctgag aaatttgacg ataatagtaa tgatcgtaac 7380 |
| ttaggcgaag aacatttcag tattcgtatt atcaaaaaag cggaaactga taatgccctg 7440 |
| accctgcacc ataatgcaaa cggggcgcaa tatatgcagt ggggaaactc ttgtattcgc 7500 |
| cttaatacgc tatttgcccg tcaattaatt agccgagcca acgcggggat agatactatt 7560 |
| ttgagcatgg acactcagaa tattcaggaa cctaaattag gagaagattc tcctgatgct 7620 |
| atggaaccaa tggacttcaa cggcgccaac agcctctatt tctgggaact gttctactac 7680 |
| accccgatgc tgattgctca acgtttgctg cacgaacaaa acttcgatga ggctaaccgt 7740 |
| tggctgaaat atgtctggaa cccatccggt tatattgtca atggtcaaat gcaacattac 7800 |
| cgctggaatg ttcgcccatt acaagaagac actagttgga acgatgatcc gttggattca 7860 |
| tttgatcctg ataccatagc tcaacatgat ccaatgcact acaaagtcgc cacctttatg 7920 |
| cgcaccctag atctgttgat cgaacgggga gattacgcct atcgccaatt ggagcgggac 7980 |
| acactcgctg aagccaaaat gtggtatatg caggcactgc atctattggg tgataaacct 8040 |
| catctaccac tcagttcagc atggaatgat ccagagctag aagaggccgc agctcttgaa 8100 |
| aaacaacagg cacatgccaa agaaatagca gatttacgac aaggacttcc tacatccaca 8160 |
| gggtctaaag atgaaatcaa aacagatctt ttcctgccgc aagtcaacga agtgatgctg 8220 |
| agctactggc agaaactaga acaacggttg tataacctgc gccataacct ctctattgat 8280 |
| ggtcaacctt tacatttgcc tattttcgca acaccagcag atccaaaagc gctgctcagc 8340 |
| gccgctgtcg ccagttcaca aggtggaagt aatcttccat cagaatttat atcagtgtgg 8400 |
| cgtttccctc atatgctgga aaacgcccgt agtatggtca gtcagctaac ccaattcggc 8460 |
| tccacattgc aaaatattat cgaacgtcaa gatgcggagg cattaaacac gctgttgcaa 8520 |
| aatcaggcgg cagaactgat attgaccaat ctcagcatac aggacaaaac catccaagag 8580 |
| ctggatgctg aaaaaactgt gctagaaaaa aaccgcgccg gaacccagtc gcgttttgat 8640 |
| agctacagca aattctacga tgaagacatc aacgcgggtg aaaaacaggc aatggcgttg 8700 |
| cgtgcttccg tcgctggcat ctctacagcc cttcaagcat cacatctggc gggcgcagca 8760 |
| cttgatctgg cgcccaacat cttcggcttc gctgatggtg gcagccgttg gggggcgatc 8820 |
| gcccaagcca caggtaatgt catggagttc tccgccagtg ttatgaacac cgaagcggat 8880 |
| aaaatcagcc aatctgaagc ctaccgtcgg cgtcgtcagg aatgggaaat tcagcgtaat 8940 |
| aacgccgagg cagagctgaa acaaatcgat gctcaacttg gttcgctggc agtgcgccgt 9000 |
| gaagccgcag tattgcagaa aaccagccta aaaacccaac aagagcagac tcatgcacaa 9060 |
| ctgaccttcc tgcaacataa gttcagtaat caggcgctgt acaactggct gcgtggtcga 9120 |
| ttgtccgcca tttacttcca gttctatgat ttaacggtag ctcgctgttt gatggcggaa 9180 |
| atggcctatc gctgggagac taacgatacc gcatcacgct ttatcaaacc cggcgcctgg 9240 |
| cagggaaccc atgccggttt gctcgcgggt gaaaccttaa tgctgaatct ggcacagatg 9300 |
| gaagatgccc acctgaaaca ggataaacgc gtactggagg tagaacgtac cgtttcgctg 9360 |
| gccgaagtct atgccaaatt accgcaagat aaatttatcc tgactcagga aatagagaag 9420 |
| ttggtgagta aaggttcagg cagggccggc aaggacaata ataagctggc gtttagtacc 9480 |
| aataccaata cctctctaga agcgtccatt tcgttatcta ccttgaacat tagcagcgat 9540 |
| tatcctgatt ctattggtaa aacccgtcgt attaaacaga tcagcgttac cctgccagca 9600 |
| ctgctaggac cctatcagga tgtgcaagca attctgtctt acagcggaaa agcctctgaa 9660 |
| ttggctgaaa gttgcaaatc attagcggtt tctcatggga tgaatgacag cggtcagttc 9720 |
| caactggatt tcaacgatgg caaattcctg ccgttcgaag gaatcaaaat cgatgaaggt 9780 |
| acgctgacat tgagcttccc aaatgcaatt agtaaagaag acaaaaaaga cgaaaaaggc 9840 |
| aaacaacaag ccatgctgga gagtctgaac gacatcattc tgcatattcg ctacaccatt 9900 |
| cgccaataac gattttaatt aagtgctaaa acaggcccct aagcggggcc tgcaaggagt 9960 |
| ctttcatgca aaattcacaa gatttcagta ttacagaact atcattgccc aaaggaggag 10020 |
| gcgctatcac gggaatgggg gaagctttaa cccccaccgg gccggatggg atggccgcgc 10080 |
| tgtctctgcc gttgcctatc tctgccgggc gcggttatgc tccgtcactc gccttaaact 10140 |
| acaacagcgg cgccggtaac agcccatttg gtctgggctg ggattgcaac gttatgacca 10200 |
| tccgccgccg cacccatttt ggcgttccac attatgatga aaccgatacc tttctggggc 10260 |
| cagatggcga ggtactggtg gtagcggatc aatcccgcga cgaatcgaca ttacagggta 10320 |
| tcaacttagg caccgccttt accgttaccg gataccgttc ccgtctggag agtcatttca 10380 |
| gccgattgga atattggcaa cccaaggcaa cacccaagac aactggcaaa acagattttt 10440 |
| ggctgatata tagcccagat ggacaagtac atttactggg taaatcacca caagcccgga 10500 |
| tcagcaaccc gtcagacatc actcaaacag cacaatggtt gctagaagcc tctgtgtcac 10560 |
| cacatggtga acaaatttat tatcaatatc gggccgagga taacaccggt tgcgaagctg 10620 |
| atgaaattac tctccatcca caggccgccg cgcaacgtta tctacacaca gtgtattacg 10680 |
| gcaaccggac agccagcaaa acgttacccg gtctggatgg cagcgcccca ccacaagcag 10740 |
| actggttatt ctatctggta tttgattacg gcgaacgcag taacaacctg agaacgccgc 10800 |
| cagcattttc gactacaggt agctggcttt gtcgccagga ccgtttttcc cgttatgaat 10860 |
| atggttttga gattcgtacc cgccgcttat gccgtcaggt attgatgtat caccacctgc 10920 |
| aagctctgga tagcgagata aaagaacaca acggaccaac gctggtttca cgcctgatac 10980 |
| tcaattatga cgaaagcgca atcgccagca cgctggtatt cgttcgtcga gtaggccacg 11040 |
| agcaagacgg tactgccgtc accctgccgc cattagaatt ggcgtatcag gatttttcac 11100 |
| cgcaacataa cgctcgctgg caatcgatga atgtgctggc aaacttcaat gccattcagc 11160 |
| gctggcaact agttgatcta aaaggcgaag gattccccgg tctgctatat caagataaag 11220 |
| gcgcctggtg gtaccgctcc gcacaacgtt ttggcaaaat tggctcagat gccgtcactt 11280 |
| gggaaaaaat gcaacctttg tcggttatcc cttccttgca aagtaatgcc tcgctggtgg 11340 |
| atatcaatgg agacggccaa cttgactggg ttatcaccgg accgggatta cggggatatc 11400 |
| atagtcagca tccagatggc agttggacac gttttacccc gctcaacgct ctgccagtgg 11460 |
| aatatactca tccacgcgcg caactcgccg atttaatggg agctggactt tctgatttag 11520 |
| tactgatcgg ccctaagagt gtacgtttat atgccaatac ccgcgacggc tttgccaaag 11580 |
| gaaaagatgt agtgcaatcc ggtgatatca cactgccagt accgggcgcc gatccgtgta 11640 |
| agttggtggc atttagtgat gtattgggtt ccggtcaggc acatctggtt gaagtgagcg 11700 |
| cgactaaagt cacctgctgg cctaatctgg ggcacggacg ttttggtcaa ccaattactc 11760 |
| ttccgggatt tagccaacca gaagcgacgt ttaatcctgc tcaagtttat ctggccgatc 11820 |
| tagatggcag cggcccgact gatctgattt atgttcacac agatcgtctg gatatcttcc 11880 |
| tgaataaaag cggcaacggc ttcgccgcac cagtaactct ccccttccca gccggagtgc 11940 |
| gttttgatca tacctgtcag ttacaagtgg ccgatgtaca agggttaggc gtcgccagcc 12000 |
| tgatattaag tgtgccgcat atgactcccc atcactggcg ttgcgatctg accaacacaa 12060 |
| aaccgtggtt actcagtgaa atgaacaaca atatgggggc tcatcacacc ctgcgttacc 12120 |
| gtagttccgc ccagttctgg ctggatgaaa aagccacggc actggatgcc ggacaaatac 12180 |
| cagtttgtta tctacccttc ccggtacaca ccctatggca aacggaaata gaggatgaaa 12240 |
| tcagcggcaa caaattagtc acaatactac gttatgcaca tggcgcctgg gatggacgtg 12300 |
| agcgagaatt tcgcggattt ggttatgttg aacagaaaga cagccatcaa ctggcccaag 12360 |
| gcagtgcgcc agaatgcaca ccacctgcac tgacccaagg caacgcgcct gaactcacat 12420 |
| cacccgcgct gacccaaggc aacgctccag aactcacacc acctgcgatg acccaaagca 12480 |
| acgcgcctga actcacatca cccgcgctga cccaaggcaa cgcgccagaa ttcacatcac 12540 |
| ccgcgctggc ccaaggcaat gcgccagaac tcacaccacc tgcgatgacc aaaaactggt 12600 |
| atgccaccgg aatacccatg atagataaca cattatcgac agagtattgg catggtgatc 12660 |
| accaagcttt tgccggtttt tcaccacgct ttacgacctg gcaagatggt caagatattc 12720 |
| tgctcacacc ggaaaatgat aacagtcagt actggctaaa ccgggcactg aaaggtcaac 12780 |
| tgctacgcag tgaactgtac ggcgaggatg gcagtacaca ggaaaaaatt ccctacacag 12840 |
| tcactgaatt tcgcccacag gtacgtcggt tacagcatac cgatagccga taccttgtgc 12900 |
| tttggtcatc tgtagttgaa agccgcaact atcattacga acgtatcgcc agcgatcctc 12960 |
| aatgcagcca aaagattacg ctatccagcg atctatttgg tcaaccgcta aaacaggttt 13020 |
| cggtacagta tccacgccgc cagcaaccgg caagcagtcc gtatcctgat acgttgcctg 13080 |
| ataagttatt tgctaacagc tatgatgacc agcaacacaa attacggctc acctatcaac 13140 |
| agttcagttg gcatcatctg accgacaata ccattctgat gttaggatta ccggatagta 13200 |
| cccgcagcga tatctttgct tatagcgctg aacatgtccc tactggtggt ctaaatctgg 13260 |
| aaatcctaaa tgataaaaat agtctgattg cggagaataa acctcgtgaa tacctcggcc 13320 |
| agcaaaaaac cgtttatacc gacgggcaaa atgcaacgcc atcgcaaacg ccaacacgac 13380 |
| aagcgctgat tgccttcacc gagacaacag tatttaatca atccacacta tcagcgtttg 13440 |
| atgggagtat ctcatctgct caattgtcaa cgacgctgga acaagccgga taccagcaaa 13500 |
| cagattatct attcccgcgc actggagaag ataaagtctg ggcagctcgt cgtggctata 13560 |
| ctgattacgg cacagccgaa cagttctggc ggccgcaaaa acagagcaac actcaactca 13620 |
| cgggcaaaat cacgctcact tgggatgcaa actattgcgt cgtcacacaa acccgggatg 13680 |
| cggctggact gacaacctca gccagatatg attggcgttt tctgaccccc gttcaactca 13740 |
| cggatatcaa cgacaatcag caccttacca cgctggatgc actgggccga ccaatcacac 13800 |
| tgcgcttttg gggaaccgaa aacggtaaga tgactggtta ttcttcaccg gaaaaaatat 13860 |
| cgttttctcc accatctgat gttgacgccg cgattaagtt aacaacgcca atccctgtag 13920 |
| cacagtgtca ggtctacgca cccgaaagct ggatgcccat attaaagaaa accctcaata 13980 |
| acctggcaga gcaagagcgg aaagagttat ataacacccg aatcatcacc gaagacggac 14040 |
| gcatctgtac cctagctcac cgccgctggg taaaaagcca aagtgcagtc acccagccaa 14100 |
| tcaatctgtc aaacggcagt ccccgtttac cccctcatag cctcacattg actacggatc 14160 |
| gttatgaccg cgatcttaag caacagattc gtcaacaagt agtattcagt gatggctttg 14220 |
| gccgtttact gcaagcatct gtacgacatg aagcaggcga agcctggcaa cgtaaccaag 14280 |
| acggcgctct ggtgacaaaa atggaagata ccaaaacgcg ctgggcggtt acgggacgca 14340 |
| ctgaatatga caataaggga caaccgatac gcacctatca accctatttc ctcaacgact 14400 |
| ggcaatacgt cagtaatgac agtgcccggc ggacagaaga agcctatgca gatacccatg 14460 |
| tctatgatcc cattggtcga gaaatcaagg tcactaccgc aaaaggctgg ttccgtcgaa 14520 |
| ccttgttcac tccttggttt actgtcaatg aagatgaaaa tgacacagct actgaggtga 14580 |
| aggtaaagaa gaaagaatgt aaagaaggta aagaaggtaa agatgtaatt tgatcaatcc 14640 |
| cgcccggttg aagggcggga aacataacat aatatagagg tgaaacgtgt cattcataat 14700 |
| gccgtcagat actcaactta tgagttggtt gatcattggt tttattgcgg cctggggcgg 14760 |
| attagtaagg tacctcattg atatacaaaa caaacaatgt aaatggaatt ggatcaacgt 14820 |
| actctgtcaa ctcattatct cctgttttac cggtatattg ggaggactgc tgagttttga 14880 |
| aagcggcggc agcccctata tgacttttgc gattgccggg ctatttggca ccacgggaag 14940 |
| ttctggattg aactggatct ggcgtcgcct ttttatgcat tatcgcgatg atggaggaaa 15000 |
| gcaataaggc attcccactg ccgcaaaaac catctgtctc cggcagttaa accgggaaat 15060 |
| tacctactac aactattgta agaaaacgaa tatatagaaa aactaacatg cagataaaaa 15120 |
| ctgcgattgc agaacagatg acacacaacg ccccaacaac gaggtaaatc atg aaa 15176 |
| Met Lys |
| 1 |
| aac atc gat cct aaa ctt tat caa aag acc cct gtc gtc aac atc tac 15224 |
| Asn Ile Asp Pro Lys Leu Tyr Gln Lys Thr Pro Val Val Asn Ile Tyr |
| 5 10 15 |
| gat aac cga ggt cta acg atc cgt aac atc gac ttt cac cgt acc acc 15272 |
| Asp Asn Arg Gly Leu Thr Ile Arg Asn Ile Asp Phe His Arg Thr Thr |
| 20 25 30 |
| gca aac ggc gat acc gat atc cgt att act cgc cat caa tat gac tcc 15320 |
| Ala Asn Gly Asp Thr Asp Ile Arg Ile Thr Arg His Gln Tyr Asp Ser |
| 35 40 45 50 |
| ctt ggg cac cta agc caa agc acc gat ccg cgt cta tat gaa gcc aaa 15368 |
| Leu Gly His Leu Ser Gln Ser Thr Asp Pro Arg Leu Tyr Glu Ala Lys |
| 55 60 65 |
| caa aaa tct aac ttt ctc tgg cag tat gat ttg acc ggt aat att ttg 15416 |
| Gln Lys Ser Asn Phe Leu Trp Gln Tyr Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn Ile Leu |
| 70 75 80 |
| tgt aca gaa agc gtc gat gct ggt cgc act gtc acc ttg aat gat att 15464 |
| Cys Thr Glu Ser Val Asp Ala Gly Arg Thr Val Thr Leu Asn Asp Ile |
| 85 90 95 |
| gaa ggc cgt ccg cta ctg aca gta act gca aca ggt gtc ata caa acc 15512 |
| Glu Gly Arg Pro Leu Leu Thr Val Thr Ala Thr Gly Val Ile Gln Thr |
| 100 105 110 |
| cga caa tat gaa acg tct tcc cta ccc ggt cgt ctg ttg tct gtt acc 15560 |
| Arg Gln Tyr Glu Thr Ser Ser Leu Pro Gly Arg Leu Leu Ser Val Thr |
| 115 120 125 130 |
| gaa caa ata cca gaa aaa aca tcc cgt atc acc gaa cgc ctg att tgg 15608 |
| Glu Gln Ile Pro Glu Lys Thr Ser Arg Ile Thr Glu Arg Leu Ile Trp |
| 135 140 145 |
| gct ggc aat agc gaa gca gag aaa aac cat aat ctt gcc agc cag tgc 15656 |
| Ala Gly Asn Ser Glu Ala Glu Lys Asn His Asn Leu Ala Ser Gln Cys |
| 150 155 160 |
| gtg cgc cac tat gac acg gcg gga gtc acc cga tta gag agt ttg tca 15704 |
| Val Arg His Tyr Asp Thr Ala Gly Val Thr Arg Leu Glu Ser Leu Ser |
| 165 170 175 |
| ctg acc ggt act gtt tta tct caa tcc agc caa cta ttg agc gac act 15752 |
| Leu Thr Gly Thr Val Leu Ser Gln Ser Ser Gln Leu Leu Ser Asp Thr |
| 180 185 190 |
| caa gaa gct agc tgg aca ggt gat aat gaa acc gtc tgg caa aac atg 15800 |
| Gln Glu Ala Ser Trp Thr Gly Asp Asn Glu Thr Val Trp Gln Asn Met |
| 195 200 205 210 |
| ctg gct gat gac atc tac aca acc ctg agc gcc ttt gat gcc acc ggc 15848 |
| Leu Ala Asp Asp Ile Tyr Thr Thr Leu Ser Ala Phe Asp Ala Thr Gly |
| 215 220 225 |
| gct tta ctc act cag acc gat gcg aaa ggg aac att cag agg cta acc 15896 |
| Ala Leu Leu Thr Gln Thr Asp Ala Lys Gly Asn Ile Gln Arg Leu Thr |
| 230 235 240 |
| tat gat gtg gcc ggg cag cta aac ggg agc tgg tta acc tta aaa gac 15944 |
| Tyr Asp Val Ala Gly Gln Leu Asn Gly Ser Trp Leu Thr Leu Lys Asp |
| 245 250 255 |
| caa ccg gaa caa gtg att atc aga tcc ctg acc tat tcc gcc gcc gga 15992 |
| Gln Pro Glu Gln Val Ile Ile Arg Ser Leu Thr Tyr Ser Ala Ala Gly |
| 260 265 270 |
| caa aaa tta cgc gag gaa cac ggc aat ggt gtt atc acc gaa tac agt 16040 |
| Gln Lys Leu Arg Glu Glu His Gly Asn Gly Val Ile Thr Glu Tyr Ser |
| 275 280 285 290 |
| tat gaa ccg gaa acc caa cag ctt atc ggt acc aaa acc cac cgt ccg 16088 |
| Tyr Glu Pro Glu Thr Gln Gln Leu Ile Gly Thr Lys Thr His Arg Pro |
| 295 300 305 |
| tca gat gcc aaa gtg ttg caa gat cta cgt tat gag tat gac ccg gta 16136 |
| Ser Asp Ala Lys Val Leu Gln Asp Leu Arg Tyr Glu Tyr Asp Pro Val |
| 310 315 320 |
| ggc aat gtc atc agt atc cgt aat gac gca gaa gcc acc cgc ttc tgg 16184 |
| Gly Asn Val Ile Ser Ile Arg Asn Asp Ala Glu Ala Thr Arg Phe Trp |
| 325 330 335 |
| cac aat cag aaa gtg gcg ccg gaa aac act tat acc tac gac tcc ttg 16232 |
| His Asn Gln Lys Val Ala Pro Glu Asn Thr Tyr Thr Tyr Asp Ser Leu |
| 340 345 350 |
| tat cag ctt atc agc gca acc ggg cgc gag atg gcg aat ata ggt cag 16280 |
| Tyr Gln Leu Ile Ser Ala Thr Gly Arg Glu Met Ala Asn Ile Gly Gln |
| 355 360 365 370 |
| caa agt aac caa ctt ccc tcc ctc acc cta cct tct gat aac aac acc 16328 |
| Gln Ser Asn Gln Leu Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Pro Ser Asp Asn Asn Thr |
| 375 380 385 |
| tac acc aac tat acc cgt act tat act tat gac cgt ggc ggc aat ttg 16376 |
| Tyr Thr Asn Tyr Thr Arg Thr Tyr Thr Tyr Asp Arg Gly Gly Asn Leu |
| 390 395 400 |
| act aaa atc cag cac agt tca ccg gcg acg caa aac aac tac acc aca 16424 |
| Thr Lys Ile Gln His Ser Ser Pro Ala Thr Gln Asn Asn Tyr Thr Thr |
| 405 410 415 |
| aac atc acg gtt tct aac cgg agc aat cgc gca gta ctc agc act ctg 16472 |
| Asn Ile Thr Val Ser Asn Arg Ser Asn Arg Ala Val Leu Ser Thr Leu |
| 420 425 430 |
| acc gaa gat ccg gcg caa gta gat gct tta ttt gat gca ggc gga cat 16520 |
| Thr Glu Asp Pro Ala Gln Val Asp Ala Leu Phe Asp Ala Gly Gly His |
| 435 440 445 450 |
| cag aac acg ttg ata tca gga caa aac ctg aac tgg aat aca cgc ggt 16568 |
| Gln Asn Thr Leu Ile Ser Gly Gln Asn Leu Asn Trp Asn Thr Arg Gly |
| 455 460 465 |
| gaa cta caa cat gtg aca ttg gtg aaa cgg gac aag ggc gcc aat gat 16616 |
| Glu Leu Gln His Val Thr Leu Val Lys Arg Asp Lys Gly Ala Asn Asp |
| 470 475 480 |
| gat cgg gaa tgg tat cgc tat agt agt gac ggg aga agg ata tta aaa 16664 |
| Asp Arg Glu Trp Tyr Arg Tyr Ser Ser Asp Gly Arg Arg Ile Leu Lys |
| 485 490 495 |
| atc aat gaa cag cag acc agc agc aac tct caa aca cag aga ata act 16712 |
| Ile Asn Glu Gln Gln Thr Ser Ser Asn Ser Gln Thr Gln Arg Ile Thr |
| 500 505 510 |
| tat ttg ccg agc tta gaa ctt cgt cta aca caa aac agc acg atc aca 16760 |
| Tyr Leu Pro Ser Leu Glu Leu Arg Leu Thr Gln Asn Ser Thr Ile Thr |
| 515 520 525 530 |
| acc gaa gat ttg caa gtt atc aca gta gga gaa gcg ggt cgg gca cag 16808 |
| Thr Glu Asp Leu Gln Val Ile Thr Val Gly Glu Ala Gly Arg Ala Gln |
| 535 540 545 |
| gta cga gta tta cat tgg gat agc ggt caa ccg gaa gat atc gac aat 16856 |
| Val Arg Val Leu His Trp Asp Ser Gly Gln Pro Glu Asp Ile Asp Asn |
| 550 555 560 |
| aat cag cta cgt tat agc tac gat aat ctt atc ggt tcc agt caa ctt 16904 |
| Asn Gln Leu Arg Tyr Ser Tyr Asp Asn Leu Ile Gly Ser Ser Gln Leu |
| 565 570 575 |
| gaa tta gac agc aaa gga gaa att att agt gag gaa gag tac tat ccc 16952 |
| Glu Leu Asp Ser Lys Gly Glu Ile Ile Ser Glu Glu Glu Tyr Tyr Pro |
| 580 585 590 |
| tat ggc ggc acg gca tta tgg gca aca agg aag cgg aca gaa gcc agt 17000 |
| Tyr Gly Gly Thr Ala Leu Trp Ala Thr Arg Lys Arg Thr Glu Ala Ser |
| 595 600 605 610 |
| tat aaa acc atc cgt tat tca ggt aaa gag cgg gat gcc acc gga cta 17048 |
| Tyr Lys Thr Ile Arg Tyr Ser Gly Lys Glu Arg Asp Ala Thr Gly Leu |
| 615 620 625 |
| tat tat tac ggt tac cga tat tat cag cct tgg gta gga cga tgg tta 17096 |
| Tyr Tyr Tyr Gly Tyr Arg Tyr Tyr Gln Pro Trp Val Gly Arg Trp Leu |
| 630 635 640 |
| agt gcc gat ccg gca gga aca gta gat ggg ttg aat tta tat cgg atg 17144 |
| Ser Ala Asp Pro Ala Gly Thr Val Asp Gly Leu Asn Leu Tyr Arg Met |
| 645 650 655 |
| gta agg aat aat ccg gtt act ctg ctt gat cct gat gga tta atg cca 17192 |
| Val Arg Asn Asn Pro Val Thr Leu Leu Asp Pro Asp Gly Leu Met Pro |
| 660 665 670 |
| aca att gca gaa cgc ata gca gca ctg caa aaa aat aaa gta gca gat 17240 |
| Thr Ile Ala Glu Arg Ile Ala Ala Leu Gln Lys Asn Lys Val Ala Asp |
| 675 680 685 690 |
| tca gcg cct tcg cca aca aat gcc aca aac gta gcg ata aac atc cgc 17288 |
| Ser Ala Pro Ser Pro Thr Asn Ala Thr Asn Val Ala Ile Asn Ile Arg |
| 695 700 705 |
| ccg ccc gta gca cca aaa cct acc tta ccc aaa gca tca acg agt agc 17336 |
| Pro Pro Val Ala Pro Lys Pro Thr Leu Pro Lys Ala Ser Thr Ser Ser |
| 710 715 720 |
| caa tca act aca tac ccc atc aaa tct gca agc ata aaa cca acg acg 17384 |
| Gln Ser Thr Thr Tyr Pro Ile Lys Ser Ala Ser Ile Lys Pro Thr Thr |
| 725 730 735 |
| tcg gga tca tcc att act gct cca ctg agt cca gta gga aat aaa tct 17432 |
| Ser Gly Ser Ser Ile Thr Ala Pro Leu Ser Pro Val Gly Asn Lys Ser |
| 740 745 750 |
| act cct gaa ata tct ctt cca gaa agc act caa agc aat tct tca agc 17480 |
| Thr Pro Glu Ile Ser Leu Pro Glu Ser Thr Gln Ser Asn Ser Ser Ser |
| 755 760 765 770 |
| gct att tca aca aat cta cag aaa aag tca ttt act tta tat aga gcg 17528 |
| Ala Ile Ser Thr Asn Leu Gln Lys Lys Ser Phe Thr Leu Tyr Arg Ala |
| 775 780 785 |
| gat aat aga tcc ttt gaa gac atg cag agt aaa ttc cct gaa gga ttt 17576 |
| Asp Asn Arg Ser Phe Glu Asp Met Gln Ser Lys Phe Pro Glu Gly Phe |
| 790 795 800 |
| aaa gcc tgg act cct cta gat act aag atg gca agg cag ttt gct agt 17624 |
| Lys Ala Trp Thr Pro Leu Asp Thr Lys Met Ala Arg Gln Phe Ala Ser |
| 805 810 815 |
| gtc ttt att ggt cag aaa gat act tct aat tta cct aaa gaa aca gtc 17672 |
| Val Phe Ile Gly Gln Lys Asp Thr Ser Asn Leu Pro Lys Glu Thr Val |
| 820 825 830 |
| aag aat ata aac aca tgg gga aca aaa cca aaa tta aat gat ctc tca 17720 |
| Lys Asn Ile Asn Thr Trp Gly Thr Lys Pro Lys Leu Asn Asp Leu Ser |
| 835 840 845 850 |
| act tac ata aaa tat acc aag gac aaa tct aca gta tgg gtc tct act 17768 |
| Thr Tyr Ile Lys Tyr Thr Lys Asp Lys Ser Thr Val Trp Val Ser Thr |
| 855 860 865 |
| gca att aat act gaa gca ggt gga caa agt tca ggg gct cca ctc cat 17816 |
| Ala Ile Asn Thr Glu Ala Gly Gly Gln Ser Ser Gly Ala Pro Leu His |
| 870 875 880 |
| gaa att aat atg gat ctt tat gag ttt acc att gac gga caa aag cta 17864 |
| Glu Ile Asn Met Asp Leu Tyr Glu Phe Thr Ile Asp Gly Gln Lys Leu |
| 885 890 895 |
| aat cca cta cca agg gga aga tct aaa gac agg gtg cct tca cta tta 17912 |
| Asn Pro Leu Pro Arg Gly Arg Ser Lys Asp Arg Val Pro Ser Leu Leu |
| 900 905 910 |
| ctt gac aca cca gaa ata gaa aca gca tcc ata att gca ctt aat cat 17960 |
| Leu Asp Thr Pro Glu Ile Glu Thr Ala Ser Ile Ile Ala Leu Asn His |
| 915 920 925 930 |
| gga ccg gta aat gat gca gaa gtt tca ttc cta aca aca att ccg ctt 18008 |
| Gly Pro Val Asn Asp Ala Glu Val Ser Phe Leu Thr Thr Ile Pro Leu |
| 935 940 945 |
| aaa aat gta aaa cct tat aag aga taa cgaaaaatta atattcttta 18055 |
| Lys Asn Val Lys Pro Tyr Lys Arg |
| 950 955 |
| tctactttta atagccctct tgaacttaca ctcaaggggg ggaaaccaaa taagaaacca 18115 |
| tctttaataa caagccatga aagaatattt atttcatggc ttgattactt ttaacattca 18175 |
| atattaaata attaaaacaa tatctaacca attaaaataa caatacctta tttatcatat 18235 |
| taaaatatca aatcagaaat taatgaattt aagggttctt tatatttatt tctgagagca 18295 |
| taggcacaat accttaccga tggcgctgga cgtgattcaa aatccagaaa tgctatattt 18355 |
| tcatcaatat gggcagaata gcgcatttca ttgggagtca ttaaacttat cgcgacaccc 18415 |
| gcttttacca gatccaatct attagtaaaa tcagggaccg tcaataacgc taaattttgg 18475 |
| tattcaggga gataattcaa tggcataaaa ttattgcatt gttttaaaaa agcactatta 18535 |
| tgctgaacaa aaggaaaact agatattatt tcatcagcgt gactttctgg ttctaaaata 18595 |
| tcatgggata cagcaagaga cagcatttga taagcaccat ctatcctgat gatatcatca 18655 |
| ttatctggat aacattcagt cgtcacataa actgttatat cccctttcat taaggaagaa 18715 |
| aataccgcat cttgccttat taaatcatca attagaaaat tgttgattat acaaatatcg 18775 |
| cgataatgat aacgttgcac cgctcttttt acgaccgtag atattttatt aacatattct 18835 |
| ccacttgtgc caataaccag tttgtctctg tttgataatt tataatttct acgacaattc 18895 |
| caattattct caactttcag gatcctttca taacacggca gcaactcttg atatagtgcc 18955 |
| tttccctctt ctgtgagctt ggtttttccc ggtagtcgct caaacaattg acaccccaca 19015 |
| cgctgttcca gttgatatac gagcctgcta agtggagaag gggtaataca aagcgtatcc 19075 |
| gccgctaacg tgaatgactc tttcttagct gattccataa aatactttag ttgctttgaa 19135 |
| caaaatatca tcacataccc tcttgttttc attccagaaa tagaatatta accatagaac 19195 |
| atgacaacga tgtttctact ttgcattctt ttacattagg acatgcgtta atggacattg 19255 |
| aatttcacta catcaattgt taatatttat ttaatacttg cacaataatt ataaaataaa 19315 |
| tataacttag ttaattattt cttgatattg atcatggtaa gttttcctca atacctacag 19375 |
| aagtagatat tattttatct tccagtaatc tatcgtttgg cgacggaggt cgattcttcc 19435 |
| attgggatat tcaacccatt cgccgccttt cttattaatt acagtgattt ttggcatttt 19495 |
| ggtttcatcc aacttaggtt tataggtgat tttccattta gcacccggtg ttaacttcaa 19555 |
| cctaaaggga tacataccaa cttcaccttg taagaatatt ctgtttggtc taccttcaac 19615 |
| gactttcaaa atggggtaaa taaccgggct aaaatcaatc gtatccaatg catcaatttc 19675 |
| gctgatattt gtccgggctg catcattgat aaatgcgatt aaatcggttg ctgaatacgg 19735 |
| aatagcatct ttcactagat gacggacatc ggtataactc actgacacaa aggctcggtc 19795 |
| aatcttccac ttacatcgac cgccaccatt aaaaggtagt tttgcctgaa agtaaccggt 19855 |
| tttcggatca gcttttacat ccagacgtaa tccgttataa gttggtacct taaaaggcga 19915 |
| catattggaa tctaaacgat atttaaggca atcttttgag atatacacag cggatacatg 19975 |
| cggctgtgtg tatttaggtg cgactccttc tacagtaatc cactgattct ctttgggagg 20035 |
| agagagcggc tcatttgggt cagcacagcc tgatattaaa atcacggata agacagataa 20095 |
| gtatttcttg atatttatca tggtaagttt tcctcaactc ctacagcgtt atctgcatgt 20155 |
| gtgtccaatt ccagatcttc ctgtttatct atttagaaat aaataagcta cgctgatagc 20215 |
| attacttcat atttccatac atgaatcgaa aatcgacttc ttgagtgccg ttatcaattt 20275 |
| tgccgcccgg atattcaacc cactcgccgc ctttcttatt agtcaccgtg accttcgcca 20335 |
| ttttggtttc atccagctta ggcttaaaaa taattttcca tttagctcct ggagttaacg 20395 |
| tgagttgaaa aggacgcatt tttaatactt caccttgtaa gaatattctg ttcgggcgac 20455 |
| cttcaacgac tttcaaaaca gggtaaataa ccgggctaaa atcaatcgta ttcaatgtcg 20515 |
| agattttgct aatattcatc tggactatgc cattgataga tgcgattaaa ccggttgctg 20575 |
| aatacggaat agcatctttc accagatggc tgacatcagt ataactcacc gatacaaagg 20635 |
| cccggttaat tttccattta catcgtcccc ctccattaaa aggtagtttt gcttgaaaat 20695 |
| aaccggtttg tggatcggcc ttcactttca gacgaagccc attataggtc ggcactttaa 20755 |
| aaggcgacat attggaatcc agacgatact caaggcaatc ctttgatatg tattctgcgg 20815 |
| atacatgtgg ttcggtatat ttcggcgcta ccccttctac cgtgatccat tgattttctt 20875 |
| taggagggga aagcggctca tttgggtcag cacagcctga tattaaaatc actgacaaga 20935 |
| caaataagta ttttttaaca tttatcatgg taagttttcc tcaattccta cagcattatc 20995 |
| cgcataaata tcctgtcaag aatagcgttc attgatttcg tcaccaaaga aacaagatag 21055 |
| taaaaatcct attaccacag ataaaaaaca ccgcttatgc cgtgagtaat agtgagttga 21115 |
| gcgacaggga tacagcagtg catccccatc aattagtccc tttgaataaa gggaacagaa 21175 |
| tttgaaattt ccgtcatacc gtccatatta cggaacttag attatgatta ttaaatcacc 21235 |
| accaaatggc aagaaaaatt ttcatttttt aatttacgaa gaatgaattt gtaagaaagt 21295 |
| gttacaaact taatagaaat taatttactg ttaatctaat gaaggatgaa attataaaaa 21355 |
| taacccattt ctcagggaca acaatccaca atatatagaa ccactggtcc tcacttaatt 21415 |
| tcctgtcagg agtagaaata tcctgatgac tcagtcgatg acatacagca atgtcattgg 21475 |
| tattgagact accgactgtt taataaattt cttttgtctt taatggcgag atacaagtga 21535 |
| ttcactattt aagcactatc gataaataag attccaaaat agcgccatat cttacaccac 21595 |
| tcataattct atgtataaca attggttaaa taggatcatg tgtaacagga ttatgaaacg 21655 |
| ttatttatat caaatctatc aattatttta tatatagttt cacagtcaca ctcgctatct 21715 |
| ggtaccttca taaccaactg ccctccctgc gctaccttct gataacaaca gctacactaa 21775 |
| ctatacccgc gcctataatt atgaccgtgt gaaaattcag cgtagttcac cggccacgca 21835 |
| aaataactac acgaaatatt gctccccaga gaaacaccgt tcgaggttgt ttcaatgaaa 21895 |
| catcaaggta gagacaccta tgtattatta caagatatta aaccctctgc gattactcat 21955 |
| aggaatgtac gtaatactta tacaggcaac ttcacgtcat ccagagaaaa ttaagttgta 22015 |
| caaaatagac atcaactaat atagtaatag aaaatcccct gaaaatagat tcaggggatt 22075 |
| taataaatta accaaaaatc ataataaaaa tttatttcat tattttagga taaatattta 22135 |
| attagcctaa taatgaatta ttacttaaag taattcctaa acaatcaaat cggaaattaa 22195 |
| taaattcaat ggttcttgat atttatgcct gagagtataa gcacaatatt tcactgaggg 22255 |
| tgtcggatgc gatttaaaat tcaaaaaggt aatgccttta tgaaggtcag cagaacagag 22315 |
| cacttcattc ggtgtcatta aacttatcgc gatacctgat ttcactaagt ccaaccgatt 22375 |
| agtaaaatca ggcacagtta gcaaagttaa attctggtat tcaggtagac aattcagtga 22435 |
| aataaaattg ccgcactgtt taaagaaagc actattatgc tgagccaaag gcaatgtata 22495 |
| tataatatta tcagcgttac tttccgatcc taaaatatca ttagctacag caaggcgcaa 22555 |
| agtctgataa gttccatcca ctctgataat atcatcgttg tcaggataat gttcagtcgt 22615 |
| cacatagacg gttatatctt ccttcattaa agaagaaaat attgtctctt ttcttgccga 22675 |
| atcatcaacc agaaaattgt tttttatgta aatatcacga taatgataac gttgtaccgc 22735 |
| tctttttatc actgccgaaa ttttattaat atattctcca cttgtcccga tgaccagttt 22795 |
| gccggtgttt gctaattttc cgcttctacg ataatgccaa ttatcctcaa ctcgctgaat 22855 |
| tctctcataa cacggcaata gctcctgata taatgccttc ccctcttcag tgagtttggt 22915 |
| ccttcccggt agtcgttcaa atagttgaca gcccacacgt tgttccagtt gatatatgat 22975 |
| cctacttaga ggagagggag taatacaaag cgtatccgcg gctaaagtaa atgactcttt 23035 |
| tttcgctgac tccataaaat atttcaagct ctttgaacaa aatagcatca tatatccttc 23095 |
| ttattttaat tcattgttcc atccgaaata gaatggaatg ttaacaagaa aacattacaa 23155 |
| ctacttttct tctttgcatt atttaacatc aaagtatgca ttaactgaga ttgagtttta 23215 |
| tcatctttat tcttaacagt tatcaaacaa ttttcattat tattgcaaaa taaatacaac 23275 |
| cccttcttat gttacaataa tgattataaa gaaatttcac atattatcat taagtaataa 23335 |
| tgggcacaat taaccattta attaaacatt tcaattggtt gacaaagact cattatgttc 23395 |
| aacatgtaat gagcgcaatt ttaacattaa ataaattaca tagttcatat tcattatcac 23455 |
| tgagatcagc ttttttcgta tagtacatca tgtgaacaat accgtgccat ttcctgccaa 23515 |
| atcttattaa aaagtcagtt gcaaattttg catctgcttt ttttgcaaca gctatttaaa 23575 |
| gaaaacagtg agatagtgat tatccgagag atcaagatat gtctgctctt tacgcacaaa 23635 |
| ctgcaaacca tttctatgca tatctcagct atttctcaaa acctgtattt aatcatctct 23695 |
| tattccgatg gaacggaatc attctctgat tgattcatga tgtaaagaca atatggatgt 23755 |
| ttcatttact tt atg att tta aaa gga ata aat atg aat tcg cct gta aaa 23806 |
| Met Ile Leu Lys Gly Ile Asn Met Asn Ser Pro Val Lys |
| 960 965 |
| gag ata cct gat gta tta aaa atc cag tgt ggt ttt cag tgt ctg aca 23854 |
| Glu Ile Pro Asp Val Leu Lys Ile Gln Cys Gly Phe Gln Cys Leu Thr |
| 970 975 980 |
| gat att agc cac agc tct ttt aac gaa ttt cac cag caa gta tcc gaa 23902 |
| Asp Ile Ser His Ser Ser Phe Asn Glu Phe His Gln Gln Val Ser Glu |
| 985 990 995 1000 |
| cac ctc tcc tgg tcc gaa gca cac gac tta tat cat gat gca caa cag 23950 |
| His Leu Ser Trp Ser Glu Ala His Asp Leu Tyr His Asp Ala Gln Gln |
| 1005 1010 1015 |
| gcc caa aag gat aat cgg ctg tat gaa gcg cgt att ctt aaa cgc acg 23998 |
| Ala Gln Lys Asp Asn Arg Leu Tyr Glu Ala Arg Ile Leu Lys Arg Thr |
| 1020 1025 1030 |
| aat cct caa tta caa aat gct gta cat ctt gcc atc gta gcg cct aat 24046 |
| Asn Pro Gln Leu Gln Asn Ala Val His Leu Ala Ile Val Ala Pro Asn |
| 1035 1040 1045 |
| gct gaa ctg ata ggc tat aac aac caa ttt agc ggc agg gcc agt caa 24094 |
| Ala Glu Leu Ile Gly Tyr Asn Asn Gln Phe Ser Gly Arg Ala Ser Gln |
| 1050 1055 1060 |
| tat gtc gcg ccg ggt acc gtt tcc tcc atg ttc tcc ccc gcc gct tat 24142 |
| Tyr Val Ala Pro Gly Thr Val Ser Ser Met Phe Ser Pro Ala Ala Tyr |
| 1065 1070 1075 1080 |
| ttg act gag ctt tat cgt gaa gca cgc aat tta cac gcc agc gat tcc 24190 |
| Leu Thr Glu Leu Tyr Arg Glu Ala Arg Asn Leu His Ala Ser Asp Ser |
| 1085 1090 1095 |
| gtt tat cgc ctg gat act cgc cgc cca gat ctc aaa tca atg gcg ctc 24238 |
| Val Tyr Arg Leu Asp Thr Arg Arg Pro Asp Leu Lys Ser Met Ala Leu |
| 1100 1105 1110 |
| agt caa caa aat atg gat acg gaa ctt tcc act ctc tct tta tcc aat 24286 |
| Ser Gln Gln Asn Met Asp Thr Glu Leu Ser Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Asn |
| 1115 1120 1125 |
| gag cta tta ttg gaa agc att aaa act gag tct aag ctg gat aat tat 24334 |
| Glu Leu Leu Leu Glu Ser Ile Lys Thr Glu Ser Lys Leu Asp Asn Tyr |
| 1130 1135 1140 |
| act caa gtg atg gaa atg ctc tcc gct ttc cgt cct tcc ggc gcg acg 24382 |
| Thr Gln Val Met Glu Met Leu Ser Ala Phe Arg Pro Ser Gly Ala Thr |
| 1145 1150 1155 1160 |
| cct tat cac gat gct tac gaa aat gtg cgt aaa gtt atc cag cta caa 24430 |
| Pro Tyr His Asp Ala Tyr Glu Asn Val Arg Lys Val Ile Gln Leu Gln |
| 1165 1170 1175 |
| gat cct ggg ctt gag caa tta aat gct tca cca gcc att gcc ggg ctg 24478 |
| Asp Pro Gly Leu Glu Gln Leu Asn Ala Ser Pro Ala Ile Ala Gly Leu |
| 1180 1185 1190 |
| atg cat caa gct tcc cta tta ggt att aac gct tca atc tca cct gag 24526 |
| Met His Gln Ala Ser Leu Leu Gly Ile Asn Ala Ser Ile Ser Pro Glu |
| 1195 1200 1205 |
| ttg ttt aat att ctg acg gag gag att act gaa ggt aat gct gag gaa 24574 |
| Leu Phe Asn Ile Leu Thr Glu Glu Ile Thr Glu Gly Asn Ala Glu Glu |
| 1210 1215 1220 |
| ctt tat aag aaa aat ttt ggt aat atc gaa ccg gct tca ctg gct atg 24622 |
| Leu Tyr Lys Lys Asn Phe Gly Asn Ile Glu Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Met |
| 1225 1230 1235 1240 |
| ccg gaa tac ctt aga cgt tat tac aat tta agt gat gaa gaa ctc agc 24670 |
| Pro Glu Tyr Leu Arg Arg Tyr Tyr Asn Leu Ser Asp Glu Glu Leu Ser |
| 1245 1250 1255 |
| cag ttt att ggt aaa gcc agc aat ttc ggc caa caa gaa tat agt aat 24718 |
| Gln Phe Ile Gly Lys Ala Ser Asn Phe Gly Gln Gln Glu Tyr Ser Asn |
| 1260 1265 1270 |
| aac caa ctc att act ccg ata gtc aac agc aat gat ggc aca gtc aag 24766 |
| Asn Gln Leu Ile Thr Pro Ile Val Asn Ser Asn Asp Gly Thr Val Lys |
| 1275 1280 1285 |
| gta tat cga att acc cgc gaa tat aca aca aat gcc aat caa gta gac 24814 |
| Val Tyr Arg Ile Thr Arg Glu Tyr Thr Thr Asn Ala Asn Gln Val Asp |
| 1290 1295 1300 |
| gtg gag ctg ttt ccc tac ggt gga gaa aat tat cag tta aat tac aaa 24862 |
| Val Glu Leu Phe Pro Tyr Gly Gly Glu Asn Tyr Gln Leu Asn Tyr Lys |
| 1305 1310 1315 1320 |
| ttc aaa gat tct cgt cag gat gtc tcc tat tta tcc atc aaa tta aat 24910 |
| Phe Lys Asp Ser Arg Gln Asp Val Ser Tyr Leu Ser Ile Lys Leu Asn |
| 1325 1330 1335 |
| gac aaa aga gaa ctt atc cga att gaa gga gcg cct cag gtc aac atc 24958 |
| Asp Lys Arg Glu Leu Ile Arg Ile Glu Gly Ala Pro Gln Val Asn Ile |
| 1340 1345 1350 |
| gaa tat tca gaa cat atc aca tta agt aca act gat atc agt caa cct 25006 |
| Glu Tyr Ser Glu His Ile Thr Leu Ser Thr Thr Asp Ile Ser Gln Pro |
| 1355 1360 1365 |
| ttt gaa atc ggc cta aca cga gta tat cct tct agt tct tgg gca tat 25054 |
| Phe Glu Ile Gly Leu Thr Arg Val Tyr Pro Ser Ser Ser Trp Ala Tyr |
| 1370 1375 1380 |
| gca gcc gca aaa ttt acc att gag gaa tat aac caa tac tct ttc ctg 25102 |
| Ala Ala Ala Lys Phe Thr Ile Glu Glu Tyr Asn Gln Tyr Ser Phe Leu |
| 1385 1390 1395 1400 |
| tta aaa ctc aat aaa gct att cgt cta tct cgt gcg aca gaa tta tca 25150 |
| Leu Lys Leu Asn Lys Ala Ile Arg Leu Ser Arg Ala Thr Glu Leu Ser |
| 1405 1410 1415 |
| ccc acc att ctg gaa agt att gtg cgt agt gtt aat cag caa ctg gat 25198 |
| Pro Thr Ile Leu Glu Ser Ile Val Arg Ser Val Asn Gln Gln Leu Asp |
| 1420 1425 1430 |
| atc aac gca gaa gta tta ggt aaa gtt ttt ctg act aaa tat tat atg 25246 |
| Ile Asn Ala Glu Val Leu Gly Lys Val Phe Leu Thr Lys Tyr Tyr Met |
| 1435 1440 1445 |
| caa cgt tat gct att aat gct gaa act gcc cta ata cta tgc aat gca 25294 |
| Gln Arg Tyr Ala Ile Asn Ala Glu Thr Ala Leu Ile Leu Cys Asn Ala |
| 1450 1455 1460 |
| ctt att tca caa cgt tca tat gat aat caa cct agc caa ttt gat cgc 25342 |
| Leu Ile Ser Gln Arg Ser Tyr Asp Asn Gln Pro Ser Gln Phe Asp Arg |
| 1465 1470 1475 1480 |
| ctg ttt aat acg cca tta ctg aac ggc caa tat ttt tct acc gga gat 25390 |
| Leu Phe Asn Thr Pro Leu Leu Asn Gly Gln Tyr Phe Ser Thr Gly Asp |
| 1485 1490 1495 |
| gaa gag att gat tta aat cca ggt agt act ggc gat tgg cgt aaa tcc 25438 |
| Glu Glu Ile Asp Leu Asn Pro Gly Ser Thr Gly Asp Trp Arg Lys Ser |
| 1500 1505 1510 |
| gtg ctt aaa cgt gca ttt aat atc gat gat att tcc ctc tac cgc ctg 25486 |
| Val Leu Lys Arg Ala Phe Asn Ile Asp Asp Ile Ser Leu Tyr Arg Leu |
| 1515 1520 1525 |
| ctt aaa att acc aac cat aat aat caa gat gga aag att aaa aat aac 25534 |
| Leu Lys Ile Thr Asn His Asn Asn Gln Asp Gly Lys Ile Lys Asn Asn |
| 1530 1535 1540 |
| tta aat aat ctt tct gat tta tat att ggg aaa tta ctg gca gaa att 25582 |
| Leu Asn Asn Leu Ser Asp Leu Tyr Ile Gly Lys Leu Leu Ala Glu Ile |
| 1545 1550 1555 1560 |
| cat caa tta acc att gat gaa ttg gat tta ttg ctg gtt gcc gtg ggt 25630 |
| His Gln Leu Thr Ile Asp Glu Leu Asp Leu Leu Leu Val Ala Val Gly |
| 1565 1570 1575 |
| gaa gga gaa act aat tta tcc gct atc agt gat aaa caa ctg gcg gca 25678 |
| Glu Gly Glu Thr Asn Leu Ser Ala Ile Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Ala Ala |
| 1580 1585 1590 |
| ctg atc aga aaa ctc aat acc att acc gtc tgg cta cag aca cag aag 25726 |
| Leu Ile Arg Lys Leu Asn Thr Ile Thr Val Trp Leu Gln Thr Gln Lys |
| 1595 1600 1605 |
| tgg agt gcg ttc caa tta ttt gtt atg act tcc acc agc tat aac aaa 25774 |
| Trp Ser Ala Phe Gln Leu Phe Val Met Thr Ser Thr Ser Tyr Asn Lys |
| 1610 1615 1620 |
| acg ctg acg cct gaa att aag aat ctg ctg gat acc gtc tac cac ggt 25822 |
| Thr Leu Thr Pro Glu Ile Lys Asn Leu Leu Asp Thr Val Tyr His Gly |
| 1625 1630 1635 1640 |
| tta caa ggc ttt gat aaa gac aag gca aat tta ctg cat gtt atg gcg 25870 |
| Leu Gln Gly Phe Asp Lys Asp Lys Ala Asn Leu Leu His Val Met Ala |
| 1645 1650 1655 |
| ccc tat att gcg gcc acc tta caa tta tca tcg gaa aat gtc gcc cat 25918 |
| Pro Tyr Ile Ala Ala Thr Leu Gln Leu Ser Ser Glu Asn Val Ala His |
| 1660 1665 1670 |
| tct gtg ctg ctt tgg gca gac aag tta aag ccc ggc gac ggc gca atg 25966 |
| Ser Val Leu Leu Trp Ala Asp Lys Leu Lys Pro Gly Asp Gly Ala Met |
| 1675 1680 1685 |
| aca gcc gaa aaa ttc tgg gac tgg ttg aat act caa tat acg cca gat 26014 |
| Thr Ala Glu Lys Phe Trp Asp Trp Leu Asn Thr Gln Tyr Thr Pro Asp |
| 1690 1695 1700 |
| tca tcg gaa gta tta gca aca cag gaa cat att gtt cag tat tgt cag 26062 |
| Ser Ser Glu Val Leu Ala Thr Gln Glu His Ile Val Gln Tyr Cys Gln |
| 1705 1710 1715 1720 |
| gcg ttg gcg caa tta gaa atg gtt tac cat tcc acc ggt atc aat gaa 26110 |
| Ala Leu Ala Gln Leu Glu Met Val Tyr His Ser Thr Gly Ile Asn Glu |
| 1725 1730 1735 |
| aac gcc ttc cgc ctg ttt gtg aca aaa cca gag atg ttt ggc tcg tca 26158 |
| Asn Ala Phe Arg Leu Phe Val Thr Lys Pro Glu Met Phe Gly Ser Ser |
| 1740 1745 1750 |
| act gag gca gta cct gcg cat gat gca ctt tca ctg atc atg ctg acg 26206 |
| Thr Glu Ala Val Pro Ala His Asp Ala Leu Ser Leu Ile Met Leu Thr |
| 1755 1760 1765 |
| cgt ttt gca gat tgg gtt aat gcg tta ggc gaa aaa gcc tct tcc gta 26254 |
| Arg Phe Ala Asp Trp Val Asn Ala Leu Gly Glu Lys Ala Ser Ser Val |
| 1770 1775 1780 |
| cta gcg gca ttt gaa gct aac agt tta acg gca gaa caa ttg gct gat 26302 |
| Leu Ala Ala Phe Glu Ala Asn Ser Leu Thr Ala Glu Gln Leu Ala Asp |
| 1785 1790 1795 1800 |
| gcc atg aat ctt gat gct aat ttg cta ttg caa gcc agt act caa gca 26350 |
| Ala Met Asn Leu Asp Ala Asn Leu Leu Leu Gln Ala Ser Thr Gln Ala |
| 1805 1810 1815 |
| caa aac cat caa cat ctt ccc cca gtg acg caa aaa aat gct ttc tcc 26398 |
| Gln Asn His Gln His Leu Pro Pro Val Thr Gln Lys Asn Ala Phe Ser |
| 1820 1825 1830 |
| tgt tgg aca tct atc gac act atc ctg caa tgg gtt aat gtt gca caa 26446 |
| Cys Trp Thr Ser Ile Asp Thr Ile Leu Gln Trp Val Asn Val Ala Gln |
| 1835 1840 1845 |
| caa ttg aat gtc gcc cca cag gga gtt tcc gct ttg gtc ggg ctg gat 26494 |
| Gln Leu Asn Val Ala Pro Gln Gly Val Ser Ala Leu Val Gly Leu Asp |
| 1850 1855 1860 |
| tat att caa tta aat caa aaa atc ccc acc tat gcc cag tgg gaa agt 26542 |
| Tyr Ile Gln Leu Asn Gln Lys Ile Pro Thr Tyr Ala Gln Trp Glu Ser |
| 1865 1870 1875 1880 |
| gct ggg gaa ata ttg act gcc gga ttg aat tca caa cag gct gat ata 26590 |
| Ala Gly Glu Ile Leu Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gln Gln Ala Asp Ile |
| 1885 1890 1895 |
| tta cac gct ttt ttg gac gaa tct cgc agt gcc gca tta agc acc tac 26638 |
| Leu His Ala Phe Leu Asp Glu Ser Arg Ser Ala Ala Leu Ser Thr Tyr |
| 1900 1905 1910 |
| tat atc cgt caa gtc gcc aag cca gcg gca gcc ata aaa agc cgt gat 26686 |
| Tyr Ile Arg Gln Val Ala Lys Pro Ala Ala Ala Ile Lys Ser Arg Asp |
| 1915 1920 1925 |
| gac ttg tac caa tac tta cta att gat aat cag gtt tcc gct gca atc 26734 |
| Asp Leu Tyr Gln Tyr Leu Leu Ile Asp Asn Gln Val Ser Ala Ala Ile |
| 1930 1935 1940 |
| aaa act acc cgg att gcc gaa gcc att gcc agc att caa ctg tac gtc 26782 |
| Lys Thr Thr Arg Ile Ala Glu Ala Ile Ala Ser Ile Gln Leu Tyr Val |
| 1945 1950 1955 1960 |
| aac cgc acg ctg gaa aat gta gaa gaa aat gcc cat tca ggg gtt atc 26830 |
| Asn Arg Thr Leu Glu Asn Val Glu Glu Asn Ala His Ser Gly Val Ile |
| 1965 1970 1975 |
| agc cgt cag ttc ttt atc gac tgg gac aaa tat aac aaa cgc tac agc 26878 |
| Ser Arg Gln Phe Phe Ile Asp Trp Asp Lys Tyr Asn Lys Arg Tyr Ser |
| 1980 1985 1990 |
| acc tgg gcg ggt gtt tct caa tta gtt tac tac ccg gaa aac tat att 26926 |
| Thr Trp Ala Gly Val Ser Gln Leu Val Tyr Tyr Pro Glu Asn Tyr Ile |
| 1995 2000 2005 |
| gat ccc acc atg cgt atc gga caa acc aaa atg atg gac gca tta ttg 26974 |
| Asp Pro Thr Met Arg Ile Gly Gln Thr Lys Met Met Asp Ala Leu Leu |
| 2010 2015 2020 |
| caa tcc gtc agc caa agc caa tta aat gcc gat act gtc gaa gac gcc 27022 |
| Gln Ser Val Ser Gln Ser Gln Leu Asn Ala Asp Thr Val Glu Asp Ala |
| 2025 2030 2035 2040 |
| ttt atg tct tat ctg aca tcg ttt gag caa gtg gct aat ctt aaa gtt 27070 |
| Phe Met Ser Tyr Leu Thr Ser Phe Glu Gln Val Ala Asn Leu Lys Val |
| 2045 2050 2055 |
| att agc gcg tat cac gat aat att aac aac gat caa ggg ctg acc tat 27118 |
| Ile Ser Ala Tyr His Asp Asn Ile Asn Asn Asp Gln Gly Leu Thr Tyr |
| 2060 2065 2070 |
| ttt atc ggc ctc agt gaa act gat acc ggt gaa tac tat tgg cgc agt 27166 |
| Phe Ile Gly Leu Ser Glu Thr Asp Thr Gly Glu Tyr Tyr Trp Arg Ser |
| 2075 2080 2085 |
| gtc gat cac agt aaa ttc agc gac ggt aaa ttc gcc gct aat gcc tgg 27214 |
| Val Asp His Ser Lys Phe Ser Asp Gly Lys Phe Ala Ala Asn Ala Trp |
| 2090 2095 2100 |
| agt gaa tgg cac aaa att gat tgt cca att aat cct tac cga agc act 27262 |
| Ser Glu Trp His Lys Ile Asp Cys Pro Ile Asn Pro Tyr Arg Ser Thr |
| 2105 2110 2115 2120 |
| atc cgt cct gtg atg tac aaa tcc cgc ttg tat ctg ctc tgg ttg gaa 27310 |
| Ile Arg Pro Val Met Tyr Lys Ser Arg Leu Tyr Leu Leu Trp Leu Glu |
| 2125 2130 2135 |
| caa aag gag atc act aaa caa aca gga aat agc aaa gat ggc tat caa 27358 |
| Gln Lys Glu Ile Thr Lys Gln Thr Gly Asn Ser Lys Asp Gly Tyr Gln |
| 2140 2145 2150 |
| acc gag aca gat tat cgt tat gag cta aaa ttg gcg cat atc cgt tat 27406 |
| Thr Glu Thr Asp Tyr Arg Tyr Glu Leu Lys Leu Ala His Ile Arg Tyr |
| 2155 2160 2165 |
| gac ggt acc tgg aat acg cca atc act ttt gat gtc aat gaa aaa ata 27454 |
| Asp Gly Thr Trp Asn Thr Pro Ile Thr Phe Asp Val Asn Glu Lys Ile |
| 2170 2175 2180 |
| tcc aag cta gaa ctg gca aaa aat aaa gcg cct ggg ctc tat tgt gct 27502 |
| Ser Lys Leu Glu Leu Ala Lys Asn Lys Ala Pro Gly Leu Tyr Cys Ala |
| 2185 2190 2195 2200 |
| ggt tat caa ggt gaa gat acg ttg ctg gtt atg ttt tat aac caa caa 27550 |
| Gly Tyr Gln Gly Glu Asp Thr Leu Leu Val Met Phe Tyr Asn Gln Gln |
| 2205 2210 2215 |
| gat aca ctc gat agt tat aaa acc gct tca atg caa ggg cta tat atc 27598 |
| Asp Thr Leu Asp Ser Tyr Lys Thr Ala Ser Met Gln Gly Leu Tyr Ile |
| 2220 2225 2230 |
| ttt gcc gat atg gaa tat aaa gat atg acc gat gga caa tac aaa tct 27646 |
| Phe Ala Asp Met Glu Tyr Lys Asp Met Thr Asp Gly Gln Tyr Lys Ser |
| 2235 2240 2245 |
| tat cgg gac aac agc tat aaa caa ttc gat act aat agt gtc aga aga 27694 |
| Tyr Arg Asp Asn Ser Tyr Lys Gln Phe Asp Thr Asn Ser Val Arg Arg |
| 2250 2255 2260 |
| gtg aat aac cgc tat gca gag gat tat gaa att ccc tca tcg gta aat 27742 |
| Val Asn Asn Arg Tyr Ala Glu Asp Tyr Glu Ile Pro Ser Ser Val Asn |
| 2265 2270 2275 2280 |
| agc cgt aaa ggc tat gat tgg gga gat tat tat ctc agt atg gta tat 27790 |
| Ser Arg Lys Gly Tyr Asp Trp Gly Asp Tyr Tyr Leu Ser Met Val Tyr |
| 2285 2290 2295 |
| aac gga gat att cca act att agt tac aaa gcc aca tca agt gat tta 27838 |
| Asn Gly Asp Ile Pro Thr Ile Ser Tyr Lys Ala Thr Ser Ser Asp Leu |
| 2300 2305 2310 |
| aaa atc tat atc tcg cca aaa tta aga att att cat aat gga tat gaa 27886 |
| Lys Ile Tyr Ile Ser Pro Lys Leu Arg Ile Ile His Asn Gly Tyr Glu |
| 2315 2320 2325 |
| ggg cag caa cgc aat caa tgc aat cta atg aat aaa tat ggc aaa cta 27934 |
| Gly Gln Gln Arg Asn Gln Cys Asn Leu Met Asn Lys Tyr Gly Lys Leu |
| 2330 2335 2340 |
| ggt gat aaa ttt att gtt tat act agc ttg gga gtt aat cca aat aat 27982 |
| Gly Asp Lys Phe Ile Val Tyr Thr Ser Leu Gly Val Asn Pro Asn Asn |
| 2345 2350 2355 2360 |
| tcg tca aat aag ctg atg ttt tac ccc gtt tat caa tat aac gga aat 28030 |
| Ser Ser Asn Lys Leu Met Phe Tyr Pro Val Tyr Gln Tyr Asn Gly Asn |
| 2365 2370 2375 |
| gtc agt ggg ctt agt caa ggg aga tta cta ttc cac cgt gac acc aat 28078 |
| Val Ser Gly Leu Ser Gln Gly Arg Leu Leu Phe His Arg Asp Thr Asn |
| 2380 2385 2390 |
| tat tca tct aaa gta gaa gct tgg att cct gga gca gga cgt tct cta 28126 |
| Tyr Ser Ser Lys Val Glu Ala Trp Ile Pro Gly Ala Gly Arg Ser Leu |
| 2395 2400 2405 |
| acc aat ccg aat gct gcc att ggt gat gat tat gct aca gac tcg tta 28174 |
| Thr Asn Pro Asn Ala Ala Ile Gly Asp Asp Tyr Ala Thr Asp Ser Leu |
| 2410 2415 2420 |
| aac aaa ccg aat gat ctt aag caa tac gtc tat atg act gac agt aaa 28222 |
| Asn Lys Pro Asn Asp Leu Lys Gln Tyr Val Tyr Met Thr Asp Ser Lys |
| 2425 2430 2435 2440 |
| ggt act gct acc gat gtc tca gga cca gta gat atc aat act gca att 28270 |
| Gly Thr Ala Thr Asp Val Ser Gly Pro Val Asp Ile Asn Thr Ala Ile |
| 2445 2450 2455 |
| tcc ccg gca aaa gtt cag gta aca gta aaa gcc ggt agc aaa gaa caa 28318 |
| Ser Pro Ala Lys Val Gln Val Thr Val Lys Ala Gly Ser Lys Glu Gln |
| 2460 2465 2470 |
| acg ttt acc gcg gat aaa aat gtc tcc att cag cca tcc cct agc ttt 28366 |
| Thr Phe Thr Ala Asp Lys Asn Val Ser Ile Gln Pro Ser Pro Ser Phe |
| 2475 2480 2485 |
| gat gaa atg aat tat caa ttt aat gct ctc gaa ata gat ggc tca agt 28414 |
| Asp Glu Met Asn Tyr Gln Phe Asn Ala Leu Glu Ile Asp Gly Ser Ser |
| 2490 2495 2500 |
| ctg aat ttt act aac aat tca gcc agt att gat att acc ttt acc gca 28462 |
| Leu Asn Phe Thr Asn Asn Ser Ala Ser Ile Asp Ile Thr Phe Thr Ala |
| 2505 2510 2515 2520 |
| ttt gca gag gat gga cgt aaa ctg ggt tat gaa agt ttc agt att cct 28510 |
| Phe Ala Glu Asp Gly Arg Lys Leu Gly Tyr Glu Ser Phe Ser Ile Pro |
| 2525 2530 2535 |
| att acc cgc aag gtg agt act gat aat tcc ctg acc ctg cgc cat aat 28558 |
| Ile Thr Arg Lys Val Ser Thr Asp Asn Ser Leu Thr Leu Arg His Asn |
| 2540 2545 2550 |
| gaa aat ggt gcg caa tat atg caa tgg gga gtc tat cgc att cgt ctt 28606 |
| Glu Asn Gly Ala Gln Tyr Met Gln Trp Gly Val Tyr Arg Ile Arg Leu |
| 2555 2560 2565 |
| aat act tta ttt gct cgc caa tta gtt gcg cga gcc act acc ggt att 28654 |
| Asn Thr Leu Phe Ala Arg Gln Leu Val Ala Arg Ala Thr Thr Gly Ile |
| 2570 2575 2580 |
| gat acg att ctg agt atg gaa act cag aat att cag gaa cca cag tta 28702 |
| Asp Thr Ile Leu Ser Met Glu Thr Gln Asn Ile Gln Glu Pro Gln Leu |
| 2585 2590 2595 2600 |
| ggc aaa ggt ttc tac gct acg ttc gtg ata cct ccg tat aac cca tca 28750 |
| Gly Lys Gly Phe Tyr Ala Thr Phe Val Ile Pro Pro Tyr Asn Pro Ser |
| 2605 2610 2615 |
| act cat ggt gat gaa cgt tgg ttt aag ctt tat atc aaa cat gtt gtt 28798 |
| Thr His Gly Asp Glu Arg Trp Phe Lys Leu Tyr Ile Lys His Val Val |
| 2620 2625 2630 |
| gat aat aat tca cat att atc tat tca ggt cag cta aaa gat aca aat 28846 |
| Asp Asn Asn Ser His Ile Ile Tyr Ser Gly Gln Leu Lys Asp Thr Asn |
| 2635 2640 2645 |
| ata agc acc acg tta ttt atc cct ctt gat gat gtt cca ttg aac caa 28894 |
| Ile Ser Thr Thr Leu Phe Ile Pro Leu Asp Asp Val Pro Leu Asn Gln |
| 2650 2655 2660 |
| gat tac agc gcc aag gtt tac atg acc ttc aag aaa tca cca tca gat 28942 |
| Asp Tyr Ser Ala Lys Val Tyr Met Thr Phe Lys Lys Ser Pro Ser Asp |
| 2665 2670 2675 2680 |
| ggt acc tgg tgg ggc cct cac ttt gtt aga gat gat aaa gga ata gta 28990 |
| Gly Thr Trp Trp Gly Pro His Phe Val Arg Asp Asp Lys Gly Ile Val |
| 2685 2690 2695 |
| aca ata aac cct aaa tcc att ttg acc cac ttt gag agc gtc aat gtc 29038 |
| Thr Ile Asn Pro Lys Ser Ile Leu Thr His Phe Glu Ser Val Asn Val |
| 2700 2705 2710 |
| ctg aat aat att agt agc gaa cca atg gat ttc agc ggc gct aac agc 29086 |
| Leu Asn Asn Ile Ser Ser Glu Pro Met Asp Phe Ser Gly Ala Asn Ser |
| 2715 2720 2725 |
| ctc tat ttt tgg gaa ctg ttc tac tat acc ccg atg ctg gtt gcc caa 29134 |
| Leu Tyr Phe Trp Glu Leu Phe Tyr Tyr Thr Pro Met Leu Val Ala Gln |
| 2730 2735 2740 |
| cgt ttg ttg cat gag caa aac ttt gat gaa gcg aac cgc tgg ctg aaa 29182 |
| Arg Leu Leu His Glu Gln Asn Phe Asp Glu Ala Asn Arg Trp Leu Lys |
| 2745 2750 2755 2760 |
| tat gtc tgg agc cca tcc ggg tat att gtt cac ggc cag att cag aat 29230 |
| Tyr Val Trp Ser Pro Ser Gly Tyr Ile Val His Gly Gln Ile Gln Asn |
| 2765 2770 2775 |
| tat caa tgg aac gtc cgc ccg tta ttg gaa gat acc agt tgg aac agt 29278 |
| Tyr Gln Trp Asn Val Arg Pro Leu Leu Glu Asp Thr Ser Trp Asn Ser |
| 2780 2785 2790 |
| gat cct ttg gat tcc gtc gat cct gac gcg gta gcg cag cac gat ccg 29326 |
| Asp Pro Leu Asp Ser Val Asp Pro Asp Ala Val Ala Gln His Asp Pro |
| 2795 2800 2805 |
| atg cac tat aaa gtt tca acc ttt atg cgc acc ctt gat ctg ttg atc 29374 |
| Met His Tyr Lys Val Ser Thr Phe Met Arg Thr Leu Asp Leu Leu Ile |
| 2810 2815 2820 |
| gcg cgc ggc gac cat gct tac cgc caa ttg gag cgc gat acg ctt aac 29422 |
| Ala Arg Gly Asp His Ala Tyr Arg Gln Leu Glu Arg Asp Thr Leu Asn |
| 2825 2830 2835 2840 |
| gaa gcg aag atg tgg tat atg caa gcg ctg cat ctg tta ggc gat aaa 29470 |
| Glu Ala Lys Met Trp Tyr Met Gln Ala Leu His Leu Leu Gly Asp Lys |
| 2845 2850 2855 |
| cct tat ctg ccg ctg agt acc aca tgg aat gat cca cga ctg gac aaa 29518 |
| Pro Tyr Leu Pro Leu Ser Thr Thr Trp Asn Asp Pro Arg Leu Asp Lys |
| 2860 2865 2870 |
| gcc gcg gat att act acc caa agt gct cat tcc agc tca ata gtc gct 29566 |
| Ala Ala Asp Ile Thr Thr Gln Ser Ala His Ser Ser Ser Ile Val Ala |
| 2875 2880 2885 |
| ttg cgg cag agt aca ccg gcg ctt tta tca ttg cgc agc gcc aat acc 29614 |
| Leu Arg Gln Ser Thr Pro Ala Leu Leu Ser Leu Arg Ser Ala Asn Thr |
| 2890 2895 2900 |
| ctg acc gat ctc ttc ctg ccg caa atc aat gaa gtg atg atg aat tac 29662 |
| Leu Thr Asp Leu Phe Leu Pro Gln Ile Asn Glu Val Met Met Asn Tyr |
| 2905 2910 2915 2920 |
| tgg caa aca tta gct cag aga gta tac aac ctg cgc cac aac ctc tct 29710 |
| Trp Gln Thr Leu Ala Gln Arg Val Tyr Asn Leu Arg His Asn Leu Ser |
| 2925 2930 2935 |
| atc gac ggt cag ccg tta tat ctg cca atc tat gcc aca ccg gcg gac 29758 |
| Ile Asp Gly Gln Pro Leu Tyr Leu Pro Ile Tyr Ala Thr Pro Ala Asp |
| 2940 2945 2950 |
| ccg aaa gcg tta ctc agc gcc gct gtt gcc act tct caa ggt gga ggc 29806 |
| Pro Lys Ala Leu Leu Ser Ala Ala Val Ala Thr Ser Gln Gly Gly Gly |
| 2955 2960 2965 |
| aag ctg ccg gag tca ttt atg tcc ctg tgg cgt ttc ccg cac atg ctg 29854 |
| Lys Leu Pro Glu Ser Phe Met Ser Leu Trp Arg Phe Pro His Met Leu |
| 2970 2975 2980 |
| gaa aat gct cgc agc atg gtt agc cag ctc acc caa ttc ggc tcc acg 29902 |
| Glu Asn Ala Arg Ser Met Val Ser Gln Leu Thr Gln Phe Gly Ser Thr |
| 2985 2990 2995 3000 |
| tta caa aat att atc gaa cgt cag gac gca gaa gcg ctc aat gcg tta 29950 |
| Leu Gln Asn Ile Ile Glu Arg Gln Asp Ala Glu Ala Leu Asn Ala Leu |
| 3005 3010 3015 |
| tta caa aat cag gcc gca gag ctg ata ttg act aac ctg agt att caa 29998 |
| Leu Gln Asn Gln Ala Ala Glu Leu Ile Leu Thr Asn Leu Ser Ile Gln |
| 3020 3025 3030 |
| gac aaa acc att gaa gaa ctg gat gcc gag aaa acc gtg ctg gaa aaa 30046 |
| Asp Lys Thr Ile Glu Glu Leu Asp Ala Glu Lys Thr Val Leu Glu Lys |
| 3035 3040 3045 |
| tcc aaa gcg gga gca caa tcg cgc ttt gat agc tat agc aaa ctg cat 30094 |
| Ser Lys Ala Gly Ala Gln Ser Arg Phe Asp Ser Tyr Ser Lys Leu His |
| 3050 3055 3060 |
| gat gaa aac atc aac gcc ggt gaa aac caa gct atg acg cta cga gcg 30142 |
| Asp Glu Asn Ile Asn Ala Gly Glu Asn Gln Ala Met Thr Leu Arg Ala |
| 3065 3070 3075 3080 |
| tcc gca gcc ggg ctt acc acg gcg gtt cag gca tcc cgt ctg gcc ggc 30190 |
| Ser Ala Ala Gly Leu Thr Thr Ala Val Gln Ala Ser Arg Leu Ala Gly |
| 3085 3090 3095 |
| gca gcg gct gat ctg gtg cct aac atc ttc ggc ttc gcc ggt ggt ggt 30238 |
| Ala Ala Ala Asp Leu Val Pro Asn Ile Phe Gly Phe Ala Gly Gly Gly |
| 3100 3105 3110 |
| agc cgt tgg ggg gct atc gct gag gcg acc ggc tat gta atg gaa ttt 30286 |
| Ser Arg Trp Gly Ala Ile Ala Glu Ala Thr Gly Tyr Val Met Glu Phe |
| 3115 3120 3125 |
| tcc gct aat gtt atg aat acc gaa gcg gat aaa att agc caa tct gaa 30334 |
| Ser Ala Asn Val Met Asn Thr Glu Ala Asp Lys Ile Ser Gln Ser Glu |
| 3130 3135 3140 |
| acc tac cgt cgt cgc cgt cag gag tgg gaa att cag cgt aat aat gcc 30382 |
| Thr Tyr Arg Arg Arg Arg Gln Glu Trp Glu Ile Gln Arg Asn Asn Ala |
| 3145 3150 3155 3160 |
| gaa gcg gag ctg aaa caa ctc gat gcc caa ctt aaa tcg ctg gca gta 30430 |
| Glu Ala Glu Leu Lys Gln Leu Asp Ala Gln Leu Lys Ser Leu Ala Val |
| 3165 3170 3175 |
| cgc cgt gaa gcc gcc gta ttg caa aaa acc agc ctg aaa acc caa caa 30478 |
| Arg Arg Glu Ala Ala Val Leu Gln Lys Thr Ser Leu Lys Thr Gln Gln |
| 3180 3185 3190 |
| gag cag acc caa gcc caa ttg gcc ttc ctg caa cgt aag ttc agc aat 30526 |
| Glu Gln Thr Gln Ala Gln Leu Ala Phe Leu Gln Arg Lys Phe Ser Asn |
| 3195 3200 3205 |
| caa gcg ttg tac aac tgg cta cgt ggc cga ctg gca gca att tac ttc 30574 |
| Gln Ala Leu Tyr Asn Trp Leu Arg Gly Arg Leu Ala Ala Ile Tyr Phe |
| 3210 3215 3220 |
| caa ttc tac gac ttg gct atc gcg cgt tgt tta atg gca gag cag gct 30622 |
| Gln Phe Tyr Asp Leu Ala Ile Ala Arg Cys Leu Met Ala Glu Gln Ala |
| 3225 3230 3235 3240 |
| tac cgt tgg gaa att agc gat gac tct gct cgc ttt att aaa ccg ggc 30670 |
| Tyr Arg Trp Glu Ile Ser Asp Asp Ser Ala Arg Phe Ile Lys Pro Gly |
| 3245 3250 3255 |
| gcc tgg caa gga acc tat gca ggt ctg ctg gca ggt gaa acc ttg atg 30718 |
| Ala Trp Gln Gly Thr Tyr Ala Gly Leu Leu Ala Gly Glu Thr Leu Met |
| 3260 3265 3270 |
| cta agt ttg gca caa atg gaa gac gcc cat tta aga cgc gat aaa cgc 30766 |
| Leu Ser Leu Ala Gln Met Glu Asp Ala His Leu Arg Arg Asp Lys Arg |
| 3275 3280 3285 |
| gca tta gag gtc gaa cgt aca gta tcg ctg gcc gaa att tat gct ggt 30814 |
| Ala Leu Glu Val Glu Arg Thr Val Ser Leu Ala Glu Ile Tyr Ala Gly |
| 3290 3295 3300 |
| tta ccg caa gat aaa ggc cca ttc tcc ctg acg caa gaa atc gag aag 30862 |
| Leu Pro Gln Asp Lys Gly Pro Phe Ser Leu Thr Gln Glu Ile Glu Lys |
| 3305 3310 3315 3320 |
| ctg gtg aat gca ggt tca ggc agc gcc ggc agt ggt aat aat aat ttg 30910 |
| Leu Val Asn Ala Gly Ser Gly Ser Ala Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Asn Leu |
| 3325 3330 3335 |
| gca ttt ggc gcc ggc acg gac act aaa act tct ttg cag gca tcc att 30958 |
| Ala Phe Gly Ala Gly Thr Asp Thr Lys Thr Ser Leu Gln Ala Ser Ile |
| 3340 3345 3350 |
| tca tta gct gat tta aaa att cgt gag gat tac ccg gaa tct att ggc 31006 |
| Ser Leu Ala Asp Leu Lys Ile Arg Glu Asp Tyr Pro Glu Ser Ile Gly |
| 3355 3360 3365 |
| aaa atc cga cgc atc aaa cag atc agc gtt acc ctg ccg gcg cta ttg 31054 |
| Lys Ile Arg Arg Ile Lys Gln Ile Ser Val Thr Leu Pro Ala Leu Leu |
| 3370 3375 3380 |
| gga cct tat cag gat gtg cag gca ata tta tct tac ggc gat aaa gcc 31102 |
| Gly Pro Tyr Gln Asp Val Gln Ala Ile Leu Ser Tyr Gly Asp Lys Ala |
| 3385 3390 3395 3400 |
| gga tta gcg aac ggc tgt gca gcg ctg gcc gtt tcc cac ggt acg aat 31150 |
| Gly Leu Ala Asn Gly Cys Ala Ala Leu Ala Val Ser His Gly Thr Asn |
| 3405 3410 3415 |
| gac agc ggt caa ttc cag ctc gat ttc aac gat ggc aaa ttc ctg ccg 31198 |
| Asp Ser Gly Gln Phe Gln Leu Asp Phe Asn Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Pro |
| 3420 3425 3430 |
| ttt gaa ggt atc gcc att gat caa ggt acg cta aca ctg agt ttt cct 31246 |
| Phe Glu Gly Ile Ala Ile Asp Gln Gly Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Phe Pro |
| 3435 3440 3445 |
| aat gca tca acg cca gcc aaa ggt aaa caa gcc act atg tta aaa acc 31294 |
| Asn Ala Ser Thr Pro Ala Lys Gly Lys Gln Ala Thr Met Leu Lys Thr |
| 3450 3455 3460 |
| ctg aac gat atc att ttg cat att cgc tac acc att aag taa 31336 |
| Leu Asn Asp Ile Ile Leu His Ile Arg Tyr Thr Ile Lys |
| 3465 3470 3475 |
| ccatcccaac acagaactaa gacaggcccc gaatcggggt ctggtaagga gtttct atg 31395 |
| Met |
| cag aat tca cag aca ttc agc atg acc gag ctg tca tta cct aag ggc 31443 |
| Gln Asn Ser Gln Thr Phe Ser Met Thr Glu Leu Ser Leu Pro Lys Gly |
| 3480 3485 3490 3495 |
| ggc ggc gcc att acc ggt atg ggt gaa gca tta acg ccg gcc ggg ccg 31491 |
| Gly Gly Ala Ile Thr Gly Met Gly Glu Ala Leu Thr Pro Ala Gly Pro |
| 3500 3505 3510 |
| gat ggt atg gca gcc tta tcg ctg cca ttg ccc att tct gcc gga cgt 31539 |
| Asp Gly Met Ala Ala Leu Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ile Ser Ala Gly Arg |
| 3515 3520 3525 |
| ggt tat gcc ccc tcg ctc acg ctg aac tac aac agc gga acc ggt aac 31587 |
| Gly Tyr Ala Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Asn Tyr Asn Ser Gly Thr Gly Asn |
| 3530 3535 3540 |
| agc ccg ttc ggt ctc ggt tgg gac tgt aac gtc atg aca att cgt cgt 31635 |
| Ser Pro Phe Gly Leu Gly Trp Asp Cys Asn Val Met Thr Ile Arg Arg |
| 3545 3550 3555 |
| cgc acc agt acc ggc gtg ccg aat tat gat gaa acc gat act ttt ctg 31683 |
| Arg Thr Ser Thr Gly Val Pro Asn Tyr Asp Glu Thr Asp Thr Phe Leu |
| 3560 3565 3570 3575 |
| ggg ccg gaa ggt gaa gtg ttg gtc gta gca tta aat gag gca ggt caa 31731 |
| Gly Pro Glu Gly Glu Val Leu Val Val Ala Leu Asn Glu Ala Gly Gln |
| 3580 3585 3590 |
| gct gat atc cgc agt gaa tcc tca tta cag ggc atc aat ttg ggg atg 31779 |
| Ala Asp Ile Arg Ser Glu Ser Ser Leu Gln Gly Ile Asn Leu Gly Met |
| 3595 3600 3605 |
| acc ttc acc gtt acc ggt tat cgc tcc cgt ttg gaa agc cac ttt agc 31827 |
| Thr Phe Thr Val Thr Gly Tyr Arg Ser Arg Leu Glu Ser His Phe Ser |
| 3610 3615 3620 |
| cgg ttg gaa tac tgg caa ccc caa aca aca ggc gca acc gat ttc tgg 31875 |
| Arg Leu Glu Tyr Trp Gln Pro Gln Thr Thr Gly Ala Thr Asp Phe Trp |
| 3625 3630 3635 |
| ctg ata tac agc ccc gac gga caa gcc cat tta ctg ggc aaa aat cct 31923 |
| Leu Ile Tyr Ser Pro Asp Gly Gln Ala His Leu Leu Gly Lys Asn Pro |
| 3640 3645 3650 3655 |
| caa gca cgc atc agc aat cca cta aat gtt aac caa aca gcg caa tgg 31971 |
| Gln Ala Arg Ile Ser Asn Pro Leu Asn Val Asn Gln Thr Ala Gln Trp |
| 3660 3665 3670 |
| cta ttg gaa gcc tcg gta tca tcc cac ggc gag cag att tat tat cag 32019 |
| Leu Leu Glu Ala Ser Val Ser Ser His Gly Glu Gln Ile Tyr Tyr Gln |
| 3675 3680 3685 |
| tat cga gcc gaa gat gaa act gat tgc gaa act gac gaa ctc aca gcc 32067 |
| Tyr Arg Ala Glu Asp Glu Thr Asp Cys Glu Thr Asp Glu Leu Thr Ala |
| 3690 3695 3700 |
| cac ccg aac aca acc gtc cag cgc tac ctg caa gta gta cat tac ggt 32115 |
| His Pro Asn Thr Thr Val Gln Arg Tyr Leu Gln Val Val His Tyr Gly |
| 3705 3710 3715 |
| aat cta acc gcc agc gaa gta ttt ccc acg cta aat gga gat gat cca 32163 |
| Asn Leu Thr Ala Ser Glu Val Phe Pro Thr Leu Asn Gly Asp Asp Pro |
| 3720 3725 3730 3735 |
| ctc aaa tct ggc tgg ttg ttc tgt tta gta ttt gat tac ggt gag cgc 32211 |
| Leu Lys Ser Gly Trp Leu Phe Cys Leu Val Phe Asp Tyr Gly Glu Arg |
| 3740 3745 3750 |
| aaa aac agc tta tct gaa atg ccg cca ttt aaa gcc aca agt aac tgg 32259 |
| Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser Glu Met Pro Pro Phe Lys Ala Thr Ser Asn Trp |
| 3755 3760 3765 |
| ctt tgc cgc aaa gac cgt ttt tcc cgt tat gaa tac ggt ttt gca ttg 32307 |
| Leu Cys Arg Lys Asp Arg Phe Ser Arg Tyr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Ala Leu |
| 3770 3775 3780 |
| cgc acc cgg cgc tta tgt cgc caa ata ctg atg ttt cac cgt ctg caa 32355 |
| Arg Thr Arg Arg Leu Cys Arg Gln Ile Leu Met Phe His Arg Leu Gln |
| 3785 3790 3795 |
| acc ctg tct ggt cag gca aaa ggc gac gat gaa ccc gca tta gtt tca 32403 |
| Thr Leu Ser Gly Gln Ala Lys Gly Asp Asp Glu Pro Ala Leu Val Ser |
| 3800 3805 3810 3815 |
| cgt ctg ata ctg gat tat gac gaa aac gcg gtg gtc agt acg ctc gtt 32451 |
| Arg Leu Ile Leu Asp Tyr Asp Glu Asn Ala Val Val Ser Thr Leu Val |
| 3820 3825 3830 |
| tct gtc cgc cga gtg gga cat gag caa gat ggc aca acg gcg gtc gcc 32499 |
| Ser Val Arg Arg Val Gly His Glu Gln Asp Gly Thr Thr Ala Val Ala |
| 3835 3840 3845 |
| ctg ccg cca ttg gaa ctg gct tat cag cct ttt gaa cca gaa caa aaa 32547 |
| Leu Pro Pro Leu Glu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Pro Phe Glu Pro Glu Gln Lys |
| 3850 3855 3860 |
| gca ctc tgg cga cca atg gat gta ctg gcg aat ttc aac acc atc caa 32595 |
| Ala Leu Trp Arg Pro Met Asp Val Leu Ala Asn Phe Asn Thr Ile Gln |
| 3865 3870 3875 |
| cgc tgg caa ctg ctt gat ctg caa ggc gaa ggc gta ccc ggt att ctg 32643 |
| Arg Trp Gln Leu Leu Asp Leu Gln Gly Glu Gly Val Pro Gly Ile Leu |
| 3880 3885 3890 3895 |
| tat cag gat aaa aat ggc tgg tgg tat cga tct gct caa cgt cag aca 32691 |
| Tyr Gln Asp Lys Asn Gly Trp Trp Tyr Arg Ser Ala Gln Arg Gln Thr |
| 3900 3905 3910 |
| ggg gaa gag atg aat gcg gtc acc tgg ggc aaa atg caa ctc ctt cct 32739 |
| Gly Glu Glu Met Asn Ala Val Thr Trp Gly Lys Met Gln Leu Leu Pro |
| 3915 3920 3925 |
| atc acg ccc gct att cag gat aac gcc tca ctg atg gat att aat ggt 32787 |
| Ile Thr Pro Ala Ile Gln Asp Asn Ala Ser Leu Met Asp Ile Asn Gly |
| 3930 3935 3940 |
| gat ggg caa ctg gat tgg gtt atc acc ggt ccg ggg cta agg ggt tat 32835 |
| Asp Gly Gln Leu Asp Trp Val Ile Thr Gly Pro Gly Leu Arg Gly Tyr |
| 3945 3950 3955 |
| cac agc cag cat cca gat ggc agt tgg aca cgt ttt acg ccg ttg cac 32883 |
| His Ser Gln His Pro Asp Gly Ser Trp Thr Arg Phe Thr Pro Leu His |
| 3960 3965 3970 3975 |
| gcc tta ccg ata gaa tat acc cat ccc cgc gcc caa ctt gcg gat tta 32931 |
| Ala Leu Pro Ile Glu Tyr Thr His Pro Arg Ala Gln Leu Ala Asp Leu |
| 3980 3985 3990 |
| atg ggg gcc ggg ctg tcc gat tta gtg ctg att ggt ccc aaa agc gtg 32979 |
| Met Gly Ala Gly Leu Ser Asp Leu Val Leu Ile Gly Pro Lys Ser Val |
| 3995 4000 4005 |
| cgt ttg tat gcc aat aac cgt gat ggt ttt acc gaa gga cgg gat gtg 33027 |
| Arg Leu Tyr Ala Asn Asn Arg Asp Gly Phe Thr Glu Gly Arg Asp Val |
| 4010 4015 4020 |
| gtg caa tcc ggt ggt atc acc ctg ccg tta ccg ggc gcc gat gcg cgt 33075 |
| Val Gln Ser Gly Gly Ile Thr Leu Pro Leu Pro Gly Ala Asp Ala Arg |
| 4025 4030 4035 |
| aag tta gtg gcc ttt agc gac gta ctc ggt tca ggc caa gca cat ttg 33123 |
| Lys Leu Val Ala Phe Ser Asp Val Leu Gly Ser Gly Gln Ala His Leu |
| 4040 4045 4050 4055 |
| gtt gaa gtt agt gcg acg aaa gtc acc tgc tgg cca aat ctg gga cat 33171 |
| Val Glu Val Ser Ala Thr Lys Val Thr Cys Trp Pro Asn Leu Gly His |
| 4060 4065 4070 |
| ggc cgt ttt ggt cag cca atc aca ttg ccg gga ttt agc caa tcc gcc 33219 |
| Gly Arg Phe Gly Gln Pro Ile Thr Leu Pro Gly Phe Ser Gln Ser Ala |
| 4075 4080 4085 |
| gcc aat ttt aat cct gat cga gtt cat ctg gcc gat ctg gac ggt agt 33267 |
| Ala Asn Phe Asn Pro Asp Arg Val His Leu Ala Asp Leu Asp Gly Ser |
| 4090 4095 4100 |
| ggt cct gcc gat ctg att tat gtt cat gct gac cat ctg gat att ttc 33315 |
| Gly Pro Ala Asp Leu Ile Tyr Val His Ala Asp His Leu Asp Ile Phe |
| 4105 4110 4115 |
| agc aat gaa agt ggt aac ggt ttt gca caa cca ttc aca ctc cgt ttt 33363 |
| Ser Asn Glu Ser Gly Asn Gly Phe Ala Gln Pro Phe Thr Leu Arg Phe |
| 4120 4125 4130 4135 |
| cct gac ggc ctg cgt ttt gat gat act tgc cag cta caa gtg gct gat 33411 |
| Pro Asp Gly Leu Arg Phe Asp Asp Thr Cys Gln Leu Gln Val Ala Asp |
| 4140 4145 4150 |
| gta cag gga tta ggg gtt gtc agc ctg atc ctg agc gta ccg cat atg 33459 |
| Val Gln Gly Leu Gly Val Val Ser Leu Ile Leu Ser Val Pro His Met |
| 4155 4160 4165 |
| gcg cca cac cat tgg cgc tgc gat ctg acc aac gcg aaa ccg tgg tta 33507 |
| Ala Pro His His Trp Arg Cys Asp Leu Thr Asn Ala Lys Pro Trp Leu |
| 4170 4175 4180 |
| ctc agt gaa atg aac aac aac atg gga gcc cat cac acc ctg cat tac 33555 |
| Leu Ser Glu Met Asn Asn Asn Met Gly Ala His His Thr Leu His Tyr |
| 4185 4190 4195 |
| cgt agc tcc gtc cag ttt tgg ctg gat gaa aaa gcc gca gcc tta gct 33603 |
| Arg Ser Ser Val Gln Phe Trp Leu Asp Glu Lys Ala Ala Ala Leu Ala |
| 4200 4205 4210 4215 |
| acc gga caa aca ccg gtc tgt tac ctg ccc ttc ccg gtc cat acc ctg 33651 |
| Thr Gly Gln Thr Pro Val Cys Tyr Leu Pro Phe Pro Val His Thr Leu |
| 4220 4225 4230 |
| tgg caa aca gaa acc gag gat gaa atc agc ggc aat aaa tta gtg acc 33699 |
| Trp Gln Thr Glu Thr Glu Asp Glu Ile Ser Gly Asn Lys Leu Val Thr |
| 4235 4240 4245 |
| act tta cgt tac gct cac ggc gcc tgg gat gga cgt gag cgg gaa ttt 33747 |
| Thr Leu Arg Tyr Ala His Gly Ala Trp Asp Gly Arg Glu Arg Glu Phe |
| 4250 4255 4260 |
| cgc ggc ttt ggc tat gtt gag cag aca gac agc cat caa ctg gct caa 33795 |
| Arg Gly Phe Gly Tyr Val Glu Gln Thr Asp Ser His Gln Leu Ala Gln |
| 4265 4270 4275 |
| ggc aat gcg ccg gaa cgt aca tca ccg gca ctt acc aaa aac tgg tat 33843 |
| Gly Asn Ala Pro Glu Arg Thr Ser Pro Ala Leu Thr Lys Asn Trp Tyr |
| 4280 4285 4290 4295 |
| gcc acc gga atc cct gag gta gac aat acg cta tct gcc ggg tat tgg 33891 |
| Ala Thr Gly Ile Pro Glu Val Asp Asn Thr Leu Ser Ala Gly Tyr Trp |
| 4300 4305 4310 |
| cgc ggt gat acg cag gct ttc act ggt ttt acg cca cac ttt act ctc 33939 |
| Arg Gly Asp Thr Gln Ala Phe Thr Gly Phe Thr Pro His Phe Thr Leu |
| 4315 4320 4325 |
| tgg aaa gag ggc aaa gat gtt cca ctg aca ccg gaa gat gac cac aat 33987 |
| Trp Lys Glu Gly Lys Asp Val Pro Leu Thr Pro Glu Asp Asp His Asn |
| 4330 4335 4340 |
| ctg tac tgg tta aac cgg gca cta aaa ggt caa cca ctg cgt agt gaa 34035 |
| Leu Tyr Trp Leu Asn Arg Ala Leu Lys Gly Gln Pro Leu Arg Ser Glu |
| 4345 4350 4355 |
| ctc tac ggg cta gat ggc agc gca cag cag aag atc ccc tat aca gtg 34083 |
| Leu Tyr Gly Leu Asp Gly Ser Ala Gln Gln Lys Ile Pro Tyr Thr Val |
| 4360 4365 4370 4375 |
| act gaa tcc cgc cca caa gtg cgc caa tta caa gat aac act acc ctt 34131 |
| Thr Glu Ser Arg Pro Gln Val Arg Gln Leu Gln Asp Asn Thr Thr Leu |
| 4380 4385 4390 |
| tcc ccg gtg ctc tgg gcc tca gtg gtg gaa agt cgt agt tat cac tat 34179 |
| Ser Pro Val Leu Trp Ala Ser Val Val Glu Ser Arg Ser Tyr His Tyr |
| 4395 4400 4405 |
| gaa cgt atc atc agc gat ccc caa tgc aat cag gat atc act ctg tcc 34227 |
| Glu Arg Ile Ile Ser Asp Pro Gln Cys Asn Gln Asp Ile Thr Leu Ser |
| 4410 4415 4420 |
| agt gac cta ttc ggg caa ccg ctg aaa cag gtt tca gtg caa tat ccc 34275 |
| Ser Asp Leu Phe Gly Gln Pro Leu Lys Gln Val Ser Val Gln Tyr Pro |
| 4425 4430 4435 |
| cgc cgc aat aaa cca aca acc aat ccg tat ccc gat aca cta cca gat 34323 |
| Arg Arg Asn Lys Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Tyr Pro Asp Thr Leu Pro Asp |
| 4440 4445 4450 4455 |
| act ctg ttt gcc agc agt tat gac gac caa caa caa cta ttg cgg tta 34371 |
| Thr Leu Phe Ala Ser Ser Tyr Asp Asp Gln Gln Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu |
| 4460 4465 4470 |
| acc tac cag caa tcc agt tgg cat cat cta att gct aat gaa ctc aga 34419 |
| Thr Tyr Gln Gln Ser Ser Trp His His Leu Ile Ala Asn Glu Leu Arg |
| 4475 4480 4485 |
| gtg tta gga tta ccg gat ggt aca cgc agt gat gct ttc act tac gat 34467 |
| Val Leu Gly Leu Pro Asp Gly Thr Arg Ser Asp Ala Phe Thr Tyr Asp |
| 4490 4495 4500 |
| gct aaa cac gtg cct gtt gat ggt tta aat ctg gaa gct cta tgt gct 34515 |
| Ala Lys His Val Pro Val Asp Gly Leu Asn Leu Glu Ala Leu Cys Ala |
| 4505 4510 4515 |
| gaa aat agc ctg att gcc gat gat aaa cct cgc gaa tac ctc aac cag 34563 |
| Glu Asn Ser Leu Ile Ala Asp Asp Lys Pro Arg Glu Tyr Leu Asn Gln |
| 4520 4525 4530 4535 |
| caa cga acg ttc tat acc gat ggg aaa acc gat gga aaa aat cca acg 34611 |
| Gln Arg Thr Phe Tyr Thr Asp Gly Lys Thr Asp Gly Lys Asn Pro Thr |
| 4540 4545 4550 |
| cca ctg aaa aca ccg aca cga cag gct tta atc gcc ttt acc gaa acg 34659 |
| Pro Leu Lys Thr Pro Thr Arg Gln Ala Leu Ile Ala Phe Thr Glu Thr |
| 4555 4560 4565 |
| gcg gta tta acg gaa tct ctg tta tcc gca ttt gat ggc ggt atc acg 34707 |
| Ala Val Leu Thr Glu Ser Leu Leu Ser Ala Phe Asp Gly Gly Ile Thr |
| 4570 4575 4580 |
| cca gat gaa tta ccc ggc ctt ctg aca caa gca gga tac caa caa gaa 34755 |
| Pro Asp Glu Leu Pro Gly Leu Leu Thr Gln Ala Gly Tyr Gln Gln Glu |
| 4585 4590 4595 |
| cct tat ctg ttc cca ctc agt ggc gaa aac caa gtc tgg gta gca cgc 34803 |
| Pro Tyr Leu Phe Pro Leu Ser Gly Glu Asn Gln Val Trp Val Ala Arg |
| 4600 4605 4610 4615 |
| aaa ggc tat acc gat tac gga act gag gta caa ttt tgg cgt cct gtc 34851 |
| Lys Gly Tyr Thr Asp Tyr Gly Thr Glu Val Gln Phe Trp Arg Pro Val |
| 4620 4625 4630 |
| gca caa cgt aac acc cag tta acc ggg aaa acg act cta aaa tgg gat 34899 |
| Ala Gln Arg Asn Thr Gln Leu Thr Gly Lys Thr Thr Leu Lys Trp Asp |
| 4635 4640 4645 |
| acc cac tac tgt gtc atc act caa acc caa gac gcg gct ggt ttg act 34947 |
| Thr His Tyr Cys Val Ile Thr Gln Thr Gln Asp Ala Ala Gly Leu Thr |
| 4650 4655 4660 |
| gtc tca gcc aat tat gac tgg cgt ttt ctc aca cct atg caa ctg act 34995 |
| Val Ser Ala Asn Tyr Asp Trp Arg Phe Leu Thr Pro Met Gln Leu Thr |
| 4665 4670 4675 |
| gat atc aac gat aat gtg cat atc ata acc ttg gat gcg cta gga cgc 35043 |
| Asp Ile Asn Asp Asn Val His Ile Ile Thr Leu Asp Ala Leu Gly Arg |
| 4680 4685 4690 4695 |
| cct gtc act caa cgt ttc tgg gga atc gaa aat ggt gtg gca aca ggt 35091 |
| Pro Val Thr Gln Arg Phe Trp Gly Ile Glu Asn Gly Val Ala Thr Gly |
| 4700 4705 4710 |
| tac tct tca cca gaa gca aaa cca ttc act cca cca gtc gat gtc aat 35139 |
| Tyr Ser Ser Pro Glu Ala Lys Pro Phe Thr Pro Pro Val Asp Val Asn |
| 4715 4720 4725 |
| gct gcc att gct ctg acc gga cca ctc cct gtc gcg cag tgt ctg gtc 35187 |
| Ala Ala Ile Ala Leu Thr Gly Pro Leu Pro Val Ala Gln Cys Leu Val |
| 4730 4735 4740 |
| tat gcg ccg gac agt tgg atg ccg cta ttc ggt cag gaa acc ttc aac 35235 |
| Tyr Ala Pro Asp Ser Trp Met Pro Leu Phe Gly Gln Glu Thr Phe Asn |
| 4745 4750 4755 |
| aca tta acg cag gaa gag caa aag aca ctg cgt gat tta cgg att atc 35283 |
| Thr Leu Thr Gln Glu Glu Gln Lys Thr Leu Arg Asp Leu Arg Ile Ile |
| 4760 4765 4770 4775 |
| aca gaa gat tgg cgt att tgc gca ctg gct cgc cgc cgt tgg cta caa 35331 |
| Thr Glu Asp Trp Arg Ile Cys Ala Leu Ala Arg Arg Arg Trp Leu Gln |
| 4780 4785 4790 |
| agt caa aaa gcc ggc aca cca ttg gtt aag ctg tta acc aac agc atc 35379 |
| Ser Gln Lys Ala Gly Thr Pro Leu Val Lys Leu Leu Thr Asn Ser Ile |
| 4795 4800 4805 |
| ggt tta cct ccc cac aac ctc atg ctg gct acg gac cgt tat gac cgt 35427 |
| Gly Leu Pro Pro His Asn Leu Met Leu Ala Thr Asp Arg Tyr Asp Arg |
| 4810 4815 4820 |
| gat tct gaa cag caa att cgt caa caa gtc gca ttc agt gat ggt ttt 35475 |
| Asp Ser Glu Gln Gln Ile Arg Gln Gln Val Ala Phe Ser Asp Gly Phe |
| 4825 4830 4835 |
| ggc cgt ttg ttg caa gcg gct gtg cgg cat gag gca ggc gaa gcc tgg 35523 |
| Gly Arg Leu Leu Gln Ala Ala Val Arg His Glu Ala Gly Glu Ala Trp |
| 4840 4845 4850 4855 |
| caa cgt aac caa gac ggt tct ctg gtg aca aaa atg gaa gat acc aaa 35571 |
| Gln Arg Asn Gln Asp Gly Ser Leu Val Thr Lys Met Glu Asp Thr Lys |
| 4860 4865 4870 |
| acg cgc tgg gcg att acg gga cgc act gaa tat gac aat aag ggg cag 35619 |
| Thr Arg Trp Ala Ile Thr Gly Arg Thr Glu Tyr Asp Asn Lys Gly Gln |
| 4875 4880 4885 |
| gcg ata cga act tat cag ccc tat ttc ctc aat gac tgg cga tat gtg 35667 |
| Ala Ile Arg Thr Tyr Gln Pro Tyr Phe Leu Asn Asp Trp Arg Tyr Val |
| 4890 4895 4900 |
| agt gat gac agc gcc aga aaa gag gcc tat gcc gat act cat atc tat 35715 |
| Ser Asp Asp Ser Ala Arg Lys Glu Ala Tyr Ala Asp Thr His Ile Tyr |
| 4905 4910 4915 |
| gat ccg att ggg cgg gaa atc caa gtt atc acg gca aaa ggc tgg ctg 35763 |
| Asp Pro Ile Gly Arg Glu Ile Gln Val Ile Thr Ala Lys Gly Trp Leu |
| 4920 4925 4930 4935 |
| cgg cag aac caa tat ttc ccg tgg ttt acc gtg agt gaa gat gaa aat 35811 |
| Arg Gln Asn Gln Tyr Phe Pro Trp Phe Thr Val Ser Glu Asp Glu Asn |
| 4940 4945 4950 |
| gat ttg tcc gct gac gcg ctc gtg taa ttgaatcaag attcgctcgt 35858 |
| Asp Leu Ser Ala Asp Ala Leu Val |
| 4955 4960 |
| ttaatgttaa cgagcgaata taatatacct aatagatttc gagttgcagc gcggcggcaa 35918 |
| gtgaacgaat ccccaggagc atagataact atgtgactgg ggtgagtgaa agcagccaac 35978 |
| aaagcagcag cttgaaagat gaagggtata aataagaaac tgcattgtga gttctaaata 36038 |
| gagtagcagc atattttatt gccttttatt tcataggtaa taaaattcaa ttgctgtaaa 36098 |
| aatctgtcat catgagaact aaaaataaca actttctctt ctgcaagaga aatcaataat 36158 |
| tcaattaaaa atgttataga atctgaatca agaccatttg ttggctcatc aaaaatataa 36218 |
| acatccgcat cggtaataaa agctgatgtc aatagaaatt tcttttttat cccaagtgac 36278 |
| atatgtccat actcaatacc agaataatta gatataccaa aaccatttaa atagtaatct 36338 |
| aattgatatt ttaaattact tttcctataa cgctgactta aattaatcac atccattccc 36398 |
| gtgatgaaat tataaaagtt aacattatcc gatagataaa aaccatgctg ttgcaaatta 36458 |
| aatcggctct tttctccctt ttttataaaa ttaaccattc cttttttaac cttatttaca 36518 |
| ccagcaatac ttgaaagaaa agtcgtttta cccgccccat taactcccgc aatacggttt 36578 |
| aatccaaccc gaaaatcaca attgactcct gaaaaaatag tcttaccatt aataacaacc 36638 |
| tctaacccaa taacttcaag cataaataac ccctaaaaat aacgtaaaaa agaaaataac 36698 |
| accaacaata ataattttcg tgtattgcgt tctcaacaga gaaatagaag aaacaataat 36758 |
| agaaagaaaa gcataagata aaaatataat cacaggaaaa gatttaacaa caagaaagca 36818 |
| aaaaataaaa aaacaaagca aataaaaaaa caaagaaata ccataattaa aaaagaatat 36878 |
| tttccgcaca gataaaaagt tggacaaata tgaaagataa tttatttcaa tatatgatag 36938 |
| attataaaat aacaacatgc atatatataa aacaacactg gcatatatta atgatatata 36998 |
| atcagccttg tttgggattt gagaaaaggc actttcacat aatagatata aaagcagaac 37058 |
| agataatgcc ataataagca cagacatttt atttttatta aaacaataac gaagattcat 37118 |
| tatataaggc aatgaaaaaa aacctgatga aaataatttt ttatttctat taattatata 37178 |
| acatggtgtg aaattcaaat ataatatcaa tgctactaat ggaataacta atgtaaaaat 37238 |
| caaatcatat aatattccac tcctgaatga tgccgccaga agaaagaaca cagcaacaat 37298 |
| aaaaaaatgc aaaaaactta attcaaataa gcaaaatcca attacagcaa aagaaactat 37358 |
| caaaaaaaac acagatgaaa ggtaatgcaa ataattaaca ttttcgtaaa aaaaacctat 37418 |
| aaagaagaaa ataactatcg gaaaagcact ataaataaaa aaaacgatac gactaaaaaa 37478 |
| caacgttttt ttacctacca aagaaacgat gattgaattc tcctttgcag aaggaaaaaa 37538 |
| ccttatgtta atcaaataaa ataccatata taccattaaa gatatggcag taaaataaaa 37598 |
| tgattttatg tagccatctg gaataataat attggaagat aaagttatta aaacctcaaa 37658 |
| gataccactg aactttgccg gaagtaataa aagaaaaagg aatataatga catttttatt 37718 |
| cccagacgca aatttcttta tcctaccttt atattccaag gcatcagcga ttattaaatt 37778 |
| catactgcct ctctaaaacc aaaatctaaa taatgtcctt ggtgaatctt tagggaattt 37838 |
| cgtcctggaa tgcaaatata aatagttact gaaaacaata cattgatttt taattaaata 37898 |
| ctggcgatat gaccttaatg atgctacttt attttccagt attcaattcg 37948 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 12 |
| <211> LENGTH: 954 |
| <212> TYPE: PRT |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 12 |
| Met Lys Asn Ile Asp Pro Lys Leu Tyr Gln Lys Thr Pro Val Val Asn |
| 1 5 10 15 |
| Ile Tyr Asp Asn Arg Gly Leu Thr Ile Arg Asn Ile Asp Phe His Arg |
| 20 25 30 |
| Thr Thr Ala Asn Gly Asp Thr Asp Ile Arg Ile Thr Arg His Gln Tyr |
| 35 40 45 |
| Asp Ser Leu Gly His Leu Ser Gln Ser Thr Asp Pro Arg Leu Tyr Glu |
| 50 55 60 |
| Ala Lys Gln Lys Ser Asn Phe Leu Trp Gln Tyr Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn |
| 65 70 75 80 |
| Ile Leu Cys Thr Glu Ser Val Asp Ala Gly Arg Thr Val Thr Leu Asn |
| 85 90 95 |
| Asp Ile Glu Gly Arg Pro Leu Leu Thr Val Thr Ala Thr Gly Val Ile |
| 100 105 110 |
| Gln Thr Arg Gln Tyr Glu Thr Ser Ser Leu Pro Gly Arg Leu Leu Ser |
| 115 120 125 |
| Val Thr Glu Gln Ile Pro Glu Lys Thr Ser Arg Ile Thr Glu Arg Leu |
| 130 135 140 |
| Ile Trp Ala Gly Asn Ser Glu Ala Glu Lys Asn His Asn Leu Ala Ser |
| 145 150 155 160 |
| Gln Cys Val Arg His Tyr Asp Thr Ala Gly Val Thr Arg Leu Glu Ser |
| 165 170 175 |
| Leu Ser Leu Thr Gly Thr Val Leu Ser Gln Ser Ser Gln Leu Leu Ser |
| 180 185 190 |
| Asp Thr Gln Glu Ala Ser Trp Thr Gly Asp Asn Glu Thr Val Trp Gln |
| 195 200 205 |
| Asn Met Leu Ala Asp Asp Ile Tyr Thr Thr Leu Ser Ala Phe Asp Ala |
| 210 215 220 |
| Thr Gly Ala Leu Leu Thr Gln Thr Asp Ala Lys Gly Asn Ile Gln Arg |
| 225 230 235 240 |
| Leu Thr Tyr Asp Val Ala Gly Gln Leu Asn Gly Ser Trp Leu Thr Leu |
| 245 250 255 |
| Lys Asp Gln Pro Glu Gln Val Ile Ile Arg Ser Leu Thr Tyr Ser Ala |
| 260 265 270 |
| Ala Gly Gln Lys Leu Arg Glu Glu His Gly Asn Gly Val Ile Thr Glu |
| 275 280 285 |
| Tyr Ser Tyr Glu Pro Glu Thr Gln Gln Leu Ile Gly Thr Lys Thr His |
| 290 295 300 |
| Arg Pro Ser Asp Ala Lys Val Leu Gln Asp Leu Arg Tyr Glu Tyr Asp |
| 305 310 315 320 |
| Pro Val Gly Asn Val Ile Ser Ile Arg Asn Asp Ala Glu Ala Thr Arg |
| 325 330 335 |
| Phe Trp His Asn Gln Lys Val Ala Pro Glu Asn Thr Tyr Thr Tyr Asp |
| 340 345 350 |
| Ser Leu Tyr Gln Leu Ile Ser Ala Thr Gly Arg Glu Met Ala Asn Ile |
| 355 360 365 |
| Gly Gln Gln Ser Asn Gln Leu Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Pro Ser Asp Asn |
| 370 375 380 |
| Asn Thr Tyr Thr Asn Tyr Thr Arg Thr Tyr Thr Tyr Asp Arg Gly Gly |
| 385 390 395 400 |
| Asn Leu Thr Lys Ile Gln His Ser Ser Pro Ala Thr Gln Asn Asn Tyr |
| 405 410 415 |
| Thr Thr Asn Ile Thr Val Ser Asn Arg Ser Asn Arg Ala Val Leu Ser |
| 420 425 430 |
| Thr Leu Thr Glu Asp Pro Ala Gln Val Asp Ala Leu Phe Asp Ala Gly |
| 435 440 445 |
| Gly His Gln Asn Thr Leu Ile Ser Gly Gln Asn Leu Asn Trp Asn Thr |
| 450 455 460 |
| Arg Gly Glu Leu Gln His Val Thr Leu Val Lys Arg Asp Lys Gly Ala |
| 465 470 475 480 |
| Asn Asp Asp Arg Glu Trp Tyr Arg Tyr Ser Ser Asp Gly Arg Arg Ile |
| 485 490 495 |
| Leu Lys Ile Asn Glu Gln Gln Thr Ser Ser Asn Ser Gln Thr Gln Arg |
| 500 505 510 |
| Ile Thr Tyr Leu Pro Ser Leu Glu Leu Arg Leu Thr Gln Asn Ser Thr |
| 515 520 525 |
| Ile Thr Thr Glu Asp Leu Gln Val Ile Thr Val Gly Glu Ala Gly Arg |
| 530 535 540 |
| Ala Gln Val Arg Val Leu His Trp Asp Ser Gly Gln Pro Glu Asp Ile |
| 545 550 555 560 |
| Asp Asn Asn Gln Leu Arg Tyr Ser Tyr Asp Asn Leu Ile Gly Ser Ser |
| 565 570 575 |
| Gln Leu Glu Leu Asp Ser Lys Gly Glu Ile Ile Ser Glu Glu Glu Tyr |
| 580 585 590 |
| Tyr Pro Tyr Gly Gly Thr Ala Leu Trp Ala Thr Arg Lys Arg Thr Glu |
| 595 600 605 |
| Ala Ser Tyr Lys Thr Ile Arg Tyr Ser Gly Lys Glu Arg Asp Ala Thr |
| 610 615 620 |
| Gly Leu Tyr Tyr Tyr Gly Tyr Arg Tyr Tyr Gln Pro Trp Val Gly Arg |
| 625 630 635 640 |
| Trp Leu Ser Ala Asp Pro Ala Gly Thr Val Asp Gly Leu Asn Leu Tyr |
| 645 650 655 |
| Arg Met Val Arg Asn Asn Pro Val Thr Leu Leu Asp Pro Asp Gly Leu |
| 660 665 670 |
| Met Pro Thr Ile Ala Glu Arg Ile Ala Ala Leu Gln Lys Asn Lys Val |
| 675 680 685 |
| Ala Asp Ser Ala Pro Ser Pro Thr Asn Ala Thr Asn Val Ala Ile Asn |
| 690 695 700 |
| Ile Arg Pro Pro Val Ala Pro Lys Pro Thr Leu Pro Lys Ala Ser Thr |
| 705 710 715 720 |
| Ser Ser Gln Ser Thr Thr Tyr Pro Ile Lys Ser Ala Ser Ile Lys Pro |
| 725 730 735 |
| Thr Thr Ser Gly Ser Ser Ile Thr Ala Pro Leu Ser Pro Val Gly Asn |
| 740 745 750 |
| Lys Ser Thr Pro Glu Ile Ser Leu Pro Glu Ser Thr Gln Ser Asn Ser |
| 755 760 765 |
| Ser Ser Ala Ile Ser Thr Asn Leu Gln Lys Lys Ser Phe Thr Leu Tyr |
| 770 775 780 |
| Arg Ala Asp Asn Arg Ser Phe Glu Asp Met Gln Ser Lys Phe Pro Glu |
| 785 790 795 800 |
| Gly Phe Lys Ala Trp Thr Pro Leu Asp Thr Lys Met Ala Arg Gln Phe |
| 805 810 815 |
| Ala Ser Val Phe Ile Gly Gln Lys Asp Thr Ser Asn Leu Pro Lys Glu |
| 820 825 830 |
| Thr Val Lys Asn Ile Asn Thr Trp Gly Thr Lys Pro Lys Leu Asn Asp |
| 835 840 845 |
| Leu Ser Thr Tyr Ile Lys Tyr Thr Lys Asp Lys Ser Thr Val Trp Val |
| 850 855 860 |
| Ser Thr Ala Ile Asn Thr Glu Ala Gly Gly Gln Ser Ser Gly Ala Pro |
| 865 870 875 880 |
| Leu His Glu Ile Asn Met Asp Leu Tyr Glu Phe Thr Ile Asp Gly Gln |
| 885 890 895 |
| Lys Leu Asn Pro Leu Pro Arg Gly Arg Ser Lys Asp Arg Val Pro Ser |
| 900 905 910 |
| Leu Leu Leu Asp Thr Pro Glu Ile Glu Thr Ala Ser Ile Ile Ala Leu |
| 915 920 925 |
| Asn His Gly Pro Val Asn Asp Ala Glu Val Ser Phe Leu Thr Thr Ile |
| 930 935 940 |
| Pro Leu Lys Asn Val Lys Pro Tyr Lys Arg |
| 945 950 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 13 |
| <211> LENGTH: 2522 |
| <212> TYPE: PRT |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 13 |
| Met Ile Leu Lys Gly Ile Asn Met Asn Ser Pro Val Lys Glu Ile Pro |
| 1 5 10 15 |
| Asp Val Leu Lys Ile Gln Cys Gly Phe Gln Cys Leu Thr Asp Ile Ser |
| 20 25 30 |
| His Ser Ser Phe Asn Glu Phe His Gln Gln Val Ser Glu His Leu Ser |
| 35 40 45 |
| Trp Ser Glu Ala His Asp Leu Tyr His Asp Ala Gln Gln Ala Gln Lys |
| 50 55 60 |
| Asp Asn Arg Leu Tyr Glu Ala Arg Ile Leu Lys Arg Thr Asn Pro Gln |
| 65 70 75 80 |
| Leu Gln Asn Ala Val His Leu Ala Ile Val Ala Pro Asn Ala Glu Leu |
| 85 90 95 |
| Ile Gly Tyr Asn Asn Gln Phe Ser Gly Arg Ala Ser Gln Tyr Val Ala |
| 100 105 110 |
| Pro Gly Thr Val Ser Ser Met Phe Ser Pro Ala Ala Tyr Leu Thr Glu |
| 115 120 125 |
| Leu Tyr Arg Glu Ala Arg Asn Leu His Ala Ser Asp Ser Val Tyr Arg |
| 130 135 140 |
| Leu Asp Thr Arg Arg Pro Asp Leu Lys Ser Met Ala Leu Ser Gln Gln |
| 145 150 155 160 |
| Asn Met Asp Thr Glu Leu Ser Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Asn Glu Leu Leu |
| 165 170 175 |
| Leu Glu Ser Ile Lys Thr Glu Ser Lys Leu Asp Asn Tyr Thr Gln Val |
| 180 185 190 |
| Met Glu Met Leu Ser Ala Phe Arg Pro Ser Gly Ala Thr Pro Tyr His |
| 195 200 205 |
| Asp Ala Tyr Glu Asn Val Arg Lys Val Ile Gln Leu Gln Asp Pro Gly |
| 210 215 220 |
| Leu Glu Gln Leu Asn Ala Ser Pro Ala Ile Ala Gly Leu Met His Gln |
| 225 230 235 240 |
| Ala Ser Leu Leu Gly Ile Asn Ala Ser Ile Ser Pro Glu Leu Phe Asn |
| 245 250 255 |
| Ile Leu Thr Glu Glu Ile Thr Glu Gly Asn Ala Glu Glu Leu Tyr Lys |
| 260 265 270 |
| Lys Asn Phe Gly Asn Ile Glu Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Met Pro Glu Tyr |
| 275 280 285 |
| Leu Arg Arg Tyr Tyr Asn Leu Ser Asp Glu Glu Leu Ser Gln Phe Ile |
| 290 295 300 |
| Gly Lys Ala Ser Asn Phe Gly Gln Gln Glu Tyr Ser Asn Asn Gln Leu |
| 305 310 315 320 |
| Ile Thr Pro Ile Val Asn Ser Asn Asp Gly Thr Val Lys Val Tyr Arg |
| 325 330 335 |
| Ile Thr Arg Glu Tyr Thr Thr Asn Ala Asn Gln Val Asp Val Glu Leu |
| 340 345 350 |
| Phe Pro Tyr Gly Gly Glu Asn Tyr Gln Leu Asn Tyr Lys Phe Lys Asp |
| 355 360 365 |
| Ser Arg Gln Asp Val Ser Tyr Leu Ser Ile Lys Leu Asn Asp Lys Arg |
| 370 375 380 |
| Glu Leu Ile Arg Ile Glu Gly Ala Pro Gln Val Asn Ile Glu Tyr Ser |
| 385 390 395 400 |
| Glu His Ile Thr Leu Ser Thr Thr Asp Ile Ser Gln Pro Phe Glu Ile |
| 405 410 415 |
| Gly Leu Thr Arg Val Tyr Pro Ser Ser Ser Trp Ala Tyr Ala Ala Ala |
| 420 425 430 |
| Lys Phe Thr Ile Glu Glu Tyr Asn Gln Tyr Ser Phe Leu Leu Lys Leu |
| 435 440 445 |
| Asn Lys Ala Ile Arg Leu Ser Arg Ala Thr Glu Leu Ser Pro Thr Ile |
| 450 455 460 |
| Leu Glu Ser Ile Val Arg Ser Val Asn Gln Gln Leu Asp Ile Asn Ala |
| 465 470 475 480 |
| Glu Val Leu Gly Lys Val Phe Leu Thr Lys Tyr Tyr Met Gln Arg Tyr |
| 485 490 495 |
| Ala Ile Asn Ala Glu Thr Ala Leu Ile Leu Cys Asn Ala Leu Ile Ser |
| 500 505 510 |
| Gln Arg Ser Tyr Asp Asn Gln Pro Ser Gln Phe Asp Arg Leu Phe Asn |
| 515 520 525 |
| Thr Pro Leu Leu Asn Gly Gln Tyr Phe Ser Thr Gly Asp Glu Glu Ile |
| 530 535 540 |
| Asp Leu Asn Pro Gly Ser Thr Gly Asp Trp Arg Lys Ser Val Leu Lys |
| 545 550 555 560 |
| Arg Ala Phe Asn Ile Asp Asp Ile Ser Leu Tyr Arg Leu Leu Lys Ile |
| 565 570 575 |
| Thr Asn His Asn Asn Gln Asp Gly Lys Ile Lys Asn Asn Leu Asn Asn |
| 580 585 590 |
| Leu Ser Asp Leu Tyr Ile Gly Lys Leu Leu Ala Glu Ile His Gln Leu |
| 595 600 605 |
| Thr Ile Asp Glu Leu Asp Leu Leu Leu Val Ala Val Gly Glu Gly Glu |
| 610 615 620 |
| Thr Asn Leu Ser Ala Ile Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Ala Ala Leu Ile Arg |
| 625 630 635 640 |
| Lys Leu Asn Thr Ile Thr Val Trp Leu Gln Thr Gln Lys Trp Ser Ala |
| 645 650 655 |
| Phe Gln Leu Phe Val Met Thr Ser Thr Ser Tyr Asn Lys Thr Leu Thr |
| 660 665 670 |
| Pro Glu Ile Lys Asn Leu Leu Asp Thr Val Tyr His Gly Leu Gln Gly |
| 675 680 685 |
| Phe Asp Lys Asp Lys Ala Asn Leu Leu His Val Met Ala Pro Tyr Ile |
| 690 695 700 |
| Ala Ala Thr Leu Gln Leu Ser Ser Glu Asn Val Ala His Ser Val Leu |
| 705 710 715 720 |
| Leu Trp Ala Asp Lys Leu Lys Pro Gly Asp Gly Ala Met Thr Ala Glu |
| 725 730 735 |
| Lys Phe Trp Asp Trp Leu Asn Thr Gln Tyr Thr Pro Asp Ser Ser Glu |
| 740 745 750 |
| Val Leu Ala Thr Gln Glu His Ile Val Gln Tyr Cys Gln Ala Leu Ala |
| 755 760 765 |
| Gln Leu Glu Met Val Tyr His Ser Thr Gly Ile Asn Glu Asn Ala Phe |
| 770 775 780 |
| Arg Leu Phe Val Thr Lys Pro Glu Met Phe Gly Ser Ser Thr Glu Ala |
| 785 790 795 800 |
| Val Pro Ala His Asp Ala Leu Ser Leu Ile Met Leu Thr Arg Phe Ala |
| 805 810 815 |
| Asp Trp Val Asn Ala Leu Gly Glu Lys Ala Ser Ser Val Leu Ala Ala |
| 820 825 830 |
| Phe Glu Ala Asn Ser Leu Thr Ala Glu Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala Met Asn |
| 835 840 845 |
| Leu Asp Ala Asn Leu Leu Leu Gln Ala Ser Thr Gln Ala Gln Asn His |
| 850 855 860 |
| Gln His Leu Pro Pro Val Thr Gln Lys Asn Ala Phe Ser Cys Trp Thr |
| 865 870 875 880 |
| Ser Ile Asp Thr Ile Leu Gln Trp Val Asn Val Ala Gln Gln Leu Asn |
| 885 890 895 |
| Val Ala Pro Gln Gly Val Ser Ala Leu Val Gly Leu Asp Tyr Ile Gln |
| 900 905 910 |
| Leu Asn Gln Lys Ile Pro Thr Tyr Ala Gln Trp Glu Ser Ala Gly Glu |
| 915 920 925 |
| Ile Leu Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gln Gln Ala Asp Ile Leu His Ala |
| 930 935 940 |
| Phe Leu Asp Glu Ser Arg Ser Ala Ala Leu Ser Thr Tyr Tyr Ile Arg |
| 945 950 955 960 |
| Gln Val Ala Lys Pro Ala Ala Ala Ile Lys Ser Arg Asp Asp Leu Tyr |
| 965 970 975 |
| Gln Tyr Leu Leu Ile Asp Asn Gln Val Ser Ala Ala Ile Lys Thr Thr |
| 980 985 990 |
| Arg Ile Ala Glu Ala Ile Ala Ser Ile Gln Leu Tyr Val Asn Arg Thr |
| 995 1000 1005 |
| Leu Glu Asn Val Glu Glu Asn Ala His Ser Gly Val Ile Ser Arg Gln |
| 1010 1015 1020 |
| Phe Phe Ile Asp Trp Asp Lys Tyr Asn Lys Arg Tyr Ser Thr Trp Ala |
| 1025 1030 1035 1040 |
| Gly Val Ser Gln Leu Val Tyr Tyr Pro Glu Asn Tyr Ile Asp Pro Thr |
| 1045 1050 1055 |
| Met Arg Ile Gly Gln Thr Lys Met Met Asp Ala Leu Leu Gln Ser Val |
| 1060 1065 1070 |
| Ser Gln Ser Gln Leu Asn Ala Asp Thr Val Glu Asp Ala Phe Met Ser |
| 1075 1080 1085 |
| Tyr Leu Thr Ser Phe Glu Gln Val Ala Asn Leu Lys Val Ile Ser Ala |
| 1090 1095 1100 |
| Tyr His Asp Asn Ile Asn Asn Asp Gln Gly Leu Thr Tyr Phe Ile Gly |
| 1105 1110 1115 1120 |
| Leu Ser Glu Thr Asp Thr Gly Glu Tyr Tyr Trp Arg Ser Val Asp His |
| 1125 1130 1135 |
| Ser Lys Phe Ser Asp Gly Lys Phe Ala Ala Asn Ala Trp Ser Glu Trp |
| 1140 1145 1150 |
| His Lys Ile Asp Cys Pro Ile Asn Pro Tyr Arg Ser Thr Ile Arg Pro |
| 1155 1160 1165 |
| Val Met Tyr Lys Ser Arg Leu Tyr Leu Leu Trp Leu Glu Gln Lys Glu |
| 1170 1175 1180 |
| Ile Thr Lys Gln Thr Gly Asn Ser Lys Asp Gly Tyr Gln Thr Glu Thr |
| 1185 1190 1195 1200 |
| Asp Tyr Arg Tyr Glu Leu Lys Leu Ala His Ile Arg Tyr Asp Gly Thr |
| 1205 1210 1215 |
| Trp Asn Thr Pro Ile Thr Phe Asp Val Asn Glu Lys Ile Ser Lys Leu |
| 1220 1225 1230 |
| Glu Leu Ala Lys Asn Lys Ala Pro Gly Leu Tyr Cys Ala Gly Tyr Gln |
| 1235 1240 1245 |
| Gly Glu Asp Thr Leu Leu Val Met Phe Tyr Asn Gln Gln Asp Thr Leu |
| 1250 1255 1260 |
| Asp Ser Tyr Lys Thr Ala Ser Met Gln Gly Leu Tyr Ile Phe Ala Asp |
| 1265 1270 1275 1280 |
| Met Glu Tyr Lys Asp Met Thr Asp Gly Gln Tyr Lys Ser Tyr Arg Asp |
| 1285 1290 1295 |
| Asn Ser Tyr Lys Gln Phe Asp Thr Asn Ser Val Arg Arg Val Asn Asn |
| 1300 1305 1310 |
| Arg Tyr Ala Glu Asp Tyr Glu Ile Pro Ser Ser Val Asn Ser Arg Lys |
| 1315 1320 1325 |
| Gly Tyr Asp Trp Gly Asp Tyr Tyr Leu Ser Met Val Tyr Asn Gly Asp |
| 1330 1335 1340 |
| Ile Pro Thr Ile Ser Tyr Lys Ala Thr Ser Ser Asp Leu Lys Ile Tyr |
| 1345 1350 1355 1360 |
| Ile Ser Pro Lys Leu Arg Ile Ile His Asn Gly Tyr Glu Gly Gln Gln |
| 1365 1370 1375 |
| Arg Asn Gln Cys Asn Leu Met Asn Lys Tyr Gly Lys Leu Gly Asp Lys |
| 1380 1385 1390 |
| Phe Ile Val Tyr Thr Ser Leu Gly Val Asn Pro Asn Asn Ser Ser Asn |
| 1395 1400 1405 |
| Lys Leu Met Phe Tyr Pro Val Tyr Gln Tyr Asn Gly Asn Val Ser Gly |
| 1410 1415 1420 |
| Leu Ser Gln Gly Arg Leu Leu Phe His Arg Asp Thr Asn Tyr Ser Ser |
| 1425 1430 1435 1440 |
| Lys Val Glu Ala Trp Ile Pro Gly Ala Gly Arg Ser Leu Thr Asn Pro |
| 1445 1450 1455 |
| Asn Ala Ala Ile Gly Asp Asp Tyr Ala Thr Asp Ser Leu Asn Lys Pro |
| 1460 1465 1470 |
| Asn Asp Leu Lys Gln Tyr Val Tyr Met Thr Asp Ser Lys Gly Thr Ala |
| 1475 1480 1485 |
| Thr Asp Val Ser Gly Pro Val Asp Ile Asn Thr Ala Ile Ser Pro Ala |
| 1490 1495 1500 |
| Lys Val Gln Val Thr Val Lys Ala Gly Ser Lys Glu Gln Thr Phe Thr |
| 1505 1510 1515 1520 |
| Ala Asp Lys Asn Val Ser Ile Gln Pro Ser Pro Ser Phe Asp Glu Met |
| 1525 1530 1535 |
| Asn Tyr Gln Phe Asn Ala Leu Glu Ile Asp Gly Ser Ser Leu Asn Phe |
| 1540 1545 1550 |
| Thr Asn Asn Ser Ala Ser Ile Asp Ile Thr Phe Thr Ala Phe Ala Glu |
| 1555 1560 1565 |
| Asp Gly Arg Lys Leu Gly Tyr Glu Ser Phe Ser Ile Pro Ile Thr Arg |
| 1570 1575 1580 |
| Lys Val Ser Thr Asp Asn Ser Leu Thr Leu Arg His Asn Glu Asn Gly |
| 1585 1590 1595 1600 |
| Ala Gln Tyr Met Gln Trp Gly Val Tyr Arg Ile Arg Leu Asn Thr Leu |
| 1605 1610 1615 |
| Phe Ala Arg Gln Leu Val Ala Arg Ala Thr Thr Gly Ile Asp Thr Ile |
| 1620 1625 1630 |
| Leu Ser Met Glu Thr Gln Asn Ile Gln Glu Pro Gln Leu Gly Lys Gly |
| 1635 1640 1645 |
| Phe Tyr Ala Thr Phe Val Ile Pro Pro Tyr Asn Pro Ser Thr His Gly |
| 1650 1655 1660 |
| Asp Glu Arg Trp Phe Lys Leu Tyr Ile Lys His Val Val Asp Asn Asn |
| 1665 1670 1675 1680 |
| Ser His Ile Ile Tyr Ser Gly Gln Leu Lys Asp Thr Asn Ile Ser Thr |
| 1685 1690 1695 |
| Thr Leu Phe Ile Pro Leu Asp Asp Val Pro Leu Asn Gln Asp Tyr Ser |
| 1700 1705 1710 |
| Ala Lys Val Tyr Met Thr Phe Lys Lys Ser Pro Ser Asp Gly Thr Trp |
| 1715 1720 1725 |
| Trp Gly Pro His Phe Val Arg Asp Asp Lys Gly Ile Val Thr Ile Asn |
| 1730 1735 1740 |
| Pro Lys Ser Ile Leu Thr His Phe Glu Ser Val Asn Val Leu Asn Asn |
| 1745 1750 1755 1760 |
| Ile Ser Ser Glu Pro Met Asp Phe Ser Gly Ala Asn Ser Leu Tyr Phe |
| 1765 1770 1775 |
| Trp Glu Leu Phe Tyr Tyr Thr Pro Met Leu Val Ala Gln Arg Leu Leu |
| 1780 1785 1790 |
| His Glu Gln Asn Phe Asp Glu Ala Asn Arg Trp Leu Lys Tyr Val Trp |
| 1795 1800 1805 |
| Ser Pro Ser Gly Tyr Ile Val His Gly Gln Ile Gln Asn Tyr Gln Trp |
| 1810 1815 1820 |
| Asn Val Arg Pro Leu Leu Glu Asp Thr Ser Trp Asn Ser Asp Pro Leu |
| 1825 1830 1835 1840 |
| Asp Ser Val Asp Pro Asp Ala Val Ala Gln His Asp Pro Met His Tyr |
| 1845 1850 1855 |
| Lys Val Ser Thr Phe Met Arg Thr Leu Asp Leu Leu Ile Ala Arg Gly |
| 1860 1865 1870 |
| Asp His Ala Tyr Arg Gln Leu Glu Arg Asp Thr Leu Asn Glu Ala Lys |
| 1875 1880 1885 |
| Met Trp Tyr Met Gln Ala Leu His Leu Leu Gly Asp Lys Pro Tyr Leu |
| 1890 1895 1900 |
| Pro Leu Ser Thr Thr Trp Asn Asp Pro Arg Leu Asp Lys Ala Ala Asp |
| 1905 1910 1915 1920 |
| Ile Thr Thr Gln Ser Ala His Ser Ser Ser Ile Val Ala Leu Arg Gln |
| 1925 1930 1935 |
| Ser Thr Pro Ala Leu Leu Ser Leu Arg Ser Ala Asn Thr Leu Thr Asp |
| 1940 1945 1950 |
| Leu Phe Leu Pro Gln Ile Asn Glu Val Met Met Asn Tyr Trp Gln Thr |
| 1955 1960 1965 |
| Leu Ala Gln Arg Val Tyr Asn Leu Arg His Asn Leu Ser Ile Asp Gly |
| 1970 1975 1980 |
| Gln Pro Leu Tyr Leu Pro Ile Tyr Ala Thr Pro Ala Asp Pro Lys Ala |
| 1985 1990 1995 2000 |
| Leu Leu Ser Ala Ala Val Ala Thr Ser Gln Gly Gly Gly Lys Leu Pro |
| 2005 2010 2015 |
| Glu Ser Phe Met Ser Leu Trp Arg Phe Pro His Met Leu Glu Asn Ala |
| 2020 2025 2030 |
| Arg Ser Met Val Ser Gln Leu Thr Gln Phe Gly Ser Thr Leu Gln Asn |
| 2035 2040 2045 |
| Ile Ile Glu Arg Gln Asp Ala Glu Ala Leu Asn Ala Leu Leu Gln Asn |
| 2050 2055 2060 |
| Gln Ala Ala Glu Leu Ile Leu Thr Asn Leu Ser Ile Gln Asp Lys Thr |
| 2065 2070 2075 2080 |
| Ile Glu Glu Leu Asp Ala Glu Lys Thr Val Leu Glu Lys Ser Lys Ala |
| 2085 2090 2095 |
| Gly Ala Gln Ser Arg Phe Asp Ser Tyr Ser Lys Leu His Asp Glu Asn |
| 2100 2105 2110 |
| Ile Asn Ala Gly Glu Asn Gln Ala Met Thr Leu Arg Ala Ser Ala Ala |
| 2115 2120 2125 |
| Gly Leu Thr Thr Ala Val Gln Ala Ser Arg Leu Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala |
| 2130 2135 2140 |
| Asp Leu Val Pro Asn Ile Phe Gly Phe Ala Gly Gly Gly Ser Arg Trp |
| 2145 2150 2155 2160 |
| Gly Ala Ile Ala Glu Ala Thr Gly Tyr Val Met Glu Phe Ser Ala Asn |
| 2165 2170 2175 |
| Val Met Asn Thr Glu Ala Asp Lys Ile Ser Gln Ser Glu Thr Tyr Arg |
| 2180 2185 2190 |
| Arg Arg Arg Gln Glu Trp Glu Ile Gln Arg Asn Asn Ala Glu Ala Glu |
| 2195 2200 2205 |
| Leu Lys Gln Leu Asp Ala Gln Leu Lys Ser Leu Ala Val Arg Arg Glu |
| 2210 2215 2220 |
| Ala Ala Val Leu Gln Lys Thr Ser Leu Lys Thr Gln Gln Glu Gln Thr |
| 2225 2230 2235 2240 |
| Gln Ala Gln Leu Ala Phe Leu Gln Arg Lys Phe Ser Asn Gln Ala Leu |
| 2245 2250 2255 |
| Tyr Asn Trp Leu Arg Gly Arg Leu Ala Ala Ile Tyr Phe Gln Phe Tyr |
| 2260 2265 2270 |
| Asp Leu Ala Ile Ala Arg Cys Leu Met Ala Glu Gln Ala Tyr Arg Trp |
| 2275 2280 2285 |
| Glu Ile Ser Asp Asp Ser Ala Arg Phe Ile Lys Pro Gly Ala Trp Gln |
| 2290 2295 2300 |
| Gly Thr Tyr Ala Gly Leu Leu Ala Gly Glu Thr Leu Met Leu Ser Leu |
| 2305 2310 2315 2320 |
| Ala Gln Met Glu Asp Ala His Leu Arg Arg Asp Lys Arg Ala Leu Glu |
| 2325 2330 2335 |
| Val Glu Arg Thr Val Ser Leu Ala Glu Ile Tyr Ala Gly Leu Pro Gln |
| 2340 2345 2350 |
| Asp Lys Gly Pro Phe Ser Leu Thr Gln Glu Ile Glu Lys Leu Val Asn |
| 2355 2360 2365 |
| Ala Gly Ser Gly Ser Ala Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Asn Leu Ala Phe Gly |
| 2370 2375 2380 |
| Ala Gly Thr Asp Thr Lys Thr Ser Leu Gln Ala Ser Ile Ser Leu Ala |
| 2385 2390 2395 2400 |
| Asp Leu Lys Ile Arg Glu Asp Tyr Pro Glu Ser Ile Gly Lys Ile Arg |
| 2405 2410 2415 |
| Arg Ile Lys Gln Ile Ser Val Thr Leu Pro Ala Leu Leu Gly Pro Tyr |
| 2420 2425 2430 |
| Gln Asp Val Gln Ala Ile Leu Ser Tyr Gly Asp Lys Ala Gly Leu Ala |
| 2435 2440 2445 |
| Asn Gly Cys Ala Ala Leu Ala Val Ser His Gly Thr Asn Asp Ser Gly |
| 2450 2455 2460 |
| Gln Phe Gln Leu Asp Phe Asn Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Pro Phe Glu Gly |
| 2465 2470 2475 2480 |
| Ile Ala Ile Asp Gln Gly Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Phe Pro Asn Ala Ser |
| 2485 2490 2495 |
| Thr Pro Ala Lys Gly Lys Gln Ala Thr Met Leu Lys Thr Leu Asn Asp |
| 2500 2505 2510 |
| Ile Ile Leu His Ile Arg Tyr Thr Ile Lys |
| 2515 2520 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 14 |
| <211> LENGTH: 1481 |
| <212> TYPE: PRT |
| <213> ORGANISM: Photorhabdus luminescens |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 14 |
| Met Gln Asn Ser Gln Thr Phe Ser Met Thr Glu Leu Ser Leu Pro Lys |
| 1 5 10 15 |
| Gly Gly Gly Ala Ile Thr Gly Met Gly Glu Ala Leu Thr Pro Ala Gly |
| 20 25 30 |
| Pro Asp Gly Met Ala Ala Leu Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ile Ser Ala Gly |
| 35 40 45 |
| Arg Gly Tyr Ala Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Asn Tyr Asn Ser Gly Thr Gly |
| 50 55 60 |
| Asn Ser Pro Phe Gly Leu Gly Trp Asp Cys Asn Val Met Thr Ile Arg |
| 65 70 75 80 |
| Arg Arg Thr Ser Thr Gly Val Pro Asn Tyr Asp Glu Thr Asp Thr Phe |
| 85 90 95 |
| Leu Gly Pro Glu Gly Glu Val Leu Val Val Ala Leu Asn Glu Ala Gly |
| 100 105 110 |
| Gln Ala Asp Ile Arg Ser Glu Ser Ser Leu Gln Gly Ile Asn Leu Gly |
| 115 120 125 |
| Met Thr Phe Thr Val Thr Gly Tyr Arg Ser Arg Leu Glu Ser His Phe |
| 130 135 140 |
| Ser Arg Leu Glu Tyr Trp Gln Pro Gln Thr Thr Gly Ala Thr Asp Phe |
| 145 150 155 160 |
| Trp Leu Ile Tyr Ser Pro Asp Gly Gln Ala His Leu Leu Gly Lys Asn |
| 165 170 175 |
| Pro Gln Ala Arg Ile Ser Asn Pro Leu Asn Val Asn Gln Thr Ala Gln |
| 180 185 190 |
| Trp Leu Leu Glu Ala Ser Val Ser Ser His Gly Glu Gln Ile Tyr Tyr |
| 195 200 205 |
| Gln Tyr Arg Ala Glu Asp Glu Thr Asp Cys Glu Thr Asp Glu Leu Thr |
| 210 215 220 |
| Ala His Pro Asn Thr Thr Val Gln Arg Tyr Leu Gln Val Val His Tyr |
| 225 230 235 240 |
| Gly Asn Leu Thr Ala Ser Glu Val Phe Pro Thr Leu Asn Gly Asp Asp |
| 245 250 255 |
| Pro Leu Lys Ser Gly Trp Leu Phe Cys Leu Val Phe Asp Tyr Gly Glu |
| 260 265 270 |
| Arg Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser Glu Met Pro Pro Phe Lys Ala Thr Ser Asn |
| 275 280 285 |
| Trp Leu Cys Arg Lys Asp Arg Phe Ser Arg Tyr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Ala |
| 290 295 300 |
| Leu Arg Thr Arg Arg Leu Cys Arg Gln Ile Leu Met Phe His Arg Leu |
| 305 310 315 320 |
| Gln Thr Leu Ser Gly Gln Ala Lys Gly Asp Asp Glu Pro Ala Leu Val |
| 325 330 335 |
| Ser Arg Leu Ile Leu Asp Tyr Asp Glu Asn Ala Val Val Ser Thr Leu |
| 340 345 350 |
| Val Ser Val Arg Arg Val Gly His Glu Gln Asp Gly Thr Thr Ala Val |
| 355 360 365 |
| Ala Leu Pro Pro Leu Glu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Pro Phe Glu Pro Glu Gln |
| 370 375 380 |
| Lys Ala Leu Trp Arg Pro Met Asp Val Leu Ala Asn Phe Asn Thr Ile |
| 385 390 395 400 |
| Gln Arg Trp Gln Leu Leu Asp Leu Gln Gly Glu Gly Val Pro Gly Ile |
| 405 410 415 |
| Leu Tyr Gln Asp Lys Asn Gly Trp Trp Tyr Arg Ser Ala Gln Arg Gln |
| 420 425 430 |
| Thr Gly Glu Glu Met Asn Ala Val Thr Trp Gly Lys Met Gln Leu Leu |
| 435 440 445 |
| Pro Ile Thr Pro Ala Ile Gln Asp Asn Ala Ser Leu Met Asp Ile Asn |
| 450 455 460 |
| Gly Asp Gly Gln Leu Asp Trp Val Ile Thr Gly Pro Gly Leu Arg Gly |
| 465 470 475 480 |
| Tyr His Ser Gln His Pro Asp Gly Ser Trp Thr Arg Phe Thr Pro Leu |
| 485 490 495 |
| His Ala Leu Pro Ile Glu Tyr Thr His Pro Arg Ala Gln Leu Ala Asp |
| 500 505 510 |
| Leu Met Gly Ala Gly Leu Ser Asp Leu Val Leu Ile Gly Pro Lys Ser |
| 515 520 525 |
| Val Arg Leu Tyr Ala Asn Asn Arg Asp Gly Phe Thr Glu Gly Arg Asp |
| 530 535 540 |
| Val Val Gln Ser Gly Gly Ile Thr Leu Pro Leu Pro Gly Ala Asp Ala |
| 545 550 555 560 |
| Arg Lys Leu Val Ala Phe Ser Asp Val Leu Gly Ser Gly Gln Ala His |
| 565 570 575 |
| Leu Val Glu Val Ser Ala Thr Lys Val Thr Cys Trp Pro Asn Leu Gly |
| 580 585 590 |
| His Gly Arg Phe Gly Gln Pro Ile Thr Leu Pro Gly Phe Ser Gln Ser |
| 595 600 605 |
| Ala Ala Asn Phe Asn Pro Asp Arg Val His Leu Ala Asp Leu Asp Gly |
| 610 615 620 |
| Ser Gly Pro Ala Asp Leu Ile Tyr Val His Ala Asp His Leu Asp Ile |
| 625 630 635 640 |
| Phe Ser Asn Glu Ser Gly Asn Gly Phe Ala Gln Pro Phe Thr Leu Arg |
| 645 650 655 |
| Phe Pro Asp Gly Leu Arg Phe Asp Asp Thr Cys Gln Leu Gln Val Ala |
| 660 665 670 |
| Asp Val Gln Gly Leu Gly Val Val Ser Leu Ile Leu Ser Val Pro His |
| 675 680 685 |
| Met Ala Pro His His Trp Arg Cys Asp Leu Thr Asn Ala Lys Pro Trp |
| 690 695 700 |
| Leu Leu Ser Glu Met Asn Asn Asn Met Gly Ala His His Thr Leu His |
| 705 710 715 720 |
| Tyr Arg Ser Ser Val Gln Phe Trp Leu Asp Glu Lys Ala Ala Ala Leu |
| 725 730 735 |
| Ala Thr Gly Gln Thr Pro Val Cys Tyr Leu Pro Phe Pro Val His Thr |
| 740 745 750 |
| Leu Trp Gln Thr Glu Thr Glu Asp Glu Ile Ser Gly Asn Lys Leu Val |
| 755 760 765 |
| Thr Thr Leu Arg Tyr Ala His Gly Ala Trp Asp Gly Arg Glu Arg Glu |
| 770 775 780 |
| Phe Arg Gly Phe Gly Tyr Val Glu Gln Thr Asp Ser His Gln Leu Ala |
| 785 790 795 800 |
| Gln Gly Asn Ala Pro Glu Arg Thr Ser Pro Ala Leu Thr Lys Asn Trp |
| 805 810 815 |
| Tyr Ala Thr Gly Ile Pro Glu Val Asp Asn Thr Leu Ser Ala Gly Tyr |
| 820 825 830 |
| Trp Arg Gly Asp Thr Gln Ala Phe Thr Gly Phe Thr Pro His Phe Thr |
| 835 840 845 |
| Leu Trp Lys Glu Gly Lys Asp Val Pro Leu Thr Pro Glu Asp Asp His |
| 850 855 860 |
| Asn Leu Tyr Trp Leu Asn Arg Ala Leu Lys Gly Gln Pro Leu Arg Ser |
| 865 870 875 880 |
| Glu Leu Tyr Gly Leu Asp Gly Ser Ala Gln Gln Lys Ile Pro Tyr Thr |
| 885 890 895 |
| Val Thr Glu Ser Arg Pro Gln Val Arg Gln Leu Gln Asp Asn Thr Thr |
| 900 905 910 |
| Leu Ser Pro Val Leu Trp Ala Ser Val Val Glu Ser Arg Ser Tyr His |
| 915 920 925 |
| Tyr Glu Arg Ile Ile Ser Asp Pro Gln Cys Asn Gln Asp Ile Thr Leu |
| 930 935 940 |
| Ser Ser Asp Leu Phe Gly Gln Pro Leu Lys Gln Val Ser Val Gln Tyr |
| 945 950 955 960 |
| Pro Arg Arg Asn Lys Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Tyr Pro Asp Thr Leu Pro |
| 965 970 975 |
| Asp Thr Leu Phe Ala Ser Ser Tyr Asp Asp Gln Gln Gln Leu Leu Arg |
| 980 985 990 |
| Leu Thr Tyr Gln Gln Ser Ser Trp His His Leu Ile Ala Asn Glu Leu |
| 995 1000 1005 |
| Arg Val Leu Gly Leu Pro Asp Gly Thr Arg Ser Asp Ala Phe Thr Tyr |
| 1010 1015 1020 |
| Asp Ala Lys His Val Pro Val Asp Gly Leu Asn Leu Glu Ala Leu Cys |
| 1025 1030 1035 1040 |
| Ala Glu Asn Ser Leu Ile Ala Asp Asp Lys Pro Arg Glu Tyr Leu Asn |
| 1045 1050 1055 |
| Gln Gln Arg Thr Phe Tyr Thr Asp Gly Lys Thr Asp Gly Lys Asn Pro |
| 1060 1065 1070 |
| Thr Pro Leu Lys Thr Pro Thr Arg Gln Ala Leu Ile Ala Phe Thr Glu |
| 1075 1080 1085 |
| Thr Ala Val Leu Thr Glu Ser Leu Leu Ser Ala Phe Asp Gly Gly Ile |
| 1090 1095 1100 |
| Thr Pro Asp Glu Leu Pro Gly Leu Leu Thr Gln Ala Gly Tyr Gln Gln |
| 1105 1110 1115 1120 |
| Glu Pro Tyr Leu Phe Pro Leu Ser Gly Glu Asn Gln Val Trp Val Ala |
| 1125 1130 1135 |
| Arg Lys Gly Tyr Thr Asp Tyr Gly Thr Glu Val Gln Phe Trp Arg Pro |
| 1140 1145 1150 |
| Val Ala Gln Arg Asn Thr Gln Leu Thr Gly Lys Thr Thr Leu Lys Trp |
| 1155 1160 1165 |
| Asp Thr His Tyr Cys Val Ile Thr Gln Thr Gln Asp Ala Ala Gly Leu |
| 1170 1175 1180 |
| Thr Val Ser Ala Asn Tyr Asp Trp Arg Phe Leu Thr Pro Met Gln Leu |
| 1185 1190 1195 1200 |
| Thr Asp Ile Asn Asp Asn Val His Ile Ile Thr Leu Asp Ala Leu Gly |
| 1205 1210 1215 |
| Arg Pro Val Thr Gln Arg Phe Trp Gly Ile Glu Asn Gly Val Ala Thr |
| 1220 1225 1230 |
| Gly Tyr Ser Ser Pro Glu Ala Lys Pro Phe Thr Pro Pro Val Asp Val |
| 1235 1240 1245 |
| Asn Ala Ala Ile Ala Leu Thr Gly Pro Leu Pro Val Ala Gln Cys Leu |
| 1250 1255 1260 |
| Val Tyr Ala Pro Asp Ser Trp Met Pro Leu Phe Gly Gln Glu Thr Phe |
| 1265 1270 1275 1280 |
| Asn Thr Leu Thr Gln Glu Glu Gln Lys Thr Leu Arg Asp Leu Arg Ile |
| 1285 1290 1295 |
| Ile Thr Glu Asp Trp Arg Ile Cys Ala Leu Ala Arg Arg Arg Trp Leu |
| 1300 1305 1310 |
| Gln Ser Gln Lys Ala Gly Thr Pro Leu Val Lys Leu Leu Thr Asn Ser |
| 1315 1320 1325 |
| Ile Gly Leu Pro Pro His Asn Leu Met Leu Ala Thr Asp Arg Tyr Asp |
| 1330 1335 1340 |
| Arg Asp Ser Glu Gln Gln Ile Arg Gln Gln Val Ala Phe Ser Asp Gly |
| 1345 1350 1355 1360 |
| Phe Gly Arg Leu Leu Gln Ala Ala Val Arg His Glu Ala Gly Glu Ala |
| 1365 1370 1375 |
| Trp Gln Arg Asn Gln Asp Gly Ser Leu Val Thr Lys Met Glu Asp Thr |
| 1380 1385 1390 |
| Lys Thr Arg Trp Ala Ile Thr Gly Arg Thr Glu Tyr Asp Asn Lys Gly |
| 1395 1400 1405 |
| Gln Ala Ile Arg Thr Tyr Gln Pro Tyr Phe Leu Asn Asp Trp Arg Tyr |
| 1410 1415 1420 |
| Val Ser Asp Asp Ser Ala Arg Lys Glu Ala Tyr Ala Asp Thr His Ile |
| 1425 1430 1435 1440 |
| Tyr Asp Pro Ile Gly Arg Glu Ile Gln Val Ile Thr Ala Lys Gly Trp |
| 1445 1450 1455 |
| Leu Arg Gln Asn Gln Tyr Phe Pro Trp Phe Thr Val Ser Glu Asp Glu |
| 1460 1465 1470 |
| Asn Asp Leu Ser Ala Asp Ala Leu Val |
| 1475 1480 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 15 |
| <211> LENGTH: 23 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 15 |
| cgggatccga tgattttaaa agg 23 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 16 |
| <211> LENGTH: 16 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 16 |
| gcgccattga tttgag 16 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 17 |
| <211> LENGTH: 19 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 17 |
| cattagaggt cgaacgtac 19 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 18 |
| <211> LENGTH: 26 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 18 |
| gagcgagctc ttacttaatg gtgtag 26 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 19 |
| <211> LENGTH: 28 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 19 |
| cagcgagctc catgcagaat tcacagac 28 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 20 |
| <211> LENGTH: 18 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 20 |
| ggcaatggca gcgataag 18 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 21 |
| <211> LENGTH: 18 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 21 |
| cattaacgca ggaagagc 18 |
| <200> SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: |
| <210> SEQ ID NO 22 |
| <211> LENGTH: 26 |
| <212> TYPE: DNA |
| <213> ORGANISM: Artificial Sequence |
| <220> FEATURE: |
| <223> OTHER INFORMATION: Description of Artificial Sequence |
| oligonucleotide |
| <400> SEQUENCE: 22 |
| gacctcgagt tacacgagcg cgtcag 26 |
Warren, Gregory W., Kramer, Vance Cary, Morgan, Michael Kent, Anderson, Arne Robert, Chen, Jeng Shong, Hart, Hope Prim, Dunn, Martha M.
| Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
| 6472176, | Dec 14 2000 | GENVEC, INC | Polynucleotide encoding chimeric protein and related vector, cell, and method of expression thereof |
| 6590142, | Aug 11 1999 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Transgenic plants expressing photorhabdus toxin |
| 6717035, | Aug 11 1999 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Transgenic plants expressing photorhabdus toxin |
| 7071386, | Jan 21 2003 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Xenorhabdus TC gene for pest control |
| 7161062, | Mar 24 2000 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | DNA Sequences from Photorhabdus luminescens |
| 7268275, | Nov 12 2002 | University of Bath | tcdB2 protein from Photorhabdus luminescens W-14 |
| 7285632, | Jan 07 2004 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Isolated toxin complex proteins from Xenorhabus bovienii |
| 7491698, | Jan 21 2003 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Mixing and matching TC proteins for pest control |
| 7517956, | Jan 21 2003 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Xenorhabdus TC proteins and genes for pest control |
| 7605228, | Mar 02 2004 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Insecticidal toxin complex fusion proteins |
| 7709623, | Jan 21 2003 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Xenorhabdus TC proteins and genes for pest control |
| 7777100, | Nov 12 2002 | DNA sequences from tcd genomic region of Photorhabdus luminescens | |
| 7795395, | Jan 07 2004 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Genes encoding toxin complex proteins and uses thereof |
| 7902334, | Jun 28 2002 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Pesticidally active proteins and polynucleotides obtainable from Paenibacillus species |
| 8084418, | Jan 21 2003 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Methods of inhibiting insects by treatment with a complex comprising a Photorhabdus insecticidal protein and one or two Xenorhabdus enhancer proteins |
| 8106159, | Mar 02 2004 | Dow Agrosciences LLC | Insecticidal toxin complex fusion protiens |
| Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
| EP142924, | |||
| WO9303154, | |||
| WO9638547, | |||
| WO9500647, | |||
| WO9717432, | |||
| WO9808388, | |||
| WO9808932, | |||
| WO9903328, |
| Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
| Feb 17 1999 | Syngenta Participations AG | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / | |||
| May 06 1999 | MORGAN, MICHAEL K | Novartis AG | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 011020 | /0795 | |
| May 11 1999 | KRAMER, VANCE C | Novartis AG | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 011020 | /0795 | |
| May 11 1999 | ANDERSON, ARNE R | Novartis AG | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 011020 | /0795 | |
| May 11 1999 | HART, HOPE P | Novartis AG | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 011020 | /0795 | |
| May 11 1999 | WARREN, GREGORY W | Novartis AG | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 011020 | /0795 | |
| May 11 1999 | CHEN, JENG SHONG | Novartis AG | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 011020 | /0795 | |
| May 12 1999 | DUNN, MARTHA M | Novartis AG | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 011020 | /0795 |
| Date | Maintenance Fee Events |
| Mar 14 2002 | ASPN: Payor Number Assigned. |
| Mar 16 2005 | REM: Maintenance Fee Reminder Mailed. |
| Aug 29 2005 | EXP: Patent Expired for Failure to Pay Maintenance Fees. |
| Date | Maintenance Schedule |
| Aug 28 2004 | 4 years fee payment window open |
| Feb 28 2005 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
| Aug 28 2005 | patent expiry (for year 4) |
| Aug 28 2007 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 4) |
| Aug 28 2008 | 8 years fee payment window open |
| Feb 28 2009 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
| Aug 28 2009 | patent expiry (for year 8) |
| Aug 28 2011 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 8) |
| Aug 28 2012 | 12 years fee payment window open |
| Feb 28 2013 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
| Aug 28 2013 | patent expiry (for year 12) |
| Aug 28 2015 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 12) |