A wall includes a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically and including a bottom wall member and a top wall member. Each wall member has an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface. A through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member. A rod, having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, is positioned in the through opening of the wall and a lower fastener attaches to the lower end of the rod adjacent the lower surface of the bottom wall member. An upper fastener attaches to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member, and an actuator is positioned between the upper fastener and the upper surface of the top wall member for applying a downward force to the top wall member.
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5. A wall comprising:
a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically and including a bottom wall member and a top wall member, each of said wall members including an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface, wherein a through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member;
a rod positioned in the through opening of the wall and having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, the rod extending along a first axis;
a lower fastener attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the lower surface of the bottom wall member, the lower fastener comprising a locking nut, the locking nut including an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod and an unthreaded portion approximately one half inch (1.25 cm) long below the threaded portion, the threaded portion and unthreaded portion of the locking nut extending substantially along the first axis, and the locking nut including a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion wherein the flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member thereby securing the lower fastener to the bottom wall member;
an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member;
an actuator positioned between the upper fastener and the upper surface of the top wall member for applying a downward force to the top wall member, the actuator comprising a spring and a spring support plate, the spring support plate having an opening for the rod to pass therethrough and the spring support plate attached to the upper surface of the top wall member.
3. A wall comprising:
a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically and including a bottom wall member and a top wall member, each of said wall members including an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface, wherein a through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member;
a rod positioned in the through opening of the wall and having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, the rod extending along a first axis;
a lower fastener attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the bottom wall member, the lower fastener comprising a locking nut, the locking nut including an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod, the threaded portion of the locking nut extending substantially along the first axis, and a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion wherein the flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member to secure the lower fastener to the bottom wall member and wherein the threaded portion of the locking nut comprises a tapered surface opening at an end of the threaded portion for receiving the rod to facilitate attachment of the rod to the lower fastener;
an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member; and
an actuator positioned between the upper fastener and the upper surface of the top wall member for applying a downward force to the top wall member, the actuator comprising a spring and a spring support plate, the spring support plate having an opening for the rod to pass therethrough and the spring support plate attached to the upper surface of the top wall member.
6. A wall comprising:
a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically and including a bottom wall member and a top wall member, each of said wall members including an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface, wherein a through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member;
a rod positioned in the through opening of the wall and having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, the rod extending along a first axis;
a lower fastener attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the lower surface of the bottom wall member, the lower fastener comprising a locking nut, the locking nut including an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod, the threaded portion of the locking nut extending substantially along the first axis and a tapered surface opening at an end of the threaded portion for receiving the rod to facilitate attachment of the rod to the lower fastener, and a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion wherein the flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member to secure the lower fastener to the bottom wall member;
a spring support plate attached to the upper surface of the top wall member, the spring support plate having an opening for the rod to pass therethrough and the spring support plate having at least one hole for at least one spring support plate fastener;
at least one the spring support plate fastener passing through a hole in the spring support plate thereby attaching the spring support plate to the top wall member;
an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member and
a spring positioned between the upper fastener and the spring support plate for applying a downward force to the top wall member.
4. A wall comprising:
a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically and including a bottom wall member and a top wall member, each of said wall members including an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface, wherein a through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member;
a rod positioned in the through opening of the wall and having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, the rod extending along a first axis;
a lower fastener attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the lower surface of the bottom wall member, the lower fastener comprising a locking nut, the locking nut including an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod and an unthreaded portion approximately one half inch (1.25 cm) long below the threaded portion, the threaded portion and unthreaded portion of the locking nut extending substantially along the first axis, and the locking nut including a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion wherein the flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member thereby securing the lower fastener to the bottom wall member;
an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member;
an actuator positioned between the upper fastener and the upper surface of the top wall member for applying a downward force to the top wall member, the actuator comprising a spring;
a spring support plate attached to the upper surface of the top wall member, the spring support plate having an opening for the rod to pass therethrough and the spring support plate having at least one hole for at least one spring support plate fastener, and
at least one the spring support plate fastener passing through a hole in the spring support plate thereby attaching the spring support plate to the top wall member.
2. A wall comprising:
a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically and including a bottom wall member and a top wall member, each of said wall members including an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface, wherein a through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member;
a rod positioned in the through opening of the wall and having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, the rod extending along a first axis;
a lower fastener attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the bottom wall member, the lower fastener comprising a locking nut, the locking nut including an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod, the threaded portion of the locking nut extending substantially alone the first axis, and a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion wherein the flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member to secure the lower fastener to the bottom wall member and wherein the threaded portion of the locking nut comprises a tapered surface opening at an end of the threaded portion for receiving the rod to facilitate attachment of the rod to the lower fastener;
an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member;
an actuator positioned between the upper fastener and the upper surface of the top wall member for applying a downward force to the top wall member, the actuator comprising a spring;
a spring support plate attached to the upper surface of the top wall member, the spring support plate having an opening for the rod to pass therethrough and the spring support plate having at least one hole for at least one spring support plate fastener, and
at least one the spring support plate fastener passing through a hole in the spring support plate thereby attaching the spring support plate to the top wall member.
1. A wall comprising:
a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically and including a bottom wall member and a top wall member, each of said wall members including an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface, wherein a through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member;
a rod positioned in the through opening of the wall and having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, the rod extending along a first axis;
a lower fastener attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the bottom wall member, the lower fastener comprising a locking nut, the locking nut including an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod, the threaded portion of the locking nut extending substantially along the first axis, and the locking nut including an unthreaded portion approximately one half inch (1.25 cm) long below the first threaded portion, the threaded portion and unthreaded portion of the locking nut extending substantially along the first axis, and a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion wherein the flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member to secure the lower fastener to the bottom wall member and wherein the threaded portion of the locking nut comprises a tapered surface opening at an end of the threaded portion for receiving the rod to facilitate attachment of the rod to the lower fastener;
an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member;
an actuator positioned between the upper fastener and the upper surface of the top wall member for applying a downward force to the top wall member, the actuator comprising a spring;
a spring support plate attached to the upper surface of the top wall member, the spring support plate having an opening for the rod to pass therethrough and the spring support plate having at least one hole for at least one spring support plate fastener, and
at least one the spring support plate fastener passing through a hole in the spring support plate thereby attaching the spring support plate to the top wall member.
7. The wall of
8. The wall of
11. The wall of
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1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to structures composed of individual wall members and methods of constructing those structures. More particularly, the present invention relates to log structures and a thru-bolt system for constructing log structures.
2. Background of the Invention
Log structures are constructed for a variety of purposes. The log structures typically are comprised of walls which include individual wall members that shrink or settle over time. The shrinkage or settling must be accommodated to facilitate a proper fit between the wall members. Without accommodation for the settling, the log structure may develop gaps or cracks in the walls. One previous approach has been to periodically tighten a fastener which compresses the wall members, however, this approach creates an undesirable maintenance burden.
Therefore, there is a need for an improved wall and method of constructing a wall which simplifies construction and accommodates shrinkage or settling of the wall members without the need for frequent maintenance.
The present invention eliminates the difficulties and disadvantages of the prior art by providing a wall for a structure. In one embodiment the wall comprises a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically, including a bottom wall member and a top wall member. Each of the wall members have an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface, and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface. A through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member. A rod is positioned in the through opening of the wall, the rod having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end and the rod extending along a first axis. A lower fastener is attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the bottom wall member. The lower fastener comprises a locking nut, and the locking nut includes an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod. The threaded portion of the locking nut extends substantially along the first axis. The locking nut also comprises a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion. The flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member to secure the lower fastener to the bottom wall member. In addition, the threaded portion of the locking nut comprises a tapered surface opening at an end of the threaded portion for receiving the rod to facilitate attachment of the rod to the lower fastener. The wall also includes an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member, and an actuator positioned between the upper fastener and the upper surface of the top wall member for applying a downward force to the top wall member.
In a alternate embodiment the wall comprises a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically, including a bottom wall member and a top wall member, with each of the wall members including an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface. A through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member. A rod is positioned in the through opening of the wall, the rod having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, and the rod extending along a first axis. A lower fastener is attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the lower surface of the bottom wall member. The lower fastener comprises a locking nut, the locking nut including an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod, and the locking nut further including an unthreaded portion approximately one half inch (1.25 cm) long below the threaded portion. The threaded portion and unthreaded portion of the locking nut extend substantially along the first axis. The locking nut also includes a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion, and the flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member thereby securing the lower fastener to the bottom wall member. The wall also includes an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member. There is an actuator positioned between the upper fastener and the upper surface of the top wall member for applying a downward force to the top wall member.
In a different embodiment, the wall comprises a plurality of wall members stacked substantially vertically, including a bottom wall member and a top wall member. Each of the wall members include an upper surface in opposed relation to a lower surface and a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface. A through opening in each wall member is aligned with a through opening in all other wall members so as to form a through opening in the wall extending from the upper surface of the top wall member to the lower surface of the bottom wall member. A rod is positioned in the through opening of the wall, the rod having an upper end in opposed relation to a lower end, and the rod extending along a first axis. A lower fastener is attached to the lower end of the rod and attached to the lower surface of the bottom wall member. The lower fastener comprises a locking nut and the locking nut includes an internally threaded portion for receiving a threaded portion of the lower end of the rod. The threaded portion of the locking nut extends substantially along the first axis and the locking nut has a tapered surface opening at an end of the threaded portion for receiving the rod to facilitate attachment of the rod to the lower fastener. The locking nut also has a flange extending transversely to the first axis for supporting the threaded portion. The flange of the locking nut includes a fastening means attaching the flange to the lower surface of the bottom wall member to secure the lower fastener to the bottom wall member A spring support plate is attached to the upper surface of the top wall member. The spring support plate has an opening for the rod to pass therethrough and the spring support plate also has at least one hole for at least one spring support plate fastener. At least one the spring support plate fastener passes through a hole in the spring support plate thereby attaching the spring support plate to the top wall member. The wall also includes an upper fastener attached to the upper end of the rod adjacent the upper surface of the top wall member and a spring positioned between the upper fastener and the spring support plate for applying a downward force to the top wall member.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in further detail. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following detailed description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings (which are not to scale) where:
With reference now to the drawings in which like reference characters designate like or similar parts throughout the several views,
The wall members 12 may be of any suitable cross-sectional shape. Such cross-sectional shapes include, but are not limited to, a substantially rectangular shape, a “D” shape (as shown in FIG. 1), or a substantially rounded shape. The height, length, and width of the wall members 12 may be selected by those skilled in the art in accordance with the design requirements of the wall 10.
The wall members 12 include a bottom wall member 14 and a top wall member 16. Although
The bottom wall member 14 includes a lower surface 18 in opposed relation to an upper surface 20. Preferably, the bottom wall member lower surface 18 is substantially parallel to the bottom wall member upper surface 20. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom wall member lower surface 18 is substantially smooth and the bottom wall member upper surface 20 is notched along the length of the bottom wall member 14. Preferably, the notch along the bottom wall member upper surface 20 is a male notch such that it protrudes above the bottom wall member upper surface 20. In an alternative embodiment, the notch along the bottom wall member upper surface 20 may be a female notch such that it forms a recess within the bottom wall member 14.
The top wall member 16 includes a lower surface 22 in opposed relation to an upper surface 24. The top wall member upper surface 24 is preferably substantially parallel to the top wall member lower surface 22. In a preferred embodiment, the top wall member upper surface 24 is substantially smooth and the top wall member lower surface 22 is notched along the length of top wall member 16. Preferably, the notch along the top wall member lower surface 22 is a female notch and forms a recess within the top wall member 16. Alternatively, the notch along the top wall member lower surface 22 is a male notch and protrudes below the top wall member lower surface 22.
In a preferred embodiment, each wall member 12 is notched along the upper and lower surfaces. In the preferred embodiment, the notches along the upper surfaces of the wall members 12 are male notches and the notches along the lower surfaces of the wall members 12 are female notches. Alternatively, the notches along the upper surfaces of the wall members 12 are female notches and the notches along the lower surfaces of the wall members 12 are male notches. The notches on the upper and lower surfaces of the wall members 12 are of a corresponding cross-sectional shape so that the notches on the upper surfaces of the wall members 12 mate with the notches on the lower surfaces of the wall members 12. The male notches fit within the female notches to help secure the wall members 12 and to provide a tighter fit between the wall members 12.
The wall members 12 include a through opening extending from the upper surface to the lower surface of each wall member 12. In a preferred embodiment, the through opening in each wall member 12 has a substantially round cross-sectional shape. However, other cross-sectional shapes of the through opening in each wall member 12 are also acceptable. Preferably, each wall member 12 contains a plurality of through openings. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the through openings are located at twelve inch intervals along the length of each wall member 12. Preferably, the through openings are drilled or otherwise formed in the wall members 12 prior to the wall members 12 arriving at the site for construction of the wall 10. Alternatively, the wall members 12 are stacked and then the through openings are drilled through the stacked wall members 12.
The bottom wall member 14 and the top wall member 16 also include through openings extending from the bottom wall member upper surface 20 to the bottom wall member lower surface 18 and the top wall member upper surface 24 to the top wall member lower surface 22 respectively. Preferably, a plurality of through openings are formed in the bottom wall member 14 and the top wall member 16 at twelve inch intervals.
As each wall member 12 is stacked, the through openings in the wall members 12 are aligned to create a through opening in the wall 10 extending from the top wall member upper surface 24 to the bottom wall member lower surface 18. In a preferred embodiment wherein through openings are formed in each wall member 12 at twelve inch intervals, the through openings in each wall member 12 align with the through openings in the other wall members 12 such that through openings in the wall 10 are formed at twelve inches intervals.
After the wall members 12 are stacked with the through openings aligned, a rod 26 is inserted into the through opening in the wall 10. As depicted in
As shown in
In a preferred embodiment, the lower fastener 34 is attached to the bottom wall member 14. Preferably, the flange 38 includes through apertures 40 which allow flange fasteners 42 to pass through the flange 38 and attach the lower fastener 34 to the bottom wall member 14. Preferably, the flange fasteners 42 comprise nails. In an alternative embodiment, the flange fasteners 42 are screws or bolts. However, the flange fasteners 42 may be any other fastener suitable for attaching the lower fastener 34 to the bottom wall member 14. In another alternative embodiment, the flange 38 does not include through apertures 40 and the lower fastener 34 is attached to the bottom wall member 14 through other fastening means such as adhesives. Alternatively, the lower fastener 34 is not attached to the bottom wall member 14 and may, for example, be held in place by use of a notched fit.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the flange 38 is countersunk into the bottom wall member 14 such that the flange 38 does not extend substantially beyond the bottom wall member lower surface 18. This embodiment allows the bottom wall member 14 to lay relatively smoothly on a sub-floor or other foundation on which the wall 10 is to be constructed without modification to the sub-floor or foundation. When the flange 38 is countersunk into the bottom wall member 14, a shaped recess 39 is formed in the bottom wall member 14 Preferably, the shape of the shaped recess 39 corresponds to the shape of the flange 38. In a preferred embodiment, the shape of the flange 38 and the corresponding shape of the shaped recess 39 prevent rotation of the lower fastener 34 within the bottom wall member 14. For example, if the flange 38 is elliptical in shape as illustrated in FIG. 1 and the shaped recess is also elliptical in shape, then the shaped recess will prevent the flange 38 and therefore the lower fastener 34 from rotating. Other shapes, including but not limited to rectangular shapes, of the flange 38 and the shaped recess 39 will prevent rotation of the lower fastener 34. Alternatively, if the flange 38 is circular in shape (or of another shape which would permit rotation in the bottom wall member 14) or if additional fastening means are desired, the flanged 38 may include protrusions, such as dimples or spikes) to engage the bottom wall member 14 and prevent rotation of the lower fastener 34.
Preferably, the diameter of the through opening in the wall 10 is large enough to allow the threaded portion 36 of the lower fastener 34 to be inserted into the through opening. In a preferred embodiment in which a rod 26 is placed into a through opening every three feet, a lower fastener 34 is inserted into the corresponding through openings in the bottom wall member 14 every three feet. In alternative embodiments in which the rods 26 are spaced along the wall 10 at different intervals, the lower fasteners 34 are inserted into the corresponding through openings in the bottom wall member 34. Preferably, the lower fasteners 34 are inserted into the appropriate through openings in the bottom wall member 14 prior to the wall members 12 being stacked.
As the rod 26 is inserted into the through opening of the wall 10, the rod 26 is received by the internally threaded portion 36 of the lower fastener 34 and is attached to the lower fastener 34 by rotating the rod 26 about the first axis 28 thereby engaging the threads of the threaded portion 36. With reference to
In a preferred embodiment, the threaded portion 36 has sufficient length along the first axis 28 to accommodate debris such as wood particles that may enter into the through opening in the wall 10. Thus, the length of the threaded portion 36 is preferably longer than necessary to attach the rod 26 to the lower fastener 34. The additional length allows wood particles or other debris to accumulate within the lower fastener 34 without affecting the ability of the lower fastener 34 to attach to the rod 26. In a preferred embodiment, the length of the threaded portion 36 of the lower fastener 34 is approximately three inches wherein approximately two inches are used to attach the rod 26 to the lower fastener 34 with the extra one inch used for accumulation of wood particles or other debris. Preferably, the threaded portion 36 is threaded for a length sufficient to attach the rod 26 to the lower fastener 34 and the additional length for accumulation of debris need not be threaded as depicted by unthreaded portion 37 on FIG. 3. Alternatively, the entire length of the threaded portion 36 is threaded.
An actuator 46 is positioned between the top wall member upper surface 24 and an upper fastener 47. In a preferred embodiment as depicted in
With reference to
With reference to
The upper rod member 60 has an upper end 66 in opposed relation to a lower end 68 and the lower rod member 62 has an upper end 70 in opposed relation to a lower end 72. The upper rod member upper end 66 is attached to the upper fastener 47 and the upper rod member lower end 68 is attached to the coupling 64. The lower rod member upper end 70 is also attached to the coupling while the lower rod member lower end 72 is attached to the lower fastener 34. This alternative embodiment allows multiple rod members to be joined to comprise the rod 26 and accommodate varying heights and configurations of the wall 10.
While the invention has been described in detail, it is to be expressly understood that it will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that the invention may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. Various changes of form, design or arrangement may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the above mentioned description is to be considered exemplary, rather than limiting, and the true scope of the invention is that defined in the following claims.
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Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
Jan 13 2003 | STUTTS, H CRAIG | HERITAGE LOG HOMES, INC | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 013661 | /0784 | |
Jan 14 2003 | Heritage Log Homes, Inc. | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / |
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