A method of head trimming a fastener blank in a cold-forging process comprises placing a fastener blank into a bore of a punch having an end face; supporting an underside of a head portion of the fastener blank with the punch end face; moving a die having an internal passage and a trim plate with a cutting edge toward the fastener blank; shearing the head of the fastener blank with the cutting edge of the trim plate; stopping movement of the die at an extended trim position where the cutting edge lies beyond an underside of the head portion of the fastener blank; ejecting the fastener blank from the punch bore and through the die passage to an opposite side of the die; retracting the die; and removing a scrap ring from around the punch by a stripper sleeve.
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1. The method of head trimming a fastener blank in a cold-forging process, comprising:
placing a fastener blank into a bore of a punch having an end face;
supporting an underside of a head portion of said fastener blank with said punch end face;
moving a die having an internal passage and a trim plate with a cutting edge toward said fastener blank;
shearing the head of said fastener blank with the cutting edge of the trim plate;
stopping movement of said die at an extended trim position where said cutting edge lies beyond an underside of the head portion of said fastener blank; and
ejecting said fastener blank from said punch bore and through said die passage to an opposite side of the die.
2. The method of
retracting said die; and
removing a scrap ring from around the punch by moving a stripper sleeve slidably mounted to the outside surface of said punch until said scrap ring is pushed off the end face of the punch by said sleeve.
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
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This patent application is a continuation of co-pending patent application Ser. No. 10/479,048 filed Nov. 26, 2003 for “Cold-Headed Standoff,” which is a 371 of PCT/US03/07832 filed Mar. 18, 2003 for “Cold-Headed Standoff,” priority from which is hereby claimed.
The present invention relates to the formation of a self-clinching type metal fastener by a progressive forging process.
Internally-threaded, self-clinching type fasteners are well-known in the art. When installed, they provide materials such as sheet metal panels with a threaded structure to receive a screw so that elements can be secured to the panel. A typical self-clinching fastener of the standoff type which includes an elongate barrel is shown in
One effective means for producing a self-clinching fastener of the above-described type is by a progressive die forging process. This process utilizes sequential punch and die forging to create the head, the clinch groove, the barrel, and the internal bore of the fastener from a metal blank or slug. Such a formation process is described for example in U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 2002/0054806 entitled “Grooved Nut and Manufacturing Method Thereof” filed on Jan. 3, 2001 by Sakamura et al. and published on May 9, 2002. This document discloses the progressive punch and die tooling used in this process as exemplified by
A problem exists with this manufacturing process, however, because the shearing process in the last station of the progressive forging leaves an undesirable upward-facing burr on the top side of the head of the fastener. Furthermore, there is another problem with this final head trimming station in that the scrap ring which results from cutting the material away from the periphery of the circular head to achieve the final polygonal shape often sticks to the face of the trim die, obstructing the continuous operation of the progressive forging process. There is therefore a need in the art to utilize a cold forging process to create a self-clinching fastener which does not have these deficiencies.
The present invention has been devised to cure the above-described problems of the undesirable manufacturing burr on the head of the fastener and to effect the efficient removal of the trimmed scrap ring at the final station of the head trimming station of the forging process. According to one aspect of the invention, the forging apparatus of the prior art is modified in that the punch and die tooling in the head trimming station are reversed in position. That is, the punch is positioned on the die block while the die is located on the reciprocating punch block. This reverses the direction of relative movement between the fastener and the die so that the burr is formed on the underside of the fastener head rather than the top side. This is more desirable since the underside of the head is embedded into the sheet material once the fastener is applied to a sheet. The burr is then not visible and cannot affect the final appearance of the clinched assembly. Because in the new system the barrel of the fastener is necessarily held within a cavity of the trim punch at the last station, an added reciprocating knock-out pin is employed to eject the part from the punch and through the opposite side of the die.
Reversing the relative direction of movement between the die and the fastener during head-trimming also leaves the scrap ring around the outside of the punch at the final station rather than against the face of the die as in the prior art. This is advantageous since the scrap ring then may be quickly and reliably removed from around the trim punch by a stripper sleeve which pushes the scrap ring off the end of the trim punch after the trim process is completed. This avoids the unreliable scrap removal of the prior art. Additionally, this is also advantageous in separating the finished product from the scrap material, whereby also eliminating the need for costly sorting or manual inspection operations to remove the scrap from the finished product.
Steps of the forging process of the invention at the final head-trimming station may be further described as follows. The fastener blank having a tubular barrel and a temporarily formed circular head is placed into a bore of a punch with the barrel of the fastener residing in the bore and an underside of the circular head abutting an end face of the punch. The forging apparatus then moves the die toward the top side of the fastener until a polygonal cutting edge of the die shears metal from around the edges of the circular head of the fastener blank. Movement of the die stops when the cutting edge lies beyond the punch end face and the underside of the head of the fastener. At this point, a knock-out pin which is reciprocal within the bore of the punch forceably ejects the fastener through a passage in the die and beyond an opposite side of the die into a container for completed parts. The forging apparatus then moves the die away from the punch. Once the die is clear of the punch, a stripper sleeve which is reciprocal about the outside surface of the punch moves from a retracted position over the end of the punch and in doing so removes a scrap ring left around the outside of the punch. Since the orientation of the tooling is horizontal, the scrap ring then falls away from the punch by gravity, and may also be assisted by pressurized oil or air to ensure the downward motion of the scrap ring is achieved. The cycle is then completed and the trim station is now ready to receive the next partially formed fastener blank.
The apparatus for performing the inventive head-trimming process comprises a stationary punch having a bore for holding a barrel portion of a fastener blank, an end face for supporting an underside of a head portion of the fastener blank when held in the bore, and a polygonal shank. The invention further includes a reciprocal die having an internal passage and a trim plate including an aperture, the trim plate aperture having a circumferential polygonal edge closely corresponding to dimensions of the shank of the punch for receiving the punch. The die is movable from a retracted position toward a top side of the fastener blank to an extended trim position where the cutting edge lies beyond the punch end face. There is a knock-out pin reciprocal within the punch bore for ejecting the fastener blank from the bore and through the die passage to an opposite side of the die. A stripper sleeve slidably mounted to the outside surface of the punch is reciprocal between retracted and extended positions by a spring-activated mechanism, the extended position placing a distal end of the sleeve even with the punch end face for removing a scrap ring from the punch. Since the die is movable in a substantially horizontal plane, the scrap ring falls away from the end face of the punch by the force of gravity and can be assisted by pressurized oil and or air as needed. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art from the following drawings and description of the preferred embodiments.
Referring now to
Changing the direction of trim operation has the beneficial effect on the surface characteristics of the fastener head as depicted by
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
The next step of the operation of the invention is shown in
The final stage of the operation of this station is shown in
It should be understood that there may be other modifications and changes to the present invention that will be obvious to those of skill in the art from the foregoing description, however, the present invention should be limited only by the following claims and their legal equivalents.
Franco, James S, Litzenberger, Thomas K
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