The present invention allows calls that have previously been handled by an answering system to be identified when they are forwarded from a switch back to the answering system. In one embodiment, the invention includes receiving an incoming call at an automated attendant port or answering system port, receiving a call handle associated with the incoming call, applying the call handle to retrieve caller information associated with the call handle, and using the retrieved caller information to handle the call if caller information associated with the call handle is found.
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17. A method comprising:
receiving an incoming call at a private telephone switch through the PSTN (Public Switched telephone network), the incoming call being directed to one of a plurality of individual subscriber telephones that are coupled to the switch;
generating a call handle for the incoming call at the switch;
routing the incoming call to a port of a connected call handling system, the call handling system having greeting and message storage for at least some of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones;
sending the call handle to the call handling system in association with the routed incoming call;
receiving a transfer of the call from the call handling system;
routing the same call to a second port of the connected call handling system;
sending the same call handle to the call handling system in association with the routed call; and
sending an indication to the call handling system of whether the incoming call routed to second port has been previously handled by the call handling system in association with the routed incoming call.
25. An apparatus comprising:
a port to receive an incoming call at a private telephone switch through the PSTN (Public Switched telephone network), the incoming call being directed to one of a plurality of individual subscriber telephone that are coupled to the switch;
a call handle generator to generate a call handle for the incoming call at the switch;
a switching network to route the incoming call from the receiving port to a port of a connected call handling system, the call handling system having greeting and message storage for at least some of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones, the switching network further to receive a transfer of the call from the call handling system and to subsequently re-route the call to another port of the call handling system; and
an interface to send the same generated call handle each time the call is routed to the call handling system and an indication of whether the incoming call has been previously handled by the call handling system to the port of the call handling system in association with the routed incoming call.
22. A machine-readable medium having stored thereon data representing instructions which, when executed by a machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising:
receiving an incoming call at a private telephone switch through the PSTN (Public Switched telephone network), the incoming call being directed to one of a plurality of individual subscriber telephones coupled to the switch;
generating a call handle for the incoming call at the switch;
routing the incoming call to a port of a connected call handling system, the call handling system having greeting and message storage for at least some of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones;
sending the call handle to the call handling system in association with the routed incoming call;
receiving a transfer of the call from the call handling system;
routing the same call to a second port of the connected call handling system;
sending the same call handle to the call handling system in association with the routed call; and
sending an indication to the call handling system of whether the incoming call routed to second port has been previously handled by the call handling system in association with the routed incoming call.
14. An apparatus comprising;
a voice mail system to receive an incoming call from a connected private telephone switch, the switch being coupled between the PSTN and a plurality of individual subscriber telephones, the incoming call coming to the switch through the PSTN (Public Switched telephone network), the incoming call being directed to one of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones;
greeting and message storage of the voice mail system for at least some of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones;
a first voice mail port of the voice mail system to receive an assignment of the incoming call, and a call handle associated with the incoming call from the switch the first voice mail port also receive a personal selection from the caller during the call, to transfer the call to the switch and to receive a release of the assignment;
a memory of the voice mail system containing personal selections associated with call handles;
a second voice mail port to receive an assignment of the same call again from the switch, to receive the same call handle associated with the incoming call from the switch, and to receive an indication from the switch that the incoming call has been previously handled by the voice mail system; and
a processor of the voice mail system to associate the personal selection from the first voice mail port with the call handle and store it in the memory, to apply the call handle received at the second voice mail port to the memory to retrieve the personal selection that is associated with the call handle and to use the retrieved personal selection to handle the incoming call if the incoming call has been previously handled by the voice mail system.
1. A method comprising:
receiving an incoming call at a voice mail system from a connected private telephone switch, the switch being coupled between the PSTN (Public Switched telephone network) and a plurality of individual subscriber telephones, the incoming call coming to the switch through the PSTN, the voice mail system having greeting and message storage for at least some of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones, the incoming call being directed to one of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones;
assigning the call to a first voice mail port of the voice mail system;
receiving a call handle associated with the incoming call at the voice mail system from the switch;
receiving a personal selection from the caller during the call;
associating the personal selection with the call handle in a voice mail system database;
transferring the call to the switch;
releasing the first voice mail port from the call;
receiving the same call again from the switch;
assigning the incoming call to a second voice mail port of the voice mail system;
receiving the same call handle associated with the incoming call at the voice mail system from the switch;
receiving an indication from the switch that the incoming call has been previously handled by the voice mail system;
applying the call handle to a database of the voice mail system to retrieve the previously received personal selection stored in the voice mail system database that is associated with the call handle, in response to the indication that the incoming call has been previously handled by the voice mail system; and
using the retrieved personal selection at the voice mail system to handle the incoming call.
11. A machine-readable medium having stored thereon data representing instructions which, when executed by a machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising:
receiving an incoming call at a voice mail system from a connected private telephone switch, the switch being coupled between the PSTN (Public Switched telephone network) and a plurality of individual subscriber telephones, the incoming call coming to the switch through the PSTN, the voice mail system having greeting and message storage for at least some of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones, the incoming call being directed to one of the plurality of individual subscriber telephones;
assigning the call to a first voice mail port of the voice mail system;
receiving a call handle associated with the incoming call at the voice mail system from the switch;
receiving a personal selection from the caller during the call;
associating the personal selection with the call handle in a voice mail system database;
transferring the call to the switch;
releasing the first voice mail port from the call;
receiving the same call again from the switch;
assigning the incoming call to a second voice mail port of the voice mail system;
receiving the same call handle associated with the incoming call at the voice mail system from the switch;
receiving an indication from the switch that the incoming call has been previously handled by the voice mail system;
applying the call handle to a database of the voice mail system to retrieve the previously received personal selection stored in the voice mail system database that is associated with the call handle, in response to the indication that the incoming call has been previously handled by the voice mail system; and
using the retrieved personal selection at the voice mail system to handle the incoming call.
2. The method of
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8. The method of
requesting caller information from the caller,
storing received caller information in association with the call handle; and
using the received caller information to handle the incoming call.
9. The method of
10. The method of
requesting caller information from the caller;
storing received caller information in association with the call handle; and
using the received caller information to handle the incoming call.
12. The medium of
requesting caller information from the caller;
storing received caller information in association with the call handle; and
using the received caller information to handle the incoming call.
13. The medium of
requesting caller information from the caller;
storing received caller information in association with the call handle; and
using the received caller information to handle the incoming call.
15. The apparatus of
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The present invention relates to the field of handling forwarded calls with a call answering system such as a voice mail system. More particularly, the invention relates to identifying calls that have previously been handled by the answering system when they are forwarded from a switch back to the answering system.
Voice mail systems are typically used both as an automated attendant and to record messages for a user or a group of users, e.g. a company, general or receptionist voice mail box. In this regard, the voice mail system can work together with a telephone switch (such as a private branch exchange, PBX, or key service unit, KSU) so that calls will be transferred by the switch to the voice mail system and vice versa. In order to maximize the efficiency of transfers between the voice mail and the switch, blind transfers are preferred. In a blind transfer, if a call is to be transferred from voice mail to another extension, the voice mail port used by the call is released and the call is transferred to the switch immediately. The switch rings the desired extension and transfers the call to that extension if there is an answer. If there is no answer or the extension is busy, then the call is normally routed back to a new voice mail port for further automated attendant handling. The blind transfer allows the released voice mail port to be used by other callers, reducing the total number of voice mail ports that are required in a large system.
In many voice mail systems, as well as a variety of other automated call handling systems, when the automated attendant function is first accessed by an external caller, the caller is provided with a series of options. These options might include a choice of languages for the voice prompts and menu instructions, a selection of touch tone or rotary dial telephone, an account number, a caller type, such as retail customer, wholesale customer, or distributor/agent, and a variety of other options.
A caller is normally presented with a choice by the automated attendant and then the caller dials a selection. For example, the automated attendant might recite “for English dial 1, für Deutsch drück 2, för Svenska välj 3. ” The caller then can select 1, 2 or 3 to send a DTMF tone to the automated attendant. Similarly, the caller can be asked to dial in any other information that will help the automated attendant to serve the caller.
As long as the voice mail system maintains the call, the information provided or selected by the caller can be stored at the voice mail system and associated with the call. When the call is transferred and the voice mail port is reassigned, however, this association is lost. So, for example, if the caller selected a transfer to another extension, was connected to that extension and then transferred back to voice mail, the voice mail system would lose the identification of the call. The caller would be forced to enter language selection, account numbers or any other information again. The same applies to any blind transfer. In the blind transfer, the voice mail system releases the call so that even if the extension to which the call was transferred did not answer and the caller was sent right back to voice mail, the caller would be asked again to enter the language selection and any other selections or information. The loss of the selections and information provided by the caller presents a significant inconvenience to the caller that may result in the caller hanging up in frustration and the caller being lost. At the least, it increases the duration of the call when the caller is reentering information. This consumes more resources of the voice mail system, the switch and the telephone network than would otherwise be necessary.
The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which:
In the present invention, caller information and selections, once they have been entered by the caller do not have to be re-entered unless the call is terminated and the caller calls back. For example, if a caller has selected Spanish language menus and instructions, that caller will continue to receive Spanish language menus and instructions as long as that caller stays on the line. Once the call is terminated, the caller can call back and is then free to make new selections. This can be a great convenience to callers that are transferred to many different extensions and are required to re-enter selections and information after each or at least some of the transfers.
In the present invention, a call handle is passed from the switch to the voice mail system. The call handle is generated by the switch based on external or internal telephone or line numbers as a unique identifier of a particular call. The call handle is used by the voice mail system to identify a call in the event that the call, once released from the voice mail system, later returns. As a result, the call can be released by the voice mail system and transferred to any number of different extensions accessible to the switch. If the call returns to the voice mail system, the voice mail system can identify it, look up any selections or information that was previously entered and use this information just as if the call was never transferred out of voice mail.
The call handle can allow users to keep any selections that were earlier made, such as languages or telephone type. It also allows any previously entered information such as identification, account numbers, status and the like to be remembered by the voice mail system. This can result in a significant convenience to the caller and can save time for both the caller and the telephone equipment.
The telephone ports are connected to each telephone through a twisted pair wired telephone line 121-1, 121-2, 121-3, 121-4 and 121-5. The telephone cabling is typically run through walls and ceilings of the building which, in the present example, is shared between the two tenants. However, a twisted pair connection is not required for the present invention, nor is a wired system. The telephone ports 115 may also be wireless ports which connect to mobile PCU's (Personal Communication Units) allocated to various subscribers. Similarly, the connection 113 to the PSTN may be a connection to a cellular or a radio telephone system using directional or omni-directional antennas. It may also be a connection through some other type of wide area network such as the Internet or a satellite communication system. The nature of the connection to the PSTN and the nature of the connection to each individual telephone is not important to the present invention.
In a conventional telephone switch, such as that shown in
On the other side of the switch, each individual telephone, computer modem, video conferencing center or other communications node, is assigned a particular internal extension number. As mentioned above, these numbers may correspond to a particular wire connected to a telephone port at one end and to a telephone wall jack at another end or these internal numbers may be virtual extension numbers that are used to assign access to users in a less tangible way. So for example, with multiple users, each carrying PCU's, the channels assigned to each user may be virtual channels which correspond to frequencies, timeslots or codes that are dynamically allocated based on system usage. In this case, the internal extension number does not correspond to any fixed allocation of resources, but instead serves as an identification number for a particular communication unit. The details of internal extension numbers, external telephone numbers and users and tenants are all stored in tables maintained at the switch.
In addition, tenants and users of this system are served by a voice mail system 125. While a voice mail system is shown and described herein, an automated attendant system or any other type of system that automatically answers and handles calls may also be used as an addition or an alternative. The same operations, connections and components apply equally to each except that an automated attendant does not normally record and store incoming messages. The recording and storing of incoming messages is not important to the present invention. The voice mail system, automated attendant system or answering system is coupled to the switch through a number of telephone lines 127 which connect to ports, such as voice mail ports 126. The voice mail ports are typically carried on the voice mail system 125. The voice mail system is also coupled to the switch through another connector 128 shown in
In one embodiment, telephone calls are routed by the switch to the voice mail system through the telephone lines and voice mail ports. The calls are accompanied by a call handle through the auxiliary RS-232 line. This call handle is generated by a call handle manager 137 at the switch using a call/call handle lookup table 123 generated by and maintained at the switch. The call/call handle lookup table simply maintains a unique call handle for each call for the duration of the call. After the call has terminated, and a sufficient time has passed, the call handle can be reused for another call. The voice mail system stores the call handle in its lookup table 129 together with any selections or information that was provided by the caller during the call.
A call handle can be transmitted from the switch using an RS-232 protocol, or any other type of signaling system. The call handle can be sent through the backplane of the switch or over a special separate RS-232 connector. The particular protocol and methodology used for transmitting the call handle depends on the built-in protocols and architecture of the switch and voice mail system and not on the present invention. There are also many other ways to send a call handle. For systems which allow a separate digital control line, any number of other signaling or control channel data paths can be used on either the switch backplane or on peripheral cards including Ethernet, IP (Internet Protocol), or SS7. If no control or signaling channel is available or can be adapted, in-band signaling can be used in the voice channel. This can include different forms of modulated signaling using a variety of different types of protocols including DTMF (Dual Tone Multi-Frequency) signals. In other scenarios, various kinds of infra-red, radio or wireless type communications can be used between the switch and the voice mail system. In a software environment, the signaling can be done by any of a number of different types of calls, requests or sub-routines including API's (Application Programming Interface), RPCs (remote procedure calls), etc.
The hardware system for the switch and voice mail of
Similarly, the voice mail system can be constructed using a variety of hardware or software configurations well known in the art. In one configuration, the voice mail system is based on a conventional microcomputer architecture using a single central processor, a hard drive memory storage for messages and configuration tables and adapter cards coupled to a shared communications bus to receive telephone lines and constitute the voice mail ports shown in
In another configuration, the voice mail system is constructed as a separate card which plugs into the equipment rack occupied by the switch. The voice mail card connects to the same backplane as the cards of the switch. In this case, the voice mail ports can offer a connection similar to that offered by the telephone ports and can be coupled to the switching architecture using electrical or optical lines or directly through the backplane. Separate data connections such as the RS-232 connection shown in
In one version of a voice mail system, the voice mail ports all are provided on a card which emulates a set of digital telephone lines. These digital telephone lines spoof all of the necessary functionality that is provided by digital telephones 117. With this configuration, a telephone call which has been directed to a user's telephone 117 (digital, analog, hybrid, etc.) can then be forwarded to a voice mail port using the standard functionality of the switch which forwards calls from one extension to another. Forwarded calls to voice mail ports existing as emulated digital phones are handled just like any other type of voice mail port (typically analog), although digital phones normally are capable of receiving a wealth of data/intelligence directly from the switch.
In many such switches, the telephone lines have both a digital signaling stream and a digital voice stream both carried on the backplane. The digital signaling stream includes instructions for telephone subscriber units such as instructions to flash the lights, ring the telephone, show a message light, transfer the line to another extension etc. One such digital signaling system is SMDI. The SMDI protocol sends called and calling party information as well as a code indicating the reason the call was forwarded (presumably to a voice mail port) over an RS-232 (i.e. serial) cable. An alternative architecture is to provide a digital voice stream in which headers contain these kinds of signaling instructions and the voice information is also carried digitally. The digital information can be used to allow the voice mail system to determine which user's voice mail box to use for recording a message. However, it cannot be used to identify a call that has already been processed or handled by the voice mail system. In other such architectures, digital signaling information is conveyed through other types of digital interfaces and may also be optional. For example, with some switches digital signaling and control information is provided using an RS-232 protocol that is supported by unique cards that can be added to the switch system. In order to support these switch systems, a similar card or utility can be added to the voice mail system.
In particular, while the voice mail module is specially adapted to provide the functionalities described above using its unique modules, the switch requires only one unique additional module which is the call handle delivery module 337. This module can be constructed independently of the rest of the switch software. It requires only a trigger event and then a simple direct access to the call/call handle lookup table. As mentioned above, a suitable table of call identifiers may already be maintained by the switch for other purposes and these call identifiers can be used as the call handles. Using this one additional module, all of the voice mail functionality can be provided without requiring the caller to reenter any selections or information.
The features of the present invention can be further understood with reference to the process illustrated in
When the call is forwarded to voice mail, the switch generates a call handle 421 based on the calling party, time of receipt or any other information. It modulates or derives a call handle code based on that called number 423, routes the incoming call to a shared voice mail port 425 and sends the modulated or derived call handle code to the voice mail system 427. The switch will also often send a variety of other network administration and management information as well as information about the call such as the extension from which the call came, if any. The voice mail system will handle the call and at some point indicate that the call is to be terminated or transferred to another extension. Typically, the voice mail system sends a hook switch signal or digital transfer request. The connection will then be terminated or transferred on this request 431.
From the voice mail system's perspective, its activity, according to the present invention, begins when it receives an incoming call at any one of its voice mail ports 511. The voice mail system will answer the incoming call 513 and receive a call handle for the incoming call 515 from the switch. If the function is supported by the switch, the voice mail system will also be told by the switch whether the call was forwarded from an internal extension or is a new call 517. If the call is new and was not forwarded, then the voice mail system can present the caller with a pre-programmed set of questions and information requests 519 such as a choice of language for greetings and menus. The choice of language, together with any other choices or entered information is then stored in a lookup table in association with the call handle.
In some systems, the caller can enter an identification code and be provided with information directly over the telephone line. Banks, investment fund services, airlines, and some retail sales organizations among others offer such a service. In such a case, the caller may be routed directly to the voice mail system, be asked to select a number and then be asked to select the information desired. Public information such as hours of operation or airplane flight status can be offered directly, and personal account information can be offered after the caller enters an account number and perhaps a personal identification number. In such a case, the caller may hang up after obtaining the desired information or request a transfer from the voice mail system to another extension.
If the caller does not request a transfer 521, then the caller, after providing or receiving the requested information will terminate the call 523. The call handle is then not used for any purpose and may be reused for future callers. If the caller does request a transfer 521, the transfer is performed 525 and the call is returned to the switch.
It can then occur that after being transferred out of the voice mail system, the call is routed back to the voice mail system 527. Such a call is initially handled the same way as it was originally. The call is received 511 and answered 513 and the call handle is received 515 in any of the ways discussed above. The voice mail system then determines whether the call is forwarded from an internal extension 517 and finding that it was goes to its call handle lookup table to determine whether there is any other information on the call. If there is, then this information is used 531 in handling the call. In the example of
If the call handle for the forwarded call is not found in the call handle lookup table 529, then the caller will be asked to enter or re-enter the selections and information 537. This data will then be stored in association with the call handle in the call handle lookup table. The call can then be handled in the same way as the call for which a call handle lookup table entry was found 533, 535. The forwarded call will not have an entry in the call handle lookup table if, for example, the call had not yet been handled by the voice mail system. It could also happen that as a result of the type of transfers that were performed, for example, a transfer to an external line or another switch, the call has a different call handle than it did before. It can be appreciated that it is not necessary to determine whether a call has been forwarded from another extension. The voice mail system can alternatively check the call handle lookup table directly whether or not the call was forwarded. In addition, the calls, instead of being terminated by the voice mail system, might be transferred to the switch for termination. A variety of other modifications and adaptations of the process flow of
In the description above, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form.
The present invention includes various steps. The steps of the present invention may be performed by hardware components, such as those shown in
The present invention may be provided as a computer program product which may include a machine-readable medium having stored thereon instructions which may be used to program a computer (or other electronic devices) to perform a process according to the present invention. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, floppy diskettes, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magneto-optical disks, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, magnet or optical cards, flash memory, or other type of media/machine-readable medium suitable for storing electronic instructions. Moreover, the present invention may also be downloaded as a computer program product, wherein the program may be transferred from a remote computer to a requesting computer by way of data signals embodied in a carrier wave or other propagation medium via a communication link (e.g., a modem or network connection).
Importantly, while the present invention has been described in the context of a voice mail system for a shared switch, it can be applied to a wide variety of shared voice mail or generic messaging systems in which identification information can be exchanged. Such systems include voice over IP, data switched and router based systems. The telephone calls may include voice, video, music, broadcast and data calls. The present invention can be applied to fixed telephone terminals as well as to low and high mobility voice and data terminals. Many of the methods are described in their most basic form but steps can be added to or deleted from any of the methods and information can be added or subtracted from any of the described messages without departing from the basic scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many further modifications and adaptations can be made. The particular embodiments are not provided to limit the invention but to illustrate it. The scope of the present invention is not to be determined by the specific examples provided above but only by the claims below.
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