A power supply adjusting apparatus includes a primary isolation converting unit, adapted to convert voltage or current of an input power supply signal and output a power supply signal that meets an expected voltage or current requirement. The power supply adjusting apparatus also includes a voltage adjustment controlling unit, adapted to output an adjustment control signal with respect to the output voltage according to an expected output voltage and a tracked signal provided by a powered apparatus. Further, the power supply adjusting apparatus includes a secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit, adapted to convert the power supply signal outputted by the primary isolation converting unit to an expected voltage according to the adjustment control signal outputted by the voltage adjustment controlling unit and output the adjusted power supply signal.
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1. A power supply adjusting apparatus, comprising:
a primary isolation converting unit, connected to an input of a power supply and adapted to: convert voltage or current of an input power supply signal from the input of the power supply, and output a power supply signal that meets an expected voltage or current requirement;
a voltage adjustment controlling unit, adapted to: determine an adjustment control signal with respect to the output voltage according to an expected output voltage and a tracked signal provided by a powered apparatus, and output the adjustment control signal; and
a secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit, connected to an output of the power supply and adapted to: adjust the power supply signal outputted by the primary isolation converting unit according to the adjustment control signal outputted by the voltage adjustment controlling unit, and output an adjusted power supply signal;
wherein the voltage adjustment controlling unit is placed in the powered apparatus and implemented by a core processing unit of the powered apparatus and outputs a voltage to the primary isolation converting unit and/or secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit, and the powered apparatus further comprises an adjustment requesting unit, adapted to receive an adjusted power supply voltage signal and output an expected voltage adjustment parameter to the core processing unit.
7. A power supply adjusting apparatus, comprising:
a primary isolation converting unit, connected to an input of a power supply and adapted to: convert voltage or current of an input power supply signal from the input of the power supply, and output a power supply signal that meets an expected voltage or current requirement;
a voltage adjustment controlling unit, adapted to: determine an adjustment control signal with respect to the output voltage according to an expected output voltage and a tracked signal provided by a powered apparatus, and output the adjustment control signal; and
a secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit, connected to an output of the power supply and adapted to: adjust the power supply signal outputted by the primary isolation converting unit according to the adjustment control signal outputted by the voltage adjustment controlling unit, and output an adjusted power supply signal; and
a tracked signal frequency division processing unit, adapted to divide the received tracked signal into a high frequency signal and a low frequency signal according to a preset policy, wherein the low frequency signal is sent to the voltage adjustment controlling unit; and
a precise tracked voltage correcting unit, adapted to: adjust the voltage outputted by the voltage adjustment controlling unit according to the high frequency signal outputted by the tracked signal frequency division processing unit, and output the adjusted voltage.
2. The power supply adjusting apparatus of
3. The power supply adjusting apparatus of
4. The power supply adjusting apparatus of
a sampling unit, adapted to: monitor and obtain a variation in an output power supply voltage, and output the variation;
a tracked signal sampling unit, adapted to: monitor and obtain the tracked signal outputted by the powered apparatus, and output the tracked signal;
a voltage reference and loop compensation unit, adapted to: determine an adjustment control signal according to the variation from the sampling unit and the tracked signal from the tracked signal sampling unit, and output the adjustment control signal; and
a secondary Pulse Width Mediation (PWM) control Integrated Circuit (IC) and driving unit, adapted to output a PWM signal according to the adjustment control signal outputted by the voltage reference and loop compensation unit, wherein the PWM signal is used to adjust the voltage outputted by the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit.
5. The power supply adjusting apparatus of
a tracked signal generating unit, adapted to generate the tracked signal according to service status of the powered apparatus;
a tracked signal receiving unit, adapted to receive the tracked signal generated by the tracked signal generating unit; and
a tracked signal processing and converting unit, adapted to: convert the tracked signal received by the tracked signal receiving unit to obtain a tracked signal that matches the secondary PWM controller IC and driving unit, and output the tracked signal to the voltage reference and loop compensation unit.
6. The power supply adjusting apparatus of
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This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2008/071423, filed on Jun. 24, 2008, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 200710119236.7, filed on Jul. 18, 2007, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
The present disclosure relates to the supply of power to electronic devices, and in particular, to a power supply adjusting apparatus, a power supply isolating apparatus and a non-isolation adjusting and converting apparatus.
Transistor amplifiers which are often adopted in electronic devices reach their peak efficiency under specific input power. This power is related to the structure (circuit parts and layout), load condition and supply voltage. A typical electronic device, such as a radio frequency power amplifier (PA), is generally designed to achieve its optimal performance under the peak input signal. Because the dynamic bandwidth of the input signal of a PA is large, the input signal reaches the peak only occasionally so that the efficiency of a transistor linear PA is normally low.
A common solution for increasing the efficiency of a PA is based on the power supply with such techniques as Traffic Tracking (TT), Envelop Tracking (ET) and Envelope Elimination and Restoration (EER), where the drain supply voltage of the PA is dynamically changed according to the work requirements of the PA so as to increase the average system efficiency. In other similar scenarios, a power supply based solution may also be needed to improve the work efficiency of a system.
To implement the above power supply based solution, a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) based method is adopted in the prior art so as to achieve an efficient voltage variable power supply.
In the prior art, a structure of a PWM based power supply adjusting apparatus applicable to a PA in a radio base station is shown in
Specifically, in
Because of the adoption of isolation feedback control, when the dynamic adjustment range of the output voltage is wide, the adjustment of the output voltage requires the real-time change of the work points of the isolation transformer and optical coupler so that the prior art has at least the following weaknesses:
1. During a process of wide-range and fast real-time voltage adjustment, the PWM needs to control the shutoff of Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6 in real time, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the isolation transformer is relatively great and likely to exceed the saturated magnetic induction intensity of the isolation transformer. As a result, the isolation transformer is at risk of magnetic saturation and is likely to create audio noise so that the design of a transformer is more difficult.
2. Because of the delay induced by the inherent low-pass feature of such units as the voltage feedback isolation optical coupler, the need for fast dynamic voltage adjustment is even harder to meet by this power supply structure. When the output power changes quickly, due to the bandwidth limitation of the isolation optical coupler and the limitation of the work space of the transformer magnetic core, it is hard for the traditional voltage adjusted power supply to allow the application of high bandwidth signal tracking.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power supply adjusting apparatus for the purpose of fast dynamic voltage adjustment with respect to the tracking of a high bandwidth signal and reducing the complexity of a power supply adjusting apparatus.
A power supply adjusting apparatus includes:
a primary isolation converting unit, connected to an input of a power supply and adapted to: convert voltage or current of an input power supply signal and output a power supply signal that meets an expected voltage or current requirement;
a voltage adjustment controlling unit, adapted to: determine an adjustment control signal with respect to the output voltage according to an expected output voltage and a tracked signal provided by a powered apparatus and output the adjustment control signal; and
a secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit, connected to an output of the power supply and adapted to: adjust the power supply signal outputted by the primary isolation converting unit according to the adjustment control signal outputted by the voltage adjustment controlling unit, and output an adjusted power supply signal.
A power supply isolating apparatus includes:
a primary isolation converting unit, adapted to: convert voltage or current of an input power supply signal, and output a power supply signal that meets an expected voltage or current requirement; and
a power supply signal outputting unit, adapted to send the power supply signal obtained by the primary isolation converting unit to a non-isolation adjusting and converting apparatus.
A non-isolation adjusting and converting apparatus includes:
a power supply signal receiving unit, adapted to receive a power supply signal outputted by a power supply isolating apparatus; and
a secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit, adapted to: adjust and convert the power supply signal according to an adjustment control signal from a voltage adjustment controlling unit, and output the adjusted power supply voltage signal.
According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, because the isolation optical coupler and isolation transformer are removed from the real-time dynamic adjustment controller, a high bandwidth power supply signal can be adjusted.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a power supply adjusting apparatus that provides variable voltages includes a primary isolation converting unit, a voltage adjustment controlling unit and a secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit. The primary isolation converting unit is connected to the input power supply to import the input power supply signal; the input of the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit is connected to the primary converting unit and the output of the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit is an output of the power supply adjusting apparatus. The voltage adjustment controlling unit determines and outputs an adjustment control signal with respect to the output voltage according to the expected output voltage and a tracked signal provided by the powered apparatus. No isolation is needed in the voltage adjustment controlling unit. The solution provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure overcomes the weaknesses induced by the isolation in the voltage adjusting circuit so that real-time voltage adjustment is realized.
The specific implementation of each unit of the power supply adjusting apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the power supply adjusting apparatus includes a primary isolating converting unit, adapted to convert the voltage or current of an input power supply signal to obtain a power supply signal that has a preset voltage or current intensity (possibly an intermediate voltage or an intermediate current source).
In practice, the primary isolation converting unit may be an isolation converting unit or a cascade isolation converting unit capable of primary adjustment control. The isolation converting unit is adapted to convert the voltage or current of the input power supply signal and may be of a half-bridge isolation conversion structure, a forward isolation conversion structure or a full-bridge isolation conversion structure; the primary adjustment controlling unit is adapted to control the primary isolation converting unit to output a power supply signal that has the preset voltage or current intensity and may adopt feed forward control, feedback control, open-loop control and/or cascade composite control.
In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the voltage adjustment controlling unit may determine and output an adjustment control signal with respect to the output voltage according to the output voltage and the tracked signal provided by the powered apparatus. The voltage adjustment controlling unit includes a sampling unit, a tracked signal sampling unit, a voltage reference and loop compensation unit and a secondary PWM controller IC and driving unit.
The sampling unit is adapted to: monitor and obtain a variation of the output voltage and output the variation to the voltage reference and loop compensation unit.
The tracked signal sampling unit is adapted to: monitor and obtain the tracked signal outputted by the powered apparatus and output the signal to the voltage reference and loop compensation unit; the tracked signal sampling unit further includes a tracked signal generating unit, a tracked signal receiving unit and a tracked signal processing and converting unit. The tracked signal generating unit is adapted to generate the tracked signal according to the service status of the powered apparatus; the tracked signal receiving unit is adapted to receive the tracked signal generated by the tracked signal generating unit and output the signal to the tracked signal processing and converting unit; and the tracked signal processing and converting unit is adapted to convert the tracked signal outputted by the tracked signal receiving unit to obtain the tracked signal and output the signal to the voltage reference and loop compensation unit. The tracked signal obtained by the tracked signal processing and converting unit matches the secondary PWM controller IC and driving unit.
The voltage reference and loop compensation unit is adapted to: determine an adjustment control signal according to the output of the sampling unit and the output of the tracked signal sampling unit and output the signal to the secondary PWM controller IC and driving unit.
The secondary PWM controller IC and driving unit is adapted to output a PWM signal according to the adjustment control signal received from the voltage reference and loop compensation unit, where the PWM signal is used to adjust the output voltage of the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit.
In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the power supply adjusting apparatus includes a secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit which is connected to the output of the power supply and adapted to adjust the power supply signal outputted by the primary isolation converting unit according to the adjustment control signal outputted by the voltage adjustment controlling unit to obtain and output the output voltage required by the powered apparatus. The secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit may be of a buck non-isolation structure, a boost non-isolation structure, a buck-boost non-isolation structure, a multiphase interleaving buck non-isolation structure or an H-bridge structure, or a multiphase H-bridge structure.
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below.
As shown in
A secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 203 is adapted to receive an external tracked signal 213 and implement real-time adjustment of the output voltage via non-isolation real-time PWM. The secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 203 may take on a buck non-isolation structure, a boost non-isolation structure, a buck-boost non-isolation structure, a multiphase interleaving buck non-isolation structure or an H-bridge structure, or a multiphase H-bridge structure depending on the value of the intermediate voltage 202 and the required secondary output voltage range. According to the required power supply bandwidth and voltage adjustment speed, the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 203 may adopt policies including but not limited to multiphase parallelism and nonlinear control (such as hysteresis loop control) to optimize the dynamic bandwidth of the real-time adjusted power supply.
Herein, the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 203 adopting buck conversion with real-time PWM and the working principle is taken as an example: a variation of the output voltage Vo is sent by a sampling unit 212 to a voltage reference and loop compensation unit 211 (similar to the voltage reference and loop compensation unit 104 in
The power supply adjusting apparatus shown in
In practicing the first and the second embodiments, the secondary PWM controller IC in
The power supply adjusting apparatus with the above improved structure is applicable to the dynamic voltage adjustment for a powered radio apparatus in the communication field. Isolation conversion and real-time tracking and adjustment are separately implemented via a two-stage structure of the power supply so that power supply is easier to implement and that real-time dynamic voltage adjustment can be realized more quickly.
The power supply adjusting apparatus shown in
As shown in
A secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 403 receives an external tracked signal 413 and implements real-time dynamic adjustment of the output voltage Vo by charge and discharge control of the output capacitor C1 via an H-bridge network made up of Q8 to Q11. The secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 403 may take on a buck non-isolation structure, a boost non-isolation structure, a buck-boost non-isolation structure, a multiphase interleaving buck non-isolation structure or an H-bridge structure, or a multiphase H-bridge structure, or any other similar non-isolation structure, depending on the value of the intermediate current source 402 and the required secondary output voltage range. According to the required power supply bandwidth and voltage adjustment speed, the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 403 may adopt policies including but not limited to multiple current source parallelism with separate phase supply and nonlinear control (such as hysteresis loop control) to optimize the dynamic bandwidth of the real-time adjusted power supply.
Herein, the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 403 adopts H-bridge conversion with real-time PWM and the working principle is like this: a variation of the output voltage Vo is sent by a sampling unit 412 to a voltage reference and loop compensation unit 411 (similar to the voltage reference and loop compensation unit 104 in
In this embodiment, the secondary PWM controller IC may be a digital controller such as a DSP, an MCU, and an ASIC. The secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit 403 may use some optimized loop digital control policies (such as adaptive PID control and one-cycle control) to further improve the efficiency and the comprehensive bandwidth performance of the adjustable power supply.
In this embodiment, the structure improved power supply system is applicable to the dynamic voltage adjustment for a powered radio apparatus in the communication field. An isolation converted current source is generated separately to control the charge and discharge of the output capacitor in real time so as to implement real-time tracking and adjustment and further implement fast real-time dynamic voltage adjustment.
The power supply adjusting apparatus shown in
The solution in the foregoing embodiments can be applied, without limitation, to fast voltage adjustment scenarios, such as TT or slow ET power amplification scenarios. For faster voltage adjustment scenarios, such as a scenario with faster ET or EER power amplification, the apparatus further includes a tracked signal frequency division processing unit and a precise tracked voltage correcting unit.
The tracked signal frequency division processing unit is adapted to divide the received tracked signal into a high frequency signal and a low frequency signal according to a preset policy, where the low frequency signal is sent to the voltage adjustment controlling unit.
The precise tracked voltage correcting unit is adapted to: adjust the voltage outputted by the voltage adjustment controlling unit according to the high frequency signal outputted by the tracked signal frequency division processing unit and output the adjusted voltage.
The solutions of the present disclosure are further explained with reference to exemplary embodiments.
As shown in
The efficient adjustable voltage converting unit 603 in
In
The correcting method is shown in
It should be understood that the target high precision variable output curve 611 does not need to be exactly the same as the input reference tracked voltage curve 601. There is probably a deviation between them. Therefore, the target high precision variable output curve 611 may probably be based on or derived from the input reference tracked voltage curve 601 (which is exemplary only; the curve is not limited to this voltage curve), and
The five rough voltages V1 to V5 in
In practice, the tracked signal frequency band required by the primary and secondary circuits should be allocated according to specific requirements and allow for comprehensive optimal performance of high-efficiency and high-precision fast tracking.
In this embodiment, the voltage adjustment controlling unit is placed in a powered apparatus and implemented by a core processing unit of the powered apparatus, which outputs a voltage to the primary isolation converting unit and/or secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit. The powered apparatus also includes an adjustment requesting unit, adapted to receive an output power supply voltage signal and output an expected voltage adjustment parameter to the core processing unit.
The specific implementation is as follows.
Herein, a feed forward network 803 provides feed forward control, which simply means adjusting the duty ratio of a PWM pulse outputted by the controller IC by detecting changes in the input power supply of the power supply converter, so as to adjust the output voltage. This is a rough adjustment and the precision of the output voltage is hard to control.
A feedback network 804 provides feedback control and is often applied to scenarios requiring stable output voltages. When voltage adjustment is implemented, the voltage reference of its comparer may be changed so that the duty ratio of the PWM pulse outputted by the controller IC is adjusted after error amplification and compensation and thus the output voltage is adjusted. Optionally, the output voltage may be fed back to the tracked signal generating unit to create a closed loop so as to achieve more precise control of the output voltage.
In addition, in the solutions provided by the first to sixth embodiments of the present disclosure, the primary isolation converting unit may be an independent power supply converting unit, or the intermediate voltage or intermediate current source may be obtained directly from the primary AC/DC conversion of the system and then an independent secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit implements fast voltage adjustment. The specific embodiments are as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
When the system needs multiple real-time dynamic adjusted power supplies and it is necessary to use different reference tracked signals for different adjustment requesting units, the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit (may be a secondary DC/DC real-time adjusting and converting unit) must be split into multiple such units to serve the respective adjustment requesting units, while the primary isolation converting unit is still one. Solutions for a derivative power supply converting unit with multiple adjustable outputs are as follows:
5. In the solution shown in
6. In the solution shown in
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus further includes a current source switching unit, adapted to: receive multiple current source signals outputted by the primary isolation converting unit and choose one power supply signal according to the tracked signal or the adjustment control signal outputted by the voltage adjustment controlling unit, and output the power supply signal to the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit. For example, when the system requires multiple real-time dynamically adjusted power supplies, the primary isolation converting unit (for example, an isolation DC/DC current source converter) may be multiple output current sources, as shown in
An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a power supply isolating apparatus, including a primary isolation converting unit and a power supply signal outputting unit.
The primary isolation converting unit is adapted to: convert the voltage or current intensity of an input power supply signal and output a power supply signal that meets the expected voltage or current requirement; the primary isolation converting unit may take on a half-bridge isolation conversion structure, a forward isolation conversion structure or a full-bridge isolation conversion structure.
The power supply signal outputting unit is adapted to send the power supply signal obtained by the primary isolation converting unit to a non-isolation adjusting and converting apparatus.
The power supply isolating apparatus may connect a primary adjustment controlling unit to create a cascade composite structure. The primary adjustment controlling unit may adopt feed forward control, feedback control, full open loop control or cascade composite control and be adapted to control the primary isolation converting unit to output a power supply signal that meets the expected voltage or current requirement.
An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a non-isolation adjusting and converting apparatus, including a power supply signal receiving unit and a secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit.
The power supply signal receiving unit is adapted to receive the power supply signal outputted by the power supply isolating apparatus.
The secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit is adapted to: adjust and convert the power supply signal received by the power supply signal receiving unit from the power supply isolating apparatus to obtain and output a processed power supply voltage; depending on the received voltage or current signal, the secondary non-isolation adjusting and converting unit may take on different structures including but not limited to: buck non-isolation structure, boost non-isolation structure, buck-boost non-isolation structure, multiphase interleaving buck non-isolation structure or H-bridge structure, and multiphase H-bridge structure.
To sum up, the embodiments of the present disclosure introduce a primary current source voltage adjustment or cascade linear correction structure to achieve a higher bandwidth voltage adjusted power supply. The solution offers the following benefits:
1. The solution overcomes the power supply bandwidth limitation of an existing PA. With non-isolation conversion to fulfill real-time adjustment, the solution implements efficient high bandwidth TT and slow ET PA power supply without the participation of the optical coupler and the isolation transformer.
2. The primary voltage-based isolation converting unit may be changed into a current source structure and the secondary non-isolation part may include voltage feedback control to directly control the primary current source in real time so as to realize the eventual real-time voltage adjustment and implement efficient high bandwidth TT and slow ET PA power supply.
3. The solution combines high bandwidth PWM switch adjustment and linear correction. The high bandwidth PWM switch adjusted power supply generates a rough intermediate voltage that is slightly higher than the target tracked voltage and then the cascade linear correction generates a precise tracked voltage so as to implement more efficient high bandwidth TT/ET PA power supply.
4. To avoid impacts of the delay in transferring the adjustment signal between the PA unit and the power supply unit, a power supply control algorithm is embedded in the PA system for direct adjustment control of the power supply so that power supply voltage adjustment is faster and more efficient.
Although the disclosure has been described through several exemplary embodiments, the disclosure is not limited to such embodiments. It is apparent that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. The disclosure is intended to cover the modifications and variations provided that they fall in the scope of protection defined by the following claims or their equivalents.
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