A display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, signal lines, sub-pixels, and at least one thickness adjusting layer. The second substrate is disposed above the first substrate and has a transparent electrode layer thereon. The signal lines are disposed on the first substrate. The sub-pixels are arranged between the first and second substrates. The sub-pixels are electrically connected with the signal lines, and parts of them have at least one transparent area and at least one reflective area. The transparent area has a transparent electrode therein, and the reflective area has a reflective electrode therein, respectively. The thickness adjusting layer is disposed above the reflective electrode and located at the reflective area of the part of the sub-pixels.
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1. A display panel, comprising:
a first substrate;
a second substrate, disposed above the first substrate and having a transparent electrode layer thereon;
a plurality of signal lines, disposed on the first substrate;
a plurality of sub-pixels, disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and electrically connected to the plurality of signal lines, wherein parts of the plurality of sub-pixels have at least one transparent area and at least one reflective area, and the transparent area has a transparent electrode therein while the reflective area has a reflective electrode therein, wherein the edge of the transparent electrode and the edge of the reflective electrode at a connection part of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode are entirely covered to form a pixel electrode;
at least one common electrode line disposed on the first substrate, wherein the at least one common electrode line is overlapped with an edge of the transparent electrode and an edge of the reflective electrode at the connection part of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode;
at least one thickness adjusting layer, disposed above the reflective electrode and located within the reflective area of the parts of the sub-pixels; and
a liquid crystal layer, disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
10. A method of manufacturing a display panel, comprising:
providing a first substrate;
providing second substrate, disposed above the first substrate and having a transparent electrode layer thereon;
disposing a plurality of signal lines on the first substrate;
providing a plurality of sub-pixels, arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the plurality of sub-pixels is electrically connected to the plurality of signal lines, and parts of the plurality of sub-pixels have at least one transparent area and at least one reflective area, and the transparent area has a transparent electrode therein while the reflective area has a reflective electrode therein, wherein the edge of the transparent electrode and the edge of the reflective electrode at a connection part of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode are entirely covered to form a pixel electrode;
disposing at least one common electrode line on the first substrate, wherein the at least one common electrode line is overlapped with an edge of the transparent electrode and an edge of the reflective electrode at the connection part of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode;
disposing at least one thickness adjusting layer above the reflective electrode and located within the reflective area of the parts of the sub-pixels; and
disposing a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate.
2. The display panel of
3. The display panel of
4. The display panel of
5. The display panel of
6. The display panel of
7. The display panel of
8. The display panel of
11. The method of
14. The method of
15. The method of
16. The method of
17. The method of
18. The method of
19. A method of manufacturing an electro-optical apparatus, comprising the method of the display panel of
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This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 98104174, filed on Feb. 10, 2009. The entirety of the above-mentioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of specification.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a display panel, an electro-optical apparatus, and methods for manufacturing the same and, more particularly, relates to a display panel having a transflective pixel structure, an electro-optical apparatus, and methods for manufacturing the same.
2. Description of Related Art
Thin film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCDs) are generally classified into three major types, namely, the transmissive type, the reflective type, and the transflective type. This classification is based on the light sources utilized and the design of the array substrate. Generally, the transmissive TFT-LCD mainly utilizes a backlight as the light source. The pixel electrodes on the TFT array substrate are transparent electrodes for facilitating the transmittance of light from the backlight source. The reflective TFT-LCD mainly employs a front-light or an ambient light (environment light) as the light source. The pixel electrodes on the TFT array substrate are metal electrodes or other reflective electrodes with good reflectivity suitable for reflecting the lights from the front-light source or the ambient light source. On the other hand, the transflective TFT-LCD can be regarded as a structure that integrates both the transmissive TFT-LCD and the reflective TFT-LCD. The transflective TFT-LCD can utilize both a backlight source and a front-light source or an ambient light source simultaneously as the light source to display.
In the conventional transflective multi-domain vertical alignment LCD, the color filter substrate is only disposed with a plurality of alignment protrusions and not with other film layers or devices. Moreover, the alignment protrusions are distributed above the reflective electrode and the transparent electrode on the TFT array substrate. Usually, in the same sub-pixel, a main slit is designed between the reflective electrode and the transparent electrode. That is, a gap is present between the reflective electrode and the transparent electrode, so as to let the reflective electrode and the transparent electrode separating from one another with the goal of tilting the LC molecules, which locate at the edges of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode, toward the alignment protrusions. It should be illustrated that the entire edge of the transparent electrode and that of the adjacent reflective electrode within the same sub-pixel do not have a connection part, so a gap is present between the transparent electrode and the adjacent reflective electrode. In other words, the shapes of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode within the same sub-pixel correspond to the shapes of the areas T and R. Thus, a gap is present between the entire edges of the adjacent transparent electrode and the adjacent reflective electrode, and also the entire edges of the reflective electrode and the adjacent transparent electrode. Being disposed between the reflective electrode and the transparent electrode, the main slits can alter the electric field distribution, so as to tilt the LC molecules toward the alignment protrusions for achieving the wide viewing angle effect. Moreover, a connection electrode is also present between the reflective electrode and the transparent electrode within the same sub-pixel. The connection electrode merely shields or locates at a slight part, which is approximately less than 10%, of the main slits to electrically connect the reflective electrode with the transparent electrode. The connection electrode can be of the same electrode material as the reflective electrode or the transparent electrode. At this time, a gap is still present between the reflective electrode and the adjacent transparent electrode within the same sub-pixel. In addition, in two adjacent sub-pixels, a gap or a space is present between the transparent electrode of one sub-pixel and the reflective electrode of another sub-pixel, so that the electrodes aforementioned are separated.
In the transflective multi-domain vertical alignment LCD, the design of the main slits between the reflective electrode and transparent electrode and the alignment protrusions correspondingly disposed above the transparent electrode can alter the electric field in the neighboring LC layer. Thus, the LC molecules are not tilting toward the expected alignment direction. However, the presence of the main slits and the alignment protrusions correspondingly disposed above the transparent electrodes also results in loss in the LCD aperture ratio.
The present invention provides a display panel for solving the problem of loss in LCD aperture ratio due to the presence of main slits and alignment protrusions in traditional transflective multi-domain vertical alignment LCDs.
The present invention further provides a method of manufacturing a display panel for producing the display panel aforementioned.
The present invention further provides an electro-optical apparatus including the aforesaid display panel.
The present invention further provides a method of manufacturing the aforesaid electro-optical apparatus.
The present invention provides a display panel, which includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a plurality of signal lines, a plurality of sub-pixels, at least one thickness adjusting layer, and an LC layer. The second substrate is disposed above the first substrate and has a transparent electrode layer thereon. The signal lines are disposed on the first substrate. The sub-pixels are arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. The sub-pixels are electrically connected to the signal lines, and parts of the sub-pixels have at least one transparent area and at least one reflective area. The transparent area has a transparent electrode therein and the reflective area has a reflective electrode therein. The edge of the transparent electrode and the edge of the reflective electrode at a connection part of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode are covered entirely to form a pixel electrode. The thickness adjusting layer is disposed above the reflective electrode and located within the reflective area of the part of the sub-pixels. The LC layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a display panel. Firstly, a first substrate and a second substrate are provided. The second substrate is disposed above the first substrate and has a transparent electrode layer thereon. Next, a plurality of signal lines is disposed on the first substrate, and a plurality of sub-pixels is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. The sub-pixels are electrically connected to the signal lines, and parts of the sub-pixels have at least one transparent area and at least one reflective area. The transparent area has a transparent electrode therein and the reflective area has a reflective electrode therein. The edge of the transparent electrode and the edge of the reflective electrode at a connection part of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode are covered entirely to form a pixel electrode. At least one thickness adjusting layer is disposed above the reflective electrode and located within the reflective area of the part of the sub-pixels. Thereafter, an LC layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
The present invention provides a method of manufacturing an electro-optical apparatus, and the method includes the method of manufacturing the display panel as described above.
The present invention further provides an electro-optical apparatus including the aforesaid display panel.
In light of the foregoing, in the sub-pixels applied in the display panel of the present invention, the edge of the transparent electrode and the edge of the reflective electrode at the connection part of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode are entirely covered. Therefore, the connection part does not have the main slits. Consequently, the present invention has a higher aperture ratio in comparison to those of the conventional display panels. Moreover, the thickness adjusting layer of the present invention is located above the reflective electrode or located above the reflective electrode and extends to the edge of a part of the transparent electrode, which is adjacent to the reflective electrode in the same sub-pixel. The thickness adjusting layer also has the function of having alignment patterns. Hence, the present invention does not require the disposition of the alignment patterns (such as alignment protrusions) on the second substrate. As a result, the aperture ratio of the display panel can be increased.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, several embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In detail, the pixel array substrate 270 includes a substrate 100, a plurality of signal lines 250, a plurality of common electrode lines COM, and a plurality of sub-pixels 220 comprising a plurality of active devices 170. The signal lines 250 are disposed on the substrate 100, and are data lines DL or scan lines SL, for example. The sub-pixels 220 are arranged between the substrate 100 and the color filter substrate 280, and connected to the signal lines 250.
In the present embodiment, the material of the substrate 100 includes inorganic transparent material (i.e. glass, quartz, other suitable materials, or a combination thereof), organic transparent material (i.e. polyalkene, polyalcohol, polyester, rubber, thermoplastic polymer, thermosetting polymer, polyaromatic, polymethylmethacrylate, polycarbonate, other suitable materials, derivatives thereof, or a combination thereof), inorganic opaque material (i.e. silica sheet, ceramic, other suitable materials, or a combination thereof), or a combination thereof.
The active device 170 is electrically connected to the signal lines 250. In the present embodiment, the active device 170 can be a top-gate TFT, a bottom-gate TFT, or other suitable TFTs.
Moreover, a protection layer 180 is formed on the active device 170 and has a contact opening H which exposes the active device 170. Preferably, a plurality of protrusion patterns (such as bumps) 180P are formed on parts of surface of the protection layer 180, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the protrusion patterns 180P may not be formed on surface of the protection layer 180. Thereafter, structures similar to the protrusion patterns 180P can be generated by each film layer when manufacturing the pixel array substrate 270. The protrusion patterns 180P on the protection layer 180 in a reflective area R described in the present embodiment is used as an exemplification to illustrate in further detail. On the other hand, the protection layer 180 in a transparent area T does not have the design of the protrusion patterns 180P. Through the protection of the protection layer 180, the active device 170 is prevented from moisture invasion that affects device characteristics. In the present embodiment, the protection layer 180 can be a single layer or a multi-layer structure, and the material thereof is organic material (i.e. photoresist, benzocyclobutene, cycloalkene, polyimide, polyamide, polyester, polyalcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyphenylene, resin, polyether, polyketone, or other suitable materials), inorganic materials (i.e. silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, other suitable materials, or a combination thereof), or a combination thereof.
Referring to
In detail, gaps are not present between the transparent electrode 190b and the reflective electrode 190a of the pixel electrode 190 within the same sub-pixel. Also, according to the differences in the manufacturing process, the connection part of the transparent electrode 190b and the reflective electrode 190a may be partially overlapped in the same sub-pixel. For example, the reflective electrode 190a is on the top and overlaps with a part of the transparent electrode 190b on the bottom in the same sub-pixel. Similarly, the transparent electrode 190b can be on the top and overlaps with a part of the reflective electrode 190a on the bottom in the same sub-pixel. In addition, in two adjacent different sub-pixels, a gap is present between the transparent electrode of one sub-pixel and the reflective electrode of the other sub-pixel, so that the electrodes aforementioned are not connected or are separated. For instance, the transparent electrode of the last sub-pixel and the reflective electrode of the next sub-pixel are not connected. Similarly, the transparent electrode of the next sub-pixel (such as the nth sub-pixel) and the reflective electrode of the bis next sub-pixel (such as the (n+1)th sub-pixel) are not connected. Moreover, a part of the common electrode line COM is located at the connection part of the transparent area T and the reflective area R, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the common electrode line COM can be optionally applied or not applied based on the demand of design.
In the present embodiment, the material of the reflective electrode 190a can be aluminum, aluminum alloy, silver, or other metals with high reflectivity. Here, the material can be a single layer or a multi-layer structure. The transparent electrode 190b can be a single layer or a multi-layer structure. In addition, the material thereof can be fabricated with transparent conductive material, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, cadmium tin oxide, cadmium zinc oxide, or a combination thereof.
As illustrated in
Generally, the extending direction of the alignment slits S and the extending direction of the common electrode line COM in every alignment area all have the same included angle. Therefore, the same displaying effect and displaying angles of similar scopes can be obtained in every observing direction. More particularly, in the design of the display panel 200, the extending direction of the alignment slits S can be adjusted so as to tilt the LC molecules toward these specific directions for obtaining a larger viewing angle in these directions. In addition, the extending direction and the number of the alignment slits S, and the included angle with the extending direction of the common electrode line COM do not limit the present invention.
Referring to
In the present embodiment, the material of the substrate 210 includes inorganic transparent material (i.e. glass, quartz, other suitable materials, or a combination thereof), organic transparent material (i.e. polyalkene, polyalcohol, polyester, rubber, thermoplastic polymer, thermosetting polymer, polyaromatic, polymethylmethacrylate, polycarbonate, other suitable materials, derivatives thereof, or a combination thereof), inorganic opaque material (i.e. silica sheet, ceramic, other suitable materials, or a combination thereof), or a combination thereof.
The color filter layer 211 is assembled by, for example, a plurality of red filter patterns (R), a plurality of green filter patterns (G), a plurality of blue filter patterns (B), and light shielding patterns (not shown) located between each sub-pixels. In other embodiments, other color filter patterns on the chromaticity diagram may also be utilized. Moreover, the color filter patterns to be represented at one time may include three, four, five, six, or other suitable numbers to attain a performance with better chroma performance. The formation of the color filter layer 211 is to, for example, form patterned red photoresist layer (not shown), green photoresist layer (not shown), blue photoresist layer (not shown) sequentially in different sub-pixel areas through steps such as the spin coating process and the baking process. Thereafter, the light shielding pattern is formed. On the other hand, the light shielding pattern may be firstly formed, and followed by the formation of the red, green, blue photoresist layers. Obviously, the color filtering layer 211 can be formed by inkjet printing or other applicable methods in other embodiments.
Furthermore, in other embodiments, the color filter layer 211 can also be formed on the substrate 100. For instance, the color filter layer 211 is disposed between the electrodes 190a, 190b, and a pixel array (not shown). In other words, the color filter layer 211 is directly integrated on the pixel array (color filter on array, COA). Here, the pixel array represents the film layer required to form the active devices 170. Additionally, the color filter layer 211 can also be disposed below the pixel array (not shown). That is, the pixel array is above the color filter layer 211 (array on color filter, AOC). Thus, the color filter layer 211 is disposed between the liquid crystal layer 260 and the substrate 100.
The planar layer 212 can be a single layer or a multi-layer structure, and has the material of polyalcohol, resin, polyester, or other suitable materials. Thereafter, a thickness adjusting layer 240 is disposed above the planar layer 212. The thickness adjusting layer 240 is correspondingly disposed in the reflective area R of the sub-pixel after the substrate structure 100 and 210 have been assembled. In the present embodiment, the thickness adjusting layer 240 can be a single layer or a multi-layer structure, and the material thereof includes photoresist, benzocyclobutene, cycloalkene, polyimide, polyamide, polyester, polyalcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyphenylene, resin, polyether, polyketone, other suitable materials, or a combination thereof.
The transparent electrode layer 230 can be a single layer or a multi-layer structure. In addition, the material thereof can be fabricated with transparent conductive material, for example, ITO, IZO, ITZO, hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, cadmium tin oxide, cadmium zinc oxide, or a combination thereof.
Upon completion of the manufacture of the pixel array substrate 270 and color filter substrate 280, the LC material is injected between the two substrates 270 and 280 for forming the LC layer 260 to complete the display panel 200 illustrated in
It should be noted that the thickness adjusting layer 240 is located above the reflective electrode 190a of the reflective area R in the same sub-pixel, or above the reflective electrode 190a and extends to a part of the edge of the transparent electrode 190b that is adjacent to the reflective electrode 190a in the same sub-pixel. The presence of the thickness adjusting layer 240 in the reflective area R causes the electric fields in the reflective area R and the transparent area T to be different. Consequently, the cooperation of the different electric fields and the alignment slits S on the transparent electrode layer 230 of the transparent area T causes the LC molecules in the LC layer 260 can be arranged in many directions to obtain multiple alignment fields.
For example,
In addition, if the thickness adjusting layer 240b is disposed on the reflective electrode 190a, then one embodiment of the color filter layer 211 of the LCD panel 200b is to dispose the color filter layer 211 on the substrate 210.
As illustrated in
Several examples are listed below to illustrate the relationship of the thickness D1 of the thickness adjusting layer of the display panel and the thickness Dr of the LC layer in the reflective area. It should be noted that the data listed in Table 1 to Table 4 respectively correspond to curve diagrams in
TABLE 1
D1/Dr
0.0%
14.3%
16.7%
20.0%
25.0%
33.3%
D1 (μm)
0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Dr (μm)
3.5
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
In Table 1, D1/Dr represents the ratio of the thickness D1 of the thickness adjusting layer 240 and the cell-gap Dr of the LC layer in the reflective area R. The thickness D1 of the thickness adjusting layer 240 and the cell-gap Dr of the LC layer in the reflective area R are in units of micrometer.
Similarly,
TABLE 2
D1/Dr
0.0%
28.6%
33.3%
40.0%
50.0%
D1(μm)
0
1
1
1
1
Dr(μm)
3.5
3.5
3
2.5
2
As illustrated in
TABLE 3
D1/Dr
0.0%
37.5%
42.9%
50.0%
60.0%
75%
D1 (μm)
0
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
Dr (μm)
3.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
As illustrated in
TABLE 4
D1/Dr
0.0%
44.4%
50.0%
57.1%
66.7%
80.0%
D1 (μm)
0
2
2
2
2
2
Dr (μm)
3.5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
As illustrated in
In light of the foregoing, it is illustrated that D1+Dr is similar to the thickness of the LC layer in the transparent area, that is, the cell-gap. If the cell gap equals to D, then the value of D can be varied according to the demands in design. For instance, in order to accelerate the response time, the D value is decreased. On the contrary, the response time is decelerated. Moreover, the D value is substantially greater than D1 and Dr. Normally, the D value is usually smaller or equal to about 10 μm and greater than 0 μm. The commonly used D value is usually smaller or equal to about 7 μm and greater than 0 μm. The current used D value is usually smaller or equal to about 4 μm and greater than 0 μm. In addition, D1 and Dr are both positive natural numbers that are greater than zero. As D1 substantially increases, Dr substantially decreases. Alternatively, when D1 substantially decreases, Dr substantially increases. However, under certain specific conditions, D1 substantially equals to Dr. Therefore, as shown in
TABLE 5
D1(μm)
Dr(μm)
0.5
1
1.5
2
4.5
Most
suitable
4
Most
Most
suitable
suitable
3.5
Most
Most
suitable
suitable
3
Most
Most
suitable
suitable
2.5
Most
suitable
2
Therefore, by cooperating the thickness D1 of the thickness adjusting layer and the cell-gap Dr of the LC layer in the reflective area, the phase retardation of the lights from the front light source or the external light source (ambient light source or environment light source) which are reflected by the reflective area R can be adjusted. Hence, the display quality of the transflective LCD panel is further improved.
Moreover, the electronic device 410 includes a control device, an operating device, a treatment device, an input device, a memory device, a driving device, a light emitting device, a protection device, a sensing device, a detecting device, other devices having other functions, or a combination thereof. The electro-optical apparatus 400 includes a portable product (e.g. a mobile phone, a camcorder, a camera, a laptop computer, a game player, a watch, a music player, an e-mail receiver and sender, a map navigator, a digital picture, or the like), an audio-video product (e.g. an audio-video player or the like), a screen, a television, a bulletin, a panel in a projector, and so on.
In light of the foregoing, in the sub-pixels applied in the display panel of the present invention, the edge of the transparent electrode and the edge of the reflective electrode at the connection part of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode are entirely covered. Therefore, the connection part does not have the design of main slits. As a consequence, the present invention has a higher aperture ratio in comparison to those of the conventional display panels. It should be noted that the edge of the transparent electrode and the edge of the reflective electrode are entirely covered represents that the entire edge of the transparent electrode covers the entire edge of the reflective electrode in the same sub-pixel, or the entire edge of the reflective electrode covers the entire edge of the transparent electrode in the same sub-pixel. If the manufacturing condition (i.e. the photolithographic and etching process) is well controlled, the entire edge of the transparent electrode then contacts the entire edge of the reflective electrode completely in the same sub-pixel. As a result, no gap is present between the electrodes (transparent and reflective electrodes) in the same sub-pixel, and the foresaid situation is included in the scope of the present invention. In other words, shapes of the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode correspond to shapes of the areas T and R in the same sub-pixel. The width of the transparent electrode and the width of the reflective electrode are contacted completely or covered entirely in the same sub-pixel.
Moreover, the thickness adjusting layer of the present invention covers on the reflective electrode or covers on reflective electrode and extends to the edge of a part of the transparent electrode, which is adjacent to the reflective electrode in the same sub-pixel. The thickness adjusting layer also has the function of having alignment patterns (such as alignment protrusions). Hence, the alignment protrusions do not need to be disposed on the second substrate above the transparent electrode and the reflective electrode in the present invention. As a result, the aperture ratio of the display panel can be increased.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it will be apparent to one of the ordinary skill in the art that modifications to the described embodiment may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention will be defined by the attached claims not by the above detailed descriptions.
Hu, Chih-Jen, Fan Jiang, Shih-Chyuan, Kuo, Yu-Ping
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