An exemplary electronic device includes a first display and a second display. The first display includes a number of first pixels. Each first pixel defines a first display region. Each first display region displays first visual content when voltages are applied to the first pixel and displays no first visual content when no voltage is applied to the first pixel. Each first display region is transparent or translucent when displaying no first visual content. The second display includes a number of second pixels. Each second pixel defines a second display region for displaying second visual content. The first visual content is viewable whether or not the second display displays the second visual content, and the second visual content is viewable when one or more first display regions corresponding to the second display region are transparent or translucent.
|
1. An electronic device, comprising:
a first display configured to display first visual content, the first display comprising a plurality of first pixels, each first pixel defining a first display region, each first display region displaying the first visual content when voltages are applied to a corresponding first pixel and no first visual content being displayed by the first display region when no voltage is applied to the corresponding first pixel, and each first display region being transparent or translucent when no first visual content is displayed;
a second display stacked with the first display, comprising a plurality of second pixels and configured to display second visual content, and each second pixel defining a second display region;
wherein the first display is a different type than the second display, the first visual content displayed by the first display is viewable by a user whether or not the second visual content is displayed by the second display, and when one or more first display regions are transparent or translucent, the second visual content displayed by corresponding second display regions is viewable via the transparent or translucent first display regions by the user; and
wherein the first display and the second display comprise a joint source driver or a joint gate driver at least, the joint source driver generates a plurality of first data signals and a plurality of second data signals and separately outputs the first data signals to the first display and the second data signals to the second display; the joint gate driver generates a plurality of scanning signals and outputs the plurality of scanning signals to the first and second displays.
18. An electronic device, comprising:
a first display configured to display first visual content, the first display comprising a plurality of first pixels, each first pixel defining a first display region, each first display region displaying the first visual content when voltages are applied to a corresponding first pixel and no first visual content being displayed by the first display region when no voltage is applied to the corresponding first pixel, and each first display region being transparent or translucent when no first visual content is displayed;
a second display stacked with the first display, comprising a plurality of second pixels and configured to display second visual content, and each second pixel defining a second display region;
wherein the first display is a different type than the second display, the first visual content displayed by the first display is viewable by a user whether or not the second visual content is displayed by the second display, and when one or more first display regions are transparent or translucent, the second visual content displayed by corresponding second display regions is viewable via the transparent or translucent first display regions by the user; and
wherein the first display and the second display comprises a joint source driver, the first display further comprises a first gate driver, a plurality of first gate lines, and a plurality of first switches, each first pixel comprises a first pixel electrode, each first switch comprises a control end, a first conductive end and a second conductive end, the control ends of the first switches are connected to the first gate driver via the plurality of first gate lines, the first conductive ends of the first switches are connected to the source driver via the plurality of first data lines, and the second conductive ends of the first switches are respectively connected to the first pixel electrodes; wherein the second display further comprises a second gate driver, a plurality of second g ate lines, a plurality of first data lines, a plurality of second data lines, and a plurality of second switches, each second pixel comprises a second pixel electrode, each second switch comprises a control end, a first conductive end and a second conductive end, the control ends of the second switches are connected to the second gate driver via the plurality of second gate lines, the first conductive ends of the second switches are connected to the source driver via the plurality of second data lines, and the second conductive ends of the second switches are respectively connected to the second pixel electrodes; wherein the joint source driver generates a plurality of first data signals and a plurality of second data signals and separately outputs the first data signals and the second data signals, the first gate driver generates a plurality of first scanning signals, the second gate driver generates a plurality of second scanning signals, the control ends of the first switches receive the first scanning signals, the control ends of the second switches receive the second scanning signals, the first conductive ends of the first switches receive the first data signals and output the received first data signals to the first pixel electrodes when the control ends of the first switches are activated by the first scanning signals, and the first conductive ends of the second switches receive the second data signals and output the received second data signals to the second pixel electrodes when the control ends of the second switches are activated by the second scanning signals.
19. An electronic device, comprising:
a first display configured to display first visual content, the first display comprising a plurality of first pixels, each first pixel defining a first display region, each first display region displaying the first visual content when voltages are applied to a corresponding first pixel and no first visual content being displayed by the first display region when no voltage is applied to the corresponding first pixel, and each first display region being transparent or translucent when no first visual content is displayed;
a second display stacked with the first display, comprising a plurality of second pixels and configured to display second visual content, and each second pixel defining a second display region;
wherein the first display is a different type than the second display, the first visual content displayed by the first display is viewable by a user whether or not the second visual content is displayed by the second display, and when one or more first display regions are transparent or translucent, the second visual content displayed by corresponding second display regions is viewable via the transparent or translucent first display regions by the user; and
wherein the first display and the second display comprises a joint gate driver, the first display further comprises a first source driver, a plurality of first gate lines, a plurality of first data lines, and a plurality of first switches, each first pixel comprises a first pixel electrode, each first switch comprises a control end, a first conductive end and a second conductive end, the control ends of the first switches are connected to the plurality of first gate lines, the first conductive ends of the first switches are connected to the first source driver via the plurality of first data lines, and the second conductive ends of the first switches are respectively connected to the first pixel electrodes; wherein the second display comprises a second source driver, a plurality of second gate lines, a plurality of second data lines, and a plurality of second switches, each second pixel comprises a second pixel electrode, each second switch comprises a control end, a first conductive end and a second conductive end, the control ends of the second switches are connected to the gate driver via the plurality of second gate lines, the first conductive ends of the second switches are connected to the second source driver via the plurality of second data lines, the second conductive ends of the second switches are respectively connected to the second pixel electrodes; wherein the joint gate driver comprises a plurality of outputs, each output is connected to a first gate line and a second gate line, different outputs are connected to different first and second gate lines; wherein the first source driver generates a plurality of first data signals, the second source driver generates a plurality of second data signals, the gate driver generates a plurality of scanning signals and outputs the plurality of scanning signals to the first and second gate lines, the first and second switches connected to the same output of the gate driver via the corresponding first and second gate lines are simultaneously activated when the corresponding first and second gate lines receive a scanning signal, the first conductive ends of the first switches receive the first data signals and output the received first data signals to the first pixel electrodes when the control ends of the first switches are activated by the scanning signals, and the first conductive ends of the second switches receive the second data signals and output the received second data signals to the second pixel electrodes when the control ends of the second switches are activated by the scanning signals.
4. The electronic device of
5. The electronic device of
determine at least one feature of the first and second visual contents; and
selectively enable at least one of the electronic paper display and the organic light-emitting diode display, based on the at least one determined feature, to display the first visual content and/or the second visual content.
6. The electronic device of
distinguish the dynamic visual content having a rate of change above a threshold from the static visual content having a rate of change below the threshold;
selectively enable the electronic paper display to display the static visual content; and
selectively enable the organic light-emitting diode display to display the dynamic visual content.
7. The electronic device of
8. The electronic device of
9. The electronic device of
10. The electronic device of
11. The electronic device of
12. The electronic device of
13. The electronic device of
14. The electronic device of
15. The electronic device of
16. The electronic device of
17. The electronic device of
|
1. Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to display technology, particularly to, an electronic device including multiple displays.
2. Description of Related Art
Traditional electronic devices include a single display for outputting visual content. For example, a traditional electronic device may include an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display for outputting color visual content. In another example, a traditional device may include an electronic paper display for outputting black-and-white visual content using minimal power. The type of display included in a traditional electronic device is typically based on an assumption about the visual content it will most often display, because different types of displays may be optimal, in performance or efficiency, for different types of visual content. For example, an OLED display may be optimal for high-resolution or dynamic color content while an electronic paper display may be optimal for relatively static black-and-white content. However, a traditional device may display multiple types of visual content even though its display may only be optimal for a single type of visual content.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a means which can overcome the above-mentioned problems.
The components in the drawing are not necessarily drawn to scale, the emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure.
Reference will be made to the drawings to describe specific exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
Referring to
The first display 10 and the second display 20 are configured to display visual content. The first display 10 is a different type than the second display 20. The first display 10 may be a video display, which needs no extra light source to display the visual content, such as an OLED display, for example. The second display 20 may be a type which consumes minimal power when displaying visual content, such as an electronic paper display, for example. The first display 10 includes a plurality of first display regions 125 (shown in
The storage 72 stores the visual content and/or information related to the visual content such as the rate of change or color composition of the visual content. The control circuitry 71 is electrically connected to the first display 10 and the second display 20. The control circuitry 71 includes various processing circuits or processors operative to determine at least one feature of the visual content displayed by the first display 10 and the second display 20, and selectively enable at least one of the first display 10 and the second display 20, based on the at least one determined feature, to display the visual content.
For example, the control circuitry 71 is operative to distinguish the dynamic visual content having a rate of change above a predetermined threshold from the static visual content having a rate of change below or equal to the predetermined threshold, selectively enable the second display 20 to display static visual content and selectively enable the first display 10 to display dynamic visual content, so as to save power of the electronic device 100.
For simplicity, the visual content displayed by the first display 10 is called a first display content, and the display content displayed by the second display 20 is called a second display content.
Referring to
The control ends 141 of the first switches 14 are connected to the first gate driver 16 via the plurality of first gate lines G11˜G1M. The first conductive ends 142 of the first switches 14 are connected to the source driver 30 via the plurality of first data lines S11˜S1N. The second conductive ends 143 of the first switches 14 are respectively connected to the first pixel electrodes 121.
The second display 20 further includes a second gate driver 26, a plurality of second switches 24, a plurality of second pixels 22, a plurality of gate lines G21˜G2M, a plurality of source lines S21˜S2N crossing, but insulated from, the plurality of gate lines G21˜G2M. Each second switch 24 includes a control end 241, a second conductive end 242, and a second conductive end 243. The second switches 24 may be TFTs, for example. Accordingly, the control end 241 is a gate electrode, the second conductive end 242 is a source electrode, and the second conductive end 243 is a drain electrode. Each second pixel 22 includes a second pixel electrode 221 and a second common electrode 223 opposite to the second pixel electrode 221. Each second pixel 22 defines a second display region 225 for displaying the second display content which depends on voltage differences applied between the second pixel electrode 221 and the second common electrode 223. In the embodiment, the second pixel electrode 221 and the second common electrode 223 can for example be a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the E-paper display.
The control ends 241 of the second switches 24 are connected to the second gate driver 26 via the plurality of second gate lines G21˜G2M. The second conductive ends 242 of the second switches 24 are connected to the source driver 30 via the plurality of second data lines S21˜S2N. The second conductive ends 243 of the second switches 24 are respectively connected to the second pixel electrodes 221.
The source driver 30 generates a plurality of first data signals and a plurality of second data signals. The source driver 30 is capable of outputting the first data signals and the second data signals simultaneously, and is also capable of outputting the first data signals and the second data signals asynchronously. The first gate driver 16 generates a plurality of first scanning signals and outputs the first scanning signals. The second gate driver 26 generates a plurality of second scanning signals and outputs the second scanning signals. The control ends 141 of the first switches 14 receive the first scanning signals. The control ends 241 of the second switches 24 receive the second scanning signals. The first conductive ends 142 of the first switches 14 receive the first data signals via the first data lines S11˜S1N and output the received first data signals to the first pixel electrodes 121 when the control ends 141 of the first switches 14 are activated by the first scanning signals. The second conductive ends 241 of the second switches 24 receive the second data signals via the second data lines S21˜S2N and output the received second data signals to the second pixel electrodes 221 when the control ends 242 of the second switches 24 are activated by the second scanning signals. The first common electrodes 123 receive a first common voltage from a voltage generating circuit (not shown). The second common electrodes 223 receive a second common voltage from the voltage generating circuit.
Each first display region 125 displays the first visual content when voltages are applied to the first pixel 12, and does not display the first visual content when no voltage is applied to the first pixel 12. Each first display region 125 is transparent or translucent when no first visual content is displayed. The first visual content displayed by the first display 10 is viewable by a user whether or not the second visual content is displayed by the second display 20. When one or more first display regions 125 are transparent or translucent, the second visual content displayed by corresponding second display regions 225 is viewable by the user. Accordingly, the electronic device 100 is capable of switching between the first display 10 and the second display 20 to display the first visual content and/or the second visual content.
As previously described, the electronic device 100 is capable of switching between the first display 10 and the second display 20 based on one or more features of the visual content. Accordingly, the electronic device 100 displays multiple types of visual content because the electronic device 100 employs multiple displays each of which are optimized for particular types of visual content.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
In alternative embodiments, the fourth switches 60 may selectively output the scanning signals and a third voltage V3 to the first gate lines G11˜G1M and the second gate lines G21˜G2M according to a third control signal and a fourth control signal instead of the first and second control signals C1, C2. The first common voltage may equal the second common voltage.
It is believed that the present embodiments and their advantages will be understood from the foregoing description, and it will be apparent that various changes may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments or sacrificing all of their material advantages.
Chang, Li-Shen, Yang, Chen-Chi, Lin, Wen-Rong
Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
10008465, | Jun 08 2011 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Methods for surface attachment of flipped active components |
10008483, | Apr 05 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer printed LED and color filter structure |
10066819, | Dec 09 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-light-emitting diode backlight system |
10109753, | Feb 19 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Compound micro-transfer-printed optical filter device |
10133426, | Sep 09 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Display with micro-LED front light |
10150325, | Feb 29 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Hybrid banknote with electronic indicia |
10150326, | Feb 29 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Hybrid document with variable state |
10153256, | Mar 03 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer printable electronic component |
10153257, | Mar 03 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-printed display |
10164404, | Jun 09 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Crystalline color-conversion device |
10170535, | Jul 09 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Active-matrix touchscreen |
10181507, | Aug 10 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Display tile structure and tiled display |
10193025, | Feb 29 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Inorganic LED pixel structure |
10198890, | Apr 19 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Hybrid banknote with electronic indicia using near-field-communications |
10199546, | Apr 05 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Color-filter device |
10200013, | Feb 18 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Micro-transfer-printed acoustic wave filter device |
10217308, | Apr 19 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Hybrid banknote with electronic indicia using near-field-communications |
10217730, | Feb 25 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Efficiently micro-transfer printing micro-scale devices onto large-format substrates |
10224231, | Nov 15 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer-printable flip-chip structures and methods |
10224460, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
10230048, | Sep 29 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | OLEDs for micro transfer printing |
10255834, | Jul 23 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Parallel redundant chiplet system for controlling display pixels |
10262966, | Jun 08 2011 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Methods for surface attachment of flipped active components |
10289252, | Oct 08 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Display with integrated electrodes |
10347168, | Nov 10 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Spatially dithered high-resolution |
10361677, | Feb 18 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Transverse bulk acoustic wave filter |
10380930, | Aug 24 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Heterogeneous light emitter display system |
10381430, | Jul 23 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Redistribution layer for substrate contacts |
10395582, | Jul 23 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Parallel redundant chiplet system with printed circuits for reduced faults |
10395966, | Nov 15 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer-printable flip-chip structures and methods |
10396137, | Mar 10 2017 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Testing transfer-print micro-devices on wafer |
10418331, | Nov 23 2010 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Interconnection structures and methods for transfer-printed integrated circuit elements with improved interconnection alignment tolerance |
10431487, | Nov 15 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer-printable flip-chip structures and methods |
10431719, | Nov 02 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Display with color conversion |
10438859, | Dec 19 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Transfer printed device repair |
10446719, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
10451257, | Dec 09 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-light-emitting diode backlight system |
10468398, | Feb 25 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Efficiently micro-transfer printing micro-scale devices onto large-format substrates |
10475397, | Jun 20 2016 | LENOVO SWITZERLAND INTERNATIONAL GMBH | Systems and methods for determining whether to present content using electronic paper display |
10475876, | Jul 26 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Devices with a single metal layer |
10522719, | Apr 05 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Color-filter device |
10600671, | Nov 15 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer-printable flip-chip structures and methods |
10675905, | Feb 29 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Hybrid banknote with electronic indicia |
10690920, | Feb 28 2018 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Displays with transparent bezels |
10692844, | Apr 05 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer printed LED and color filter structures |
10782002, | Oct 28 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | LED optical components |
10833225, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
10910355, | Apr 30 2018 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Bezel-free displays |
10930623, | Mar 03 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer printable electronic component |
10964583, | Nov 15 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer-printable flip-chip structures and methods |
10985143, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
11024608, | Mar 28 2017 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Structures and methods for electrical connection of micro-devices and substrates |
11061276, | Nov 06 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Laser array display |
11127812, | Jul 26 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Devices with a single metal layer |
11137641, | Jun 10 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | LED structure with polarized light emission |
11139797, | Feb 18 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Micro-transfer-printed acoustic wave filter device |
11189605, | Feb 28 2018 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Displays with transparent bezels |
11289652, | Sep 29 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | OLEDs for micro transfer printing |
11374086, | Jul 26 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Devices with a single metal layer |
11430774, | Apr 30 2018 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Bezel-free displays |
12068739, | Feb 18 2016 | X-Celeprint Limited | Micro-transfer-printed acoustic wave filter device |
12080690, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
9520537, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
9698308, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
9705042, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
9716082, | Aug 26 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled hybrid displays and lighting elements |
9741785, | Aug 10 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Display tile structure and tiled display |
9786646, | Dec 23 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Matrix addressed device repair |
9818725, | Jun 01 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Inorganic-light-emitter display with integrated black matrix |
9871345, | Jun 09 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Crystalline color-conversion device |
9899465, | Jul 23 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Redistribution layer for substrate contacts |
9980341, | Sep 22 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Multi-LED components |
9991163, | May 21 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Small-aperture-ratio display with electrical component |
9991423, | Jun 18 2014 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro assembled LED displays and lighting elements |
9997100, | Jun 03 2015 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Self-compensating circuit for faulty display pixels |
9997102, | Apr 19 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Wirelessly powered display and system |
9997501, | Jun 01 2016 | X Display Company Technology Limited | Micro-transfer-printed light-emitting diode device |
D735175, | Jan 30 2013 | HTC Corporation | Display module for an electronic device |
D735176, | Jan 30 2013 | HTC Corporation | Display module for an electronic device |
Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
7002531, | Mar 05 2001 | Seiko Epson Corporation | System and method for driving a display |
7737928, | Jul 02 2003 | Kent Displays Incorporated | Stacked display with shared electrode addressing |
7956820, | Jun 14 2005 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N V | Combined single/multiple view-display |
8063887, | Feb 09 2007 | E Ink Corporation | Thin multiple layer input/output device |
8106852, | Nov 04 2004 | Nikon Corporation | Display device and electronic device |
8149183, | Jul 31 2007 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Display |
8284118, | Apr 03 2009 | Verizon Patent and Licensing Inc | Power saving mode in persistently active multi-layer display screen |
8451193, | Aug 31 2009 | MOTOROLA SOLUTIONS, INC | Overlayed display |
8648772, | Aug 20 2009 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Amalgamated display comprising dissimilar display devices |
20020122013, | |||
20030103021, | |||
20070139299, | |||
20080007486, | |||
20080192013, | |||
20080211734, | |||
20090027306, | |||
20090027323, | |||
20090033587, | |||
20090146913, | |||
20090256830, | |||
20100253671, | |||
20100309096, | |||
20110043435, | |||
20110050545, | |||
20130155092, | |||
20130169512, | |||
20130215032, | |||
20140071023, |
Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
Mar 15 2013 | YANG, CHEN-CHI | FITIPOWER INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY, INC | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 030037 | /0269 | |
Mar 15 2013 | CHANG, LI-SHEN | FITIPOWER INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY, INC | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 030037 | /0269 | |
Mar 15 2013 | LIN, WEN-RONG | FITIPOWER INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY, INC | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 030037 | /0269 | |
Mar 18 2013 | Fitipower Integrated Technology, Inc. | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / |
Date | Maintenance Fee Events |
Apr 08 2018 | M2551: Payment of Maintenance Fee, 4th Yr, Small Entity. |
Aug 13 2019 | BIG: Entity status set to Undiscounted (note the period is included in the code). |
Apr 06 2022 | M1552: Payment of Maintenance Fee, 8th Year, Large Entity. |
Date | Maintenance Schedule |
Nov 11 2017 | 4 years fee payment window open |
May 11 2018 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
Nov 11 2018 | patent expiry (for year 4) |
Nov 11 2020 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 4) |
Nov 11 2021 | 8 years fee payment window open |
May 11 2022 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
Nov 11 2022 | patent expiry (for year 8) |
Nov 11 2024 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 8) |
Nov 11 2025 | 12 years fee payment window open |
May 11 2026 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
Nov 11 2026 | patent expiry (for year 12) |
Nov 11 2028 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 12) |