Discussion of content between users of social networks is described. A cloud computing system of a plurality of cloud computing systems is determined for processing a request in a first syntax from a client computer system. The request is translated from the first syntax to a second syntax of the cloud computing system and transmitted to the cloud computing system in the second syntax. The server computer system includes drivers to enable bi-directional translation of communications between the client computer system and the plurality of cloud computing systems, wherein the drivers provide bi-directional translation for at least one of the plurality of cloud computing systems.
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1. A method comprising:
determining, by a processing device of a server computer system, a cloud computing system of a plurality of cloud computing systems to process a request in a first syntax from a client computer system;
translating the request, by the processing device, from the first syntax to a second syntax of the cloud computing system; and
transmitting the request to the cloud computing system in the second syntax,
wherein the server computer system comprises a plurality of drivers to enable bi-directional translation of communications between the client computer system and the plurality of cloud computing systems, wherein each of the plurality of drivers provides bi-directional translation for at least one of the plurality of cloud computing systems.
15. A system comprising:
a memory;
a processing device operatively coupled with the memory, the processing device to:
determine a cloud computing system of a plurality of cloud computing systems to process a request in a first syntax from a client computer system;
translate the request from the first syntax to a second format of the cloud computing system of the plurality of cloud computing systems; and
transmit the request to the cloud computing system in the second syntax; and
a plurality of drivers to enable bi-directional translation of communications between the client computer system and the plurality of cloud computing systems, wherein each of the plurality of driver s provides bi-directional translation for at least one of the plurality of cloud computing systems.
8. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium that provides instructions, which when executed by a processing device of a server computer system cause the processing device to:
determine, by the processing device, a cloud computing system of a plurality of cloud computing systems to process a request in a first syntax from a client computer system;
translate the request from the first syntax to a second syntax of the cloud computing system; and
transmit the request to the cloud computing system in the second syntax,
wherein the server computer system comprises a plurality of drivers to enable bi-directional translation of communications between the client computer system and the plurality of cloud computing systems, wherein each of the plurality of driver s provides bi-directional translation for at least one of the plurality of cloud computing systems.
2. The method of
receiving a response from the cloud computing system in the second syntax;
translating the response from the second syntax to the first syntax; and
transmitting the translated response to the client computer system.
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
7. The method of
9. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of
receive a response from the cloud computing system in the second syntax;
translate the response from the second syntax to the first syntax; and
transmit the translated response to the client computing system.
10. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of
11. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of
12. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of
translate the request from the first syntax to a cloud computing system-specific syntax for each of the plurality of different cloud computing systems.
13. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of
14. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of
16. The system of
receive a response from the cloud computing system in the second syntax;
translate the response from the second syntax to the first syntax; and
transmit the translated response to the client computer system.
17. The system of
18. The system of
19. The system of
20. The system of
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This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/828,787, filed Jul. 1, 2010, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/828,778, filed on Jul. 1, 2010 (now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,631,067) and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/828,795, filed on Jul. 1, 2010.
Embodiments of the invention relate to the field of cloud computing systems, and more particularly, to providing a neutral interface to multiple disparate cloud system providers.
Cloud computing is an architecture in which customers do not own the physical infrastructure related to an application, data storage center, etc. Instead, customers avoid the various expenses associated with operating computers, maintaining a communications network, maintaining software, etc. by purchasing usage from a third-party cloud system provider. Customers consume the resources of various third-party cloud systems over a communications network as a service.
Cloud systems, however, may be implemented in various formats, involve various communications protocols, and have various other specific requirements for interacting with the cloud systems. Thus, in order to interact with multiple cloud computing systems, consumer applications need to be tailored to each specific cloud system provider's requirements. As a result, a consumer will be less likely to switch cloud system providers when to make such a switch would require the consumer to update existing applications. Furthermore, the consumer may also be required to update their applications in response to cloud computing systems updates, such as when a formatting or communications protocol change occurs on a cloud system.
The present invention will be understood more fully from the detailed description given below and from the accompanying drawings of various embodiments of the invention, which, however, should not be taken to limit the invention to the specific embodiments, but are for explanation and understanding only.
An architecture, system and method for providing a neutral interface to multiple disparate cloud system providers is described. In one embodiment, the method includes receiving a request from a client computer system for processing by a cloud computing system, the request in a neutral format. The method may also include translating the request, with the server computer system, from the neutral format to a second format of the cloud computing system. Furthermore, the method may include transmitting the request to the cloud computing system in the second format.
In one embodiment, cloud interface system 110 is responsible for providing a neutral communications interface between client systems 102 and disparate cloud systems 106. In one embodiment, cloud systems 106 are server based systems that provide cloud computing services, such as remote data storage, business applications, internet services, security services, content distribution, etc. to client systems 102. However, different cloud providers, such as cloud system 106-1 and cloud system 106-N may communicate and provide their respective services via disparate interfaces or communications protocols. For example, the cloud systems 106 can be implemented using different computing platforms, such as AMAZON EC2™, RED HAT™ RHEV-M, VMWARE™ ESX, etc.
In one embodiment, cloud interface system 110 is an intermediary for communications between client systems 102 and cloud systems 106. In one embodiment, cloud interface system 110 abstracts vendor specific requirements, such as communication protocol, data formatting, etc., to a neutral cloud interface system 110 format. As discussed in greater detail below, in one embodiment, cloud interface system 110 translates client system 102 requests received in the neutral format to requests formatted for a specific target cloud system 106. In one embodiment, cloud interface system 110 further translates the responses of the cloud system 106 to the neutral format for client system 102.
In one embodiment, cloud-based applications executed by client systems 102 may access the services provided by disparate cloud systems 106 via a single vendor neutral communications syntax of cloud interface system 110. In one embodiment, client systems 102 are therefore insulated from vendor-specific communications protocols and messaging formats. As a result, if client system 102 switches between cloud systems 106-1 and 106-N, client system 102 needs only to direct their requests to a recipient cloud system 106-i via cloud interface system 110, without reformatting the request, issuing the request in a proprietary format, etc. In one embodiment, cloud interface system 110 translates the requests and responses thereby insulating client systems from difficulties that may arise from switching cloud system providers, updates to communications systems of cloud systems, protocol changes that apply to cloud systems, etc.
In one embodiment, cloud interface system 210 is one or more server computer systems communicably coupled with client system 202 and one or more cloud systems 218. As will be discussed in greater detail below, cloud interface system 210 is an intermediary between client system 202 and cloud systems 218, and provides translation services to client systems 202. In one embodiment, cloud interface system 210 provides the translation services via cloud system specific drivers, such as cloud system drivers 214. Thus, in one embodiment, client system 202 issues requests to and receives responses from cloud interface system 210 in a neutral format, as discussed in greater detail below. Cloud interface system 210 translates the requests to and responses from the vendor-specific or proprietary cloud systems 218. Therefore, in one embodiment, client systems 202 are insulated from the specific details associated with each cloud system 218 provider.
In one embodiment, client system 202 connects to cloud interface system 210 via hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP). In one embodiment, client system 202 utilizes a representational state transfer (REST) communications protocol for communicating with cloud interface system 210. In one embodiment, the REST communications protocol is a communications protocol where client system 202 initiates requests in a neutral syntax to cloud interface system 210, and cloud interface system 210 processes the requests in order to return appropriate responses in the neutral syntax. In one embodiment, cloud interface system 210 translates the client system requests to a cloud system-specific request and then receives a cloud system-specific response. The cloud system-specific response is then translated into the neutral syntax and returned to the client system. In one embodiment, the neutral communications syntax is extensible markup language (XML) formatted communications.
In one embodiment, the neutral communications syntax may be a non-XML format, such as JSON, YAML, images, etc. In one embodiment, the syntax used for communication is denoted by the client through either URL manipulation or through using standard HTTP “Accept” headers. A server may or may not support a specific format. In one embodiment, the neutral abstract syntax may be realized as one or more concrete syntaxes (XML, JSON, YAML, etc) which may or may not be textual. For example, pictorial images may be utilized as a syntax.
In one embodiment, an abstract model of resources, such as images, instances, network interfaces, storage partitions, etc. Is defined. Through REST, this abstract model is converted into a concrete response using any suitable language (XML, JSON, YAML, etc.) or non-textual representation (JPEG images, etc).
In one embodiment, client system 202 communicates with cloud interface framework 212 via a neutral applications programming interface 220. In one embodiment, the neutral applications programming interface 220 implemented by cloud interface framework 212 defines the interface between client system 202 and cloud interface system 210. In one embodiment, the neutral applications programming interface 220 of cloud interface framework 212 defines images and instances. In one embodiment, an image is a prototype of a server computer system, which defines attributes of the server computer system, and acts as a template for creating instances on a server computer system. In one embodiment, an instance is a concrete server computer system that is realized from the image. In one embodiment, client system 202 creates instances to connect with various specific server cloud systems 218 via cloud interface system 210. In one embodiment, instances are created from images in order to allocate resources (i.e., virtual hardware) with a predefined configuration (i.e., an image). In other words, an instance can be seen as how services of a cloud system provider are “consumed.”
In one embodiment, neutral applications programming interface 220 of cloud interface framework 212 further provides actions or methods that may be performed, via the instances, on cloud system 218 servers. For example, the actions may include start, stop, reboot, etc. that correspond to actions to be performed on a cloud system 218.
In one embodiment, the neutral applications programming interface 220 of cloud interface framework 212 provides an abstraction of the vendor specific implementations of cloud systems 218. In one embodiment, a cloud system driver 214 is responsible for translating and filtering communication between client system 202 and a corresponding cloud system 218. In one embodiment, cloud system drivers 214 translate the terms and actions, such as image, instance, start, reboot, etc., to cloud-specific terms and actions. For example, client system may refer to an image for a cloud system 218 via the neutral applications programming interface 220 of cloud interface framework 212. In one embodiment, a driver would translate the neutral formatted application programming interface image to the corresponding element supported by a cloud system 218, such as a template in RED HAT™ RHEV-M or a vendor specific image in AMAZON EC2™.
In one embodiment, cloud system drivers 214 enables bi-directional communication between the services offered by cloud system 218 and client system 202 without the need for client system 202 to change the programming of a client application or the formatting for communicating messages based on cloud system 202 requirements. Rather, cloud system drivers 214 provide the vendor-specific interface to cloud systems 218, while client system 202 communicates with cloud system drivers 214 via the neutral communication syntax, such as a standardized XML communications format, of the neutral applications programming interface 220 of the cloud interface framework 212.
In one embodiment, a cloud system driver is a plug-in application that plugs into cloud interface framework 212. In one embodiment, each cloud system driver is a single class that includes method calls. In one embodiment, a cloud system driver 214 receives client system 202 requests from the cloud interface framework 212. In one embodiment, a cloud system driver 214 translates the client system 202 request to a method call, which is executed on a corresponding cloud system 218. When the cloud system 218 responds, cloud system driver 214 translates the response into the neutral syntax and the response is provided to the client system 202.
In one embodiment, client system 202 connects to cloud systems 218 via a single instance connection with cloud interface framework 212. Thus, when client system 202 desires to connect to two cloud systems, such as cloud system 218-1 and 218-N, client system 202 creates two instances. Then, client system 202 requests to different cloud systems 218 would be directed to specific instances for the respective cloud systems.
In another embodiment, cloud interface framework 212 may multiplex communication between a single connection with client 202 and multiple cloud systems 218. Thus, client system 202 would set up a single connection with cloud interface system, and cloud interface framework would be responsible for routing client system 202 requests and responses between appropriate cloud system drivers 214.
Referring to
In one embodiment, a standard message formatting protocol may be utilized, such as extensible markup language (XML). Other protocols for formatting messages, such as hypertext markup language (HTML), standard generalized markup language (SGML), JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), YAML, etc. may also be utilized by processing logic. In another embodiment, processing logic may utilize a proprietary message formatting and communication scheme for receiving cloud computing system requests in the neutral format.
Processing logic translates the request from the neutral format to a second format of the cloud computing system (processing block 304). In one embodiment, the cloud computing system may be one of a number of different cloud computing system platforms which provide different interfaces, communicate using different message formatting, support different protocols, etc. For example, the cloud computing system may be one of AMAZON EC2™, RED HAT™ RHEV-M, VMWARE™ ESX, or any other cloud computing system. In one embodiment, the second format is a format supported by the cloud computing system.
Processing logic then receives a response from the cloud computing system in the second format of the cloud computing system (processing block 306). The response is then translated from the second format to the neutral format (processing block 308). In one embodiment, as discussed above, cloud computing system-specific drivers act as a translation service for mediating messages between a client computer system and a specific cloud computing system, without requiring the client computer system to implement a specific protocol of the cloud computing system, and vice-versa.
Processing logic then transmits the response in the neutral format to the client system (processing block 310). In one embodiment, the response is also transmitted via the HTTP connection utilizing the REST protocol.
In one embodiment, the translation to and from a neutral format to a proprietary or specific format supported by a cloud computing system simplifies application development for client computer systems. That is, the specifics of communicating with different cloud computing system is abstracted to a common communication protocol and format. The translation, performed by the processing logic discussed above, mediates the communication between the client computer system and the different cloud computer systems. Thus, the client computer system could change cloud computer systems, without changing client application code except for changing which cloud computer system to issue requests to. As a result, a client computer system could easily switch between cloud computing system providers without changing or upgrading a client computer system application.
Referring to
Processing logic provides an application programming interface (API) to a client computer system with the neutral format (processing block 404). In one embodiment, the neutral format of the API exposes the translation services of a cloud interface system, such as cloud interface system 210 of
A request is then received from a client computer system specifying one of a plurality of cloud computer systems for client communication (processing block 406). In one embodiment, a client computer system specifies an entry point in the request. In one embodiment, the entry point may be a universal resource locator that resolves at a server computer system that provides a cloud interface system. In one embodiment, the entry point provides entry points to other collections for the neutral format, such as images and instances, discussed above, as well as flavors and realms, among other collections.
In one embodiment, a flavor represents a configuration of resources upon which a machine may be deployed. In one embodiment, a flavor defines aspects such as local disk storage, available RAM, architecture, number and speed of central processing units available, etc. In one embodiment, a realm represents a boundary containing resources, and a precise definition of a realm may be left to the cloud provider. In some cases, a realm may represent different data centers, different continents, or different pools of resources within a single data center.
Processing logic then receives client computer system requests for the cloud computing system, and provides responses to the client computer system, utilizing the neutral format of the API (processing block 408). In one embodiment, the requests and responses are handled by processing logic as discussed above in
Referring to
Processing logic then routes the client computer system request to a cloud system driver (processing block 506). Processing logic utilizes the cloud system driver to translate communication to and from the neutral format utilized by a client computer system and a second format of a cloud system driver (processing block 508). As discussed above, a cloud system driver is bi-directional communication converter. That is, a cloud system driver translates client computer system requests from a neutral format of an API of a cloud interface framework to a cloud computing system-specific message. For example, cloud system driver may translate a XML request to a JSON formatted request supported by a cloud computing system. As another example, cloud system driver may translate a single neutral command to N vendor-specific commands. In one embodiment, the message is a method call to be processed by the cloud computing system, and the response is return by a cloud computing system of the method call.
The exemplary computer system 600 includes a processing device 602, a main memory 604 (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), etc.), a static memory 606 (e.g., flash memory, static random access memory (SRAM), etc.), and a data storage device 616, which communicate with each other via a bus 608.
Processing device 602 represents one or more general-purpose processing devices such as a microprocessor, central processing unit, or the like. More particularly, the processing device 602 may be a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, or a processing device implementing other instruction sets or processors implementing a combination of instruction sets. The processing device 602 may also be one or more special-purpose processing devices such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), network processor, or the like. The processing device 602 is configured to execute the processing logic 626 for performing the operations and steps discussed herein.
The computer system 600 may further include a network interface device 608. The computer system 600 also may include a video display unit 610 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT)), an alphanumeric input device 612 (e.g., a keyboard), a cursor control device 614 (e.g., a mouse), and a signal generation device 616 (e.g., a speaker).
The data storage device 616 may include a computer-readable storage medium 624 on which is stored one or more sets of instructions (e.g., the cloud interface system 626) embodying any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The cloud interface system 626 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 604 and/or within the processing device 602 during execution thereof by the computer system 600, the main memory 604 and the processing device 602 also constituting computer-readable storage media. The cloud interface system 626 may further be transmitted or received over a network 620 via the network interface device 622.
While the computer-readable storage medium 630 is shown in an exemplary embodiment to be a single medium, the term “computer-readable storage medium” should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions. The term “computer-readable storage medium” shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by the machine and that cause the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present invention. The term “computer-readable storage medium” shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, optical media, and magnetic media.
In the foregoing description, numerous details are set forth. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
Some portions of the detailed description that follow are presented in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on data bits within a computer memory. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are the means used by those skilled in the data processing arts to most effectively convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. An algorithm is here, and generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of steps leading to a desired result. The steps are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated. It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or the like.
It should be borne in mind, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities. Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the following discussion, it is appreciated that throughout the description, discussions utilizing terms such as “receiving”, “translating”, “transmitting”, “defining”, “providing”, “determining”, “routing”, “utilizing” or the like, refer to the actions and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
The present invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purposes, or it may comprise a general purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as, but not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magnetic-optical disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), EPROMs, EEPROMs, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions.
The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other apparatus. Various general purpose systems may be used with programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct a more specialized apparatus to perform the required method steps. The required structure for a variety of these systems will appear from the description below. In addition, the present invention is not described with reference to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the invention as described herein.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading and understanding the above description. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as may be suited to the particular use contemplated.
Kearney, Bryan Michael, McWhirter, Robert Kelley
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| Jul 01 2010 | KEARNEY, BRYAN MICHAEL | Red Hat, Inc | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 037118 | /0097 | |
| Jan 27 2014 | Red Hat, Inc. | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / |
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