Chrysanthemum plant named `Tripoli`

Abstract

A distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum plant named `Tripoli`, characterized by its spherical and rounded plant habit; moderate growth rate and vigorous; multiple secondary laterals and numerous leaves; daisy-type inflorescences; purple ray florets with bright yellow disc florets; freely flowering; and good garden performance.

Description

The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of garden Chrysanthemum plant, botanically known as Dendranthema grandiflora and referred to by the cultivar name `Tripoli`.

The new cultivar is a product of a planned breeding program conducted by the inventor in Staden, Belgium. The objective of the breeding program was to create new garden Chrysanthemum cultivars that are freely branching and have numerous and long-lasting inflorescences.

The new cultivar originated from a cross made by the inventor of the nonpatented cultivar `Quick Marie` as the female, or seed, parent with the nonpatented cultivar `Prisma` as the male, or pollen, parent.

The new Chrysanthemum was discovered and selected by the inventor as a flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in a controlled environment in Staden, Belgium.

Asexual reproduction of the new cultivar by terminal cuttings taken at Staden, Belgium, has shown that the unique features of this new Chrysanthemum are stable and reproduced true to type in successive generations.

The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be the unique characteristics of `Tripoli`. These characteristics in combination distinguish `Tripoli` as a new and distinct cultivar:

1. Spherical and rounded plant habit, moderate growth rate and vigorous.

2. Freely branching with secondary laterals and numerous leaves gives full, bushy appearance.

3. Daisy-type inflorescences.

4. Purple ray florets with bright yellow disc florets.

5. Freely flowering.

6. Good garden performance.

The cultivar `Tripoli` has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in environment such as temperature, daylength and light intensity, without, however, any variance in genotype.

In side-by-side comparisons in Staden, Belgium, under commercial practice, plants of the new Chrysanthemum differ from plants of the female parent, the cultivar `Quick Marie`, in plant size and inflorescence form and size. In the same comparisons, plants of the new Chrysanthemum differ from the male parent, the cultivar `Prisma`, in ray floret color, inflorescence form and plant size.

Plants of the new Chrysanthemum can be compared to the cultivar `Stargazer` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,695). However, in side-by-side comparisons conducted in Oxnard, Calif., under commercial practice, plants of the new Chrysanthemum differed from plants of the cultivar `Stargazer` in the following characteristics:

1. Plants of the new Chrysanthemum are full, spherical and rounded whereas plants of the cultivar `Stargazer` are upright.

2. Plants of the new Chrysanthemum are shorter than plants of the cultivar `Stargazer`.

3. Plants of the new Chrysanthemum are more freely branching than plants of the cultivar `Stargazer`. In addition, plants of the new Chrysanthemum have numerous secondary lateral branches.

4. Leaves of plants of the new Chrysanthemum are shorter but more numerous than leaves of plants of the cultivar `Stargazer`.

5. Inflorescences of plants of the new Chrysanthemum are smaller, flatter and have fewer ray florets but are more numerous than inflorescences of plants of the cultivar `Stargazer`.

6. Plants of the new Chrysanthemum have weaker and shorter peduncles than plants of the cultivar `Stargazer`.

A detailed comparison of plants of the new Chrysanthemum and the cultivar `Stargazer` appears in Chart A at the end of the specification.

The accompanying colored photographs illustrate the overall appearance of the new cultivar, showing the colors as true as it is reasonably possible to obtain in colored reproductions of this type.

The first photograph comprises a side perspective view of a typical flowering 16.5-cm container of `Tripoli` with five cuttings in the container.

The second photograph comprises a close-up view of leaves at different stages of development and a fully opened inflorescence.

Foliage and floret colors in the photographs may appear different from the actual colors due to light reflectance.

In the following description, color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart except where general terms of ordinary dictionary significance are used. The following observations and measurements describe plants grown in Oxnard, Calif., under commercial practice in a glass-covered greenhouse with night temperatures ranging between 14 and 20C., day temperatures ranging between 20 and 30C., and average light levels of 5,000 to 6,000 footcandles.

After sticking unrooted cuttings of the new cultivar, plants received 4 weeks of long day/short nights followed by short day/long nights until flowering. Measurements and numerical values represent ranges or averages for six typical flowering plants.

Botanical classification: Dendranthema grandiflora cultivar `Tripoli`.

Commercial classification: Garden Chrysanthemum.

Parentage:

Female, or seed, parent.--Dendranthema grandiflora cultivar `Quick Marie` (not patented).

Male, or pollen, parent.--Dendranthema grandiflora cultivar `Prisma` (not patented).

Propagation:

Type.--Terminal tip cuttings.

Time to rooting.--10 to 12 days with soil temperatures of 20C.

Rooting habit.--Fine, fibrous and well-branched.

Plant description:

Appearance.--Perennial herbaceous garden plant. Spherical and rounded growth habit. Moderate growth rate and vigorous. Freely branching with numerous secondary laterals.

Plant height.--About 17 cm.

Lateral branch length.--About 12 cm.

Quantity of lateral branches after removal of apical meristem.--About 5 with numerous secondary laterals.

Stem color.--147C.

Foliage description.--Number of leaves per plant: About 150. Number of leaves per lateral branch: Primary laterals: About 12. Secondary laterals: About 18. Leaf arrangement: Alternate. Leaf size, fully expanded: Length: About 4 cm. Width: About 3.8 cm. Leaf apex: Apiculate. Leaf base: Attenuate. Leaf margin: Palmately lobed. Leaf texture: Abaxial and adaxial surfaces slightly pubescent, smooth and dull. Veins prominent on abaxial surface. Petiole length: About 2.3 cm. Color: Young foliage adaxial surface: 137A. Young foliage abaxial surface: 137C. Fully expanded foliage adaxial surface: 137A. Fully expanded foliage abaxial surface: 137C. Venation adaxial surface: 137A. Venation abaxial surface: 137C. Petiole: 137D.

Inflorescence description:

Appearance.--Daisy-type inflorescence form. Inflorescences borne on terminals above foliage, arising from leaf axils. Disc and ray florets arranged acropetally on a flat capitulum.

Flowering response.--Under natural conditions, plants flower in the autumn. Inflorescence initiation and development can be induced under short day/long night conditions (at least 13.5 hours of darkness). Plants exposed to 3 or 4 weeks of long day/short night conditions after sticking followed by photoinductive short day/long night conditions, flower about 49 days later. Inflorescences maintain good substance for three weeks under bright natural daylight.

Quantity of inflorescences.--About 7 to 10 inflorescences per flowering stem.

Inflorescence size.--Diameter: About 3.8 cm. Depth (height): About 7 mm. Diameter of disc: About 8 mm.

Opening inflorescences.--Bud shape: Spherical. Bud size: Length: About 6 mm. Width: About 6 mm. Bud color: 70A.

Ray florets.--Shape: Narrow, oblong. Size: Length: About 2.1 cm. Width: About 5 mm. Apex: Slightly tri-dentate. Base: Acute. Margin: Entire. Texture: Velvety, smooth and glabrous. Aspect: Oriented about 25° to the capitulum. Number of ray florets per inflorescence: About 26. Color: When opening, adaxial surface: 64B. When opening, abaxial surface: 70C. Mature, adaxial surface: 70A. Mature, abaxial surface: 70C. Fading to: 70C.

Disc florets.--Shape: Tubular. Size: Length: About 3 mm. Width: About 1 mm. Number of disc florets per inflorescence: About 76. Color: Immature: 154D. Mature: 154C.

Peduncle.--Aspect: Weak, wiry and angled about 20° to 25° to the stem. Length: First peduncle: About 2.5 cm. Fourth peduncle: About 4 cm. Texture: Pubescent. Color: 137C.

Reproductive organs.--Androecium: Present on disc florets only. Anther color: 5A. Pollen: Moderate, 5A in color. Gynoecium: Present on both ray and disc florets. Style color: 154C.

Disease resistance: No known Chysanthemum diseases observed to date on plants grown under commercial greenhouse conditions.

Seed production: Seed production has not been observed.

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CHART A
CHARACTERISTIC `TRIPOLI`    `STARGAZER`
______________________________________
PLANT SHAPE    Spherical, rounded
Upright
GROWTH HABIT   Short        Medium
GROWTH RATE/VIGOR
Moderate/vigorous
Moderate/moderate
PLANT HEIGHT   About 17 cm  About 24 cm
LATERAL STEM LENGTH
About 12 cm  About 18 cm
QUANTITY OF LATERAL
About 5 primary
About 3
BRANCHES AFTER laterals and
PINCHING       numerous secondary
laterals
STEM COLOR     147C         144A
LEAF LENGTH    About 4 cm   About 5 cm
LEAF WIDTH     About 3.8 cm About 3.8 cm
PETIOLE LENGTH About 2.3 cm About 1.8 cm
QUANTITY OF LEAVES
About 150    About 65
PER PLANT
YOUNG FOLIAGE COLOR,
137A         146A
ADAXIAL SURFACE
YOUNG FOLIAGE COLOR,
137C         146B
ABAXIAL SURFACE
MATURE FOLIAGE 137A         147A
COLOR,
ADAXIAL SURFACE
MATURE FOLIAGE 137C         147B
COLOR,
ABAXIAL SURFACE
QUANTITY OF    About 7 to 10
About 7
INFLORESCENCES
PER LATERAL STEM
INFLORESCENCE  About 3.8 cm About 5 cm
DIAMETER
INFLORESCENCE HEIGHT
About 7 mm   About 1.2 cm
BUD COLOR      70A          72A
RAY FLORET SHAPE
Narrow, oblong
Broad, obovate
RAY FLORET LENGTH
About 2.1 cm About 2.2 cm
RAY FLORET WIDTH
About 5 mm   About 7 mm
RAY FLORET     Slightly upright
Horizontal
ORIENTATION
RAY FLORET COLOR,
64B          64A
WHEN OPENING,
ADAXIAL
RAY FLORET COLOR,
70C          64B
WHEN OPENING,
ABAXIAL
RAY FLORET COLOR,
70A          70B
MATURE, ADAXIAL
RAY FLORET COLOR,
70C          75C
MATURE, ABAXIAL
RAY FLORET COLOR
70C          70C
FADING TO
NUMBER OF RAY  About 26     About 60
FLORETS PER
INFLORESCENCE
DISC FLORET COLOR,
154D         2C
IMMATURE
DISC FLORET    154C         2C
COLOR, MATURE
DIAMETER OF DISC
About 8 mm   About 1 cm
NUMBER OF DISC About 76     About 114
FLORETS PER
INFLORESCENCE
PEDUNCLE STRENGTH
Weak, wiry   Strong
PEDUNCLE       About 2.5 cm About 6.2 cm
LENGTH, FIRST
PEDUNCLE       About 4 cm   About 8.5 cm
LENGTH, FOURTH
PEDUNCLE COLOR 137C         146C
ANTHER COLOR   5A           12A
POLLEN COLOR   5A           12A
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Claims

1. A new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum plant named `Tripoli`, as illustrated and described.