simultaneous production of a large number of winding packages of filaments of flat, round or profiled cross section by apparatus including extrusion devices, at least one cooling device, guide means, after-treatment devices (stretching, heating, etc.) and winding devices.
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17. An installation for the continuous production and winding of synthetic, thermoplastic polymer filaments which comprises a first part of said installation in which a plurality of said filaments are spun and solidified, said first part comprising extrusion and nozzle means for extruding a plurality of filaments of a molten, synthetic, thermoplastic polymer, and cooling means to solidify the extruded filaments;
a second part of said installation adjacent said first part, said second part comprising a plurality of side-by-side filament treatment means, each treatment means having filament-winding means preceded by first godet means and second godet means forming a filament stretching means; and filament guide means for conducting all of said filaments collectively from said first part to and along a common horizontal path above the plurality of said treatment means and then, as individual filaments or sub-groups of filaments, into separate paths of said individual filaments or said sub-groups thereof running from said horizontal path to the respective first godet means of said respective treatment means, and said filament guide means embodying guide members spatially positioned to provide substantially equal path lengths for the respective filaments between said first part and their respective first godet means.
1. An arrangement for the simultaneous production of a large number of endless bundled profile strands of flat, round or profiled cross section of thermoplastic materials which comprises an extrusion press having an extrusion nozzle unit for simultaneously extruding a plurality of said profile strands perpendicularly downwardly, a cooling shaft therebelow with means for running extruded strands downwardly and then upwardly through the shaft and then upwardly, said means including at least one deflecting device for the deflecting of the downwardly running, cooled profile strands into the upward running direction, at least one further deflecting device for the deflecting of the profile strands into the approximately horizontal on a higher plane, a space saving arrangement of a plurality of said after-treatment means with vertical contiguous paths for individual strands or sub-groups of said strands, said after-treatment means including a large number of adjacently arranged side-by-side, strand-processing units allocated in each case to a strand or bundle of profile strands, each of which units includes at least a draw-off mechanism, a heating device, a stretching mechanism, and a winding device and in vertically spaced relationship to each other and providing the respective vertical, contiguous paths for said individual strands or sub-groups of said strands , said after-treatment means and said winding devices being positioned separate from but near the nozzle unit and cooling device shaft for after-treating and winding individual strands or sub-groups of strands extruded simultaneously from said nozzle unit and a plurality of strand-deflecting means above said strand-processing units for guiding said upwardly running profile strands first into a horizontal plane above said units and then, as individual strands or sub-groups of said strands, from said horizontal planes into the respective vertical paths to said after-treatment means.
16. An arrangement for the simultaneous production of a large number of endless bundled profile strands of flat, round or profiled cross section of thermoplastic materials which comprises an extrusion press having an extrusion nozzle unit for simultaneously extruding a plurality of said profile strands perpendicularly downwardly, a cooling shaft therebelow with means for running extruded strands downwardly through the shaft and then upwardly, said means including at least one deflecting device for the deflecting of the downwardly running, cooled profile strands into the upward running direction, at least one further deflecting device for the deflecting of the profile strands into the approximately horizontal on a higher plane, a space saving arrangement of a plurality of after-treatment means with contiguous paths for individual strands or sub-groups of said strands, said after-treatment means including a large number of adjacently arranged, strand-processing units allocated in each case to a strand or bundle of profile strands, each of which units includes at least a draw-off mechanism a heating device, a stretching mechanism, and a winding device, and said after-treatment means and said winding devices being positioned separate from but near the nozzle unit and cooling shaft for after-treating and winding individual strands or sub-groups of strands extruded simultaneously from said nozzle unit and further characterized by strand-guide means providing path lengths for at least a large number of strands which are approximately equal between the strand-cooling device and the respective after-treatment devices, said strand guide means embodying said aforementioned deflecting devices and additional strand deflecting devices, said additional strand deflecting devices embodying one strand deflecting member above each of said strand-processing units and other strand deflecting devices for deflecting respective individual strands or sub-groups of said strands to the respective strand deflecting members above each strand processing unit, and said other strand deflecting devices being positioned to provide equal path lengths for the respective individual strands or said sub-groups of strands from said further deflecting device via their respective additional strand deflecting devices to their respective strand-processing units.
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In the production of profiled filaments in bundles by the extrusion process, hitherto it was the general practice to proceed from foils. The thermoplastic material to be processed, for example a polyamide, a polyester, polyethylene or polypropylene, is melted in the extruder. Then it is, directly or by means of a metering pump, fed to the extrusion nozzle. Thereafter, whether as a cohesive foil or groups of more or less cohesive individual structures, the filaments are stretched in common. Finally, after completion of longitudinal splitting into filaments, the latter are wound individually or in bundles. Such installations are already described, for example, in German Pat. Nos. 667,234 and 746,593; British Pat. No. 1,035,657, French Pat. No. 1,395,472, and Belgian Pat. No. 643,850. The disadvantage of such a manner of operation lies primarily in reoccurring production disruptions. For example, in the case of a so-called thread break or a lapping in the stretching assembly, there are considerable time losses caused by resetting or by stopping of the whole installation. There, furthermore, 8, whose individual profile strands are now solidified to such a degree that they withstand without difficulty the deflection from the vertical into the horizontal. The strand bundle is then conducted over further deflection devices 17 and 18 and then sub-divided into suitable bundles of individual profile strands.
In the example of execution represented the endless ribbon-type profile strands are first generated in a vertical downward direction and, after sufficient cooling, are deflected with the aid of deflection devices 16, 17 and 18 from the vertical into the horizontal and finally back into the vertical. For practice of the invention it is not required that exact use be made of this arrangement, It is in each case a question of the available space, whether the after-treatment devices are arranged in more or less the same horizontal plane with the cooling shaft, or far above or below. Depending on the space conditions present, there varies correspondingly also the arrangement of the deflecting devices mentioned.
The group of individual strands 8, 8a, 8b, 8c at first run in common and then are fed to the deflecting devices 19-19c and 20-20c, through which several or also in each case only individual profile strands 8 are separated from the total group and supplied to the after-treatment devices 21. Another part 8a of the profile strands is separated out with the aid of the deflecting device 19a and 20a and supplied to the after-treatment device 21a. A further part 8b of the profile strands is separated out by the deflecting device 19b and 20b and supplied to the after-treatment device 21b, and finally a remaining part 8c is separated out through the deflecting devices 19c and 20c and supplied to the after-treatment device 21c. The deflecting devices belonging together in each case are disposed at such a distance from one another that the total path lengths in all the strand trains of the system are equal or at least approximately equal.
In order to achieve a space-saving and at all times easily accessible construction of the after-treatment devices, these are arranged adjacently, preferably side-by-side. The individual after-treatment devices have to be constructed at a different distance from the production assembly. If the ribbon-type profile strands were directly supplied to the after-treatment devices, then the path length and thereby the running time that the individual strand or the ground of individual strands undergoes in the after-treatment device 21 would be shorter than that in the other devices 21a, 21b, etc. In order to compensate this, through the deflecting devices 19-19c and 20-20c, there have been created running paths of substantially uniform lengths between deflection device 18 and devices 21-21c, which balance out the differences mentioned.
In the embodiment illustrated, the after-treatment devices 21-21c are stretching mechanisms. Each of the stretching mechanisms consists, in known manner, of godets 22-22c and 23-23c, to which, in each case, there may be allocated in addition a deflecting roller 24-24c and 25-25c. The profile strand to be treated is wound in each case, and, if need be, several times, around the godet 22-22c as well as its deflection roller so that in this manner there is achieved an adequate friction. The profile strand is then conducted onward over a heating device 31-31c to the godet 23-23c and also wound several times around it as well as around the deflecting roller 25-25c. Finally the profile strands are conducted onward to the winding device 26-26c. The heating device is, in the embodiment illustrated, an electrically heated stationary plate, whose side which is touched by the profile strands is slightly convexly curved. Instead of the heating plate, however, there can be used other heating devices in themselves known for this purpose.
FIG. 1 makes clear the advantages of the arrangement according to the invention. Through the compact construction as well as the splitting up according to the invention of the entire profile bundle 8-8c into a large number of adjacently arranged individual after-treatment paths there has been created a pronouncedly simple installation, whose critical parts are easily accessible during the operation. Furthermore, there is also a further substantial advantage. Practical experience has shown that thread breakages virtually never occur in the first part of the production process. It is not until the subsequent stretching that such faults easily occur. If the latter should occur in the installation according to the invention, then it is no longer necessary largely to stop the entire installation, because in each case at most a single strand or bundle is affected by such a break. Since the corresponding parts of the device are readily accessible without disturbance of the adjacent devices, it is possible to remedy the fault without putting the other parts of the installation out of operation.
In FIG. 2 the numbering is carried out in the same manner as in FIG. 1. The parts correspond essentially to one another; there it is merely shown that the after-treatment devices 21-21c can be followed by still further treatment devices. In the example represented there is shown a two-gearwheel curling device which is represented in each case at 27, 27a, 27b and 27c. The arrangement of such after-treatment devices is subject to the well-known variations which are available to skilled workers in the field. Thus, for example, it is possible to replace the gearwheel curling device represented in FIG. 2 by twisting devices, for example, false-twist devices or other texturizing devices. Also it is possible to provide the gearwheel arrangement between the two godets 22-22c and 23-23c, respectively. Which of the variations coming in question is chosen is governed according to the nature of the material to be worked, as well as according to the nature of the profile strand structure which is to be generated in each case.
In FIG. 3 there is represented another form of execution of the arrangement according to the invention. In order to make it possible to generate bicomponent strands, there are provided two extruders 1 and 1a with in each case separate filling hoppers 2 and 2a, as well as corresponding melt-discharge units 3 and 3a for the molten thermoplastic. The two extruder melt-discharge units are connected over lines 4 and 4a with separate pumps 5 and 5a and from there connected over melt lines 6 and 6a with the common nozzle unit 7. Instead of separate conveyance and metering pumps 5 and 5a there can, of course, be used double pumps, as is known per se. In the interior of the nozzle unit 7 the two plastic streams are fed in a known manner to the profile-forming nozzle openings and there united into a bicomponent strand. The other parts shown in the drawing correspond to those of FIG. 1, so that they are also provided with the same reference numbers. Following upon the stretching mechanisms 21-21c the monofile or multifile ribbon formations are conducted to the guide eyes 32-32c, from where they pass to ring-twist windings devices 28--28c, in themselves known. There they are twisted or twined in a known manner and wound into cops 29-29c.
The ring-twist winding devices are arranged in a known manner on a common rail or bench 30, which can be moved up and down in rhythm--for example hydraulically. These details of the device, however, are not represented in the drawing, since they are not per se the substance of the invention.
Merely by way of example, the strands 8-8c in the arrangement shown in FIG. 3 are conducted in each case directly from 18, i.e., without path-length compensation via loop formation, to the rollers 20-20c of the after-treatment devices. Depending on the required uniformity and the attainable quality, however, here, too, it is possible to use the loop formation represented in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, and conversely.
In order, if need be, to increase the cooling action on the freshly extruded profile strands and thereby to be able to reduce the structural length of the cooling shaft, it is further proposed that in addition to the blowing cool air that a fine water mist be sprayed into the cooling shaft.
It can also be desired that the freshly extruded profile strands are cooled only to such an extent that they stick together at least in places, and then yield an irregular net-type structure. This can be directly achieved by corresponding shortening of the cooling shaft to, for example, 0.5 to 0.7 m in length.
Finally, the freshly generated profile strand bundle after passing the cooling shaft can also be deflected in such a way that, for the purpose of final fixing, it runs in opposite direction again through the cooling shaft. This is represented in FIG. 4, where the downwardly running strand bundle 8-8c is deflected at roller 32 and then is conducted back upward in the shaft 9 and exits over the roller 33.
The special advantage of the measures proposed according to the invention are seen above all in the stretching units where the prior extremely space-consuming, troublesome section is subdivided into considerably simpler individual units. These are combined with the further-processing devices in common units. Hereby, in the first place, there is achieved an extremely space-saving construction of the entire installation. In the second place there is the further advantage that disturbances unavoidable in the stretching process do not affect the overall production, but rather only the individual part of the after-treatment device is affected. These disturbances can be eliminated with the minimum expenditure in personnel.
It is thought that the invention and its numerous attendant advantages will be fully understood from the foregoing description, and it is obvious that numerous changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, or sacrificing any of its attendant advantages, the forms herein disclosed being preferred embodiments for the purpose of illustrating the invention.
Schippers, Heinz, Lenk, Erich, Hensen, Friedhelm
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| Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
| Apr 29 1974 | Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / |
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