Illumination system utilizing two opposing DC lamps with an optimum barrel-shaped slit

Abstract

A symmetrical light intensity distribution profile is achieved by placing a pair of similar asymmetrical linear dc gas discharge lamps in parallel position but opposed in polarity. The individual asymmetrical distributions of the lamps combine in a symmetrical total intensity distribution. A desired "butterfly" or other intensity distribution profile can be achieved. The invention relates to an illumination system which provides nonuniform illumination along an object plane in the dimension of an illumination source which includes two linear lamps. The lamps have their anodes and cathodes connected in reverse fashion relative to each other; each lamp provides its own asymmetrical light output distribution pattern but the resultant output of both lamps is a symmetrical pattern which provides the characteristic nonuniform illumination on the object plane.

Description

and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 4,005,332 on Jan. 25, 1977 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

With respect to current, higher currents through a DC gas discharge lamp tend to accentuate the asymmetry of intensity distribution represented in FIGS. 3 and 5. Accordingly, higher currents will tend to increase the intensity contrast between the ends and the center of the FIG. 7 profile.

As to cold spot orientation, the asymmetry of FIGS. 3 and 5 is greater than when the cold spot is located at the cathode end of the lamp. Again, this variable can be used to accentuate the intensity profile of FIG. 7.

Gas or vapor pressure is also a factor here, the asymmetry of FIGS. 3 and 5 increasing as the lamp vapor pressure decreases. This again is variable to control the intensity profile of FIG. 7.

It will be apparent that this invention permits a control over the distribution of light output intensity along the length of a gas discharge lamp. This control capability finds one practical application in tailoring the illumination profile of an object which is to be optically imaged. Cos⁴ θ exposure attenuation at the image plane, and other factors such as exposure slit non-uniformity, can be compensated for to provide constant exposure across the breadth of the photoreceptor.

The foregoing description of an embodiment of this invention is given by way of illustration and not of limitation. The concept and scope of the invention are limited only by the following claims and equivalents thereof which may occur to others skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An optical system for projecting an image from an object plane to an image plane, including the following disposed along an optical axis:

a. an object platen to support an object in said object plane,

b. projection lens,

c. a photoreceptor disposed in said image plane, and

d. an illumination system source to illuminate said object platen including said source comprising:

1. a first linear lamp disposed adjacent to and parallel to said object platen, said first lamp being a dc gas discharge lamp having an anode at one end and a cathode at the other end thereof and having an a first asymmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity along its length,

2. a second linear lamp similar to the first and disposed parallel to said first lamp, with the anode and cathode of said second lamp disposed at the ends thereof in the reverse polarity with respect to said first lamp, the said second lamp having a second asymmetrical distribution pattern of light intensity opposite to that of said first asymmetrical distribution pattern, said first and second asymmetrical distribution patterns of light output intensity of said first and second lamps combining in a resultant symmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity to illuminate said object platen with non-uniform, symmetrical light intensity along the dimension of said platen corresponding to the length of said lamps to compensate for off-axis light attenuation at said image plane.

2. An optical system as defined in claim 1 in which said first and second linear lamps are disposed adjacent to each other forming an integral light source.

3. An optical system as defined in claim 2, further including a second such integral light source disposed parallel to the first and on the opposite side of said optical axis from said first integral light source.

4. An optical system as defined in claim 1, and further including:

means to effect scanning of said object platen by said illumination system source to incrementally illuminate portions of the object thereon,

a diaphragm defining an exposure slit adjacent to said photoreceptor to expose only a narrow strip of said photoreceptor to said image,

whereby a composite image is said illuminated portions are incrementally projected on said photoreceptor by said lens.

5. An optical system as defined in claim 4 in which said resultant symmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity is of a generally butterfly configuration corresponding to greater light intensity at the ends than at the center thereof.

6. A method of creating a symmetrical distribution pattern of light output intensity in an extended light source including:

placing a first linear dc gas discharge lamp and a second linear dc gas discharge lamp in parallel juxtaposition with their polarities opposed so that inherent asymmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity along said first lamp is substantially equal and opposed to the inherent asymmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity along said second lamp,

adjustably moving said lamps axially relative to each other to vary the symmetrical distribution pattern of light output intensity as desired.

7. In a photocopier, an optical system for illuminating a document to be copied at an object plane and for forming an image of said document at an imaging plane including an integral illumination source comprising the following disposed along an optical axis

(a) a first linear lamp disposed adjacent to and parallel to said object plane said first lamp being a dc gas discharge lamp having an anode at one end and a cathode at the other end thereof and having a first asymmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity along its length,

(b) a second linear lamp similar to the first and disposed parallel to said first lamp, with the anode and cathode of said second lamp disposed at the ends thereof in the reverse polarity with respect to said first lamp, said second lamp having a second asymmetrical distribution pattern of light intensity opposite to that of said first asymmetrical distribution pattern, said first and second asymmetrical distribution patterns of light output intensity combining in a resultant symmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity to illuminate said object plane with non-uniform symmetrical light intensity along the dimension of said object plane corresponding to the length of said lamps, and

means for forming an image of said document at said imaging plane. 8. An optical system as defined in claim 7 in which said first and second linear lamps are disposed adjacent to each other forming an integral light source. 9. An optical system as defined in claim 8, further including a second such integral light source disposed parallel to the first and on the opposite side of said optical axis from

said first integral light source. 10. An optical system for transmitting an image from an object in an object plane to an image plane, including the following disposed along an optical axis:

(a) an illumination source to illuminate said object plane including:

1. a first linear lamp disposed adjacent to and parallel to said object plane said first lamp being a dc gas discharge lamp having an anode at one end and a cathode at the other end thereof and having an asymmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity along its length,

2. a second linear lamp similar to the first and disposed parallel to said first lamp, with the anode and cathode of said second lamp disposed at the ends thereof in the reverse polarity with respect to said first lamp, the asymmetrical distribution patterns of light output intensity of said first and second lamps combining in a resultant symmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity to illuminate said object plane with a non-uniform symmetrical light intensity along the dimension of said platen corresponding to the length of said lamps, and

(b) light transmitting means adapted to image said illuminated object onto said image plane. 11. An optical system for transmitting an image of an object in an object plane onto a photosensitive image plane including the following disposed along an optical axis:

an illumination source to illuminate said object including

a first linear lamp disposed adjacent to and parallel to said object plane and on one side of the optical axis, said first lamp being a dc gas discharge lamp having an anode at one end and a cathode at the other end thereof and having a first asymmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity along its length,

a second linear lamp disposed in the same position relative to the object plane as said first lamp but on the opposite side of said optical axis, said second lamp being a dc gas discharge lamp with its anode and cathode connected at the ends thereof in reverse polarity with respect to said first lamp, said second lamp having a second asymmetrical distribution pattern of output light intensity along its length, said first and second lamps having a resultant symmetrical distribution of light output intensity at said object plane which is greater at the ends of the lamp combination then at the center,

means to effect scanning of said object plane by providing relative motion between said object plane and said illumination source thereby incrementally illuminating the object on said object plane with said resultant light pattern, and

light transmitting means adapted to image said illuminated object onto said

photosensitive image plane. 12. An optical system as defined in claim 1 further including means to move said first and second lamps axially relative to each other whereby said non-uniform symmetrical light intensity along the platen dimension is varied. 13. An optical system as defined in claim 1 wherein said linear lamps are low pressure fluorescent lamps. 14. A photocopier as defined in claim 7 wherein said linear lamps are low pressure fluorescent lamps. 15. An optical system as defined in claim 11 wherein said linear lamps are low pressure fluorescent lamps.