Method of employing a balloon tube for creating a thrombosis of vessels located directly under the surface of a body cavity which is difficult to reach, through the initiation of an electric current between the balloon which is deflated as introduced into the body cavity and which is inflated by introducing a fluid on the spot and an outside electrode. The fluid which is used to inflate the balloon is electrically conductive and the balloon wall is semi-permeable for the fluid.
|
9. An apparatus for inducing thrombosis in hard to reach blood vessels within a living body comprising
a cylindrical tube having multiple lateral passageways, an electrically conductive fluid located within the tube, a balloon having a membrane wall semipermeable to the fluid surrounding a portion of the cylindrical tube containing the passageways, a counter electrode adapted to be located outside the body and an electrically conductive wire electrically connecting the fluid and the electrode.
1. Method for creating a thrombosis in a blood vessel located directly under the surface of a body cavity which is difficult to reach comprising
inserting a deflated balloon containing a cylindrical tube into the body cavity, the tube having openings to the balloon, inflating the balloon by introducing an electrically conductive fluid into the tube, the balloon having an exterior wall semi-permeable to the fluid, contacting a conductive wire to the conductive fluid to provide a connection to an electrode outside the body and initiating an electric current between the balloon and the electrode located outside the body cavity.
2. The method according to
7. The method according to
8. The method according to
11. An apparatus according to
14. An apparatus for intravascular use within a living body comprising:
a cylindrical tube having multiple lateral passageways, an electrically conductive fluid located within the tube, a balloon having a membrane wall semipermeable to the fluid surrounding a portion of the cylindrical tube containing the passageways, and a counter electrode adapted to be located outside the body and electrically connected to the fluid.15. An apparatus according to inserting a deflated balloon containing a cylindrical tube into the blood vessel, the tube having openings to the balloon, inflating the balloon by introducing an electrically conductive fluid into the tube, the balloon having an exterior wall semi-permeable to the fluid, electrically connecting the fluid to an electrode located outside the blood vessel; and initiating an electric current between the balloon and
the electrode located outside the blood vessel.19. The method according to claim 18 wherein a wire is inserted through the cylindrical tube and is connected to the electrode located outside the blood vessel.20. The method according to claim 19 wherein the fluid introduced is normal saline solution.21. The method according to claim 18 wherein the fluid introduced is normal saline solution.22. The method according to claim 21 further comprising the step of adding a medicament to the fluid.23. The method according to claim 18 further comprising the step of adding a medicament to the fluid.24. The apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the conductive fluid comprises electrode gel. |
Application Ser. No. 08/120,212, filed Sep. 10, 1993, and application Ser. No. 08/785,445, filed Jan. 17, 1997, are copending applications which are each reissues of application Ser. No. 07/518,163, filed Oct. 22, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,047,028.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to methods employing balloon tubes in medical practice. More particularly, the invention concerns a method of using a balloon tube for inducing thrombosis in blood vessels located directly under the surface of a cavity in the body which is difficult to reach.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Balloon tubes are known from T. V. Taylor and J. M. M. Neilson's article "Currents and Clots"--an approach to the problem of acute variceal bleeding". Br. J. Surg. Vol. 68 (1981) 692-696. It is known how to stop bleeding of vessels located directly under the surface of a difficult to reach body cavity, through thrombosis by introducing a deflated balloon tube into the body cavity and then inflating it by applying a fluid at the correct position. The balloon tube from the previous proposal is furnished with electrodes on its outer surface. These electrodes are supplied with a voltage across an electrically conductive wire. An electrode, possibly placed on the patient's back, can serve as an oppositely charged electrode. The electric current which arises through the application of voltage between the two electrodes induces thrombosis and therefore acts to stop the bleeding of the vessels.
Such thrombosis in bleeding vessels is indicated especially for oesophageal varices but could also be involved in bleeding in other body cavities.
The balloon tube which is known from the above-named article has not been able to assert itself in practice, since the resistance between the electrode and the surface of the body cavity is not defined.
The aim of the invention is to further develop the balloon tube as it is already known, so that it suffices for the demands of practical use.
Through this invention this problem can be solved by the fact that the fluid which serves to inflate the balloon is capable of carrying an electric current and the membrane wall of the balloon is semi-permeable for the fluid.
The wire, which is to be led through the tube, should preferably be made of platinum.
Normal saline solution can be used as the fluid. Other electrically conductive fluids, such as electrode gel, can be used. The fluid can also serve as a conductor of medication.
The invention is explained by the following description and drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through the balloon tube, whereby the upper part of the tube has been cut off and
FIG. 2 shows a cross-section along the line II--II from FIG. 1.
Throughout the following detailed description, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements in all figures.
The balloon tube which has been used corresponds in its appearance at first glance to a normal Sengstaken-Tube. It consists of a tube 10 and a balloon 12 located near the end of tube 10. Tube 10 is furnished with openings 14 in the area in which the tube 10 is led through balloon 12, A conductive wire 16 is led through tube 10. Preferably, the conductive wire is made from platinum.
As an example, to stop bleedings of the oesophageal varices, the balloon tube is introduced into the oesophagus, whereby balloon 12 is deflated. When the desired place has been reached, a conductive fluid, for example, normal saline solution, is introduced into the tube 10. The fluid enters balloon 12 through the openings 14 in tube 10 and fills it. The balloon membrane walls 18 are of a semipermeable nature. Therefore, a small amount of the conducting fluid flows through the balloon walls 18. The balloon wall 18 offers no significant electrical resistance.
A counter electrode 20 with a large surface area is applied to the chest area of the patient in the case of thrombosis of oesophageal varices.
By applying a source of voltage between the platinum wire 16 and the counter electrode 20 with opposite charge, a current arises between these two which induces the desired thrombosis through the choice of a suitable voltage difference between them.
The special wire 16 is not absolutely necessary, but rather the conductive fluid found in the tube also can be used as an electric conductor. Tube 10 is not semi-permeable and therefore offers considerable electric resistance.
Instead of a normal saline solution, a substance such as electrode gel, for example, also can be used as a conducting fluid.
The balloon tube suggested here can further be used for example for the treatment of post-operative rebleedings after urethra operations or by lower intestinal bleedings or also by nasopharyngeal bleedings.
A further method is to add medicaments to the conducting fluid which induce blood-stanching over an iontophoretic tissue diffusion.
Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
7008441, | Mar 14 2001 | Cardiodex | Balloon method and apparatus for vascular closure following arterial catheterization |
7115127, | Feb 04 2003 | CARDIODEX LTD | Methods and apparatus for hemostasis following arterial catheterization |
8366706, | Aug 15 2007 | CARDIODEX LTD | Systems and methods for puncture closure |
8372072, | Feb 04 2003 | Cardiodex Ltd. | Methods and apparatus for hemostasis following arterial catheterization |
8435236, | Nov 22 2004 | CARDIODEX LTD | Techniques for heat-treating varicose veins |
Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
2123980, | |||
3411507, | |||
3618601, | |||
3716054, | |||
3991755, | Jul 27 1973 | Medicon, Inc. | Iontophoresis apparatus for applying local anesthetics |
4250878, | Nov 22 1978 | IOMED, INC A CORP OF UT | Non-invasive chemical species delivery apparatus and method |
4309989, | Feb 09 1976 | FAHIM, MOSTAFA, S , | Topical application of medication by ultrasound with coupling agent |
4383529, | Nov 03 1980 | Wescor, Inc. | Iontophoretic electrode device, method and gel insert |
4405311, | Dec 08 1980 | GREATBATCH ENTERPRISES, INC | Method and apparatus for direct electrical injection of gold ions into tissue such as bone |
4411648, | Jun 11 1981 | Board of Regents, The University of Texas System | Iontophoretic catheter device |
4506680, | Mar 17 1983 | Medtronic, Inc.; MEDTRONIC, INC , A CORP OF MN | Drug dispensing body implantable lead |
4522205, | Sep 03 1980 | Bard Limited | Therapeutic device and method of inducing thrombosis in a blood vessel |
4569673, | Jan 12 1984 | BRIDGE BLOOD TECHNOLOGIES LLC, NEW YORK LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY | Bacterial barrier for indwelling catheters and other medical devices |
4574807, | Mar 02 1984 | BRUNSWICK BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC , A MA CORP | Method and apparatus for pacing the heart employing external and internal electrodes |
4577642, | Feb 27 1985 | Medtronic, Inc. | Drug dispensing body implantable lead employing molecular sieves and methods of fabrication |
4717381, | May 13 1985 | Kos Medical Technologies, Ltd. | Hydrodynamically propelled catheter |
4752285, | Mar 19 1986 | UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH FOUNDATION, THE, SALT LAKE CITY, UT A CORP OF UT | Methods and apparatus for iontophoresis application of medicaments |
4767402, | Jul 08 1986 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Ultrasound enhancement of transdermal drug delivery |
4776349, | Oct 04 1985 | Tubular device for the treatment of hollow organs with electric current | |
4877031, | Jul 22 1988 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Steerable perfusion dilatation catheter |
4892519, | Dec 03 1987 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Steerable perfusion dilatation catheter |
4915685, | Mar 19 1986 | IOMED, INC | Methods and apparatus for iontophoresis application of medicaments at a controlled ph through ion exchange |
4944745, | Feb 29 1988 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc | Perfusion balloon catheter |
4960133, | Nov 21 1988 | BRUNSWICK BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC , A MA CORP | Esophageal electrode |
4979948, | Apr 13 1989 | PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION, WEST LAFAYETTE, IN A CORP OF IN | Method and apparatus for thermally destroying a layer of an organ |
4994033, | May 25 1989 | SciMed Life Systems, INC; Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc | Intravascular drug delivery dilatation catheter |
5135477, | Oct 29 1984 | ALZA CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF DE | Iontophoretic drug delivery |
578611, | |||
600290, | |||
791730, | |||
866180, | |||
873021, | |||
DE3516830A1, | |||
DE3809815A1, | |||
EP438078A2, | |||
EP119296, | |||
SU1069826, | |||
SU1069827, | |||
SU322202, | |||
SU843999, | |||
WO9119529, |
Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
Sep 10 1993 | SciMed Life Systems, Inc. | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / | |||
Jan 19 1994 | WILLY RUSCH, AG | SciMed Life Systems, INC | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 007311 | /0761 | |
Jan 01 2005 | SciMed Life Systems, INC | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc | CHANGE OF NAME SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 018505 | /0868 |
Date | Maintenance Fee Events |
Mar 09 1999 | M184: Payment of Maintenance Fee, 8th Year, Large Entity. |
Dec 30 2002 | M1553: Payment of Maintenance Fee, 12th Year, Large Entity. |
Date | Maintenance Schedule |
Mar 24 2001 | 4 years fee payment window open |
Sep 24 2001 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
Mar 24 2002 | patent expiry (for year 4) |
Mar 24 2004 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 4) |
Mar 24 2005 | 8 years fee payment window open |
Sep 24 2005 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
Mar 24 2006 | patent expiry (for year 8) |
Mar 24 2008 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 8) |
Mar 24 2009 | 12 years fee payment window open |
Sep 24 2009 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
Mar 24 2010 | patent expiry (for year 12) |
Mar 24 2012 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 12) |