The present invention relates to a turning insert that comprises a generally rectangularly shaped body having a front end surface with a main cutting edge at the intersection between the front end surface and an upper land area. A chipforming area is provided in the forward portion of the upper surface and is shaped in the form of a number of distinctly provided recesses and ridges in order to promote improved chip control and to obtain narrower chips in grooving operations.
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0. 14. A generally rectangularly shaped metal cutting insert for turning and grooving operations, comprising upper and lower surfaces, two oppositely disposed side surfaces interconnecting the upper and lower surfaces, and front and rear end surfaces each intersecting the upper and lower surfaces and the side surfaces, a front portion of the upper surface including a main cutting edge formed by the intersection between the upper surface and the from surface, a chipforming area disposed inside of the main cutting edge and a chip breaking rear wall disposed inside of the chipforming area and extending upwardly therefrom, the chipforming area being formed by a plurality of first recesses centrally located on the upper surface, each of the recesses being located at a predetermined distance inside the main cutting edge and having an elongated extension in a direction parallel with a longitudinal extension of the insert, a flat land area being provided between the main cutting edge and the first recesses, the chipforming area including a further recess which curves inwardly and downwardly from the flat land area at a smaller depth than a depth of the first recesses, the further recess curving upwardly to form the chip breaking rear wall, lateral edges of the further recess being defined by two first ridge portions that extend rearwardly in a converging manner toward each other, said two first ridge portions merging at rearward points thereof with respective integral second ridge portions, the second ridge portions extending essentially perpendicularly with respect to the main cutting edge.
1. A generally rectangularly shaped metal cutting insert for turning and grooving operations, comprising upper and lower front-to-rear extending surfaces, two oppositely disposed side surfaces interconnecting said upper and lower front-to-rear extending surfaces, and front and rear end surfaces each intersecting said upper and lower front-to-rear extending surfaces and said side surfaces, a front portion of said upper surface including a main cutting edge formed by the intersection between said upper surface and said front surface, a chipforming area disposed inside of said main cutting edge and a chip breaking rear wall disposed inside of said chipforming area and extending upwardly therefrom, the chipforming area being formed by a plurality of first recesses centrally located on the upper surface, each of said recesses being located at a predetermined distance inside the said cutting edge and having an elongated extension in a direction parallel with a longitudinal extension of the insert, second recesses shorter in length along the longitudinal extension of the insert being arranged on either side of said centrally provided first recesses, a flat land area being provided between said main cutting edge and said first and second recesses, the chipforming area including a further recess which curves inwardly and downwardly from said flat land area at a smaller depth than the a depth of said first and second recesses, said further recess curving upwardly to form said chip breaking rear wall the , lateral extension edges of the said further recess being confined defined by two first ridge portions that converge rearwardly and merge at a rearward point extend rearwardly in a converging manner toward each other, said two first ridge portions merging at rearward points thereof with respective integral second ridge portions, said second ridge portions extending essentially perpendicularly with respect to said main cutting edge.
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An insert 10 according to the invention is shown in the drawing figures. The insert is in the shape of a polygonal body of generally parallepipedic shape. It comprises two mainly plane-parallel side surfaces 11, 12, opposed top and bottom surfaces 14 and 13, respectively, two end surfaces 15, 16, and a shoulder 17. The front portion of the insert is provided with a main cutting edge 18 and a chip forming area 19. The insert is intended to be secured to a holder body 20 (
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The bottom surface 13 of the insert is intended to be a first support surface for the insert against the holder body and a portion of the bottom surface 13 is parallel with a neutral plane P (
The cutting edge 18 is straight and is formed along the intersecting line of a clearance face 16 and a primary land 27. The clearance face 16, which is the front end surface of the insert, forms an acute angle α, about 1°C-15°C with a normal/N drawn to the primary land 27 (FIG. 2). The primary land 27 coincides with the neutral plane P.
The primary land 27 is bordered radially inwardly by an array of spaced recesses or grooves 28 extending on the rake face of the insert starting from the primary land 27. The width of the primary land 27 varies along the edge 18 such that the width of the primary land 27 is smaller at those portions located next to the front end portions of each recess 28 whereas the width is larger at inclined rake surface portions 29 located therebetween (FIG. 3). The maximum width of each recess 28 is preferably larger than the distance between the depressions. Each recess 28 has a depth initially increasing in a direction away from said primary land and thereafter decreasing in that direction. There are a number of the centrally provided oval-shaped recesses 28 having a longitudinal extension, extending perpendicularly from the cutting edge 18, that is several times larger than the width of the respective recess 28. Additionally there is, on each side of the central group of oval-shaped recesses 28, a recess 30 having a larger width and shorter length than each of the central recesses 28.
Also formed in the top surface 14 of the insert is a recess 31, which curves inwardly and downwardly from the primary land surface 27 and then curves upwardly to form a rear wall or chip deflector surface 32. The chip deflector surface 32 terminates in a plateau 33 located approximately at the same level as the neutral plane P.
The chipforming area 19 additionally includes a pair of ridges one of which extends from the outer periphery of a respective one of the recesses 30. More specifically, a front ridge portion 34a and 34b are so formed that they converge rearwardly, and they extend rearwardly to the point where they meet with rear ridge portions 35a and 35b which are mutually parallel and extend essentially perpendicularly from the cutting edge 18. Furthermore, the front ridge portions 34a and 34b are formed with a top surface that is raised rearwardly until the location where the front ridge portion 34a, 34b intersects with the rear, straight rear ridge portions 35a, 35b at which intersection the top surface of the rear ridge portion has a level that remains constant further rearwardly. The level of the upper surface of the rear ridge portions 35a, 35b is located somewhat above, and generally parallel to, the plane P.
By arranging the ridges as aforesaid, it is ensured that the chip remains in contact with the forward ridge portions 34a, 34b and that the central portion of the chip is urged deeper into the recess 31. This arrangement further ensures that the total width of the chip is made narrower and becomes more easily manageable so that no harm is made from the chip to the side wails of the groove which is to be formed by the insert during cutting in a metal workpiece.
The forward end of the insert 10 additionally is provided with side cutting edges 36a and 36b, which merge rearwardly to an intermediate position along the insert, while intersecting with the primary land surface 27 which extends along both the main cutting edge 18 and along the side cutting edges 36a, 36b. The clearance faces of the side cutting edges 36a, 36b are designated 11a and 11b. Each clearance face 11a, 11b intersects with the land surface 27 at an acute angle β (FIG. 6).
By virtue of the particular construction of the chip forming area as aforesaid, it is possible to obtain desirable clock-shaped chips 37 such as shown in FIG. 10. These chips 37 can be obtained at a feed rate of 0.30 mm/revolution. If no proper chip deflection area is provided on the upper rake surface of the insert, chips obtained would otherwise be difficult to manage. Also, at moderate feed rates, the chip forming area of this invention effectively contributes to the control and removal of such chips. When large feeds are used, the chip will be pressed against the rear wall 32 of recess 31 which forces the chip to be bent in a favorable manner.
The embodiment described above also results in a certain reduction of the cutting forces because the grooves or recesses 28, 30 reduce the contact area and increase the positive rake angle. Due to the fact that a reduced contact area is obtained, a relatively low heat generation is obtained.
The principles, preferred embodiments and mode of operation of the present invention have been described. Variations and changes may be made and are contemplated within the invention to the extent such variation and changes fail within the scope of the appended claims.
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Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
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May 16 2005 | Sandvik AB | SANDVIK INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HB | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016290 | /0628 | |
Jun 30 2005 | SANDVIK INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HB | Sandvik Intellectual Property Aktiebolag | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016621 | /0366 |
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