A method of X-ray photography or a method of some other type of radiation sensoring, such as electronic image storage, employs the use of a receptor unit (2) which can be swung outwards and upwards from an initial position in or beneath a patient support table (1) about alternative pivot centers (11, 12) disposed in the region of respective side edges of the table to alternative positions for operating with a horizontal beam path. The receptor unit can be swung out about a vertical axis from these positions in which it is parallel with the longitudinal direction of the table to a position in which it is parallel with the longitudinal direction of the table to a position in which the unit is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the table, to enable pictures to be taken of a patient seated in a wheelchair, for instance. The invention also relates to a patient support table (1) provided with a receptor unit (2) of this kind.
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1. A method relating to radiation sensing using a beam source which can be adjusted for at least one of horizontal, vertical and angled beam paths and a receptor unit (2) which can be swung out and up from a position beneath a top surface of a table to a vertical position on one side of and parallel with the table comprising the steps of:
(1) swinging the receptor unit (2) to at least one of two alternative positions outside each table side edge; and (2) swinging the receptor unit (2) upwards to a vertical position about a horizontal axle (10); wherein said receptor unit being swung through the medium of pivot centres (11, 12), has vertical axles in the region of each side edge of the table (1).
0. 62. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to x-rays impinging thereon; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor, said table having a length and sides spaced in a direction transverse to the table length; and an articulated structure supported by the table and supporting the x-ray receptor for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a plurality of x-ray protocols comprising at least a position for cross-table imaging with the receptor being selectively at each side of the table; said articulated structure being supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of said x-ray receptor to each of said positions; and a support for the table.
0. 44. An x-ray system electronically forming x-ray images, comprising:
a patient table having a top with left and right sides; an x-ray receptor for producing x-ray images electronically; and an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not an x-ray source, for selective relative movement between the table and the structure to selectively position the x-ray receptor at each of a position at the left side of the patient table for cross-table imaging of a patient on the table top and a position at the right side of the patient table for cross-table imaging from the left side of the patient, said movement taking place without moving the patient or the patient table to accomplish the movement; said articulated structure having a portion remaining at a fixed position relative to the table top in the course of said movement.
0. 73. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to x-rays impinging thereon; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor, said table having a length and a width; and an articulated structure supported by the table and supporting the x-ray receptor for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a plurality of x-ray protocols comprising at least a position with the receptor at least at one side and generally above to the table and extending away from the table in a direction normal to the length of the table, and a position for imaging with the receptor at least at one side of the table and generally below the table; said articulated structure being supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of said x-ray receptor to each of said positions; and a support for the table.
0. 68. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to x-rays impinging thereon; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor, said table having a length and a width; and an articulated structure supported by the table and supporting the x-ray receptor for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a plurality of x-ray protocols comprising at least a position for cross-table imaging with the receptor at least at one side of and generally above the table and extending in a direction non-normal to the length of the table, and a position for imaging with the receptor at least at one side of the table and generally below the table; said articulated structure being supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of said x-ray receptor to each of said positions; and a support for the table.
0. 61. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to x-rays impinging thereon; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor, said table having a length and a width; and an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not an x-ray source, for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a plurality of x-ray protocols comprising at least a position for through-table imaging with the receptor under the table, a position with the receptor at least at one side and generally above to the table and extending away from the table, and a position with the receptor at least at one side of and generally below the table; and supports for the table and articulated structure; said articulated structure being supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of said x-ray receptor to each of said positions.
0. 48. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
a filmless x-ray receptor producing x-ray images in response to x-rays impinging thereon; an x-ray source emitting a beam of x-rays; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor; an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not the x-ray source, for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a variety of x-ray protocols comprising at least a position for through-table imaging with the x-ray beam substantially vertical and the receptor under the table, and a position for cross-table lateral imaging with the x-ray beam being substantially horizontal and the receptor being selectively at the right side and the left side of the patient; wherein said motion of the x-ray receptor maintains source-receptor centering at said positions and does not require moving the patient; and wherein a portion of said articulated structure remains at a fixed position relative to the table during said motion.
0. 77. A method of x-ray imaging with an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically comprising:
providing an x-ray source selectively emitting a beam of x-rays, an x-ray receptor selectively producing x-ray imaged electronically, and a patient table top for supporting a patient between the source and receptor; moving the x-ray source and an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not the source, between a position under the table top for through-table imaging in which the x-ray source is above the patient, a position at the left side of the table top in which the x-ray source is to the right of the patient, and a position at the right side of the table top in which the x-ray source is to the left of the patient; wherein in each of said positions the x-ray source is centered on the receptor to direct the x-ray beam at the x-ray receptor for imaging the patient with x-rays; and wherein said articulated structure is supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of the x-ray receptor to each of said positions.
0. 53. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to x-rays impinging thereon; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor, said table having a length and a width; and an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a plurality of x-ray protocols comprising at least a position for through-table imaging with the receptor under the table, a position for cross-table imaging with the receptor at least at one side and generally above to the table and extending along a direction non-normal to the length of the table, and a position for imaging of a seated patient or the knees of a standing patient with the receptor at least at one side of the table and generally below the table; and supports for the table and articulated structure; said articulated structure being supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of said x-ray receptor to each of said positions.
0. 51. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to x-rays impinging thereon; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor, said table having a length and a width; and an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not an x-ray source, for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a plurality of x-ray protocols comprising at least a position for through-table imaging with the receptor under the table, a position for cross-table lateral imaging with the receptor at least at one side and generally above and along the length of the table, and a position for cross-table oblique imaging with the receptor at least at one side of the table and generally above and angled relative to the length of the table; and supports for the table and articulated structure; wherein said articulated structure is supported at a mounting location not required to change relative to the patient table for movement of the x-ray receptor to each of said positions.
0. 57. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to x-rays impinging thereon; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor, said table having a length and a width; and an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not an x-ray source, for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a plurality of x-ray protocols comprising at least a position for through-table imaging with the receptor under the table, a position for cross-table imaging with the receptor at least at one side and generally above the table and extending in a direction non-normal to the length of the table, and a position for imaging of a patient with the receptor at least at one side of the table and generally above the table and extending away from the table in a direction substantially normal to the length of the table; and supports for the table and articulated structure; said articulated structure being supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of said x-ray receptor to each of said positions.
0. 64. A system for positioning an x-ray receptor for diagnostic protocols comprising:
an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to x-rays impinging thereon; a patient table for supporting a patient between the source and receptor, said table having a length and sides spaced from each other in a width direction; and an articulated structure supported by the table and supporting the x-ray receptor for selective motion relative to the table to respective positions for a plurality of x-ray protocols comprising at least a first position for cross-table imaging with the receptor at least at one side of the table and extending in a direction non-normal to the length of the table, and a second position for imaging with the receptor at least at one side of the table and extending in direction away from the table and normal to the length of the table; said articulated structure being supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of said x-ray receptor to each of said positions; and a support for the table; wherein at least one of said first and second positions selectively includes a position at each side of the table.
8. A patient support table equipped with a receptor unit and intended for radiation sensing, wherein the receptor unit (2):
is supported for movement is a X-direction, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the table; is adapted for coaction with a beam source which is movable in the X-direction, a Y-direction, which is parallel to the transverse direction of the table and in a Z-direction; is capable of being swung about a horizontal axle; and is capable of being swung out and up about a vertical and a horizontal axle from a position beneath a top surface of the table to a position on one side of and parallel with the table; and is carried by arms (7, 9) which are joined together, by a link (8), through the medium of pivot centres (11, 12) having vertical axles in the region of each side edge of the table (1), to enable the receptor unit (2) to be swung out to alterative positions on each side of the table (1) and swung up to a position in which the receptor unit is parallel with the table for operating with a horizontal beam path, this latter movement of the receptor unit being possible by virtue of a horizontal hinge (10) which connects said unit to one (9) of said arms.
0. 20. An x-ray system electronically forming x-ray images, comprising:
a patient table having a top elongated in a head-feet direction and left and right sides; an articulated structure supported at a selected position relative to the patient table for selective relative movement between at least portions of said articulated structure and the table top; an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to receipt of x-rays; said articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not an x-ray source, for selective movement to and maintenance of each of a position of the receptor under the patient table top for through-table imaging, a position of the receptor at the left side of the patient table, and a position of the receptor at the right side of the patient table; wherein when in either of said positions at the left and at the right side of the patient table, the x-ray receptor is selectively in each of a position substantially along the patient table top and a position transverse to the patient table top; wherein when in said position transverse to the patient table top, the x-ray receptor is selectively in each of a position generally above the patient table top and a position generally below the patient table top; and wherein when in said position generally above the patient table top, the receptor is selectively in each of a position substantially parallel to the length of the patient table top, a position substantially normal to the length of the patient table top, and a position angled to the length of the patient table top.
0. 32. An x-ray system comprising:
a patient table having a top extending in a head-feet direction and left and right sides; an x-ray source selectively producing a beam of x-rays; an x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically in response to an impinging two-dimensional distribution of x-ray intensities within said beam of x-rays; and an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not the x-ray source, for selective movement relative to the patient table top between positions including each of a position under the patient table top for through-table x-ray imaging with the x-ray source above the table top, a position at the left side of the patient table and transverse to and generally above the patient table top for cross-table x-ray imaging with the x-ray source generally above and at the right side of the patient table, and a position at the right side and transverse to the patient table top for cross-table imaging with the x-ray source generally above and at the left side of the patient table; wherein each of said positions of the x-ray receptor transverse to the patient table top and at the left and right sides of the patient table for cross-table x-ray imaging includes a position in which the x-ray receptor is selectively in a position substantially parallel to the length of the patient table top for cross-table lateral x-ray imaging and a position in which the x-ray receptor is angled to the length of the patient table for cross-table oblique x-ray imaging; said articulated structure being supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of said x-ray receptor to each of said positions.
0. 76. A method of x-ray imaging with a filmless x-ray receptor producing x-ray images electronically comprising:
providing an x-ray source selectively emitting a beam of x-rays, a filmless x-ray receptor for producing x-ray imaged electronically, and a patient table top for supporting a patient between the source and receptor; moving the x-ray source and an articulated structure supporting the x-ray receptor, but not the source, between the following positions of the receptor and corresponding positions of the source in which the x-ray beam is directed at the receptor; a position under the table top for through-table imaging, a position at the left side of the table top, and a position at the right side of the table top; wherein each of said positions at the left and at the right side of the patient table top includes a position in which the x-ray receptor is substantially along the patient table top and a position in which the x-ray receptor is transverse to the patient table top; wherein when in said position transverse to the patient table top, the x-ray receptor is selectively in each of a position generally above the patient table top and a position generally below the patient table top; wherein when in said position generally above the patient table top, the receptor is selectively in each of a position substantially parallel to the length of the patient table top, a position substantially normal to the length of the patient table top, and a position angled to the length of the patient table top; and wherein said articulated structure is supported at a mounting location not required to change for movement of the x-ray receptor to each of said positions.
2. A method according to
positioning respective pivot centres (11, 12) in an X-direction, which is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the table, and in a Y-direction, which is parallel to a transverse direction of the table, wherein centering of the beam source in the X-direction will be the same with both horizontal and vertical beam paths.
3. A method according to
swinging the receptor unit (2) outwardly to at least one of said alternative outwardly and upwardly swung positions to a position in which said unit is perpendicular to the X-direction.
4. A method according to
(1) moving the receptor unit in a X-direction with corresponding, automatic movement of the beam source; and (2) adjusting said source for horizontal beam path onto the receptor unit subsequent to having swung said unit outward and upward outside a side edge of the table.
5. A method according to
supporting the receptor unit (2) with the aid of a support element (15) mounted on at least one of a frame structure which is fixed relative to the table, and on a carriage which is movable in a X-direction in relation to said table, wherein the receptor unit can be moved in the Y-direction relative to the element (15).
6. A method according to
at least one of raising and lowering the receptor unit from an outwardly swung, horizontal positions on one side of the table (1) to a vertical position at least one of above and beneath the table, by pivoting said receptor unit about mutually parallel axles (10; 21) located on mutually different levels.
7. A method according to
pivoting the receptor unit (2) in an outwardly swung and upwardly swung vertical position about a central, vertical axle (22) for operating with an angled beam path.
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The reference numeral 1 used in the various Figures identifies a patient support table for use in X-ray photography or in some other type of beam sensing, such as electronic image storage, for instance. The patient support table is supported on telescopic legs 1a provided with floor plates 1b, which enable the table to be adjusted vertically.
The table includes a recess or aperture 5 for the accommodation of a receptor unit, generally referenced 2. The receptor unit can be moved in the X-direction, i.e. in the longitudinal direction of the table. Some of the
The receptor unit 2 is intended for coaction with a beam source (not shown) which can be moved in the X-direction, the Y-direction, i.e. transversely to the long axis of the table, and in the Z-direction, i.e. in a vertical direction. The beam source can also be swung about a horizontal axle.
The receptor unit 2 is supported by arms 7, 9 which are joined together via a link 8 and which coact with pivot centres 11, 12 having vertical pivot axles located in the region of each side edge of the table, such as to enable the receptor unit to be swung out to alternative positions on each side of the table. The arm 9 is connected to the receptor unit 2 by means of a horizontal hinge 10. The receptor unit 2 can thus be swung out from the initial position A shown in
The receptor unit shown in
The receptor can be swung up about the horizontal hinge 9 from the position B shown in
The vertical axle 11 enables the receptor unit to be swung from position C to a position D, shown in
In
The receptor unit can be swung up from the position E shown in
The various Figures illustrate that when applying the inventive method, the beam can be kept centered in the X-direction in the transition between the vertical beam direction and the two horizontal beam directions, in accordance with the position shown in
The pivot axle about which the receptor unit is swung up is placed so that when the unit is in an upwardly swung position, the bottom edge of the unit will be located roughly in the plane of the table top or above the table top, for instance at a distance of 20 mm therefrom.
One advantage is that the operating unit 2a, 2b is located on the same side of the table as the radiologist or his/her assistant, therewith facilitating operation.
a) is the width of the receptor unit in the X-direction;
b) is the length of the unit in the Y-direction;
c) is the distance between the two pivot centres 11 and 12;
d) is the width of the table;
e) is the distance in the Y-direction between the receptor unit and the pivot centre 11;
f) is the distance between one side edge of the table and the pivot centre 12;
g) is the distance in the Y-direction between the opposite side edge of the table and one end edge of the receptor unit in position B;
h) is the distance between this last-mentioned side edge and the pivot centre 11;
x) is the distance in the X-direction between the centre point of the receptor unit in position A and the pivot centres 11, 12;
y) is the distance in the Y-direction between the centre point of the receptor unit in position A and the pivot centres 11, 12; and
h) is a radius corresponding to the length of the link 8.
The following relationships will thus apply:
x=Y=z/2
e=(c-b)/2
f=(d-c)/2
g=(2×c-a-d)/2
h=(c-a)/2
Table 1 below lists measurements which can be applied and calculated with regard to a constructional design preferred in practice.
TABLE 1 | |||||||
Variable | Distance | Variable | |||||
Receptor | Receptor | Axle | Table | centre | Centre | Receptor | Center |
width | depth | distance | width | Receptor | Receptor | Plate | Receptor |
a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
479 | 580 | 590 | 700 | 20 | 55 | 1 | 56 |
564 | 580 | 590 | 700 | 20 | 55 | -42 | 13 |
479 | 580 | 600 | 700 | 40 | 50 | 11 | 61 |
564 | 580 | 600 | 700 | 40 | 50 | -32 | 18 |
479 | 580 | 610 | 700 | 60 | 45 | 21 | 66 |
564 | 580 | 610 | 700 | 60 | 45 | -22 | 23 |
The Table shows the aforesaid relationships in one application example, in which c and f are variables.
In the case of the illustrated embodiment, the element 15 includes three rollers 16 which are carried for rotation on three horizontal axles 17 and which are disposed in an elongated slot 19 provided in a further element 18 and functioning to guide movement of the further element 18 in relation to the first-mentioned element 15.
The further element 19 18 is provided at one end with a bearing block 19a which coacts with a corresponding bearing block 7a on a corresponding end of the arm 7. The arm 7 of this embodiment is thus journalled more stably about the axle 12 than in the aforedescribed embodiment.
The other end of the arm 7 includes a bearing block 7b which coacts with a bearing element 8 8a corresponding to the bearing element 7a on the arm 7, this arrangement corresponding functionally to the link element 8 of the aforedescribed embodiments. The journal axle of this embodiment is referenced 11, as is the former cases.
For the purpose of supporting the receptor unit 2, the arm 9 is firmly secured with the aid of an intermediate element 6 26 which is embraced by a U-shaped block 20 which is connected to the intermediate element 26 in a manner to allow the block 20 to pivot about the horizontal axle 10. As will be seen from
In
The receptor unit 2 is swung down around the axle 21, which is parallel with the axle 10 but located on a lower level than said axle.
The intermediate element 26 supports the receptor unit 2 through the medium of a plate 24. As will be seen from
When the receptor-unit support element 15 forms part of a carriage which can be moved in the X-direction, the receptor unit can be moved in the X-direction from the position shown in FIG. 18. The beam source will normally accompany this movement of the receptor unit automatically. Movement of the unit in the X-direction and in the Y-direction can be achieved with the aid of appropriate motors (not shown).
As indicated in
Other modifications of the invention are possible within the scope of its basic concept as expressed in the following Claims. For instance, the receptor unit may be accommodated in a frame which carries a table top, for instance a "floating" table top, i.e., a table top that is movable in the X-direction and/or the Y-direction.
The trend towards the development of filmless systems in which images are produced and stored electronically is particularly well served by the inventive method and the inventive patient support table. Because of the complexity of such electronic systems and because of the cost of such systems in which the receptor is connected directly to an evaluating unit, it is of extreme importance that the receptor can be used universally, therewith avoiding loose film cassettes, for instance.
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