A caliper type bow string release includes a reversible trigger which is operable selectively in either the push fire mode or the pull fire mode. The caliper jaws of the release include automatic alignment and locking features. movement of the string into the release mechanism engages the automatic locking mechanism and closes the release into a string retaining position until the release is fired by activation of the trigger. A complex cam surface is provided on the actuator for permitting incremental linear adjustment of the trigger force.
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38. A trigger for a bow string release mechanism, the trigger adapted for actuating the release by translating the trigger action to an actuator for activating a string retaining and release element, the trigger carried in a housing, the trigger comprising:
a. a stem having one end in communication with the actuator and an opposite end extending from the housing for engagement by an archer; and
b. an engagement pad on said opposite end of the trigger, the engagement pad having an ergonomic surface for matching the thumb of the archer at full draw, the engagement pad further comprising four primary surfaces defining a forward, rearward and two side surfaces, where each of the surfaces are angled such that the pad feels and functions in the same manner whether engaged by the left thumb or the right thumb when the release is properly held in the hand of the archer.
24. A bow string release mechanism having a sear assembly movable between a closed, string retaining position and an opened, string releasing position, an actuator associated with the sear assembly for selectively engaging and maintaining the sear assembly in the closed, string retaining, position, the actuator responsive to a movable trigger to disengage the sear assembly and permit the sear assembly to move from the closed, string retaining, position to the opened, string releasing, position, the sear assembly comprising:
a. an actuator engaging element on the sear assembly; and
b. the actuator having an adjustment surface which is selectively movable into and out of contact with the actuator engaging element in response to actuation of the actuator by the trigger, the adjustment surface being positionally adjustable relative to the actuator engaging element for calibrating the stroke required to release the string by actuation through the trigger, the adjustment surface being proportional to trigger movement such that an incremental change in position results in a predictable change in trigger stroke.
42. A bow string release mechanism having a sear assembly for selectively holding a bow string and for releasing the bow string upon actuation of a trigger, the bow string release mechanism including an actuator movable between a sear locking position and a sear releasing position for permitting movement of the sear assembly between a closed, string retaining position and an opened, string releasing position, respectively, and a trigger for controlling the actuator, the trigger and actuator being carried in a housing, the trigger further comprising:
a. an elongated stem having one end extending outwardly of the housing;
b. an actuator engaging element on the stem;
c. a mount for mounting the stem and the actuator engaging element for relative movement with respect to the housing in both a forward and a reverse direction, the actuator being responsive to each movement for activating the sear assembly to permit movement of the sear assembly from the closed, string retaining position to the opened, string releasing position; and
d. a selector associated with the trigger for selectively restricting the trigger movement to either the forward or the reverse direction.
20. A bow string release mechanism having a sear assembly movable between a closed, string retaining position and an opened string releasing position, an actuator associated with the sear assembly for selectively engaging and maintaining the sear assembly in the closed position, the actuator responsive to a movable trigger to disengage the sear assembly and permit the sear assembly to move from the closed string retaining position to the opened string releasing position, the sear assembly comprising:
a. a support element;
b. a pair of opposed jaws mounted on the support element for pivotal movement into and out of abutting engagement with one another, each jaw having opposite outer ends, a forward end of the jaws including a string retaining notch which is closed for holding a string when the jaws are in abutting engagement and which is opened for releasing the string when the jaws are separated;
c. a rearward end of each jaw adapted for receiving the actuator for holding the jaws in the abutting, closed position;
d. the pivot point of each jaw being positioned intermediately of the opposite outer ends;
e. each jaw having a string receptive notch intermediately of the forward end of the jaw and the pivot point;
f. the string retaining notch of each jaw including a string engaging surface which is contoured to conform substantially to the outer periphery of the string when the jaws are in the closed position.
7. A bow string release mechanism having a sear assembly including a pair of pivotable jaws having a string retaining notch therein for selectively holding a bow string and for releasing the bow string upon actuation of a trigger, the bow string release mechanism including an actuator shaft movable between a jaw engaging and locking position and a jaw disengaging and releasing position for permitting movement of the jaws between an abutting, closed, string retaining position and a separated, opened, string releasing position, respectively, and a trigger for controlling the position of the actuator shaft, the trigger mounted in a housing including a handle portion adapted to be placed in the palm of the hand and gripped by the fingers with the trigger adapted to be engaged by the thumb, the trigger comprising:
a. an elongated stem having one end extending outwardly of the housing;
b. an actuator engaging element on the stem;
c. a mount for mounting the stem and the actuator engaging element for relative movement with respect to the housing in both a forward and a reverse direction, the actuator being responsive to each movement for activating the sear assembly to permit movement of the sear jaws from the abutting, closed, string retaining, position to the separated, opened, string releasing, position; and
d. a selector associated with the trigger for selectively restricting the trigger movement to either the forward or the reverse direction, when engaged by the thumb.
14. A bow string release mechanism having a sear assembly movable between a closed, string retaining position and an opened, string releasing position, an actuator associated with the sear assembly for selectively engaging and maintaining the sear assembly in the closed, string retaining, position, the actuator responsive to a movable trigger to disengage the sear assembly and permit the sear assembly to move from the closed, string retaining, position to the opened, string releasing, position, the sear assembly comprising:
a. a support element;
b. a pair of opposed jaws pivotably mounted on the support element and adapted for pivotal movement into and out of abutting engagement with one another, each jaw having opposite outer ends, a forward end of the jaws including a string retaining notch which is closed for holding a string when the jaws are in abutting engagement and which is opened for releasing the string when the jaws are separated;
c. a rearward end of each jaw adapted for receiving the actuator for holding the jaws in the abutting, closed, string retaining, position;
d. the pivot point of each jaw being positioned intermediately of the opposite outer ends;
e. each jaw having a string receptive notch intermediately of the forward end of the jaw and the pivot point; and
f. one jaw including a tab projecting outwardly from the notch toward the opposing jaw and a tab-receptive socket in said other jaw for receiving the tab of the opposing jaw to assure alignment of the jaws when in the abutting, closed position.
31. A bow string release mechanism having a sear assembly movable between a closed, string retaining position and an opened, string releasing position, an actuator associated with the sear assembly for selectively engaging and maintaining the sear assembly in the closed, string retaining, position, the actuator responsive to a movable trigger to disengage the sear assembly and permit the sear assembly to move from the closed, string retaining, position to the opened, string releasing position, the sear assembly comprising:
a. a support element;
b. a pair of opposed jaws mounted on the support element for pivotal movement into and out of abutting engagement with one another, each jaw having opposite outer ends, a forward end of the jaws including a string retaining notch which is closed for holding a string when the jaws are in abutting engagement and which is opened for releasing the string when the jaws are separated;
c. a rearward end of each jaw adapted for receiving the actuator for holding the jaws in the abutting, closed position;
d. the pivot point of each jaw being positioned intermediately of the opposite outer ends;
e. a string retaining notch in each jaw intermediately of the forward end of the jaw and the pivot point;
f. the actuator having a jaw engaging adjustment surface which is selectively movable into and out of contact with the jaw in response to actuation of the actuator by the trigger, the adjustment surface being positionally adjustable relative to the jaw for calibrating the stroke required to release the string by actuation through the trigger, the adjustment surface being proportional to trigger movement such that an incremental change in position results in an incremental change in trigger stroke.
1. A bow string release mechanism having a housing and a two-way trigger mounted in the housing, a sear assembly for selectively holding a bow string and for releasing the bow string upon actuation of the trigger, the bow string release mechanism including an actuator movable between a sear locking position and a sear releasing position for permitting movement of the sear assembly between a closed, string retaining position and an opened, string releasing position, respectively, and said trigger for controlling the actuator, the trigger and actuator being carried in the housing, the trigger further comprising:
a. an elongated stem having one end extending outwardly of the housing and an opposite end;
b. an actuator engaging element on the stem, wherein the actuator engaging element is positioned on the stem intermediately of the opposite stem ends, and wherein the stem is adapted for rocking movement relative to the actuator engaging element; and
c. a mount for mounting the stem and the actuator engaging element for relative movement with respect to the housing in both a forward and a reverse direction, the actuator being responsive to each movement for activating the sear assembly to permit movement of the sear assembly from the closed, string retaining position to the opened, string releasing position:
d. wherein the actuator comprises a shaft mounted for axial movement relative to the housing and wherein the actuator engaging element is a through channel in the trigger stem and adapted for receiving the actuator shaft, the through channel having opposite outer edges disposed in axially spaced apart relationship along the axis of the actuator shaft, the through channel further including a shaft engaging element intermediately of the opposite outer edges, the channel opening at the outer edges being of a larger opening than the clearance between the shaft and the shaft engaging element, whereby the trigger stem is adapted to rock in a forward and reverse direction about the shaft in a plane of the axis of the shaft.
2. The release mechanism of
3. The release mechanism of
4. The release mechanism of
5. The release mechanism of
6. The release mechanism of
8. The release mechanism of
9. The release mechanism of
10. The release mechanism of
11. The release mechanism of
12. The release mechanism of
13. The release mechanism of
15. The release mechanism of
16. The release mechanism of
17. The release mechanism of
18. The release mechanism of
19. The release mechanism of
21. The release mechanism of
25. The release mechanism of
26. The release mechanism of
27. The release mechanism of
28. The release mechanism of
29. The release mechanism of
30. The release mechanism of
a. a pair of opposed jaws mounted for pivotal movement into and out of abutting engagement with one another wherein the jaws are in a closed, string retaining, position when in abutting engagement and an open, string releasing, position when not in abutting engagement, each jaw having opposite outer ends, a forward end of the jaws including a string retaining notch which is closed for holding a string when the jaws are in abutting engagement and which is opened for releasing the string when the jaws are separated;
b. a rearward end of each jaw adapted for receiving the actuator for holding the jaws in the closed, string retaining, position;
c. the pivot point of each jaw being positioned intermediately of the opposite outer ends; and
d. each jaw having a string receptive notch intermediately of the forward end of the jaw and the pivot point.
32. The release mechanism of
33. The release mechanism of
34. The release mechanism of
35. The release mechanism of
36. The release mechanism of
37. The release mechanism of
where:
C=contact angle between cam and follower sear elements
A=two times the force on a follower
Fs=coefficient of friction static on cam and followers
G=force on trigger pull pin due to loading and Fs
S=force applied by the return spring
MA=mechanical advantage of the trigger lever
Tf=trigger force required to fire the release.
39. The trigger of
40. The trigger of
43. The release mechanism of
44. The release mechanism of
45. The release mechanism of
47. The release mechanism of
48. The release mechanism of
49. The bow string release mechanism of
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This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/979,106, filed Nov. 20, 1992, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,357,939.
1. Field of Invention
The subject invention is generally related to bow string releases of the type having a releasable sear for retaining a bow string, the sear including a pair of elements adapted for movement into and out of a closed position to retain the bow string and selectively release it. The invention is specifically directed to a caliper type bow string release having a reversible trigger and including both self-alignment and self-locking features.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Bow string releases have grown in popularity for target shooting and for hunting. A good release provides uniform release of the bow string and increases accuracy. The release is either hand held or strapped to the wrist and has a trigger which permits the archer to release the string. Typically, such devices employ a pivotable finger that engages the bow string. The finger or sear being movable to a release position for releasing the string. Releases of this type are illustrated in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,066,060; 3,898,974; and 3,954,095.
It is also known to use ball or cylindrical elements in place of the finger to retain and release the string, wherein the elements are held by a head and retained in position by a yoke or sleeve. Devices of this type are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,403,594 and 5,263,466. While it is recognized that when the balls are separated by the tension of the string this provides minimal friction engagement and quiet release, there is still a strong preference for the caliper type jaw releases. One of the problems with the jaw releases is they are not self-locking and an independent action is required to lock the bow string in the sear mechanism after the string is released and upon reentry.
In addition, over the years two types of release trigger mechanisms have developed, depending on the preference of the archer. In the first, the release trigger is designed to release forward, where the trigger is pushed toward the bow during the fire stroke. There is also a preference by some archers that the release be a pull type trigger where the release is pulled in a rearward motion away from the bow in order to release the string. Further, most releases are designed to either more adequately accommodate a right-handed archer or a left-handed archer. In some cases, design changes have to be made in order to permit a specific configuration to be adapted from right-hand to left-hand use. While most releases accommodate such design changes, this greatly increases the manufacturing costs, increasing the ultimate end cost of the release to the user.
Therefore, there remains a need for a caliper type bow string release which is both self-locking and self-aligning. In addition, there is a need for a bow string release which is readily adaptable to either left-hand or right-hand use and would permit an archer to select between a push or pull fire mechanism.
The subject invention is a bow string release which is specifically designed to utilize the caliper jaw type sear mechanism while providing a self-locking and self-alignment feature. In addition, the release includes a calibration system permitting incremental adjustment of the trigger force, assuring accurate, consistent and predictable adjustment. The trigger mechanism is specifically designed to be selectively used in a push or a pull fire mode. The release is also designed to equally accommodate either left-handed or right-handed use.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the caliper of the trigger is carried in the housing or body of the release and has a movable select pin which can be positioned in a push mode or a pull mode. The select pin is specifically designed to assure that the trigger can only fire in one mode at a time, minimizing any risk of accidental firing in the non-selected mode. The trigger is also specifically designed to include an engagement pad which is ergonomically engineered to accommodate the archer's thumb or trigger finger in such a manner to permit an equal feel or a comfortable feel to the archer whether the release is used in a push fire mode, pull fire mode, or is used by either the left or the right hand.
The caliper jaws of the subject release are configured to operate as pivoting elements ball jaws having a interior notch area for holding the string rearwardly of the front end of the jaws, wherein pivotal motion of the jaws spreads the jaws to release the string through the forward end and from the string releasing notch. The rearward end of each jaw is specifically designed to include a cam follower for engaging a cam surface on a linear motion actuator which is moved in response to actuation by the trigger. The subject invention recognizes the fact that the non-linear forces in the jaw and the non-linear forces by the motion of the trigger have to be accommodated in the calibration and engagement surface in order to provide for linear, incremental adjustment of the trigger force. The calibration of the release mechanism specifically includes a non-linear, calibrated surface to account for the various forces on the release at various stages of its movement. The end result is a linear or incremental calibration adjustment mechanism which assures consistent, accurate and precise incremental adjustment of the trigger force on the release.
It is an important feature of the invention that the caliper-type jaw mechanism is self-aligning and self-locking. In the preferred embodiment, the mated jaws are identical to one another, and are in fact a common manufactured component. This greatly reduces the manufacturing costs while enhancing the design and repeatability characteristics of the release. In one embodiment, the alignment mechanism is provided by an arcuate alignment tab which is received in a concave arcuate alignment recess in the complementary mated jaw, assuring continuous contact between the two jaws at all points during their travel from the closed abutting locking position to the spread apart, release position. In addition, the jaws are provided with a string engaging self-locking tab which intercepts the string as it enters the notch area, engaging the jaw and forcing it closed as the string is properly seated in the release.
In a second disclosed embodiment, the alignment and locking mechanism comprises a spherical bearing element which is seated in a receptive recess or channel in the jaws to assure continuous contact and alignment of the jaws throughout movement during use of the release. In this embodiment, a head is positioned in communication with the spherical element for urging the spherical element in a rearward, closing movement as the string enters the notch and engages the head. This spherical bearing element is moved rearwardly in the jaw, causing the jaws to pivot about their pivot point from a spread apart open position to a closed, locking abutting position, for automatically locking the string in the notch area.
It is, therefore, an object and feature of the subject invention to provide a bow string release having a selective push fire or pull fire trigger.
It is another object and feature of the subject invention to provide a caliper type release having a self-aligning and self-locking mechanism.
It is yet another object and feature of the subject invention to provide a release having an incremental adjustment system by incorporating a non-linear actuator surface to accommodate and cancel out the non-linear force increments on the various moving parts of the string release.
It is further an object of the invention to provide a bow string release mechanism which easily accommodates both left-handed and right-handed archers.
Other objects and features of the invention will be readily apparent from the accompanying detailed drawing and description.
The string release of the subject invention is shown in FIG. 1 and is designated generally by the numeral 10. The release includes a body or housing 12 which is in the shape of a hand grip and includes finger receptive channels 14, 16, and 18, and convexly curved rear wall 20, permitting the release to be held comfortably in the palm of the hand with the index finger above the release jaw mechanism 22 in the channel 14 and the fore finger and ring finger in the channels 16 and 18, respectively. The trigger 24 is positioned to be engaged by the thumb. The jaw mechanism 21 includes a head or support surface 22 in which a pair of jaws 26 and 28 are pivotably mounted, as indicated by the pivot pins 30 and 32.
The string release mechanism of
The shaft 42 is rotatable in the body 12. This construction permits the head 22 to rotate 360° relative to the housing 12. The coupling 52 and head 22, respectively, are held on the rotatable shaft in the housing for defining the primary components of the bow string release. As is best seen in
The bow string release mechanism of the type illustrated is a caliper-type release with a pair of opposed, functioning jaws 26 and 28. The forward end 56 of each jaw is designed to close into abutting engagement with one another, as shown in
In the embodiment illustrated, the actuator comprises an elongated actuator rod 68 which extends through the housing 12 and the axial bore 76 hollow shaft 42. The rod 68 includes a cam actuator 70 mounted on the forward end. In the preferred embodiment, the forward end 72 of the actuator rod is of a reduced diameter and is threaded, whereby the cam actuator 70 maybe held in position on the end of the rod by means of a threaded fastener such as the, by way of example, the nut 74. As shown, the support shaft 42 includes an enlarged hollow cavity 78 along the axial bore 76 for defining a chamber for seating a biasing element such as the compression spring 80. A spring stop 82 is provided on the forward end of the rod 68, behind the cam actuator 70 for securing the spring 80 in the spring chamber. The spring acts to urge the actuator shaft 68 and the cam 70 toward the jaws, whereby the cam 70 is urged into engagement with the cam followers 66 of the jaws 26 and 28 to lock the jaws in the closed position, as shown in FIG. 2.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the trigger 24 includes an elongated stem 84 having an upper end 86 which projects through a slot 88 provided in the housing 12. An engagement pad 90 is provided on the upper end 86 and is adapted for accommodating the thumb of the archer to facilitate firing of the release. The opposite lower end 92 of the stem is positioned in the housing and serves as a stop for limiting the motion of the trigger, as will be explained.
In the preferred embodiment, the trigger includes a through channel 94 which is adapted for receiving the actuator rod 68. As shown, the outer side edges 96 (forward) and 98 (rearward) of the channel are larger than the central portion 100. In the preferred embodiment in the channel is a double v, providing a continuous line engagement point 100, where the trigger is in engagement with the rod 68. This permits the trigger to rock back and forth on the rod. A trigger engaging element 102 is mounted on the rearward end of the rod 68 and includes a forward surface 104 adapted to engage the rearward edge 98 of the trigger stem. In the preferred embodiment, the rear end 60 of the rod 68 is threaded and the trigger engagement element 102 is tapped to be threadably received on the rod. This permits a fine adjustment of the axial position of element 102 relative to the rod 68 to control the trigger fire force. A set screw 106 is provided to lock the trigger engaging element in position on the shaft to assure accurate and fixed adjustment of the trigger stroke. A cushioned element may be provided between the forward edge 96 of the trigger stem and the head 46 of the shaft 42.
It is an important feature of the subject invention that the trigger 24 is adapted to be fired in either the rearward or “pull” direction, indicated by arrow A in
When the selector screw 106 is in the hole 110, as shown in
In order to fire the trigger in a forward acting or “push” mode, as shown in
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the trigger is specifically designed to comfortably accommodate a left handed or right handed archer. In this regard, the engagement pad 90 on the top end 86 of stem 84 is specifically designed to provide a consistent feel for left, right, push and pull modes. Specifically, the engagement pad is ergonomically structured to equally accommodate either a left handed or a right handed archer. As is specifically shown in
Another important aspect of the subject invention is the cam follower and cam release actuator mechanism. Specifically, the cam 70 and cam followers 66 on the jaws 26 and 28 are designed to provide an incremental adjustment of the trigger force in relation to the adjustment of the trigger stroke by calibration of the trigger engaging element 102, whereby the force required to fire the mechanism by movement of the trigger 24 is adjusted. This is an important advance over the prior art since the proportional cam mechanism permits incremental and predictable change in the force needed to operate the trigger when firing the release in a one-to-one or equal incremental relationship to change in the trigger adjustment mechanism defined by the trigger engaging element 106 and the actuator rod 68.
Also, by understanding the importance of the shape of the cam surface, specific customized adjustment features may be designed to permit different rates of change to be built into the adjustment mechanism. This has several advantages over the prior art adjustable releases. For example, for low trigger force levels say, 1 to 4 ounces, one increment of movement of the adjustment mechanism should produce an increase of one ounce of trigger force. That is, equal angular repositioning of the threaded element 102 along the shaft 68 will result in equal adjustments in the trigger force. By way of example, one turn would result in a one ounce adjustment in trigger force. This linear or incremental adjustment is accomplished by understanding that a nonlinear or proportionally cam surface 70 is required. This proportionality not only reduces the number of attempts made by trial and error to achieve a specific trigger force, it also reduces the potential for overshooting an adjustment and putting a release in a marginal or unsafe condition.
By understanding the relationship between the nonlinear or proportional cam surface 70 and the linear incremental adjustment of the trigger, it is also possible to design a calibrating mechanism utilizing progressively increasing increment rates for higher adjustments. For example, a four ounce trigger setting may be achieved using one increment per ounce change in trigger force representing 25% change in trigger force. At 20 ounces the same increment represents only a 5% change in the trigger force. If the release is adjusted for a low trigger force many adjustment increments are required in order to reach the 30 ounce range. If the increment rate is high then fewer adjustment increments are required to move from a lower force setting to a higher force setting, but the force changes at the low end of the range increment are very large. Therefore, it is desirable to have a low or flat rate of change at the low end of the range so finer adjustments can be made, while at the upper end of the range the rate of response to adjustment input should be greater. The proportional trigger mechanism of the subject invention allows any number of rates or continuously variable rates to be built in by recognizing the importance of the shape of the cam surface 70. The end result is a trigger adjustment mechanism which provides for a proportional and consistent adjustment, which is quicker and easier to use with less travel at higher trigger force levels and with a wider range of adjustment for lower trigger force levels, with predictable results.
The method of calibrating the trigger takes into consideration all of the forces encountered in the release to define a direct relationship between the trigger 24, cam 70 and the cam followers 66. By keeping the radius on the follower cam as small as possible, the contact point between the cam and the cam follower is minimized and has a minimum effect on the trigger force. The coefficient of friction between the cam and cam follower is also monitored and is, of course, determined by the material used for the cam and the jaws as well as the finish. The precise shape of the cam surface can be developed using a trial and error basis, by determining the various relationships developed for each setting of the trigger. Of course, there is a defined mathematical model for this, as well. In the preferred embodiment, the cam surface was calculated by mathematical modeling. In order to accurately determine the trigger force utilizing the calibration mechanism of the subject invention, the following relationships apply:
where:
As will be noted from the above, the subject invention provides a unique, consistent and predictable mechanism and method for adjusting the trigger force for the string release utilizing the caliper type jaws, a cam surface actuator and radiused cam follower, as shown in the drawings.
The bow string release mechanism of the subject invention may incorporate the jaws as shown in
In the first automatic synchronization and latching embodiment, which is shown in
In the preferred embodiment, each of the jaws 26 and 28 are identical and when positioned in the abutted mated relationship shown in the drawings, the arcuate tab 69 and concave recess 71 are in an over/under position, providing a dual, over/under alignment feature between the two mated jaws 26 and 28. As better seen in
The arcuate synchronization tab 69 and complementary recess 71 provide synchronized movement of the two jaws when they are mounted in the head or support member 22, by assuming that they move together through the interrelationship of the tab 69 and recess 71. This provides an inexpensive synchronizing system by relieving the required tolerance limits on the pivot pins 30 and 32 and the pivot holes 67.
In the embodiment of
An alternative embodiment for the synchronizing and latching mechanism is shown in
In addition, the synchronizing recesses 71 and tabs 69 have been deleted and replaced by a cylindrical or arcuate recess 210 adapted to accommodate the spherical bearing 204. The latching and synchronizing mechanism 200 operates in substantially the same manner as the synchronizing tabs 69 and latching tabs 91 of the configuration shown in
It will be readily understood that the synchronizing and latching assembly 200 may be made by a variety of manufacturing methods, and may be a single molded piece comprising the pin 202, the spherical bearing 204 and the button head 206, or each component may be independently manufactured and assembled.
Another important feature of the jaw configuration of the subject invention is the shape of the string engaging surface 101 of the abutment portions 57. As more clearly shown in
While certain features and embodiments of the invention have been described in detail herein, it will be readily understood that the subject invention includes all modifications and enhancements within the scope and spirit of the following claims.
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