A temporary fastener that fastens two adjacent workpieces. The fastener includes a shank that extends through a hole of the workpieces. Extending from one end of the shank is a conical shaped head. The fastener also contains a pull stem which has a head located adjacent to the blind end of the shank. The stem head is pulled through the shank to expand and tightly fasten the shank to the workpieces. The fastener is removed by drilling through the head and the shank. The diameter of the conical shank head is smaller than the diameter of the drill so that part of the head does not become attached to the drill bit and scratch the workpiece. The conical shape of the head also reduces the volume of fastener material to further reduce the size and amount of chips produced during the drilling process. The tightly engaged shank prevents the fastener from rotating during the drilling operation. A method of replacing a tacking fastener that temporarily joins two adjacent workpieces with a permanent fastener to permanently join the workpieces. A drill bit is engaged with an inner channel of the temporary fastener at a head of the fastener. The drill bit has a diameter larger than the head diameter. The head, the shank, the first workpiece, and the second workpiece are drilled through to form a hole through the workpieces. The first workpiece and the second workpiece are joined with a permanent fastener through the hole.
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0. 12. A method of replacing a tacking fastener that temporarily joins a first workpiece and a second workpiece with a permanent fastener to permanently join the workpieces, said tacking fastener including a shank of a cylindrical shape with a first end and an opposing second end, a head having a head diameter joined to the shank at the first end, and an inner channel coaxial with and open at the head, said head placed adjacent to the first workpiece, said shank extending through the workpieces, said shank deformed adjacent to the second workpiece to join the workpieces, said method comprising:
engaging a drill bit with the inner channel at the head, said drill bit having a diameter larger than the head diameter;
drilling the head, the shank, the first workpiece, and the second workpiece to form a hole through the workpieces; and
joining the first workpiece and the second workpiece with the permanent fastener, said permanent fastener extending through the hole.
0. 1. A method for creating a hole for a permanent fastener which fastens a first workpiece to an adjacent second workpiece, comprising the steps of:
a) providing a tacking fastener that includes a shank which has an inner channel, a first end, a second end and a conical shaped head which extends from said first end, said tacking fastener further includes a stem that extends through said inner channel of said shank and has a head located adjacent to said second end of said shank;
b) drilling a first hole through the first and second workpieces;
c) inserting said shank and said stem into said first hole so that said stem head extends from the second workpiece and said conical shaped head is adjacent to the first workpiece;
d) pulling said stem head through said inner channel to expand said shank and secure said shank to the first and second workpieces; and,
e) drilling said conical shaped head, said shank and the first and second workpieces a drill bit that has a diameter larger than a diameter of said conical shaped head.
0. 2. The method as recited in
0. 3. The method as recited in
0. 4. The method as recited in
0. 5. A method for creating a hole for a permanent fastener which fastens a first workpiece to an adjacent second workpiece, comprising the steps of:
a) providing a tacking fastener that includes a shank which has an inner channel, a first end, a second end and a shank head which extends from said first end, said tacking fastener further includes a stem that extends through said inner channel of said shank and has a head located adjacent to said second end of said shank;
b) drilling a first hole through the first and second workpieces;
c) inserting said shank and said stem into said first hole so that said stem head extends from the second workpiece and said shank head is adjacent to the first workpiece;
d) pulling said stem head through said inner channel to expand said shank and secure said shank to the first and second workpieces; and,
e) drilling said shank head, said shank and the first and second workpieces a drill bit that has a diameter larger than a diameter of said conical shaped head.
0. 6. The method as recited in
0. 7. The method as recited in
0. 8. A method for creating a hole for a permanent fastener which fastens a first workpiece to an adjacent second workpiece, wherein the first workpiece has a flat outer surface, comprising the steps of:
a) providing a tacking fastener that includes a shank which has an inner channel, a first end, a second end and a conical shaped head which extends from said first end, said tacking fastener further includes a stem that extends through said inner channel of said shank and has a head located adjacent to said second end of said shank;
b) drilling a first hole through the first and second workpieces;
c) inserting said shank and said stem into said first hole so that said stem head extends from the second workpiece and said conical shaped head extends from the flat outer surface of the first workpiece;
d) pulling said stem head through said inner channel to expand said shank and secure said shank to the first and second workpieces; and,
e) drilling said conical shaped head, said shank and the first and second workpieces with a drill bit that has a diameter larger than a diameter of said conical shaped head.
0. 9. The method as recited in
0. 10. The method as recited in
0. 11. The method as recited in
0. 13. The method as recited in
0. 14. The method as recited in
0. 15. The method as recited in
0. 16. The method as recited in
0. 17. The method as recited in
0. 18. The method as recited in
the shank includes a first portion that is enclosed by the workpieces and a second portion that extends from the second workpiece;
deforming the shank includes expanding the first portion of the shank to tightly engage the workpieces and expanding the second portion to bear against the second workpiece.
0. 19. The method as recited in
0. 20. The method as recited in
0. 21. The method as recited in
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Notice: More than one reissue application has been filed for the reissue of U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,873. The reissue applications are application Ser. Nos. 09/444,537 and 10/131,629 (the present application) which is a continuation of Ser. No. 09/444,537, all of which are reissues of U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,873.
This is a Continuation of Reissue application Ser. No. 09/444,537, filed Nov. 22, 1999 pending, for reissue of U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,873, filed Nov. 6, 1996 and issued Nov. 25, 1997, which issued from a Divisional application of application Ser. No. 08/584,111, filed Jan. 11, 1996 now abandoned.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to metal working and more particularly to a method for assembling that includes disassembling by destroying a temporary connector to create a hole for a permanent separate fastener for temporarily fastening two adjacent workpieces.
2. Description of Related Art
The fuselage of an airplane is constructed from a number of individual panels that are fastened to a frame by a plurality of rivets. Temporary fasteners are typically installed into adjacent parts to insure that the workpieces do not become separated during the installation of the permanent rivets. The temporary fasteners are eventually removed and replaced with a permanent rivet.
Some areas of the aircraft are not fully accessible, thereby requiring the use of a blind rivet which can be installed from only one side of a workpiece. Temporary blind fasteners typically contain a shank which extends through a hole drilled through the workpieces. The shank has a head which prevents the fastener from falling into the “blind” side of the assembly. The fastener also contains a pull stem which has a stem head located at the blind end of the shank. The stem head is pulled through the shank to expand the shank and secure the fastener to the workpieces. The temporary fastener is eventually removed by drilling through the head and the shank with a drill of the proper diameter for the shank of the permanent rivet to be installed.
It has been found that drilling temporary blind fasteners of the prior art may create splinters and portions of the head that can scratch the surface of the outer workpiece. Additionally, although the head and enlarged shank end prevent the fastener from falling out of the hole, it has been found that the shank may rotate with the drill bit before the head is totally drilled out, preventing further penetration of the drill. Also the rotation of the shank and head remnants spins the splinters and drill chips to further scratch the surface of the workpiece. It would therefore be desirable to provide a temporary fastener that is easy to remove and does not create scratches on the workpiece surfaces.
The present invention is a temporary fastener for fastening two or more adjacent workpieces. The fastener includes a shank that extends through a hole of the workpieces. Extending from one end of the shank is a conical shaped head. The fastener also contains a pull stem which has a head located adjacent to the blind end of the shank. The stem head is pulled through the shank to expand and tightly fasten the shank to the workpieces. The fastener is removed by drilling through the head and the shank. The present invention is a method of replacing a tacking fastener that temporarily joins two adjacent workpieces with a permanent fastener to permanently join the workpieces. A drill bit is engaged with an inner channel of the temporary fastener at a head of the fastener. The drill bit has a diameter larger than the head diameter. The head, the shank, the first workpiece, and the second workpiece are drilled through to form a hole through the workpieces. The first workpiece and the second workpiece are joined with a permanent fastener through the hole.
The diameter of the conical shank head is smaller than the diameter of the drill so that part of the head does not become attached to the drill bit and scratch the workpiece. The conical shape of the head also reduces the volume of fastener material to further reduce the size and amount of chips produced during the drilling process. The tightly engaged shank prevents the fastener from rotating during the drilling operation.
The objects and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art after reviewing the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, wherein:
Referring to the drawings more particularly by reference numbers,
The fastener 10 includes a pull stem 26 that extends through the inner channel 18 of the shank 12. The pull stem 26 has a stem head 28 that is located adjacent to the second end 16 of the shank 12. The stem 26 also has a serrated pull portion 30 that can be gripped by a pull gun (not shown) to pull the head 28 through the inner channel 18 of the shank 12. The stem head 28 may have a tapered portion 32 which leads the head 28 into the inner channel 34. The tapered portion 32 extends to an annular tip portion 34. The tip portion 34 typically has a diameter larger than the diameter of the inner channel 18 so that the head 28 expands the shank 12 as the stem 26 is pulled through the channel 18. The stem head 28 may have an inner cavity 36 which allows the head 28 to contract as the stem 26 is pulled through the shank 12, particularly as the shank expands tightly into the surrounding hole in the work pieces.
In the preferred embodiment, the shank 12 is constructed from an aluminum material and the pull stem 26 is constructed from a steel material. The fastener 10 preferably has the dimensions listed in Table I. Various embodiments are listed, each embodiment corresponding to a particular size of permanent fastener which will replace the tacking fastener 10. For example, the first row of values provide dimensions for a tacking fastener 10 that corresponds to a permanent fastener which has a 0.1562 inch diameter, the second row relates to a permanent fastener diameter of 0.1875 inches and so forth and so on. All dimensions are in inches.
TABLE I
PERMANENT
SHANK
HEAD
HEAD
DRILL SIZE FOR
FASTENER
DIAMETER
DIAMETER
LENGTH
INSTALLATION
PERMANENT
DIAMETER
D
H
L
HOLE DIAMETER
FASTENER
0.1562
0.093-0.097
0.128
0.036
0.098-0.107
#20
0.1875
0.125-0.128
0.170
0.042
0.1285-0.1436
#10
0.250
0.155-0.159
0.212
0.055
0.160-0.178
#F
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
The expanded shank 12 is in tight engagement with the workpieces so that the fastener does not spin during the drill process. Additionally, the angle A of the conical head 20 is preferably different than the drill angle of the drill bit 54. The different angles reduce the amount of slippage between the bit 54 and the head 20. In the preferred embodiment, the angle A is 100°, with the corresponding angle of the drill being 120°. This assures that the head will finally drill out from outer diameter to inner diameter, thereby preventing the separation of a washer-like section of the head to clog the drill and cause the same to stop drilling, and perhaps to wander to damage the work piece. The present invention thus provides a temporary fastener that does not spin or create scratches on the workpiece when removed by a drill.
While certain exemplary embodiments have been described and shown in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such embodiments are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad invention, and that this invention not be limited to the specific constructions and arrangements shown and described, since various other modifications may occur to those ordinarily skilled in the art.
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Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
Mar 06 2002 | Allfast Fastening Systems, Inc. | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / | |||
Oct 22 2014 | TriMas Corporation | JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N A , AS COLLATERAL AGENT | SECURITY INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 034160 | /0884 | |
Oct 22 2014 | ALLFAST FASTENING SYSTEMS, LLC | JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N A , AS COLLATERAL AGENT | SECURITY INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 034160 | /0884 |
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