A variable pressure spray type vehicle laundry apparatus in which a carriage is mounted for longitudinal displacement along overhead parallel beams and an inverted L shaped spray arm carrying both horizontally and vertically directed nozzles circumscribes the vehicle to be laundered. In the preferred embodiments two reversely similar L shaped spray arms are used and caused to operate through a butterfly type cycle to spray various fluids at different pressures on the vehicle. For low pressure operations, the twin arm system is centered over the vehicle and both spray arms are supplied with low pressure fluid at the same time. For high pressure operations, the left and right spray arms are operated in sequence and each is maintained at an optimal spray arm to vehicle spacing during its operating cycle. The carriage is provided with a laterally translatable shuttle structure for this purpose.
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0. 46. A method of washing vehicles in a washing area with apparatus of the type having an overhead support structure, a multi-axis carriage mounted on the support structure, a pair of inverted L-shaped spray arms mounted for multi-axis movement with the carriage and having a substantially common pivot axis, and sensors mounted for movement with the carriage, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
moving the multi-axis carriage and utilizing the sensors to locate the center line of a vehicle in the washing area;
positioning the substantially common pivot axis on the located vehicle center line; and
performing a washing step involving spraying fluid from said arms.
28. A method of washing a vehicle in a washing area comprising with an overhead structure including a multi-directionally moveable carriage and a pair of reversibly similar spray nozzle carriers of inverted L-shape mounted on the carriage and having a substantially common pivot center and sensors mounted on the moveable carriage, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
placing a vehicle in the washing area;
utilizing the sensors to locate the center line of the vehicle and move the carriage laterally to a position in which the pivot center is in vertical alignment with the center line of the vehicle;
providing a pair of reversibly similar spray nozzle carriers of inverted L-shape having a substantially common pivot center over the area;
moving the carriers through a butterfly pattern while moving the carriage to move the pivot center along and over the centerline of the vehicle while simultaneously supplying both carriers with fluid; and
moving each carrier sequentially through a butterfly pattern at a predetermined optimal distance from the vehicle while supplying each carrier independently with fluid.
25. A method of pressure washing a vehicle which is disposed in a washing area comprising the steps of: providing of the type having an overhead structure including a carriage for movement over the washing area, a shuttle on the carriage for lateral movement across the washing area, a pair of spray nozzle carrier arm arms each of essentially inverted L-shape having a first horizontal portion which is disposed over the area and a contiguous, second vertical portion which is disposed adjacent the periphery of the area; on the shuttle a pivot structure on the shuttle in engagement with inboard an end of each of the arms which is generally over the center of the area and sensors on the overhead structure
causing said carrier arm to circumscribe at least part of the area and to pivot about an end of the arm which is generally over the center of the area; and operative to sense the center line of a vehicle in the washing area wherein the method comprises the steps of:
utilizing the sensors to locate the center line of a vehicle in the washing area;
positioning the pivot structure on the vehicle center line, and
supplying washing fluid to the nozzles spray nozzle carrier arms under pressure while moving the carriage over the vehicle with the pivot structure moving along and over the center line of the vehicle.
22. A pressure washer for an object a vehicle in a washing area comprising:
a support structure over said area;
a shuttle mounted on the support structure;
a pair of spray nozzle carrier arms each being of essentially inverted L-shaped configuration and having a first portion extending from a center point toward the periphery of the area and a second contiguous vertical portion disposed adjacent to the area;
spray nozzles carried by the 1st and 2nd at least the second portion of each of said carrier arms;
a pivot structure connecting said carrier arms to said support structure shuttle at said center point and operative to reversely pivot said carrier arms whereby the vertical portions of said carrier arms may be caused to follow reversely similar, essentially mirror image paths which together circumscribe the area; and
means for supplying pressurized fluid selectively to the nozzles under pressure wherein said means for supplying said nozzles with washing fluid comprises at least two fluid sources carrier arms either jointly or individually; and
sensing means operative to determine the center line of a vehicle located in said washing area said shuttle to move said shuttle and carrier arms laterally of said washing area; and
drive means operative to move the shuttle laterally of the washing area to a position in which said center point is in vertical alignment with the center line of the vehicle.
0. 39. A pressure washer for a motor vehicle in a washing area comprising:
a support structure over said area and defining a longitudinal path of travel;
a pair of spray nozzle carrier arms each being of essentially inverted L-shaped configuration and having a first portion extending from a center point toward the periphery of the area and a second contiguous vertical portion disposed adjacent to the washing area;
spray nozzles carried by the second portion of each of said carrier arms;
a carriage mounted for movement along said longitudinal path of travel;
a shuttle mounted on said carriage for lateral movement relative thereto;
a powered pivot structure connecting said carrier arms to said shuttle at said center point and operative to reversely pivot said carrier arms whereby the vertical portions of said carrier arms may be caused to follow reversely similar, essentially mirror image paths which together circumscribe the washing area;
means for supplying pressurized fluid selectively to the carrier arms either jointly or individually; and
sensor means operative to determine the center line of a vehicle located in the washing area and operative to move the shuttle laterally of the carriage to position the center point in vertical alignment with the vehicle center line.
27. A method of washing a vehicle having top, front, rear and side surfaces while standing in a washing area comprising the steps of:
providing a pair of spray nozzle carriers each of essentially inverted L-shape and each having first horizontal portions which overlie the washing area and extend from a center point toward the periphery of the area and second vertical portions which are adjacent the washing area;
causing said carriers to pivot from the inboard distal ends of said horizontal portions about center point in a reversely similar fashion so as to fully circumscribe said area and said vehicle while maintaining a substantially constant spacing from the side surfaces of said vehicle; and
providing control means operative to sense the lateral position of a vehicle in the washing area and cause said carriers to move laterally of said washing area between a first position in which the center point is centered on the center line of the vehicle, whereby to position the vertical, and a second position offset with respect to the vehicle, whereby to position the vertical portion offset with respect to the vehicle center line, where to position the vertical portion of one of the carriers at an optimal distance from a respective vehicle side surface; and
supplying said nozzle carriers with washing fluid under pressure.
0. 29. Apparatus for spraying fluid onto a vehicle in a washing area having a floor and comprising:
a support structure overhead the washing area and defining a longitudinal path of travel;
a carriage mounted on said support structure for longitudinal movement over and relative to the washing area;
a drive system operatively connected to said carriage;
a shuttle mounted on said carriage for lateral movement relative to said support structure;
a pair of spray nozzle carrier arms each of essentially inverted L-shape and having a horizontal portion extending from an inboard end generally over the center line of the washing area to a second end at the periphery of the washing area and a vertical portion essentially continuous with the horizontal portion and extending from the second end thereof downwardly toward the floor;
spray nozzles carried by said carrier arms;
a powered pivot structure connecting said arms to said shuttle to pivot said arms about a vertical axis passing substantially through the inboard ends of the horizontal arm portions whereby the vertical portions of the arms may be caused to circumscribe at least a portion of the washing area;
means for supplying fluid to the nozzles under pressure;
sensing means moveable with the shuttle operative to sense the position of the vertical arm portion of one of the arms relative to a side of a vehicle in the washing area and further operative to determine the center line of a vehicle in the washing area; and
a shuttle drive system operative in response to said sensing means to selectively cause movement of said shuttle and pivot structure laterally of said support structure for a position in which said vertical axis is in vertical alignment with the vehicle center line to a position in which said one arm vertical arm portion is in an optimal lateral position relative to said vehicle side.
0. 1. Apparatus for spraying fluid onto an object in a treatment location having a floor and comprising:
a support structure overhead the location
a spray nozzle carrier arm of essentially inverted L-shape having a horizontal spray portion extending from an inboard end generally over the center line of the location to a second end at the periphery of the location; said arm further having a vertical spray portion essentially continuous with the horizontal portion and extending from the second end thereof downwardly toward the floor;
spray nozzles carried by said arm;
a powered pivot structure connecting said arm to said support structure to pivot said arm about a vertical axis passing substantially through the inboard end of the first portion whereby the vertical portion of the arm may be caused to circumscribe at least a portion of the area; and
means for supplying fluid to the nozzles under pressure.
0. 2. Apparatus as defined in
a carriage structure mounted for longitudinal movement over and relative to the treatment location;
a reversible carriage drive system; and
said powered pivot structure being mounted on said carriage.
0. 3. Apparatus as defined in
0. 4. Apparatus as defined in
0. 5. Apparatus as defined in
0. 6. Apparatus as defined in
0. 7. Apparatus as defined in
0. 8. Apparatus as defined in
0. 9. Apparatus as defined in
0. 10. Apparatus as defined in
said apparatus further comprising a carriage mounted for powered reversible travel on said beams, and a shuttle structure mounted for powered reversible movement on said carriage.
0. 11. Apparatus as defined in
0. 12. Apparatus as defined in
0. 13. A pressure washer for an object in a washing area comprising:
a support structure over said area;
a pair of spray nozzle carrier arms each being of essentially inverted L-shaped configuration and having a first portion extending from a center point toward the periphery of the area and a second contiguous vertical portion disposed adjacent to the area;
spray nozzles carried by the 1st and 2nd portions of each of said carrier arms;
a pivot structure connecting said carrier arms to said support structure at said center point to reversely pivot said carrier arms whereby the vertical portions of said carrier arms may be caused to follow reversely similar, essentially mirror image paths which together circumscribe the area; and
means for supplying fluid to the nozzles under pressure.
0. 14. Apparatus as defined in
said apparatus further comprising a carriage structure mounted for longitudinal movement over and relative to the washing area, said pivot structure be mounted on said carriage for movement therewith.
0. 15. Apparatus as defined in
0. 16. Apparatus as defined in
0. 17. Apparatus as defined in
0. 18. Apparatus as defined in
0. 19. Apparatus as defined in
0. 20. Apparatus as defined in
0. 21. Apparatus as defined in
0. 23. Apparatus as defined in
24. Apparatus as defined in
0. 26. A method as defined in
0. 30. Apparatus as defined in
0. 31. Apparatus as defined in
0. 32. Apparatus as defined in
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0. 34. Apparatus as defined in
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0. 38. Apparatus as defined in
0. 40. Apparatus as defined in
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0. 42. Apparatus as defined in
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0. 45. Apparatus as defined in
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This invention relates to systems for causing one or more spray nozzle support arms to traverse a path which circumscribes an object such as an automobile as well as to operating methods therefor. The invention and the various sub-combinations thereof are advantageously applied to a vehicle laundry of the rollover type.
The manufacture, sale and operation of automobile laundering equipment is big business in the United States and many other countries. The term “automobile laundering”, as used herein, refers to wet washing the external surfaces of virtually any type of vehicle from ordinary passenger cars to busses, trucks, vans and even train cars and airplanes. Moreover, the principles and structures described herein can be applied to any fluid spray system including, by way of example, painting, prepping and corrosion-proofing.
One of the most popular forms of vehicle laundering equipment is the so-called “rollover” washer which is characterized by a washing structure which moves over or around a vehicle parked in a pre-specified area. Rollover equipment typically occupies less space than the traditional tunnel or conveyor washer and is often preferred by car dealers, service stations and convenience stores with collateral vehicle laundries for that reason.
Rollover washers can have brushes which contact the surfaces of the vehicle; see for example U.S. Pat. No. 3,428,983 issued Feb. 25, 1969 to R. Seakan and U.S. Pat. No. 4,453,284 issued Jun. 12, 1984 to R. Schleeter. An alternative approach, preferred by many because of the absence of physical contact between the washing apparatus and the vehicle, is the pressure washer, an example of which is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,016,662 issued May 21, 1999 to Crotts and Rambo. Another example is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,161,557 issued Nov. 10, 1992 to L. Scheiter.
The Seakan, Schleeter, Crotts et al and Scheiter systems are all of the “gantry” type; i.e., they all involve the use of an arch-shaped structure which rolls forward and backward along spaced, parallel floor tracks while passing over the vehicle. Crotts et al recognizes the desirability of laterally adjusting the position of the spray bars on one side of the arch according to variations in vehicle width.
Non-gantry pressure washers are also known in the art. One such washer comprises an overhead support for an inverted L-shaped spray arm which carries both vertically and horizontally-aimed spray nozzles and which can move longitudinally, laterally, and pivotally to circumscribe a parked vehicle. The pivot point for the spray arm is essentially at the intersection of the vertical and horizontal legs of the arm. This creates certain inefficiencies; for example, when traversing the side of a vehicle, the arm goes beyond the rear end of the vehicle stops and pivots 90° to begin a sweep of the rear surface. In so doing, the downwardly-directed nozzles cover a sector-shaped area of the trunk lid three times and the horizontally-directed nozzles spray into empty space for a significant period of time. At a minimum, this is wasteful of chemicals.
The present invention provides an apparatus for spraying fluids onto the external surfaces of an object which is stationary in a predetermined treatment area, e.g., an automobile parked in a laundering area, by causing one or more arm-like spray nozzle carriers to move through a path which causes a set of vertically-arranged, horizontally projecting fluid nozzles to substantially circumscribe the object while a set of horizontally-arranged, vertically projecting fluid nozzles cover the plan-view area of the object. Fluid is supplied to the nozzles with additives and pressures chosen and regulated to achieve the desired result. Coverage of the object is achieved in part by rotation of the nozzle carrier or carriers and in part by linear translation of the carrier or carriers via a carriage mounted on an overhead track which also provides structural support.
In the hereinafter-illustrated forms, the apparatus of the subject invention comprises at least one inverted L-shaped spray nozzle carrier which is pivotally mounted at or near the inboard distal end thereof to powered pivot system which in turn is mounted on an overhead carriage for longitudinal movement over and relative to the vehicle. The combination of pivotal and longitudinal movements are such as to cause the arm and the nozzles therefor to circumscribe an object in the laundering area, thus to provide full coverage but without undesirable overlap.
In the preferred and fully accessorized embodiment, the carriage arrangement provides for lateral as well as longitudinal displacement of the pivot center relative to the treatment area. With this capability, pivotal movement, lateral movement, longitudinal movement and pressure selection may be programmably coordinated to perform high pressure treatment cycles at optimal distances from the side surfaces of the treated object while low pressure cycles are carried out in such a way as to promote efficiency through time saving. By way of example, a dual spray arm system affords simultaneous coverage of both sides of a vehicle in a laundering area during that portion of a cycle in which fluid is sprayed at low pressure. The nozzle-carrying arms move in mirror-image or “butterfly” fashion to achieve maximum coverage while the pivot center for the arms moves along a line corresponding with the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle. However, for the high-pressure phase, the left and right arms of a two-arm system are activated separately and each arm is placed at optimal nozzle-to-vehicle spacing during its operating time.
The spray apparatus is shown herein in combination with an overhead, fixed support structure preferably constructed of aluminum beams. The illustrative structure comprises spaced-apart, parallel longitudinal beams adjustably clamped to cross beams which are in turn adjustably clamped to vertical corner posts to facilitate installation as well as to tailor system size as desired.
Further describing the preferred embodiment; i.e., the embodiment having the greatest number of features, a carriage is mounted on spaced-apart, parallel longitudinal overhead beams for movement therealong. Longitudinal translation is provided by means of wheels, preferably coated on contact surfaces to reduce wear, and driven to provide controlled displacement at selected times in a wash/rinse cycle sequence as programmed. Within the carriage, a shuttle is provided for lateral or cross-wise movement over beams bolted between end plates on the carriage structure. The shuttle carries the pivot structure for the spray arms as well as the pivot drive motor and the shuttle drive mechanism, all of which are controlled to follow programs residing in, for example, the memory of a programmable digital processor.
Drive motor speed as well as pressure variations are preferably controlled by generating variable frequency control signals and applying those signals to suitable devices such as pumps and ac motors.
Object edge position inputs are provided, for example, by optical or sonic signal-emitting components such as photo cells and sonar transducers, or combinations thereof, all readily commercially available, mounted on the spray arms and various other places. The position signals are fed to the processor to locate the centerline and outside edges; i.e., peripheral surfaces, of the vehicle to direct the system to perform the longitudinal, lateral and pivotal motions in a correlated way. For components, such as the spray arms, which pivot or rotate, commercially available encoders are used to generate pulses indicating increments of angular motion. These pulses are readily counted and the counts converted into distance quantities so that the position of the spray arms can be determined and controlled at all times.
The preferred system is user-programmable, data-collecting, and fault-detecting. The input devices mentioned above together with limit switches, flow meters and the like, define a home position for the carriage, the shuttle and the spray arms. All movements are referenced to the home position and the system may default to it in the event of a loss of signal.
The spray nozzles are suitably attached to supply hoses and conduit made flexible and pivotal to accommodate movement between fixed supply tanks and movable spray arms. Where multiple chemicals are used in sequence, supply valves are timed to cause one chemical to be purged or spent from the system prior to beginning another pass calling for another chemical or treated water.
Various other features and advantages of the invention are hereinafter described. For example, the spray arms are provided with multi-axis “breakaway” sections which “give” non-destructively in the event of encountering obstructions and provide a fault-indicating signal to shut down system operation until a correction is made.
Referring first to
The foregoing and following description assumes that the vehicle 10 is driven into the laundry bay, properly located and driven forward out of the bay by a driver at the proper times. As persons skilled in the art will know, the wash bay may instead be equipped with a conveyor to position the vehicle.
An overhead carriage 18 having cushion surfaced wheels 20 is mounted for longitudinal, fore and aft movement over the vehicle 10 by means of parallel spaced apart aluminum beams 22 carried by vertical corner supports 24. The supports 24 are wide enough to permit the vehicle 10 to pass between them without interference and long enough to place the beams 22 and the carriage 18 well above the vehicle to prevent undesirable mechanical interference. The length of the beams 22 and the allowable longitudinal travel of the carriage 18 may be equal to or somewhat less than the overall length of the longest expected vehicle as hereinafter described. Alternatively, the beams 22 may extend to and be used to carry other equipment as desired. By way of example, beams 22 may be twenty feet long and spread about twelve feet apart.
A motor 26 mounted on the carriage 18 and operates through an angle encoder 28 to drive a hollow output shaft 30 about a vertical axis which is essentially centered in the laundry bay. The shaft functions as a mechanical element and as a fluid conduit and is connected to a supply line 32 through a swivel coupling 34. Fluid supply line 32 is carried in part by a boom 36 which is pivotally mounted on a bay wall 38 to permit it to accommodate travel of the carriage 18. Between the boom and the coupling, supply line 32 is preferably flexible reinforced rubber.
Hollow shaft 30 is coupled to a hollow, rigid arm 40 of essentially inverted L-shape carrying horizontally-arranged, vertically downwardly-aimed spray nozzles 42 and vertically-arranged, horizontally-inwardly-aimed nozzles 44. The horizontal dimension of arm 40 is such as to extend from the centerline to about 14 inches beyond the side edge or periphery of the largest vehicle to be laundered. The vertical dimension is approximately equal to the height of the vehicle plus about 14 inches.
The arrangement shown in
In the preferred arrangement shown, the carriage 18 is provided with a longitudinal displacement drive motor 46 which is connected to one of the wheels 20 through a gear box 48. Motor 46 is actuated by controller 66 to cause carriage movement either forwardly or in reverse as determined by a stored program. Although a direct connection from controller 66 to motors 26 and 46 is shown, it is preferred to interpose a variable frequency actuation signal source for speed control purposes as hereinafter explained with reference to
Typical of vehicle laundries intended for public use, the
A brief description of the operation of the
To start with, a “home position” for the arm 40 and carriage 18 is defined. The preferred “home position” is with the arm 40 extending to one side of the wash bay as represented by arm position 40a in FIG. 2. The longitudinal home position of carriage 18 is less important but may be at or toward the front of the bay where the typical wash program starts.
With arm 40 in the home position, the bay is clear for entry of vehicle 10. Once the vehicle reaches treadle 16 and stops, the laundry sequence starts. First, the carriage 18 is brought toward the forward position shown in
Pump 49, 53 and 54 and valve 50 are enabled in the programmed sequence to provide pre-soak or detergent spray at low pressure to nozzles 42 and 44. Motor 26 is activated to pivot arm 40 counterclockwise as shown in
When the rear of the vehicle is reached, the motor 26 is activated to pivot arm 40 to position 40c shown in FIG. 2. When the rear corner is cleared, the carriage motor 46 may be activated to bring the carriage 18 slightly forward and, when the arm reaches the position 40c, reversed to allow the arm to clear the next corner.
As mentioned above, the most time-efficient operation is to continue to move arm 40 counterclockwise until it has circumscribed the entire vehicle and returned to position 40b. This is not only efficient timewise, it allows a single chemical to be sprayed over the entire vehicle during a continuous sweep of arm 40. Before arm 40 reaches the 40b position, the valves and pumps 50, 53 and 54 are reset to start the next chemical solution through supply line 32. The timing must be empirically determined as it will vary according to the length of supply line between tanks 51, 52 and the spray nozzles 42; i.e., a longer run requires a longer purge time at a given flow rate. The objective is to have the line 32 purged and the next solution ready as the spray arm reaches the 40b position so that the next sweep may begin immediately.
This sequence is repeated for as many cycles as are in the selected program; pressure settings being varied as desired. A “premium” wash may involve multiple wash or “prep” passes and multiple rinse passes. Low pressure is used for prep and rinse, high pressure is used to wash.
When the wash/rinse process is complete, arm 40 is returned to the 40a “home” position as the signal light 15 is again switched to green. Vehicle 10 exits the bay.
Referring to
Longitudinal beams are mounted in parallel, spaced relation between cross beams 23a and 23b by means of clamps 27 which can be loosely assembled to permit sliding adjustment relative to the cross beams 23. Clamps can be tightened on beams 23 simply by turning screws between opposing clamp sections to secure beams 22a and 22b in place. This adjustable relationship allows the longitudinal beams 22 to be centered relative to a wash lane even if the lane and/or beams 24 are not centered relative to the building.
A source of heated fluid, either air or liquid, is connected to the beam structure to heat the interiors thereof in cold weather. One or more return lines are provided as according to the design of a particular system.
Referring to
Belt 160 has its opposite ends attached to opposite left and right sides of the shuttle 74 and is stretched between sprockets 162 and 163 mounted to the end plates 62 and 64. A belt transitioner is preferably provided. When motor 78 turns sprockets 162 clockwise, for example, shuttle 74 moves to the right as seen in FIG. 5. When motor 78 turns sprocket counterclockwise, the shuttle moves to the left. The belt is shown in
As is further schematically shown in
Arm 40a has a hollow, fluid conduit vertical portion fitted with nozzles 44 exactly as the
In the embodiment of
An arm 82 projecting out ahead of the shuttle 74 carries a sonic ranging transducer 84 aimed downwardly at the floor and/or at the top or hood or deck surface of vehicle 10. A second arm 86 projects rearwardly of shuttle 74 and carries a second sonic transducer 88. Transducers 84 and 88 are used in finding the front and rear extremities of the vehicle as previously described. An optical transducer 90 on arm 40a is aimed downwardly toward a floor reflector 190 normally disposed partly beneath vehicle 10 but of sufficient lateral dimension to extend outwardly from even the widest vehicle expected. Transducer 90 is used to find the passenger side of the vehicle and, from that location, the centerline of the vehicle. This is achieved by moving the shuttle 74 laterally with arms 40 in the fully oppositely extending lateral portions.
The location of the driver's side of vehicle 10 is essentially determined by wheel guides 14. The average vehicle 10 measures about 5 to 8 inches from tread center to outside body edge and this is sufficient to locate one side of the vehicle. The center line and the passenger side body edge, must be precisely located by the transducer 90. The math to find the centerline of a vehicle is fairly simple and is programmed into controller 166. The driver's side edge is presumed to be six inches outside of the center of guides 14. The passenger side edge is found by counting pulses from a home position to the appearance of the unknown side edge in the view field of transducer 90 and adding the count to a constant representing the distance from home position to the passenger side edge. One-half of the total identifies the lateral coordinate of the centerline.
Referring now to
As shown in
Referring now to
As shown in the Figures, representative arm 40a has a rigidly attached L shaped end portion 120 which makes the turn between the horizontal and vertical portion of the arm. A first clevis 124 is connected to the arm portion 120 by way of a pivot 122 which permits pivotal motion of the lower portion of the arm about one axis. Although not shown in detail in
The spacer 126 is connected between the first clevis 124 and a second clevis 128 which is turned at 90° relative to the clevis 124. A second ball and socket detent mechanism 136 operates between the lower arm portion 132 and the spacer 126 with the assistance of a second orthogonal pivot 130 to permit the lower arm portion 132 with its foam protective jacket 134 to pivot in a second direction relative to the upper arm portion 120.
To detect and inform the controller 66 whenever a breakaway action occurs, a spring arm 142 activating a micro switch 143 extends downwardly from a bracket 138 and passes through a metal loop 140 mounted on the lower arm portion 134. When the mechanism is in its normal operating condition as shown in
Several equivalent default detecting structures are available. For one, the arm 142 may be constructed of spring material over its entire length rather than just at the upper end as shown. A second alternative involves an electric eye mounted on the bracket 138 and looking downwardly on a target on the lower arm 132. Whenever the target moves away the optical sensor changes signal condition and alerts the controller 66 of the fault condition. Strain sensing devices such as piezoelectric crystals and force transducers can also be used for this purpose as can magnetostrictive and inductive and/or capacitive devices as well.
As also described above, the controller 66 is provided with a state-of-the-art display and operator input station which is typically within the owner controlled portion of the wash bay and will not be described herein in detail. In addition, the controller 66 is provided with user supplied inputs from a key pad, currency receipt slot and/or other equivalent device.
As indicated above the
The first step is to locate the center line and outside boundaries of the vehicle as explained above, the driver's side is fixed by guides 14, the front is located by sonic device 58 and the passenger side by optical device 90. Once the passenger side is located and the location given an identifying number corresponding to a pulse count from the lateral encoder, the centerline of the vehicle is automatically identified by one-half that pulse count and stored in temporary memory for later operation. For this purpose the shuttle drive motor is first activated to move the shuttle laterally toward the passenger's side of the vehicle until the optical sensor 90 carried by the spray arm 40b sees the floor mounted reflector 190 and locates the passenger's side boundary of the vehicle 10. Thereafter the longitudinal drive motor 46 is activated to move the carriage 18′ forward until such time as the sonic transducer 84 locates the front boundary of the vehicle 10 and signals the system that it is safe to pivot the arms 40a and 40b to the full forwardly extending position. With the shuttle 74 centered relative to the center line of the vehicle, the low pressure prewash cycles are then executed by activating the pump 49 and opening both valves 168, 170 to supply the appropriate fluids through the supply lines 32a and 32b simultaneously to both of the spray arms 40a and 40b to spray all outside surfaces of the vehicle starting at the front end. The arms swing outwardly and simultaneously around the front corners of the vehicle and reassume the position shown in
The next chemical is preferably switched into the system just before the arms reach the rearmost, parallel position, the time interval depending as described above on the length of the supply line 32 between the fluid source and the spray nozzles 42 and 44. The pump 49 is stopped when the first full cycle has been finished and the arms are pivoted back out to the laterally oppositely extending position and the carriage 18′ is moved back to the full forward position of the vehicle. Omitting running the pump which the apparatus is in reverse insures that the chemicals applied to the vehicle are given the longest possible soak time. The next chemical is then selected and the operation described above is run a second time.
Appropriate chemicals may be applied in the low pressure operating condition as prescribed by the particular program. It should be noted, however, that in the low pressure cycles, the shuttle 74 is centered relative to vehicle 10 and shown in
For the high pressure cycles, a different approach is taken: the spray arms 40a and 40b are supplied with fluid one at a time and the selected spray arm is maintained at the optimal position relative to the side surfaces of the vehicle which it addresses. This typically requires a non centered position of the shuttle 74 relative to the geometric center line of the apparatus and/or the vehicle as shown in
Assuming the arm 40a is activated first, the shuttle moves from approximately the center of the vehicle to the right as shown in FIG. 4. As the shuttle reaches the right hand extreme as shown in
At this point the opposite spray arm is activated and an inverse operation is performed with the vertical portion of the arm 40b maintained at the optimal spacing relative to the passenger's side of the vehicle 10. The high pressure spray on the passenger's side is conducted from back to front to conserve time. This combination of cycles may be repeated as many times as is desired.
It will be noted that because the motion of the arms 40a and 40b is of a “butterfly” type, they do not continue all the way around the vehicle in the fashion described with reference to the apparatus of FIG. 1. Therefore the “wind up” phenomenon requiring the swivel fitting 34 does not occur in the apparatus of FIG. 4 and no swivel fittings are required.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the apparatus described herein may be modified or supplemented in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Moreover it will be apparent that the process inventions described herein may be carried out in various ways and with various apparatus departing only in substantial ways from the structure described herein while maintaining the essential functional identity.
Wentworth, Robert J., Belanger, Michael J.
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