The present invention relates to Walsh code Allocation (WCA) field in the packet data control channel. One of the embodiments of the WCA field is use of the WCA field as Last Walsh code Index (LWCI) field in the message format of the PDCCH. The LWCI field indicates the corresponding last code index or the corresponding number of Walsh codes in a Walsh code Index (WCI) Table/List/Set. In alternative embodiments, the WCA indicates a general set of Walsh codes or a specific set of Walsh codes in the WCI table. The WCA fields may or may not be used with one of power ranking and sequential decoding, but is preferable used. The WCA field has various advantages including but not limited to efficient use of system resources.
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0. 25. A method of receiving packet data at a mobile station in a communication system, the method comprising:
receiving a control message over a packet data control channel from a base station, the control message comprising control information to receive packet data on a packet data channel, wherein the control information comprises a start code number and an end code number which define a range of codes allocated to the mobile terminal to receive the packet data; and
receiving the packet data over the packet data channel using the control information from the base station.
0. 16. A method of transmitting packet data at a base station in a communication system, the method comprising:
transmitting a control message over a packet data control channel to a mobile station, the control message comprising control information to be used by the mobile station to receive packet data on a packet data channel, wherein the control information comprises a start code number and an end code number which define a range of codes allocated to the mobile station to receive the packet data; and
transmitting the packet data over the packet data channel using the control information to the mobile station.
0. 1. A method of transmitting packet data in a communication system, comprising:
transmitting a control message over a packet data control channel, the control message having a LWCI field for indicating that a code set used in a packet data channel includes the 0th through the LWCIth codes on a code list; and
transmitting packet data over the packet data channel using the 0th through the LWCIth codes on the code list.
0. 2. The method of
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0. 7. A method of receiving packet data in a communication system, comprising:
receiving a control message on a packet data control channel, the control message having a LWCI field indicating that a code set used in a packet data channel includes the 0th through the LWCIth codes on a code list; and
receiving packet data over the packet data channel using the 0th through the LWCIth codes on the code list.
0. 8. The method of
0. 9. The method of
0. 10. The method of
0. 11. The method of
detecting a terminal identifier on the packet data control channel; and
determining whether the terminal identifier is matched with an identifier of a mobile station or not.
0. 12. The method of
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This application is a reissue application of U.S. Pat. No. 7,471,622 B2, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference, which is based on U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/830,053 filed Jul. 30, 2007, which is a Continuation Application of prior U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/259,292 filed Sep. 30, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,376,076 B2, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Korean Application Nos. 60962/2001 filed Sep. 29, 2001, 60963/2001 filed Sep. 29, 2001, 60964/2001 filed Sep. 29, 2001, 63248/2001 filed Oct. 13, 2001, 63261/2001 filed Oct. 13, 2001, 64014/2001 filed Oct. 17, 2001, and 68403/2001 filed Nov. 3, 2001, whose entire disclosures therein are incorporated herein by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a communication system, and more particularly, to a method for transferring a packet data in a mobile communication system.
2. Background of the Related Art
Typically, radio communication systems for transferring packet data use physical channels, such as, Packet Data Channel (hereinafter referred to as PDCH), Packet Data Control Channel (hereinafter referred to as PDCCH) and so forth.
The PDCH is a channel for use of transferring packet data that actually needs to be transferred to a relevant terminal, mobile station or user (hereinafter being used interchangeably). Many users prefer the PDCH based on the Time Division Multiplexing system (hereinafter referred to as TDM system). The PDCCH contains control information, enabling a terminal to receive the data being transferred through the PDCH without error.
When a base station transfers packet data using TDM system, or schedules data and later sending the data to each terminal in sequence, the packet data, which is transmitted to every terminal, always uses all of the available resources, e.g., Walsh codes, in the PDCH. Even when only a part of the available resources needs to be used, all of the resources are still used for the packet data. As a result thereof, most of other resources are wasted at the same time.
For example, data sent on PDCH need to be coded and decoded based on Walsh codes. Serial bits are converted to parallel, and the parallel bits are coded using the Walsh codes. In order to decode the data, the information regarding the Walsh codes is sent on the PDCCH.
In TDM system, there are plurality of time intervals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc, and only one of a plurality of terminals is allotted for each time interval where a PDCH and PDCCH are sent to the terminal during this allotted time interval. For example, if there are users 1 and 3 and time intervals 1 and 3, respectively, and if all 32-ary Walsh codes are available for use by terminal 1, all 32-ary Walsh codes are utilized in the PDCH during time interval 1. However, if the available Walsh codes decrease in time interval 3, all decreased Walsh codes are utilized for the PDCH. Even before terminal 3 can use the changed/decreased Walsh codes in time interval 3, it needs to know this information. In order to achieve this, the BS broadcasts such information using a Walsh Code Space Identification Identifier (WSI) field in the PDCCH (without PDCH) with MAC_ID field information bit of (000000)2 before time interval 3 to all terminals within a cell.
A base station regularly or irregularly broadcasts WSI on the PDCCH without the PDCH to all terminals under its management. In the course of the broadcast, the base station uses every possible power for all terminals (even including terminals in the worst environment) to be able to receive the information such that even the terminals in the worst environment can receive the WSI. Hence, the broadcasting consumes much power. Moreover, when the WSI change, the base station has to inform the changes to all terminals every time. In those cases, the base station cannot transmit PDCH, so the transmission efficiency of the entire system is consequently reduced.
The above references are incorporated by reference herein where appropriate for appropriate teachings of additional or alternative details, features and/or technical background.
An object of the invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method for transferring packet data to increase the resource usage efficiency.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a method for transferring packet data for use of a system based on Code Division Multiplexing mode (CDM)/Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) mode.
The present invention can be achieved in a whole or parts by a method comprising allowing a plurality of users to receive data; and decoding the data based on a table of code indices indicative of the channels, wherein a code index from the table indicate a prescribed channel for decoding the data.
The present invention can be achieved in a whole or parts by a method of providing information regarding the channels, comprising sending a code index i from a plurality of code indices 0-N, wherein code index i indicates 0 to i channels
The present invention can be achieved in a whole or parts by a method of decoding data received through Pack Data Channel (PDCH) using a Last Walsh Code Index (LWCI) of a Packet Data Control Channel Message transmitted over the Packet Data Control Channel (PDCCH) with the PDCH, comprising: decoding the LWCI; and decoding the data using N number of Walsh codes based on the LWCI.
The present invention can be achieved in a whole or parts by a message format of a Forward Packet Data Control Channel Message transmitted on at least one of F-PDCCH0 physical channel and F-PDCCH1 and having MAC_ID, WALSH_MASK, EP_SIZE, ACID, SPID, AL_SN, EX_MSQ_TYPE AND RESERVED, wherein the improvement comprises at least one of a first Last Walsh Code Index lwci0 of the F-PDCCH0 physical channel and a second Last Walsh Code Index lwci1, and the lwci0indicates that Walsh code set includes 0th through lwci0th entries in a Walsh Code Index (WCI) table. Preferably, the WCI table may be pre-stored in a mobile station and a base station, and respectively, the useable WCI table may be predetermined by signaling channel with each other.
The present invention can be achieved in a whole or in parts by a method of providing information regarding the channels, comprising sending a code index i from a plurality of code indices 0-N, wherein code index i indicates 0 to i channels.
The present invention can be achieved in a whole or in parts by a method comprising: allowing a plurality of users to receive data; decoding the data based on a table of code indices indicative of the channels, wherein a code index from the table indicate a prescribed channel for decoding the data.
The present invention can be achieved in a whole or in parts by a method for decoding data in a communication network, comprising: determining a prescribed value from a prescribed number of bits of a received field, wherein the prescribed value corresponds to at least one value in a table of first values; and determining a set of second values based on the prescribed value to decode the data, wherein there is a prescribed relationship between the first values and the second values.
The present invention can be achieved in a whole or parts by a method of allocating codes for corresponding data channels from a prescribed number of codes comprising: assigning code indices to the prescribed number of codes, such that there is a one-to-one correspondence between each code index and each code; transmitting a control message over the control channel, the control message having a plurality of fields, wherein one of the fields contains prescribed number of information bits based on at least one code index; and transmitting the data over the PDCH, wherein control message and data are sent concurrently.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and attained as particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to like elements wherein:
It is noted that the Walsh code, PDCH, and PDCCH are not necessarily limited to their definitions. Rather, they generally represent codes and channels having such prescribed functions. Further, Nmax—PDCH is the maximum number of PDCHs or PDCCHs available for a relevant system or sector, where Nmax—PDCH>0. Nreal—PDCH is the number of PDCHs or PDCCHs that are currently being used for a relevant system or sector at a certain point, where 0<Nreal—PDCH≦Nmax—PDCH.
For example, in a TDM based packet data transfer method illustrated in
In
In a dual mode system, such as a CDM/TDM system, involves a base station scheduling the data to be transferred to each user and sending the data following the TDM and CDM method. Although this system is referred to as a dual mode system, it can be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that a CDM system can be viewed as a single mode system, since a CDM system inherently includes a TDM mode, i.e., where only one user within a prescribed the length.
For example, a single PDCH with a corresponding PDCCH could be transferred at a prescribed length of the transmission unit (interval d), or several PDCH(i) with corresponding PDCCH(i) could be transferred together (interval a, b, c and e, etc). The PDCCH(i) is an individual PDCCH physical channel having its own control information. In a TDM mode, i.e., a single PDCH is transferred of interval d, the Walsh codes need not be divided. But if a plurality of PDCH(i) are transferred, the Walsh codes are divided or allocated between the physical channels.
As discussed above, the message format of PDCCH includes a plurality of fields, e.g., 9 fields, and a prescribed number of bits are used for each fields to form the control information bits. Based on the binary value of the bits, each field provides a prescribed control function for the operation of the user to use the data/information received on the PDCH. The description of the fields illustrated in
As can be appreciated, the number of bits for this field can differ depending on the number of all possible code allocation pattern and the type of codes, e.g., Walsh codes, being used. Further, the field for LWCI/CSWI serve the substantially the same function/way/result of allocating Walsh codes for use by a corresponding PDCCH(i), and this field can be generally called a Walsh Code Allocation (WCA) field. Depending upon the embodiments, the WCA field can be used to indicate the number of codes used or a general/specific set of Walsh code belonging to the WCI table based on the code indices.
In the preferred embodiment, the Walsh code is a common name of codes having orthogonality to each other and is generally used for transmission over the physical channel. As can be appreciated, different types of codes can be used depending on the system. The Walsh code space is a set of currently available Walsh codes when a base station transfers packet data, and the Walsh code space can vary depending upon time. Walsh_Max indicates a maximum number of Walsh codes that the Walsh code space can accommodate and Walsh (all) is a parameter indicating all Walsh codes that are usable for PDCH on the Walsh code space. Based on the Walsh codes within the Walsh code space, a code index from 0 to a prescribed number (num), where num>0 are assigned with a corresponding Walsh code within the Walsh code space. The assignment of the code indices to the Walsh codes in the Walsh code space can also be based upon priority.
In composing the WCI table, the code index is based on priorities of every Walsh code in the Walsh code space. For example, if there are a total of 28 Walsh codes (Wal_Max=28) available for composing the Walsh code space, every Walsh code corresponds to a code index. However, since the WCI table of the preferred embodiment lists the Walsh codes from the highest priority to the lowest, a lower code index corresponds to a higher priority. However, when the Walsh codes in the Walsh code space need to be allocated to the PDCH/PDCCH, the allocation may be based on priority (priority allocation) where the lowest code indexed Walsh codes are used before the higher code indexed Walsh codes, or priorities do not matter (non-priority allocation), e.g., a Walsh code with the lowest priority may be used first before a Walsh code with the highest priority code index.
In one of the preferred embodiments using the WCA field, especially for the embodiment using the LWCI field, power ranking is preferably used to determine which terminal is assigned to which PDCCH physical channel. Unless specifically indicated in the foregoing embodiments, power ranking may or may not be used. In other words, the modulation symbols transmitted on PDCCH (i) should be transmitted using at least as much energy as the modulation symbols transmitted on PDCCH(i+1) which is transmitted simultaneously with PDCCH(i). The power ranking generally assures that all terminals properly receive the information sent on the Packet Data Control Channel (PDCCH). In the preferred embodiment, power ranking is based on the required transmission power of the PDCCH of each scheduled user, i.e., when N PDCCH(i)/PDCH(i) are used at some time interval, user requiring the most power is assigned PDCCH(0) and user requiring the least power is assigned PDCCH(N−1). Alternatively, a user with the worst environment is assigned to PDCCH(0) and a user with the best environment is assigned to PDCCH(N−1).
For example, the terminal furthest away from base station, i.e., the terminal using the largest amount of power, is assigned to PDCH(0) and PDCCH(0), the terminal second furthest away from the base station is assigned PDCH (1) and PDCCH(1), the terminal third furthest away from the base station is assigned PDCH(2) and PDCCH(2), etc, such that power ranking of the PDCCH(i) physical channels is as follows PDCCH(0)≧PDCCH(1)≧ . . . PDCCH(i)≧ . . . ≧PDCCH(N−2)≧PDCCH (N−1), assuming that there are N number of terminals within a prescribed time interval.
For example if terminal 1 requires 3 mW and terminal 3 requires 7 mW, e.g., terminal 3 is further away from the base station than terminal 1 or terminal 3 is located in an environment which is worse than the environment of terminal 1, then PDCH(0) and PDCCH(0) is assigned or allocated to terminal 3 and PDCH(1) and PDCCH(1) is assigned or allocated to terminal 1.
Although in this example, power ranking was based on distance, this illustration is intending to be illustrative of power ranking, and the present invention is not to be limited based on this example since distance of the terminals is one of the ways for using the power ranking and other factors can be used for power ranking with or without distance consideration.
In 3GPP2 C.S0003-C v1.0, the 3GPP2 group has decided to use two physical data channels, PDCH(0) and PDCH(1), with two corresponding physical control channels, PDCCH(0) and PDCCH(1) and power ranking is used to assign terminals to the physical channels. In other words, the modulation symbols transmitted on the PDCCH(0) should be transmitted using at least as much energy as the modulation symbols transmitted on the PDCCH(1) that is being transmitted simultaneously.
General Setup in Accordance with a Preferred Embodiment.
A base station uses an appropriate channel to inform Nmax—PDCH to terminals under its management. Nmax—PDCH could be a maximum PDCCH(i) a relevant system or a sector can simultaneously use or the number of PDCH(i), and Nmax—PDCH could be either fixed or variable. The base station decides Nreal—PDCH(≦Nmax—PDCH) according to the scheduling result. If Nreal—PDCH is 1, it involves the TDM system, and if Nreal—PDCH is greater than 1, it involves the CDM system. Thereafter, the base station can use as many as PDCH/PDCCH based on the Nmax—PDCH, e.g., PDCH(0)/PDCCH(0), PDCH(1)/PDCCH(1), . . . , and PDCH (Nmax—PDCH−1)/PDCCH(Nmax—PDCH−1) as control channels.
A terminal preferably needs to find out which Walsh code is being used to transmit PDCCH, and the terminal may obtain a Walsh Code list (WCL) from the base station, in which the WCL includes the Walsh codes PDCCH uses, and the base station provides the WCL. The code indices wcl(0), wcl(1), . . . , and wcl(Nmax—PDCH−1) preferably have a one-to-one relationship with the PDCCH(0), PDCCH(1), . . . , and PDCCH(Nmax—PDCH−1), i.e., PDCCH(i) is transmitted by using wcl(i), based upon a predetermined rules between the base station and the terminals under its management.
Walsh Code list (WCL) is used to differentiate the different PDCCH(i) channels, whereas, WCA(i) is a field included in each PDCCH(i) to indicate a number of corresponding Walsh codes or a general/specific set of Walsh codes which is used to decode the data received via PDCH(i). Similar to WCI, the WCL is preferably stored in a mobile station and a base station, and the usable WCL may be obtained by channel signaling between each other.
General Decoding in Accordance with the Preferred Embodiment
When a terminal interprets each WCA(i) received through control channels, the interpretation of these field can be done independently in the preferred embodiment(s). For example, if the WCA field is indicative of a specific set (rather than a general set or a number of corresponding Walsh codes) of Walsh codes based on the code indices, the intended user matches the MAC_ID and obtains the WCA(i) without reference to other WCA(j) (i≠j).
In alternative preferred embodiment(s), the WCA(i) field may be indicative of the code index to form a set of Walsh codes or the WCA(i) field is indicative of a general set number of Walsh codes based on the code indices in the WCI table, the interpretation is preferably dependent upon other WCAs, where in order to interpret WCA(i), the terminal preferably refers to another WCA(j)(i≠j) based upon a predetermined condition for more accurate interpretation of its own WCA(i) value.
As discussed above, WCL is preferably used to differentiate each PDCCH(i) from one another. In this instance, the base station transmits PDCH(i) to a corresponding terminal in accordance with the PDCCH(i) information contain the MAC_ID of the corresponding terminal, and the terminal matches its MAC_ID and the MAC_ID of PDCCH(i). For example, the terminal sequentially decodes PDCCH(0), PDCCH(1), . . . , PDCCH(Nmax—PDCH−1) using wcl(0), wcl(1), . . . , wcl(Nmax—PDCH−1) until it finds its own MAC identifiers. Alternatively, the terminal can decode channels in a reverse order of PDCCH(Nmax—PDCH−1), PDCCH(Nmax—PDCH−2), . . . , PDCCH(0) using wcl(Nmax—PDCH−1), wcl(Nmax—PDCH−2), . . . , wcl(0) until it finds its own MAC_ID.
The predetermined condition for the WCA(i) may be based on WCA(i−1) being found. In this case, a terminal or a user who is assigned to receive the WCA(i) of PDCCH(i) should be able to receive the corresponding WCA values that are being transferred on PDCCH(0), PDCCH(1), . . . , PDCCH(i−1) or at least a terminal assigned to receive the WCA(i) of PDCCH(i) should be able to receive the WCA(i−1) that is being transferred on PDCCH(i−1). Unless explicitly indicated, this sequential decoding may or may not be used in the forgoing embodiments.
First Preferred Embodiment of WCA Field
The following will be a discussion related to the use of the WCI Table using the Walsh codes indices corresponding to the column index “000” in
As discussed above, the LWCI field is based upon the use of the code indices based on priority allocation, e.g., the PDCCH(0) physical channel is allocated a first set of Walsh codes corresponding to the lower code indices and the PDCCH(1) physical channel is thereafter allocated to second set of Walsh codes corresponding to the higher code indices after the first set of lower code indices have been assigned. In other words, the available Walsh codes in the Walsh code space is divided into a plurality of sets of Walsh codes, where the lower code indices are allocated or assigned to a lower numbered PDCCH. As can be appreciated, this priority can be reversed, where higher code indices are first allocated to a lower number PDCCH in an alternative embodiment (non-priority allocation).
Power ranking is also preferably used with the LWCI field, i.e., the terminal requiring the most power is assigned to PDCCH(0), and the terminal requiring the least power is assigned PDCCH(1). As can be appreciated, power ranking is preferable especially when there are more than two terminals. As can be further appreciated, power ranking may or may not be needed when two physical channels for two corresponding terminals are used, but is preferable.
For example,
In other words, the terminal assigned to PDCCH(0) transmission of the PDCH(0) occurs on Walsh codes with index 0 to index i in the WCI table, where i=the binary bits indicated in the LWCI field (lwci0) of the PDCCH(0). The terminal assigned to PDCCH(1) transmission of the PDCH(1) occurs on Walsh codes with index (i+1) to the j-th Walsh code, where j=the binary bits indicated in the LWCI field (lwci1) of the PDCCH(1).
As shown in
Similar to CDM scheduling, the LWCI field (lwci0) of PDCCH(0) is used to indicate the available Walsh code space in TDM scheduling. Only PDCCH(0) is used and PDCCH(1) is suspended. Further, if there are more than two physical channels, PDCCH(1) to PDCCH(Nmax—PDCH−1) are suspended. Likewise, not all available Walsh codes need to be used, and broadcasting is not required in this preferred embodiment.
In terms of the mobile station or terminal, a sequential decoding of the PDCCH is performed by all mobile station. Starting from PDCCH(0), the mobile station keeps on decoding the PDCCH until its corresponding MAC_ID is found. Once detecting the corresponding MAC_ID on the PDCCH(i), the mobile station assigned to PDCCH(i) collects the LWCI fields (lwci(i−1)) of PDCCH(i−1) and the LWCI field (lwci(i)) of PDCCH(i).
For example, when PDCCH(0) has been assigned to terminal 1 for transmission of PDCH(0), terminal 1 decodes the PDCCH(0) to determine lwci0. Since the code indices are based on priority allocation, terminal 1 can determine that PDCH(0) has been transmitted based on Walsh codes from index 0 to index lwci0 of the WCI table. However, for terminal 3 assigned to PDCCH(1) for transmission of PDCH(1), terminal 3 needs to collect the lwci0 in order to determine the Walsh codes from index lwci0+1 to index lwci1. Although terminal 3 can readily collect the lwci1 based on the MAC_ID of the PDCCH(1), terminal 3 still needs to obtain lwci0 from PDCCH(0). Due to power ranking, terminal 3 can ascertain that PDCCH(0) is transmitted with a higher power than itself or at least a equal power. Based on power, terminal 3 can obtain the lwci0 from PDCCH(0) to decode the PDCH(1) using the Walsh codes corresponding to index lwci0+1 to index lwci1.
In certain instances, the Walsh codes in the WCI table may be masked, and the terminal needs to receive the information regarding the masked Walsh codes to properly determine lwci(i), e.g., lwci0 and lwci1.
In such a situation, the base station notifies all the terminals by sending on PDCCH(0) with a MAC_ID field of ‘00000000’ and the WALSH_MASK field indicating which corresponding indices in the WCI table need to be omitted or deleted during a first prescribed time interval. Further, lwci0 is equal to −1 (negative 1). Thereafter, during the PDCCH(1) transmission of PDCH(1) within the first prescribed time interval, the corresponding terminal deletes the Walsh codes corresponding to the indices indicated to be omitted from PDCCH(0). Based upon such deletion, the decoding of PDCH(1) is based upon the WCI table illustrated in FIG. 6A. For example, if lwci1 on PDCCH(1) is equal to 12 and since −1 (lwci0)+1 equals 0, the PDCH(1) is decoded using Walsh codes 31, 27, 11, 19, 3, 30, 14, 22, 6 and 26 (Walsh codes corresponding to indices 0-12). Hence, the WALSH_MASK is applied to walsh codes determined by lwci0 and lwci1.
During the second prescribed time interval after the first prescribed time interval, a terminal is assigned to the PDCCH(0) transmission of the PDCH(0) includes a message format having a lwci0 field of 4 and another terminal is assigned to the PDCCH(1) transmission of the PDCH(1) includes a message format having a lwci1 field of 12. When the terminal assigned to PDCCH(0) obtains the lwci0 of 4, the masked Walsh codes are deleted as shown in
Based on the above description, the following applies when LWCI is used as a field for the PDCCH. The base station preferably sets this field to the last Walsh code index for the PDCH subpacket transmission concurrent with the transmission of this message on the PDCCH. If this message is being transmitted on the PDCCH(0) physical channel, the base station preferably sets this field to indicate that the Walsh code set includes the 0th through LWCIth entries in the WCI table. Otherwise, if this message is being transmitted on the PDCCH(1) physical channel, the base station preferably sets this field to indicate that the Walsh code set includes the (lwci0+1)th through LWCIth entries in the WCI table. If the MAC_ID in the PDCCH(0) message transmitted at the same time as this message is greater than or equal to ‘01000000’, then lwci is the last Walsh code index in the PDCCH(0) message. If the MAC_ID in the PDCCH(0) message is less than ‘01000000’, lwci0 is −1.
Second Preferred Embodiment of WCA Field
When there are a plurality of physical channels, Nmax—PDCH greater than 1, i of
The WCA(0) on the PDCCH(0) indicates that the same number of Walsh codes with the WCA(0) value is used from the WCI table, starting from the code index indicative of higher priority Walsh codes. If i is greater than zero, the CWSI on the PDCCH(i) means a specific set of the codes taken from the Walsh code space of the Code priority table, following a specific rule. Specifically, the WCA(i) (i>0), of the PDCCH(i) indicates that the data is being transferred on the PDCH(i) using the Walsh codes from a relevant set based on the code index.
In addition, when i is greater than zero, the WCA(i) on the PDCCH(i) indicates that the WCA(i) value corresponds to the code index in the WCI table such that the number of Walsh codes indicated by the code index in the WCI table (except for the Walsh codes used by PDCH(0), PDCH(1), PDCH(2), . . . , and PDCH(i−1)) is used based on priority allocation for transferring PDCH(i). The base station performs scheduling to make the transmission power of PDCCH(i) equal to or stronger than that of PDCCH(i+1) based on the assumption that the terminal for transmission of PDCCH(i) is located in a better or similar communication environment than the terminal for transmission of PDCCH(i+1), i.e., power ranking. Further, when a terminal interprets a WCA(i) value of PDCCH(i), it preferably uses the WCA(j) information of other PDCCH(j) other than PDCCH(i), i.e., sequential decoding.
For example, suppose that the CDM/TDM system is used, and Nmax—PDCH is 2, and broadcasting is not used. Hence, two of each PDCH(0), PDCCH(0), PDCH(1), and PDCCH(1) are used. If the WCA(0) field of the PDCCH(0) corresponds to the index code 4 of the WCI table, the same number (1-4) of Walsh codes, e.g., 31 (code index=1), 15 (code index=2), 23 (code index=3) and 7 (code index=4) in
Further, if the WCA(1) field of PDCCH(1) corresponds to the code index 10 of the WCI table, the WCA(1) value indicates that the corresponding number of Walsh codes, except for the Walsh codes used by the PDCH(0), are taken from the WCI table for the transmission of PDCH(1), starting from the higher priority code indexed Walsh codes to the lower priority code indexed Walsh codes, e.g., 27 (code index=5), 11 (code index 6), 19 (code index=7), 3 (code index=8), 29 (code index=9) and 13 (code index=10) of FIG. 6B.
As can be appreciated for all the embodiments, the composition of the WCI table allows many flexibilities. In this embodiment and the previous embodiment, the last code index has been used, but the code index can also be used as beginning Walsh Code index (BWCI). For example, if WCA (0)=4, PDCCH(0) will indicate Walsh codes 31, 15, 23 and if WCA(1)=10, PDCCH(1) will indicate Walsh codes 7, 27, 11, 19, 3, and 29. Based on the disclosure of the embodiments, the implementation will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
Third Preferred Embodiment of WCA Field
For example, if there are N number of users and Walsh codes corresponding to code indices 0 to 16 from the WCI table are available, where the other Walsh codes are used for other purposes, the SCN/ECN field for the 1st user (terminal or mobile station) of PDCCH(i) for transmission of PDCH(i), where i=0 to N−1 and i between different users are not the same, will include a SCN(0) of 0 and a ECN(0) of 3, the SCN/ECN field for the 2nd user of PDCCH(i) will include a SCN(1) of 4 (ENC(0)+1) and a ECN(1) of 9, . . . , and the SCN/ECN field for the Nth user of PDCCH(i) will include a SCN(N−1) of 13 (ECN(N−2)+1) and ECN(N−1) of 16 within a prescribed time interval for CDM scheduling.
In other words, the PDCH(i) for the 1st user is transmitted on Walsh codes 31, 15, 23, and 7, the PDCH(i) for the 2nd user is transmitted on Walsh codes 27, 11, 19, 3, 29 and 13, . . . , and the PDCH(i) for the Nth user is transmitted on Walsh codes 9, 30, 14 and 22. In terms of decoding, the 1st user searches for the corresponding MAC_ID field to obtain or collect the SCN and the ECN information bits, the 2nd user searches for the corresponding MAC_ID field to obtain or collect the SCN and the ECN information bits, . . . , and the Nth user searches for the corresponding MAC_ID field to obtain or collect the SCN and the ECN information bits in control message of the PDCCH(i).
In this embodiment, the priority, power ranking and/or sequential decoding may or may not be used due to the flexibility of this Walsh code allocation. For example, if none of the above is used, the SCN and ECN fields would comprise, for example, 10 bits, where 5 bits is would be representative of the SCN information bits and the other 5 bits would be representative of the ECN information bits. In such a case, the different users search for the corresponding MAC_ID field in corresponding PDCCH transmission of the PDCH, and use the Walsh codes corresponding to the SCN and the ECN in the WCI table.
If priority of the code indices is used, the PDCCH(0) will be allocated with the lowest code indices or the highest code indices, depending upon the order of priority. In such an instance, there is no need for the SCN(0) for the PDCCH(0) since this will be equal to 0 or the highest code index in the WCI table. Hence, the SCN/ECN field of PDCCH(0) may be, for example, 5 bits representative of the ECN information bits corresponding to a set of lower code indices within the WCI table whereas the SCN/ECN fields of the remaining PDCCH(i), where i=0 to N−1, will include both SCN(i) and ECN(i) information bits.
If both priority of the code indices and power ranking is use, the same as above applies to the PDCCH(0) physical channel. However, the SCN/ECN field of the last PDCCH(N−1) physical channel does not need to contain one of SCN(N−1) and ECN(N−1) information bits. For example, if the SCN/ECN field includes, for example, 5 information bits representative of SCN(N−1) of the code indices, the Nth user can readily utilize the Walsh codes corresponding to the set of code indices starting from SCN(N−1) to the last code index within the WCI table. Alternative, if the SCN/ECN field includes, for example, 5 information bits representative of ECN(N−1) of the code indices, the Nth user can readily utilize the Walsh codes corresponding to the set of code indices starting from the ECN(N−1) to the ECN(n−2)+1.
In another modification which uses priority, power ranking and sequential decoding, SCN/ECN field become the same as the LWCI field. In this instance, the SCN/ECN would preferable contain ECN information bits, which would be the same as LWCI field. Hence, the description above regarding the LWCI field is readily applicable to this preferred embodiment. Further, the discussion regarding masking is also readily applicable to this preferred embodiment whether or not priority or priority allocation, power ranking and/or sequential decoding is applied.
For TDM scheduling or mode, the PDCCH(0) is preferably used to provide ECN(0) of 5 bits, and the other physical channels PDCCH(1) to PDCCH(N−1) are suspending similar to the embodiment of LWCI.
This embodiment has various advantages. For example, in both CDM and TDM scheduling or mode, broadcasting is not required since the PDCCH is transmitted with the corresponding MAC_ID information. Further, Walsh code allocation (CDM) and available Walsh space indication (TDM) can be performed in a common manner. Also, the Walsh code allocation can be done in a fully flexible manner such that there is flexibility in system operation.
Fourth Preferred Embodiment of the WCA Field
For example, the Walsh codes used for transferring PDCH(m) corresponds to Walsh codes from the code index starting point 14[=WCA(0)+WCA(1)+ . . . +WCA(m−1)=14] and the code index ending point 19[=WCA(0)+WCA(1)+ . . . +WCA(m)]. In this preferred embodiment, the code index starting point of PDCH(0) is zero based on priority allocation. That is, the Walsh codes used for transferring PDCH(0) are the ones between the cod index starting point 0 and the code index ending point 4[=WCA(0)].
The WCA(m) can be interpreted by a terminal independently and once WCA(m) of PDCCH(m) including a terminal's MAC identifier is interpreted, any arbitrary terminal can get the information about the Walsh codes that are used by PDCH(m) where its packet data is being transferred.
The independent interpretation on WCA(m) by a terminal is largely divided into two cases. In the first case, all WCA(m) values have the same meaning. In the second case, one of the WCA value among all other WCA values has a different meaning.
In the first case, a plurality of control channels PDCCH (i) includes information regarding the Walsh codes that are positioned in the WCI table based on the first and the last code index. When PDCH(m) is transferred by using codes placed between a certain code index (Start_Walsh_Code; hereinafter referred to as SWC) in the WCI table and another specific code index (End_Walsh_Code; hereinafter referred to as EWC) in the Code priority table, the WCA(m) value comprises the value of the SWC and EWC.
For example, suppose that the WCA information bit on PDCCH(i) is 10 bits (x_i=10), then WCA(1)=(00100 01010)2, as illustrated in FIG. 7B. The starting point Walsh code is based on a SWC index whose position on the WCI table is 001002=410, and the ending Walsh code is based on a EWC index whose position on the WCI table is 010102=1010. In this first case, every WCA(m) field of PDCCH(m) can use the same message format, e.g., x_i=10.
In the second case, at least one WCA(m) is based on a single code index number indicative of the number of Walsh codes used for the data transmission channel in accordance with the priority allocation, and the other WCA(m) include both the SWC index and the EWC index according to the priority allocation. In such a case, PDCCH(i), except for PDCCH(0), can use the same configuration with each other such that x—0=5, and x_i=10(i>0). In general, if i is larger than 0, x_i is twice x—0. In this example based on the illustration of
However, for WCA(m), where m>0, the WCA(m) field includes both the SWC index and the EWC index in the WCI table. In this example based on the illustration of
Fifth Embodiment of the WCA Field
Walsh(i) is a set of Walsh codes the PDCH(i) uses at a particular time of transmission. It is composed of the components of the Walsh code space. Although the Walsh code space does not change, the Walsh codes included in the Walsh(i) changes based on time. In other words, a previous Walsh(i) and a current Walsh(i) have different components and the total number of their components. The Walsh code unit for the Walsh(i) is x, and the number of components of each Walsh(i) is a multiple of x., i.e., 1x, 2x, 3x and so forth. Here, the number of components of Walsh(i) is independent of the number of Walsh(all).
For example, if Walsh_max is 28, the Walsh code usage unit is 3, and the bit number of the WCA field is 6 based on WCA field indicates the number of Walsh codes (vs. WCA field containing the information about the set, in which case the number of bits of the WCA field can be as many as necessary.), the 11 points (e.g., P—0, P—1, . . . , P—10, as shown in
Sixth Embodiment of WCA Field
In the example shown in
In TDM mode, the PDCCH(0) physical channel can be used to transmit the available Walsh codes with the WCISV(0) field. Again, no broadcasting is required and the various advantages described above can be readily applicable to this embodiment.
Seventh Embodiment of the WCA Field
When a terminal interprets WCA(i) with reference to other WCA(j) that are receives through a control channel, if a PDCCH(i) satisfies a specific condition, the WCA(i) bit number, x_i, of the PDCCH(i) can be set to zero. In other words, given that the WCA is not broadcasted, and if the transmission power of a previously transmitted control channel among a plurality of control channels is the same or greater than the transmission power of a control channel that is to be transmitted, the number of bits of WCA of the control channel that is to be transmitted is 0. Hence, a terminal, which received WCA of 0 bits in the control channel implicitly interpreted such 0 bits of the WCA as indicative of using Walsh codes except the ones presently used for other control channels among the Walsh codes used for the plural control channels previously.
If the following conditions are satisfied, the number of bits for WCA(M,t2) of PDCCH(M, t2) could be 0. The transmission power of PDCCH(L, t1) is equal or greater than the transmission power of PDCCH(1, t2). In a such case, the Walsh codes for transferring PDCH(M,t2) are the remaining codes except for the Walsh codes that are used for transferring PDCCH(1, t2), PDCCH(2, t2), . . . , and PDCCH(M−1, t2)} among the Walsh codes used for transferring PDCCH(1, t1), PDCCH(2, t1), . . . , and PDCCH(L, t1).
Eighth Embodiment of the WCA Field
In the above-described embodiments, there is a possibility there are more than one PDCCH(i) having the same MAC identifier among a the plurality of PDCCHs being simultaneously transferred. In other words, among {PDCCH(0), PDCCH(1), . . ., PDCCH(Nreal—PDCH−1)}, the MAC identifier for PDCCH(i) and for PDCCH(j)(i≠j) could be identical with each other.
In this instance, the terminal may collectively regard part or all of the PDCHs corresponding to the PDCCHs having the same MAC identifier as one PDCH, and the terminal may undertake the reception procedure thereof (e.g., performing decoding, or error correction code check) and performs signal processing thereon. The terminal determines, with reference to the other information bits besides the MAC_ID, whether it should collectively regard certain PDCHs among the plurality of PDCHs corresponding to PDCCHs with the same MAC identifier as one PDCH/PDCCH.
If the MAC_ID of two PDCCH are the same (two is intended to be exemplary), but EP_SIZE, ACID, AI_SN, and SPID are different, the terminal regards the two PDCHs and two corresponding PDCCHs as different, and the terminal undertakes the reception procedure for each PDCH separately. However, if the MAC_ID, EP_SIZE, ACID, AI_SN, and SPID are the same, the terminal collectively regards the two PDCHs and PDCCHs as one PDCH and PDCCH, and the terminal initiates the reception procedure for one PDCH/PDCCH. Further, the Walsh codes that are used for transferring PDCH at this time are the ones that are used by the relevant PDCHs for relevant PDCCHs.
For example, if PDCCH(2) and PDCCH(5) have the same MAC_ID, EP_SIZE, ACID, AI_SN, and SPID, the PDCH(2) and the PDCH(5) being transferred are actually as one PDCH. Hence, if the WCA(2) and WCA(5) fields of PDCCH(2) and PDCCH(5) indicates Walsh codes 31, 15, 23 and Walsh codes 22, 6, 26, 10, and 18, respectively, based on a code index indicative of a number of Walsh codes in the WCI table, or based on a general set of Walsh codes corresponding to code index or based on a specific set of Walsh codes corresponding to the code index, the terminal can readily determine that Walsh codes 31, 15, 23, 22, 6, 26, 10, 18 is to be used for decoding.
Ninth Embodiment of the WCA Field
In addition to the above embodiments illustrating the use of the additional field which is broadly labeled as the WCA field, a Code Division Multiple Indicator field (hereinafter referred to as CDMI) may be further added to the information bits of PDCCH(i) in order to increase the overall system efficiency, as illustrated in FIG. 11(). The CDMI allows the terminals to know the number of control channels that are currently being transferred through the CDM system.
According to a predetermined rule between the terminal and the base station, the CDMI(i) will indicate to the terminal that it is suppose to receive another PDCCH(k). For example, if CDMI(i)=(0)2, this will indicate to the terminal that it will not receive PDCCH(k) since there is no PDCCH(k), and if CDMI(i)=(1)2, this will indicate to the terminal that it should attempt to receive PDCCH(k), if necessary, since there is a PDCCH(k). As can be appreciated, the value of 0 or 1 or vice versa can be use to indicate whether there is another control channel, and further, other values of CDMI may be used. To implement this embodiment, the terminal preferably includes an additional device for detecting different bit number of the CDMI. One example of the additional devices is generating error detection bits in accordance with the bit number of y_i when PDCCH is generated.
Tenth Embodiment of the WCA Field
For the purpose of improving the applicability of Walsh codes, the Walsh codes that are reserved for the transmission of PDCCH(i) (i.e., codes in the Walsh Code Space) can be used for the transmission of PDCHs if a corresponding PDCCH(i) is not currently using the Walsh codes. In such case, the base station preferably informs the terminals which PDCHs are using the Walsh codes in the WCI table. In such a case, the CDMI of the previous embodiment can be used for such a task.
The base station allows the terminals to know which Walsh codes in the WCI table are being used for which PDCH based on the code indices. The terminals, discovering in which PDCCH(i) a specific value of CDMI is found, concludes which Walsh codes in WCI table are used for which PDCH. In complying to the predetermined rule(s) between the base station and the terminals, a terminal is supposed to receive PDCCH(i) and thereafter PDCCH(k). If the value of the CDMI(i) equals 0, there is no PDCCH(k).
For example, let assume that Nmax—PDCH is 4, and WCL=wcl(0), wcl(1), wcl(2), and wcl(3). When CDMI(i) value on a certain PDCCH(i) is 0, the Walsh codes for use of the transmission of PDCH(i) corresponding to PDCCH(i) includes the Walsh codes that are allocated for transferring PDCH(i) in the WCI table, and the Walsh codes that are not yet used by PDCCH(0), PDCCH(1), . . . , PDCCH(i) in the WCI table. For instance, suppose that PDCCH(1) indicates a PDCCH whose CDMI value is 0. Then, among wcl(2) and wcl(3), the codes, which satisfy the predetermined requirements between the terminal and the base station, are used additionally for transferring PDCH(1).
Eleventh Embodiment of the WCA Field
As previously described in some of the embodiment, the WCA can be used for the TDM system or TDM scheduling. However, all the previous embodiments are readily applicable to TDM system or TDM scheduling. In TDM system, Nmax—PDCH is equal to 1, and hence, TDM system uses only one PDCH(i) and one PDCCH(i), and the other PDCHs and PDCCHs are suspended. In such an instance, the WCA can be used as WSI, but without the need to broadcast regularly or intermittently. Further, the WCA serving as the WSI can allocate the resources such that not all available Walsh codes are used for transmission of the PDCH(i) and PDCCH(i).
In this instance, the 5-bit WCA, 2-bit ACID, and the 3-bit EP_SIZE are preferably used. Further, the value of the WCA represents the code index on the WCI table, and represent the number of codes from the highest priority code indexed Walsh code to the lower priority code index Walsh code of the WCI table, e.g., LWCI. For example, if the value of WCA is ‘000112(310)’, 3 Walsh codes from code index 0 to code index 3 of
Twelfth Embodiment of the WCA Field
In the above 11 embodiments, WCA was not broadcasted to all the terminals, but was transferred only to specific terminals. However, the unique feature of the WCA allows flexibility such that WCA may be used via broadcasting using a prescribed control channel. This control channel may be one of the existing control channels or a new broadcasting channel labeled as Walsh Code Allocation Channel.
For example, when Nmax—PDCH is 2, two PDCH(i) and two PDCCH(i) are used, wherein i=0 and 1. Assuming that the PDCCH(0) is used for broadcasting, the information bits on the PDCCH(0) are set up in a particular way, e.g., MAC_ID equals ‘00000000’, and SPID is set up as ‘11’ and the 2-bit ACID is added with the x—0 bits, e.g., 5 bits, of the WCA. This can be broadcasted to all the terminals to notify the available Walsh codes. The 5 bit WCA can indicate the number of Walsh codes in the WCI table, e.g., LWCI, a general set of Walsh codes in the WCI table or a specific set of Walsh codes in the WCI table. Alternatively, the PDCCH(1) physical channel can be used for such broadcasting.
Transmission Chain for Packet Data Channel Structure
The Packet Data Channel preferably transmits a prescribed number of information bits, e.g., 386, 770, 1538, 2306, 3074, or 3842 bits. Sixteen packet frame quality indicator bits and six turbo encoder tail allowance bits are added to the information bits to form encoder packets. The encoder packets are encoded with a rate-1/5 turbo encoder, interleaved, and scrambled. Thereafter, symbols from the scrambled sequence are selected for transmission as a subpacket. The selected symbols may not include all of the scrambled output symbols or they may include all of the scrambled output symbols with some symbols repeated one or more times. The selected subpacket symbols are modulated into QPSK, 8-PSK, or 16-QAM symbols and demultiplexed into one to 28 32-chip Walsh channels used for that Forward Packet Data Channel. Each of these Walsh channels is spread with a different 32-chip Walsh function. Then, the spread symbols on the Walsh channels are summed to obtain a single sequence of I/Q-symbols.
A turbo encoder 12 discards the turbo encoder tail allowance bits and adds turbo encoder output tail bits such that the number of bits out of the rate-1/5 turbo encoder is five times the number of bits in an encoder packet. The encoder packets are turbo encoded with a code rate of 1/5.
During encoding, an encoder output tail sequence is added, and the turbo encoder generates Nturbo/R encoded data output symbols followed by 6/R tail output symbols, where R is the code rate of 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5, where Nturbo is the total number of information bits and frame quality indicator bits. The turbo encoder 12 employs two systematic, recursive, convolutional encoders connected in parallel, with an interleaver, the turbo interleaver, preceding the second recursive convolutional encoder. The two recursive convolutional codes are called the constituent codes of the turbo code. The outputs of the constituent encoders are punctured and repeated to achieve the (Nturbo+6)/R output symbols.
The turbo encoder output sequence is interleaved by a channel interleaver 13. The interleaving comprises symbol separation, subblock interleaving, and symbol grouping of the turbo encoder output sequence. Every interleaver output symbol are exclusive-OR'd with the corresponding bit of the scrambling sequence generated by a scrambler 13 based on a public long code mask or a private long code mask to yield a scrambled output bit.
Subpacket symbols are selected from the scrambler output sequence by a selector 15. Encoder packets are transmitted as one or more subpackets. Initially, the first subpacket is transmitted. Then, subsequent subpackets are transmitted if requested by the mobile station. The symbols in a subpacket are formed by selecting specific sequences of symbols from the interleaved and scrambled turbo encoder output sequence. The resulting subpacket sequence is a binary sequence of symbols for a modulator 16.
The symbols from the subpacket symbol selection process are modulated. The modulator 16 maps the symbols from the subpacket symbol selection process into a sequence of QPSK, 8-PSK, or 16-QAM modulation symbols. The type of modulation depends on the encoder packet size, number of Walsh channels, and number of slots.
The modulated symbols are demultiplexed into Walsh channels, each Walsh channel is Walsh spread, and the spread symbols from the Walsh channels are summed. A demultiplexer 17 demultiplexes the in-phase stream at the output of QPSK/8-PSK/16-QAM modulator into N parallel streams, I1, I2, . . . , IN, where N is the total number of 32-chip Walsh codes that are indicated in WCI_SET (i.e., WCI table). Similarly, the quadrature stream at the output of the QPSK/8-PSK/16-QAM modulator are demultiplexed into N parallel streams, Q1, Q2, . . . , QN. For each k=1, 2, . . . , N, the demultiplexed streams with labels Ik and Qk are assigned to the in-phase and quadrature phases, respectively, of the kth Walsh code that appears in the WCI_SET. Following the Walsh channel spreading, the spread subpacket modulation symbols from the Walsh channels are summed by a summer 18 to form a single sequence of (I, Q) symbols.
After performing a orthogonal spreading and channel gain, each code channel is spread in quadrature by a spreader. The spreading sequence is preferably a quadrature sequence of a prescribed length, e.g., 215 (i.e., 32768 PN chips in length). This sequence is called the pilot PN sequence. Following the spreading operation, the I and Q impulses are applied to the inputs of the I and Q baseband filters 20a and 20b. Thereafter, the outputs of the filters 20a and 20b are mixed, summed and transmitted over the PDCH.
On the terminal side, the decoding is substantially the reverse of this encoding process.
Transmission Chain for Packet Data Control Channel Structure
An error detection code like CRC (cyclic redundancy check) code in an error detection code adding block 101 to the input sequence. This added bit is provided with tail bits for sending a final state of the encoder from a tail bit adding blocks 102 trellis termination. The bits with tail bit are encoded to convolutional code at the encoder 103.
The encoded bits are repeated to a prescribed repetition factor at the symbol repetitive block 104. Such repeated bits goes through puncturing process at the symbol puncturing block 105. Those puncturing processed bits are interleaved at the block interleaver 106, and are modulated at the modulator 107, in conforming to QPSK method. The modulated signals are divided into I channels and Q channels, by using part of the Walsh codes indicated by WCL.
For a given base station, the I and Q pilot PN sequences for the Forward Packet Data Control Channel preferably use the same pilot PN sequence offset as for the Forward Pilot Channel. The modulation symbols transmitted on the first Forward Packet Data Control Channel (PDCCH_ID=‘0’) should preferably be transmitted using at least as much energy as the modulation symbols transmitted on the second Forward Packet Data Control Channel (PDCCH_ID=‘1’) that is being transmitted simultaneously, Nmax—PDCH is 2.
The tail bit generator generates the last eight bits of each Forward Packet Data Control Channel frame are called the Encoder Tail Bits. Preferably, each of the eight bits is set to ‘0’. The encoder convolutionally encodes as the PDCCH frame. Preferably, the encoder is initialized to the all-zero state at the end of each frame. The encoded PDCCH frame undergoes code symbol repetition and the code symbols resulting from the symbol repetition are punctured. The modulation symbols on the PDCCH are then interleaved, and the interleaver block is align with the PDCCH frame. The modulation signal is provided to the signal point mapping block (e.g., modulator) for transmission
The foregoing embodiments and advantages are merely exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The present teaching can be readily applied to other types of apparatuses. The description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative, and not to limit the scope of the claims. Many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In the claims, means-plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures.
Kim, Ki Jun, Lee, Young Jo, Yun, Young Woo, Yoon, Suk Hyon, You, Cheol Woo, An, Jong Hoe, Kim, Young Cho
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