A control system for charging enabling efficient charging of rechargeable batteries in an electronic apparatus which charges its rechargeable batteries by using a charger circuit when driving the apparatus by using an external power source, including first detecting unit for detecting a differential value between a maximum permissible charging current allowed by the rechargeable batteries and a charging current flowing to the rechargeable batteries; second detecting unit for detecting a maximum usable current by detecting a differential value between a maximum supplyable current allowed by the external power source and the current consumption of the apparatus; third detecting unit for detecting a differential value between a maximum useable current and the charging current flowing to the rechargeable batteries; and control unit for controlling the system in accordance with the differential values detected by the first and third detecting units so that the charger circuit generates the maximum charging current within the range where the charging current flowing to the rechargeable batteries does not exceed either of the maximum permissible charging current and the maximum useable current.
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0. 18. A charge control circuit as set forth in 11, wherein the input voltage decreases toward a lesser value for power source currents greater than the predetermined value, and
the control circuit controls the charger based on the detected input voltage value so that the input voltage does not decrease below the lesser value due to the supplying of charging power.
0. 11. A charge control circuit for controlling a charger for an electronic apparatus that applies an input voltage supplied from a power source to a load and has the charger for charging a battery by using the input voltage, the input voltage supplied from said power source being a substantially constant voltage for power source currents less than or equal to a predetermined value, the charge control circuit comprising:
a first detector which detects the input voltage from the power source;
a second detector which detects a difference between charging current toward the battery and a given value, the given value being a maximum permissible charging current allowed by the battery; and
a control circuit which reduces the charging current according to at least one of the detected input voltage and the difference detected by the second detector.
0. 1. A system for controlling the supply of power from an external power source to rechargeable batteries in an apparatus which can be powered either by the external power source or the rechargeable batteries, comprising:
a first detector for detecting a difference between a maximum permissible charging current allowed by the rechargeable batteries and a charging current flowing to the rechargeable batteries;
a second detector for detecting a maximum useable current by detecting a difference between a maximum suppliable current allowed by the external power source and the current being consumed by the apparatus;
a third detector for detecting a difference between the maximum useable current and the charging current flowing to the rechargeable batteries; and
a controller for controlling power supplied from the external power source to the rechargeable batteries in accordance with the differences detected by the first and third detectors so that the charging current flowing to the rechargeable batteries does not exceed the maximum permissible charging current and does not exceed the maximum useable current.
0. 2. A system for controlling as set forth in
0. 3. A system for controlling the supply of power from an external power source to rechargeable batteries in an apparatus which can be powered by either the external power source or the rechargeable batteries, comprising:
a first detector for detecting a difference between a maximum permissible charging current allowed by the rechargeable batteries and a charging current flowing to the rechargeable batteries;
a second detector for detecting a difference between a lowest permissible output voltage allowed by the external power source and an output voltage which is being output by the external power source; and
a controller for controlling power supplied from the external power source to the rechargeable batteries in accordance with the differences detected by the first and second detectors so that the charging current flowing to the rechargeable batteries does not exceed the maximum permissible charging current and the output voltage being output by the external power source is not less than the lowest permissible output voltage.
0. 4. A control system for controlling as set forth in
0. 5. A system for controlling as set forth in
wherein said controller controls the power supplied from the external power source to the rechargeable batteries by determining if either the first or third detector detects a negative difference thus indicating that the charging current exceeds a maximum,
wherein if either of the first or third detector detects a negative difference, the controller selects the largest negative difference and controls the charging current to increase the largest negative difference to a zero difference, and
wherein if neither of the first or third detector detects a negative difference, the controller selects the largest positive difference and controls the charging current to decrease the largest positive difference to a zero difference.
0. 6. A system for controlling as set forth in
wherein said controller controls the power supplied from the external power source to the rechargeable batteries by determining if any of the first, third or fourth detector detects a negative difference thus indicating that the charging current or the supply voltage exceeds a maximum,
wherein if any of the first, third or fourth detector detects a negative difference, the controller selects the largest negative difference and controls the charging current to increase the largest negative difference to a zero difference, and
wherein if none of the first, third or fourth detector detects a negative difference, the controller selects the largest positive difference and controls the charging current to decrease the largest positive difference to a zero difference.
0. 7. A system for controlling as set forth in
wherein said controller controls the power supplied from the external power source to the rechargeable batteries by determining if either of the detector detects a negative difference thus indicating that the charging current exceeds a maximum or the output voltage is less then a minimum,
wherein if either of the detector detects a negative difference, the controller selects the largest negative difference and controls the charging current to increase the largest negative difference to a zero difference, and
wherein if neither of the detector detects a negative difference, the controller selects the largest positive difference and controls the charging current to decrease the largest positive difference to a zero difference.
0. 8. A system for controlling as set forth in
wherein said controller controls the power supplied from the external power source to the rechargeable batteries by determining if any of the detector detects a negative difference thus indicating that a current or a voltage is greater than a maximum or less than a minimum,
wherein if any of the detector detects a negative difference, the controller selects the largest negative difference and controls the charging current to increase the largest negative difference to a zero difference, and
wherein if none of the detector detects a negative difference, the controller selects the largest positive difference and controls the charging current to decrease the largest positive difference to a zero difference.
0. 9. A system for controlling the supply of power from a charger circuit to rechargeable batteries, the rechargeable batteries being used to supply power to a power supply circuit, comprising:
a sense resistor having two ends, located between the rechargeable batteries and a connection point for the charger circuit and the power supply circuit, the sense resistor detecting current flowing into and out of the rechargeable batteries;
a current measurement device having two inputs connected respectively to the two ends of the sense resistor, the current measurement device determining which of the two inputs has a larger voltage and generating a voltage in accordance with the difference between the voltages of the two inputs to thereby measure the current flowing into or out of the rechargeable battery; and
a control circuit regulating to a constant current the current flowing into the rechargeable batteries, based on the current flowing into the rechargeable batteries detected by the sense resistor.
0. 10. A system for controlling as set forth in
0. 12. The charge control circuit as set forth in 11, wherein power applied to the load varies based on the state of the load.
0. 13. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 12, wherein the charger comprises a switch which turns charging power to the battery ON and OFF, and the control circuit controls the charging power by controlling the switch.
0. 14. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 12, wherein the control circuit controls the charging current with the second detector so that the charging current toward the battery becomes equal to or lower than said given value.
0. 15. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 12, wherein the control circuit controls the charging voltage so that a charging voltage detected by a charging voltage detector which detects the charging voltage of the battery becomes, equal to or lower than a voltage value assigned to the battery.
0. 16. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 12, wherein the power source is an AC adapter.
0. 17. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 12, wherein the power source is a power source for generating a DC voltage.
0. 19. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 18, wherein the charger comprises a switch which turns charging power to the battery ON and OFF, and the control circuit controls the charging power by controlling the switch.
0. 20. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 18, wherein the control circuit controls the charging current with the second detector so that the charging current toward the battery becomes equal to or lower than said given value.
0. 21. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 18, wherein the control circuit controls the charging voltage so that a charging voltage detected by a charging voltage detector which detects the charging voltage of the battery becomes equal to or lower than a voltage value assigned to the battery.
0. 22. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 18, wherein the power source is an AC adapter.
0. 23. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 18, wherein the power source is a power source for generating a DC voltage.
0. 24. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 11, wherein the charger comprises a switch which turns charging power to the battery ON and OFF, and the control circuit controls the charging power by controlling the switch.
0. 25. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 11, wherein the control circuit controls the charging current with the second detector so that the charging current toward the battery becomes equal to or lower than said given value.
0. 26. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 11, wherein the control circuit controls the charging voltage so that a charging voltage detected by a charging voltage detector which detects the charging voltage of the battery becomes equal to or lower than a voltage value assigned to the battery.
0. 27. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 11, wherein the power source is an AC adapter.
0. 28. A charge control circuit as set forth in claim 11, wherein the power source is a power source for generating a DC voltage.
0. 29. The charge control circuit according to claim 11, wherein
the control circuit reduces the charging current if the detected input voltage is decreased.
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50 55 is read to read the charging current flowing through the sense resistor R0 and this is integrated to update the remaining amount of battery power of the rechargeable battery 50.
Next, at step 5, it is detected whether or not an instruction for stopping the apparatus has been issued. When it is detected that no command for stopping the apparatus has been issued, the processing routine goes to step 6, at which it is decided whether or not the remaining amount of battery power has reach full charge. When it is decided that it has not reached full charge, the processing routine returns to step 4, at which the remaining amount of battery power continues to be updated. When it is decided that it has reached full charge, the processing routine goes to step 7, at which the control circuit 54 is stopped. At the subsequent step 8, the remaining amount of battery power is saved and the processing is ended.
Next, at step 5, when it is detected that an instruction for stopping the apparatus has been issued, the processing routine immediately goes to step 7, at which the control circuit 54 is stopped. At the subsequent step 8, the remaining amount of battery power is saved and the processing is ended.
On the other hand, when it is detected at step 1 that the AC adapter has not been attached, that is, when the power of the rechargeable battery 50 is supplied to the DC/DC converter 52, the processing routine goes to step 9, at which the remaining amount of battery power of the rechargeable battery 50 which has been saved is read out. Subsequently, at step 10, the output voltage of the current measuring circuit 55 is read to read the discharging current flowing through the sense resistor R0 and this is integrated, thereby to update the remaining amount of battery power of the rechargeable battery 50. Subsequently, at step 11, it is detected whether or not an instruction for stopping the apparatus has been issued. When it is detected that no instruction for stopping the apparatus has been issued, the processing routine returns to step 10, at which the remaining amount of battery power continues to be updated. When it is detected that an instruction for stopping the apparatus has been issued, the processing routine goes to step 8, at which the remaining amount of battery power is saved and the processing is ended.
In this way, the microcontroller 56 stops the charging by accurately detecting the completion of charging of the rechargeable battery 50 even if the charging current which is generated by the charger circuit 53 dynamically changes.
The example of
An example of the correspondence between the output current [A] and the output voltage [V] possessed by the AC adapter will be illustrated in
As shown in this figure, the AC adapter maintains a voltage output of the rated output voltage when the output current is less than the rated output current, such as 0 to 1500 mA. If a current more than the rated output current is required, by lowering the output voltage to for example 15.0V, an overload state is notified to the load side. This has the function of cutting off the voltage output after the ultra-overload state is reached when a further larger current is required.
This means that, when the output voltage of the AC adapter is lowered to the prescribed lowest permissible output voltage, the limit of the power supply capability of the AC adapter is reached. By utilizing this characteristic, when the output voltage of the AC adapter is lowered to the lowest permissible output voltage, the charging current of the charger 53 is limited. This means that the maximum supply current of the AC adapter required to be originally input to the control circuit 54 can be omitted in the example of
A fifth embodiment of the present invention using that method is illustrated in
In the figure, the same elements as those explained referring to
The point of difference from the embodiment of
As shown in this figure, the control circuit 54 used in the embodiment of
This first error amplifier 544-1 (ERA1) is an amplifier for measuring the voltage drop across the sense resistor R0 and outputs a voltage proportional to the charging current charging current flowing through the sense resistor R0. The third error amplifier 544-3 (ERA3) amplifies a differential value between the charging current which is output by the first error amplifier 544-1 and the maximum charging current (e1) allowed by the rechargeable battery 50 to be given to the ERC1 terminal and inputs this amplified differential value to the PWM comparator 542.
The second error amplifier 544-2 (ERA2) amplifies a differential value between the voltage supplied to the rechargeable battery 50 to be input to the first error amplifier 544-1 and the maximum supply voltage value allowable by the rechargeable battery 50 which is given by the internal battery and inputs this amplified differential value to the PWM comparator 542. The fourth error amplifier 544-4 (ERA4) amplifies a differential value between the output voltage of the AC adapter which is detected by the resistors R11 and R12 and the lowest permissible output voltage of the AC adapter which is given by the internal battery (set to for example 15.0V) and inputs this amplified differential value to the PWM comparator 542.
Responding to the voltages which are output by the third error amplifier 544-3, second error amplifier 544-2, and the fourth error amplifier 544-4 and the triangular wave voltage which is output by the triangular wave generator 541, the PWM comparator 542 generates a pulse having a pulse width dependent on the input voltage. Receiving this pulse, the driver 543 turns the main transistor Tr1 ON during the period when the PWM comparator 542 outputs the high level and, at the same time, turns the main transistor Tr1 OFF during the period when the PWM comparator 542 outputs the low level.
This PWM comparator 542 is constituted by comparison circuits which are provided corresponding to the input voltages from three error amplifiers similar to that explained referring to
Due to this configuration, as shown in
Namely, the PWM comparator 542 does not generate a pulse when one or more of the input voltages from the three error amplifiers exceeds the limit value and specifies the one nearest the limit value when there is none exceeding the limit value and generates a pulse of the high level having a length in accordance with this.
Responding to the generation of pulses of this PWM comparator 542, the driver 543 turns the main transistor Tr1 ON during the period when the PWM comparator 542 outputs the high level and turns the main transistor Tr1 OFF during the period when the PWM comparator 542 outputs the low level. Thus, the magnitude of the charging current which is generated by the charger 53 is controlled so that the output voltage of the error amplifier which originates the pulse of the PWM comparator 542 becomes the zero value.
Due to the control circuit 54 of this configuration, the charger 53 charges the rechargeable battery 50 by a charging current limited by whichever of the charging current which is detected by the sense resistor R0 (with a limit value of the maximum charging current allowed by the rechargeable battery 50), the voltage supplied to the rechargeable battery 50 (with a limit value of the maximum supply voltage allowable by the rechargeable battery 50), and the output voltage of the AC adapter which is detected by the resistors R11 and R12 (with a limit value of the lowest permissible output voltage of the AC adapter) first reaches the limit value. That is, the charging current which is generated by the charger 53 is not limited up to the maximum output current allowed by the AC adapter.
In this way, the rechargeable battery 50 is charged by the maximum charging current within a range allowed by both of the rechargeable battery 50 and the AC adapter, and therefore it becomes possible to rapidly charge the rechargeable battery 50 at the time of the operation of the electronic apparatus 1.
Now, in the fifth embodiment of
When the apparatus is stopped, all of the current which is supplied from the AC adapter can be used as the charging current of the rechargeable battery 50, and therefore the charging at the maximum current value 1000 mA allowable by the battery becomes possible. Accordingly, the charging at this time ends in about 1 hour.
On the other hand, when the apparatus is being operated, the current consumption dynamically changes in a range of from 0 to 1100 mA. Here, however, it is assumed that the current consumption of the apparatus is 1000 mA. The charger 53 operates so as to output 1000 mA since the maximum permissible charging current of the rechargeable battery 50 is 1000 mA. However, when the charging current which is generated by the charger 53 reaches 500 mA, the negative current value of the AC adapter becomes 1500 mA, and from a point of time when exceeding this 1500 mA, the output voltage of the AC adapter starts to drop. The control circuit 54 operates so as to limit the output of the charger 53 at the point of time when the output voltage starts to be lowered by monitoring the output voltage of this AC adapter, and consequently, the charging current which is generated by the charger 53 is restricted to the value of 500 mA.
When the current consumption of the apparatus is increased and becomes 1100 mA, a voltage drop of the AC adapter occurs along with the increase of this current consumption. Therefore the charger 53 further decreases the charging current to be generated according to the command of the control circuit 54 and decreases the same down to 400 mA. Subsequently, when the current consumption of the apparatus is decreased and becomes 800 mA, the output voltage of the AC adapter returns to the rated voltage. As a result, the limitation by the output voltage of the AC adapter is released and therefore the charger 53 increases the charging current to be generated according to the command of the control circuit 54 and meets the voltage drop point of the AC adapter at the point of time when increasing the charging current to 700 mA. The current limitation starts there.
In this way, in the present invention, in accordance with the capacity of the AC adapter, the charging is carried out along with the dynamic change of the current consumption of the apparatus while dynamically changing the charging current in a range of from 1000 mA to 400 mA. The average current consumption of the apparatus is 400 mA, and therefore also this charging current becomes 1000 mA on the average. This charging current of 1000 mA is a current no different from that when the apparatus is stopped, and accordingly even if the apparatus is operating, the charging can be carried out in about 1 hour.
In this way, the present invention adopted a method wherein a function of measuring the current consumption on the apparatus side by monitoring the output voltage of the AC adapter is provided. In accordance with the current consumption on this apparatus side, the charging current of the charger 53 is dynamically changed, thereby to enable constant charging by the maximum capability of the AC adapter. Due to this, the charging time of the rechargeable battery 50 can be greatly shortened.
Contrary to this, the related art does not adopt a structure for dynamically detecting the dynamically changing power consumption on the apparatus side and therefore is designed considering the maximum power consumption. Due to this, when the maximum power consumption at the time of the operation of apparatus is 1100 mA and the maximum current supplyable by the AC adapter is 1500 mA, the current useable by the charger 53 becomes 400 mA. As a result, irrespective of any current consumption of the apparatus, at the time of the operation of the apparatus, the charging is always carried out at 400 mA, and a charging time of about 3 hours becomes necessary.
In this way, in the present invention, by performing the charging in accordance with the capability of the AC adapter, it becomes possible to greatly shorten the charging time of the rechargeable battery 50.
The present invention was explained according to the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not restricted to this. For example, in the concrete examples, the present invention was described by using a rechargeable battery 50 in which the supply voltage is restricted, but it is also possible to use a rechargeable battery 50 in which the supply voltage is not restricted. In this case, it is not necessary to constitute the system so as to limit the charging current by this supply voltage.
As explained above, according to the present invention, where an electronic apparatus is provided with a rechargeable battery, it becomes possible to charge the rechargeable battery by the maximum charging current within a range allowed by both of the rechargeable batteries and the external power source, and therefore it becomes possible to rapidly charge the rechargeable battery at the time of operation of the electronic apparatus.
Further, according to the present invention, even if the charging current of the rechargeable batteries dynamically changes, it becomes possible to accurately detect the completion of charging of the rechargeable batteries. Further, according to the present invention, by using the same resistor for the sense resistor for the detection of the charging current of the rechargeable batteries and the sense resistor for the detection of the discharging current of the rechargeable batteries, it becomes possible to measure the charging/discharging current of the rechargeable batteries with a simple structure.
Tanaka, Nobuo, Ozawa, Hidekiyo, Saeki, Mitsuo, Matsuda, Kouichi
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