A semiconductor device has a first substrate with a central region. A plurality of bumps is formed around a periphery of the central region of the first substrate. A first semiconductor die is mounted to the central region of the first substrate. A second semiconductor die is mounted to the first semiconductor die over the central region of the first substrate. A height of the first and second die is less than or equal to a height of the bumps. A second substrate has a thermal conduction channel. A surface of the second semiconductor die opposite the first die is mounted to the thermal conductive channel of the second substrate. A thermal interface layer is formed over the surface of the second die. The bumps are electrically connected to contact pads on the second substrate. A conductive plane is formed over a surface of the second substrate.
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6. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a first substrate;
mounting a first semiconductor die to the first substrate;
forming bumps over the first substrate and around the first semiconductor die;
providing a second substrate having thermal conduction channels and first contact pads disposed on a first surface of the second substrate, the thermal conduction channels including a horizontal channel disposed on the first surface of the second substrate and vertical channels disposed through the second substrate to contact the horizontal channel, the first contact pads separated from the horizontal channel; and
mounting a surface of the first semiconductor die to the horizontal channel of the second substrate.
4. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a first substrate;
mounting a first semiconductor die to the first substrate;
forming first bumps over the first substrate around a periphery of the first semiconductor die, wherein a height of the first semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the first bumps;
providing a second substrate having thermal conduction channels, the thermal conduction channels including a horizontal channel disposed on a first surface of the second substrate and vertical channels disposed through the second substrate to contact the horizontal channel; and
mounting a back surface of the first semiconductor die to the horizontal channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material, the back surface of the first semiconductor die opposite an active surface of the first semiconductor die.
5. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a first substrate;
mounting a first semiconductor die to the first substrate;
forming first bumps over the first substrate around a periphery of the first semiconductor die, wherein a height of the first semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the first bumps;
providing a second substrate having thermal conduction channels, the thermal conduction channels including a horizontal channel disposed on a first surface of the second substrate and vertical channels disposed through the second substrate to contact the horizontal channel, wherein providing the second substrate comprises providing first contact pads on the first surface of the second substrate that are separated from the horizontal channel; and
mounting a surface of the first semiconductor die to the horizontal channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material.
3. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a first substrate;
mounting a first semiconductor die to the first substrate;
forming bumps over the first substrate around a periphery of the first semiconductor die, wherein a height of the first semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the bumps;
providing a second substrate having thermal conduction channels disposed in a central region of the second substrate and a conductive plane, the thermal conduction channels including a horizontal channel disposed entirely in the central region on a first surface of the second substrate and vertical channels disposed through the second substrate to contact the horizontal channel and the conductive plane, the conductive plane disposed on a second surface of the second substrate and spanning across an entire width of the horizontal channel; and
mounting a surface of the first semiconductor die to the horizontal channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material.
2. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a first substrate;
mounting a first semiconductor die to the first substrate;
mounting an active surface of a second semiconductor die to the first semiconductor die over the first substrate;
forming bumps over the first substrate around a periphery of the first and second semiconductor die, wherein a height of the first and second semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the bumps;
providing a second substrate having thermal conduction channels disposed in a central region of the second substrate and a conductive plane, the thermal conduction channels including a horizontal channel disposed on a first surface of the second substrate and vertical channels disposed through the second substrate to contact the horizontal channel and the conductive plane, the conductive plane disposed on a second surface of the second substrate and spanning across a width of the central region of the second substrate; and
mounting a back surface of the second semiconductor die opposite the active surface of the second semiconductor die to the horizontal channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material.
1. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a first substrate having a central region;
forming first bumps around a periphery of the central region of the first substrate;
mounting a first semiconductor die to the central region of the first substrate;
mounting an active surface of the second semiconductor die to the first semiconductor die over the central region of the first substrate, wherein a height of the first and second semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the first bumps;
providing a second substrate having thermal conduction channels and a conductive plane, the thermal conduction channels disposed entirely within a central region of the second substrate, the thermal conduction channels including a horizontal channel disposed on a first surface of the second substrate and vertical channels disposed through the second substrate to contact the horizontal channel and the conductive plane, the conductive plane disposed on a second surface of the second substrate and spanning across a width of the central region of the second substrate;
mounting a back surface of the second semiconductor die that is opposite the active surface of the second semiconductor die to the horizontal channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material;
electrically connecting first contact pads disposed on the first substrate to second contact pads disposed on an active surface of the second semiconductor die using second bumps disposed between the first contact pads and second contact pads; and
electrically connecting the first bumps to third contact pads disposed outside the central region and on the first surface of the second substrate.
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forming a masking layer over the first substrate; and
depositing an underfill material between the first substrate and first and second semiconductor die, the underfill material being contained by the masking layer.
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The present application is a reissue application of U.S. Pat. No. 8,143,108, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/960,893, filed Oct. 7, 2004, and claims priority to the foregoing application pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §120 which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/084,787, now abandoned, filed Feb. 25, 2002, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/272,236, filed Feb. 27, 2001.
Semiconductor devices are commonly found in modern electronic products. Semiconductor devices vary in the number and density of electrical components. Discrete semiconductor devices generally contain one type of electrical component, e.g., light emitting diode (LED), small signal transistor, resistor, capacitor, inductor, and power metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). Integrated semiconductor devices typically contain hundreds to millions of electrical components. Examples of integrated semiconductor devices include microcontrollers, microprocessors, charged-coupled devices (CCDs), solar cells, and digital micro-mirror devices (DMDs).
Semiconductor devices perform a wide range of functions such as signal processing, high-speed calculations, transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals, controlling electronic devices, transforming sunlight to electricity, and creating visual projections for television displays. Semiconductor devices are found in the fields of entertainment, communications, power conversion, networks, computers, and consumer products. Semiconductor devices are also found in military applications, aviation, automotive, industrial controllers, and office equipment.
Semiconductor devices exploit the electrical properties of semiconductor materials. The atomic structure of semiconductor material allows its electrical conductivity to be manipulated by the application of an electric field or base current or through the process of doping. Doping introduces impurities into the semiconductor material to manipulate and control the conductivity of the semiconductor device.
A semiconductor device contains active and passive electrical structures. Active structures, including bipolar and field effect transistors, control the flow of electrical current. By varying levels of doping and application of an electric field or base current, the transistor either promotes or restricts the flow of electrical current. Passive structures, including resistors, capacitors, and inductors, create a relationship between voltage and current necessary to perform a variety of electrical functions. The passive and active structures are electrically connected to form circuits, which enable the semiconductor device to perform high-speed calculations and other useful functions.
Semiconductor devices are generally manufactured using two complex manufacturing processes, i.e., front-end manufacturing, and back-end manufacturing, each involving potentially hundreds of steps. Front-end manufacturing involves the formation of a plurality of die on the surface of a semiconductor wafer. Each die is typically identical and contains circuits formed by electrically connecting active and passive components. Back-end manufacturing involves singulating individual die from the finished wafer and packaging the die to provide structural support and environmental isolation.
One goal of semiconductor manufacturing is to produce smaller semiconductor devices. Smaller devices typically consume less power, have higher performance, and can be produced more efficiently. In addition, smaller semiconductor devices have a smaller footprint, which is desirable for smaller end products. A smaller die size can be achieved by improvements in the front-end process resulting in die with smaller, higher density active and passive components. Back-end processes may result in semiconductor device packages with a smaller footprint by improvements in electrical interconnection and packaging materials.
Another goal of semiconductor manufacturing is to produce semiconductor devices with adequate heat dissipation. High frequency and high power consumption semiconductor devices generally generate more heat. Without effective heat dissipation, the generated heat can reduce performance, decrease reliability, and reduce the useful lifetime of the semiconductor device.
Chip scale packages housing semiconductor die are in increasing demand in applications such as hand-held or portable electronics and in miniaturized storage devices, such as disk drives. In many such applications, there is a need for such packages to operate at very high frequencies, typically in excess of 1 GHz, to meet the needs of analog or RF devices and of fast memories used in cellular phones. Chip scale packages are in common use in such applications. Chip scale packages conventionally employ wire bonding to electrically connect the semiconductor die and substrate.
It is desirable to minimize thickness of the chip scale package. Chip scale packages with bond wire interconnect have an overall package height in the range of 0.6-0.8 millimeters (mm). Further reduction of package thickness is increasingly difficult in part due to the fact that wire bonding interconnection employs wire loops of finite height imposing lower limits on size in the “Z” direction) and finite span imposing lower limits on size in the “X” and “Y” directions. The bond wires are routed from bond pads at the upper surface of the die, up and then across and down to bond sites on the upper surface of the substrate onto which the die is attached. The bond wires are enclosed with a protective encapsulating material. The bond wires and encapsulation typically contribute about 0.2-0.4 mm to the package thickness. In addition, as chip scale packages are made thinner, the second level interconnections between the package and the printed circuit board are less reliable. In particular, second level interconnections that lie under the footprint of the semiconductor die are most adversely affected.
Moreover, improvement of electrical performance presents significant challenges because of the difficulty in reducing the signal path length, as the bond wires typically have a length about 1.0 mm. The structure of the package necessitates wrap-around routing of conductive traces as the traces fan outward to vias and run back inward to the bump locations.
A need exists for a package structure that circumvents the above obstacles and provides for further package miniaturization, improved high-speed operation, and effective power dissipation. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present invention is a method of making a semiconductor device comprising the steps of providing a first substrate having a central region, forming a plurality of bumps around a periphery of the central region of the first substrate, mounting a first semiconductor die to the central region of the first substrate, and mounting a second semiconductor die to the first semiconductor die over the central region of the first substrate. A height of the first and second semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the bumps. The method further includes the steps of providing a second substrate having a thermal conduction channel, mounting a surface of the second semiconductor die opposite the first semiconductor die to the thermal conductive channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material, and electrically connecting the bumps to contact pads on the second substrate.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a method of making a semiconductor device comprising the steps of providing a first substrate, mounting a first semiconductor die to the first substrate, mounting a second semiconductor die to the first semiconductor die over the first substrate, and forming a plurality of bumps over the first substrate around a periphery of the first and second semiconductor die. A height of the first and second semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the bumps. The method further includes the steps of providing a second substrate having a thermal conduction channel, and mounting a surface of the second semiconductor die opposite the first semiconductor die to the thermal conductive channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a method of making a semiconductor device comprising the steps of providing a first substrate, mounting a first semiconductor die to the first substrate, and forming a plurality of bumps over the first substrate around a periphery of the first semiconductor die. A height of the first semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the bumps. The method further includes the steps of providing a second substrate having a thermal conduction channel, and mounting a surface of the first semiconductor die to the thermal conductive channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a semiconductor device comprising a first substrate and first semiconductor die mounted to the first substrate. A second semiconductor die is mounted to the first semiconductor die over the first substrate. A plurality of bumps is formed over the first substrate around a periphery of the first and second semiconductor die. A height of the first and second semiconductor die is less than or equal to a height of the bumps. A second substrate has a thermal conduction channel. A surface of the second semiconductor die opposite the first semiconductor die is mounted to the thermal conductive channel of the second substrate with a thermal interface material.
The present invention is described in one or more embodiments in the following description with reference to the figures, in which like numerals represent the same or similar elements. While the invention is described in terms of the best mode for achieving the invention's objectives, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents as supported by the following disclosure and drawings.
Semiconductor devices are generally manufactured using two complex manufacturing processes: front-end manufacturing and back-end manufacturing. Front-end manufacturing involves the formation of a plurality of die on the surface of a semiconductor wafer. Each die on the wafer contains active and passive electrical components, which are electrically connected to form functional electrical circuits. Active electrical components, such as transistors and diodes, have the ability to control the flow of electrical current. Passive electrical components, such as capacitors, inductors, resistors, and transformers, create a relationship between voltage and current necessary to perform electrical circuit functions.
Passive and active components are formed over the surface of the semiconductor wafer by a series of process steps including doping, deposition, photolithography, etching, and planarization. Doping introduces impurities into the semiconductor material by techniques such as ion implantation or thermal diffusion. The doping process modifies the electrical conductivity of semiconductor material in active devices, transforming the semiconductor material into an insulator, conductor, or dynamically changing the semiconductor material conductivity in response to an electric field or base current. Transistors contain regions of varying types and degrees of doping arranged as necessary to enable the transistor to promote or restrict the flow of electrical current upon the application of the electric field or base current.
Active and passive components are formed by layers of materials with different electrical properties. The layers can be formed by a variety of deposition techniques determined in part by the type of material being deposited. For example, thin film deposition can involve chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), electrolytic plating, and electroless plating processes. Each layer is generally patterned to form portions of active components, passive components, or electrical connections between components.
The layers can be patterned using photolithography, which involves the deposition of light sensitive material, e.g., photoresist, over the layer to be patterned. A pattern is transferred from a photomask to the photoresist using light. In one embodiment, the portion of the photoresist pattern subjected to light is removed using a solvent, exposing portions of the underlying layer to be patterned. In another embodiment, the portion of the photoresist pattern not subjected to light, the negative photoresist, is removed using a solvent, exposing portions of the underlying layer to be patterned. The remainder of the photoresist is removed, leaving behind a patterned layer. Alternatively, some types of materials are patterned by directly depositing the material into the areas or voids formed by a previous deposition/etch process using techniques such as electroless and electrolytic plating.
Depositing a thin film of material over an existing pattern can exaggerate the underlying pattern and create a non-uniformly flat surface. A uniformly flat surface is required to produce smaller and more densely packed active and passive components. Planarization can be used to remove material from the surface of the wafer and produce a uniformly flat surface. Planarization involves polishing the surface of the wafer with a polishing pad. An abrasive material and corrosive chemical are added to the surface of the wafer during polishing. The combined mechanical action of the abrasive and corrosive action of the chemical removes any irregular topography, resulting in a uniformly flat surface.
Back-end manufacturing refers to cutting or singulating the finished wafer into the individual die and then packaging the die for structural support and environmental isolation. To singulate the die, the wafer is scored and broken along non-functional regions of the wafer called saw streets or scribes. The wafer is singulated using a laser cutting tool or saw blade. After singulation, the individual die are mounted to a package substrate that includes pins or contact pads for interconnection with other system components. Contact pads formed over the semiconductor die are then connected to contact pads within the package. The electrical connections can be made with solder bumps, stud bumps, conductive paste, or wirebonds. An encapsulant or other molding material is deposited over the package to provide physical support and electrical isolation. The finished package is then inserted into an electrical system and the functionality of the semiconductor device is made available to the other system components.
Electronic device 50 can be a stand-alone system that uses the semiconductor packages to perform one or more electrical functions. Alternatively, electronic device 50 can be a sub-component of a larger system. For example, electronic device 50 can be part of a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), digital video camera (DVC), or other electronic communication device. Alternatively, electronic device 50 can be a graphics card, network interface card, or other signal processing card that can be inserted into a computer. The semiconductor package can include microprocessors, memories, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), logic circuits, analog circuits, RF circuits, discrete devices, or other semiconductor die or electrical components. Miniaturization and weight reduction are essential for these products to be accepted by the market. The distance between semiconductor devices must be decreased to achieve higher density.
In
In some embodiments, a semiconductor device has two packaging levels. First level packaging is a technique for mechanically and electrically attaching the semiconductor die to an intermediate carrier. Second level packaging involves mechanically and electrically attaching the intermediate carrier to the PCB. In other embodiments, a semiconductor device may only have the first level packaging where the die is mechanically and electrically mounted directly to the PCB.
For the purpose of illustration, several types of first level packaging, including bond wire package 56 and flip chip 58, are shown on PCB 52. Additionally, several types of second level packaging, including ball grid array (BGA) 60, bump chip carrier (BCC) 62, dual in-line package (DIP) 64, land grid array (LGA) 66, multi-chip module (MCM) 68, quad flat non-leaded package (QFN) 70, and quad flat package 72, are shown mounted on PCB 52. Depending upon the system requirements, any combination of semiconductor packages, configured with any combination of first and second level packaging styles, as well as other electronic components, can be connected to PCB 52. In some embodiments, electronic device 50 includes a single attached semiconductor package, while other embodiments call for multiple interconnected packages. By combining one or more semiconductor packages over a single substrate, manufacturers can incorporate pre-made components into electronic devices and systems. Because the semiconductor packages include sophisticated functionality, electronic devices can be manufactured using cheaper components and a streamlined manufacturing process. The resulting devices are less likely to fail and less expensive to manufacture resulting in a lower cost for consumers.
In
BGA 60 is electrically and mechanically connected to PCB 52 with a BGA style second level packaging using bumps 112. Semiconductor die 58 is electrically connected to conductive signal traces 54 in PCB 52 through bumps 110, signal lines 114, and bumps 112. A molding compound or encapsulant 116 is deposited over semiconductor die 58 and carrier 106 to provide physical support and electrical isolation for the device. The flip chip semiconductor device provides a short electrical conduction path from the active devices on semiconductor die 58 to conduction tracks on PCB 52 in order to reduce signal propagation distance, lower capacitance, and improve overall circuit performance. In another embodiment, the semiconductor die 58 can be mechanically and electrically connected directly to PCB 52 using flip chip style first level packaging without intermediate carrier 106.
A plurality of bumps 132 is formed over contact pads 133 on surface 126. In this embodiment, semiconductor die 124 is located in a center region of substrate 122 and bumps 132 are arranged around a peripheral region of semiconductor die 124 to the edge of the substrate. An underfill material or epoxy-resin adhesive material 134 is deposited in the thin gap between substrate 122 and semiconductor die 124. In one embodiment, the gap between substrate 122 and active surface 130 is less than about 0.025 mm. Substrate 122 includes a plurality of conductive traces formed on surface 126 to electrically connect bumps 128 and 132. One or more of the conductive traces on substrate 122 can be formed as coplanar waveguides, in which ground lines are formed to run along-side the signal line on a planar dielectric material.
The dimensions of the various features can be selected to minimize the overall thickness of the chip scale package. Chip scale package 120 achieves miniaturization and high-speed operation by employing a flipchip interconnection between substrate 122 and semiconductor die 124, and further by mounting the semiconductor die on the same side of the substrate as bumps 132, which provide a second level interconnect. For example, the thickness of substrate 122 can be 0.1 mm, the height of semiconductor die 124 can be 0.18 mm, and the height of bumps 132 can be 0.3 mm with a 0.5 mm pitch, to yield an overall package height of approximately 0.4 mm. Accordingly, the combined thickness of semiconductor die 124 and the gap is less than or equal to the height of bumps 132 so that the effective die thickness is accommodated within the second level interconnect, and contributes nothing to the overall package thickness (“Z” direction miniaturization). With no bumps 132 within the footprint of semiconductor die 124, the second level interconnect reliability is superior to that of conventional chip scale packages having bumps within the footprint of the die. Moreover, the length of the longest conductive trace between bumps 128 and bumps 132 is less that 1.0 mm, which provides enhanced electrical performance.
An optional ground plane 136 is formed over surface 138 of substrate 122, opposite surface 126. Ground plane 136 can be a continuous metal sheet, e.g., Cu, substantially covering surface 138. One or more conductive vias 140 are formed through substrate 122 to electrically connect ground plane 136 through bumps 132 to a low-impedance ground point.
A semiconductor die 190 has an active surface 192 containing analog or digital circuits implemented as active devices, passive devices, conductive layers, and dielectric layers formed within the die and electrically interconnected according to the electrical design and function of the die. For example, the circuit can include one or more transistors, diodes, and other circuit elements formed within active surface 192 to implement analog circuits or digital circuits, such as digital signal processor (DSP), central processing unit (CPU), ASIC, memory, or other signal processing circuit. Semiconductor die 190 can also contain IPDs, such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, for RF signal processing. A plurality of bumps 194 is formed over contact pads 195 on active surface 192 for electrical interconnect.
A semiconductor die 200 has an active surface 202 containing analog or digital circuits implemented as active devices, passive devices, conductive layers, and dielectric layers formed within the die and electrically interconnected according to the electrical design and function of the die. For example, the circuit can include one or more transistors, diodes, and other circuit elements formed within active surface 202 to implement analog circuits or digital circuits, such as DSP, CPU, ASIC, memory, or other signal processing circuit. Semiconductor die 200 can also contain IPDs, such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, for RF signal processing. A plurality of bumps 204 is formed over contact pads 205 on active surface 202, outside a footprint of semiconductor die 190, for electrical interconnect.
Semiconductor die 200 is mounted to semiconductor die 190. Semiconductor die 190 and 200 are mounted to a central region 206 of surface 174, as shown in
Semiconductor die 190 has a smaller footprint as compared to semiconductor die 200 so that bumps 204 can be electrically connected to contact pads 210 around a peripheral region of semiconductor die 190. Semiconductor die 190 and 200 constitute an ultra thin package-on-package (PoP) arrangement mounted to substrate 170 between bumps 180. The combined height of semiconductor die 190 and 200 with bumps 194 and 204 is less than or equal to the height of bumps 180.
The heat generated by semiconductor die 190 and 200 is dissipated through TIM 220 and thermal conduction channels 226 to conductive plane 225. Conductive plane 225 can be securely mounted to equipment or chassis for further heat distribution. Conductive plane 225 can also serve as a ground plane for semiconductor die 190 and 200 to the equipment, as well as heat distribution. The PoP and substrate structure 214 can handle high power devices and provide effective heat dissipation with a high I/O count, all in an ultra thin PoP package.
In
A semiconductor die 250 has an active surface 252 containing analog or digital circuits implemented as active devices, passive devices, conductive layers, and dielectric layers formed within the die and electrically interconnected according to the electrical design and function of the die. For example, the circuit can include one or more transistors, diodes, and other circuit elements formed within active surface 252 to implement analog circuits or digital circuits, such as DSP, CPU, ASIC, memory, or other signal processing circuit. Semiconductor die 250 can also contain IPDs, such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, for RF signal processing. A plurality of bumps 254 is formed over contact pads 256 on active surface 252 for electrical interconnect.
A plurality of vias is formed through semiconductor die 250 using mechanical drilling, laser drilling, or deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). The vias are filled with Al, Cu, Sn, Ni, Au, Ag, titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), polysilicon, or other suitable electrically conductive material using electrolytic plating, electroless plating process, or other suitable metal deposition process to form z-direction conductive through silicon vias (TSV) 258.
A semiconductor die 260 has an active surface 262 containing analog or digital circuits implemented as active devices, passive devices, conductive layers, and dielectric layers formed within the die and electrically interconnected according to the electrical design and function of the die. For example, the circuit can include one or more transistors, diodes, and other circuit elements formed within active surface 262 to implement analog circuits or digital circuits, such as DSP, CPU, ASIC, memory, or other signal processing circuit. Semiconductor die 260 can also contain IPDs, such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, for RF signal processing. A plurality of bumps 264 is formed over contact pads 265 on active surface 262 for electrical interconnect.
Semiconductor die 250 is mounted to a central region 266 of surface 234, as shown in
Semiconductor die 250 and 260 constitute an ultra thin PoP arrangement mounted to substrate 230 between bumps 240. The combined height of semiconductor die 250 and 260 with bumps 254 and 264 is less than or equal to the height of bumps 240.
The heat generated by semiconductor die 250 and 260 is dissipated through TIM 276 and thermal conduction channels 282 to conductive plane 285 for heat dissipation. Conductive plane 285 can be securely mounted to equipment or chassis for further heat distribution. Conductive plane 285 can also serve as a ground plane for semiconductor die 250 and 260 to the equipment, as well as heat distribution. The PoP and substrate structure 274 can handle high power devices and provide effective heat dissipation with a high I/O count, all in an ultra thin PoP package.
In another embodiment,
A semiconductor die 310 has an active surface 312 containing analog or digital circuits implemented as active devices, passive devices, conductive layers, and dielectric layers formed within the die and electrically interconnected according to the electrical design and function of the die. For example, the circuit can include one or more transistors, diodes, and other circuit elements formed within active surface 312 to implement analog circuits or digital circuits, such as DSP, CPU, ASIC, memory, or other signal processing circuit. Semiconductor die 310 can also contain IPDs, such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, for RF signal processing. A plurality of bumps 314 is formed over contact pads 315 on active surface 312 for electrical interconnect. A second semiconductor die can be mounted to semiconductor die 310, similar to
A TIM 316 is formed over back surface 318 of semiconductor die 310 to aid with distribution and dissipation of heat generated by the semiconductor die. TIM 316 can be aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, boron nitride, or pulverized silver. An optional heat distributing layer 320 is mounted over TIM 316. Heat distributing layer 320 can be Cu, Al, or other material with high thermal conductivity.
Semiconductor die 310 with heat distributing layer 320 is mounted to a central region 322 of surface 294, as shown in
The heat generated by semiconductor die 310 is dissipated through TIM 316, heat distributing layer 320, and thermal conduction channels 332 to conductive plane 336 of PCB 330. The semiconductor die and substrate structure 328 can handle high power devices and provide effective heat dissipation with a high I/O count, all in an ultra thin PoP package.
A semiconductor die 360 has an active surface 362 containing analog or digital circuits implemented as active devices, passive devices, conductive layers, and dielectric layers formed within the die and electrically interconnected according to the electrical design and function of the die. For example, the circuit can include one or more transistors, diodes, and other circuit elements formed within active surface 362 to implement analog circuits or digital circuits, such as DSP, CPU, ASIC, memory, or other signal processing circuit. Semiconductor die 360 can also contain IPDs, such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, for RF signal processing. A plurality of bumps 364 is formed over contact pads 366 on active surface 362 for electrical interconnect.
A plurality of vias is formed through semiconductor die 360 using mechanical drilling, laser drilling, or DRIE. The vias are filled with Al, Cu, Sn, Ni, Au, Ag, Ti, W, polysilicon, or other suitable electrically conductive material using electrolytic plating, electroless plating process, or other suitable metal deposition process to form z-direction conductive TSV 368.
A semiconductor die 370 has an active surface 372 containing analog or digital circuits implemented as active devices, passive devices, conductive layers, and dielectric layers formed within the die and electrically interconnected according to the electrical design and function of the die. For example, the circuit can include one or more transistors, diodes, and other circuit elements formed within active surface 372 to implement analog circuits or digital circuits, such as DSP, CPU, ASIC, memory, or other signal processing circuit. Semiconductor die 370 can also contain IPDs, such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, for RF signal processing. A plurality of contact pads 374 is formed on active surface 372. Semiconductor die 370 is mounted to the back surface of semiconductor die 360 and electrically connected through conductive TSV 368 to bumps 364. Semiconductor die 360 and 370 can be similar size or different size, similar to
Semiconductor die 360 and 370 are mounted to central region 376 of surface 344 of PCB 340, as shown in
The semiconductor die and substrate structure 398 is inverted and mounted to substrate or PCB 340. The back surface of semiconductor die 370, opposite active surface 372, is thermally bonded to surface 388 of PCB 340 with TIM 396, as shown in
The heat generated by semiconductor die 360 and 370 is dissipated through TIM 396 and thermal conduction channels 390 to conductive plane 392 of PCB 340. Conductive plane 392 can be securely mounted to equipment or chassis for further heat distribution. Alternatively, a heat sink can be mounted to conductive plane 392. Conductive plane 392 can also serve as a ground plane for semiconductor die 360 and 370 to the equipment, as well as heat distribution. The semiconductor die and substrate structure 398 can handle high power devices and provide effective heat dissipation with a high I/O count, all in an ultra thin PoP package.
While one or more embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated in detail, the skilled artisan will appreciate that modifications and adaptations to those embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims.
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