A method for using a synchrotron, the method including the steps of: providing a synchrotron designed to accelerate a hadron beam to higher momenta; altering said synchrotron to enable deceleration of hadron beams to lower momenta; and using the synchrotron in said altering step in decelerating a hadron beam to lower momentum.
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0. 56. A method for using a synchrotron, the method comprising:
using the synchrotron to decelerate an antiproton beam to lower momentum;
extracting the decelerated antiproton beam from the synchrotron; and
delivering the extracted antiproton beam into living tissue.
1. A method for using a synchrotron, the method comprising the steps of: providing altering a synchrotron designed to accelerate a hadron beam from initial momentum to higher momenta; altering said synchrotron momentum to enable deceleration of the hadron beams beam to lower momenta momentum than said initial momentum by using a radio-frequency acceleration system to impose momentum reduction on the hadron beam; and using the altered synchrotron in said altering step in decelerating the hadron beam to lower momenta.
0. 63. A method for treating a patient, the method comprising:
creating an antiproton beam at an energy higher than a predetermined irradiation energy level;
decelerating said antiproton beam to the predetermined irradiation energy level, said decelerating using a radio-frequency acceleration system to impose momentum reduction;
exposing at least a portion of the patient body to said antiprotons at the predetermined irradiation energy level;
generating radioisotopes within said body by said exposing; and
providing patient therapy with said radioisotopes.
0. 64. A method for imaging a patient, the method comprising:
creating an antiproton beam at an energy higher than a predetermined irradiation energy level;
decelerating said antiproton beam to the predetermined irradiation energy level, said decelerating using a radio-frequency acceleration system to impose momentum reduction;
exposing at least a portion of the patient body to said antiproton beam at the predetermined irradiation energy level;
generating radioisotopes within said body by said exposing; and
providing patient imaging with said radioisotopes.
0. 61. A method for treating a patient having a plurality of undesirable cells, the method comprising:
creating an antiproton beam at an energy higher than a predetermined therapeutic energy level;
decelerating said antiproton beam to a predetermined, therapeutic energy level, said decelerating using a radio-frequency acceleration system to impose momentum reduction;
exposing at least a portion of the plurality of undesirable cells to said beam;
generating radioisotopes within the plurality of undesirable cells by said exposing; and
monitoring the decay radiation from said radioisotopes.
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0. 57. The method of claim 56, wherein the living tissue comprises cancerous cells.
0. 58. The method of claim 56, wherein nuclei in the living tissue is partially transmuted via antiproton annihilations into radioisotopes.
0. 59. The method of claim 58, wherein the radioisotopes are used in imaging techniques.
0. 60. The method of claim 58, wherein the radioisotopes are used for therapeutic treatment.
0. 62. The method of claim 61, wherein the cells are cancerous.
0. 65. The method of claim 1, wherein the hadron beam at the lower momenta comprises a decelerated antiproton beam, and further including:
extracting the decelerated antiproton beam from the synchrotron; and
delivering the extracted antiproton beam into living tissue.
0. 66. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of using the synchrotron includes creating an antiproton beam at an energy higher than a predetermined therapeutic energy level, and the step of decelerating includes decelerating said antiprotons to a predetermined, therapeutic energy level; and further comprising:
exposing at least a portion of a plurality of undesirable cells to said beam of antiprotons;
generating radioisotopes within the plurality of undesirable cells by said exposing; and
monitoring the decay radiation from said radioisotopes.
0. 67. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of using the synchrotron includes creating an antiproton beam at an energy higher than a predetermined irradiation energy level, and the decelerating includes decelerating said antiproton beam to the predetermined, irradiation energy level; and further comprising:
exposing at least a portion of the patient body to said antiproton beam at the predetermined irradiation energy level;
generating radioisotopes within said body by said exposing; and
providing patient imaging with said radioisotopes.
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FIG. 10, which is incorporated by reference from Ser. No. 60/316,711 filed Aug. 30, 2001, is a dose vs. depth curve for antiproton radiation, x-ray radiation, and proton radiation.FIG. 14 shows ionization tracks for protons in water and heavy ions in water, at a tumor, slowing hear the tumor, and entering the body. FIG. 14 also shows increased lethality to cancer cells and decreased collateral damage.
where
The smallest opening angle we should expect is 16 degrees (5 cm separation at 15 cm from annihilation site). However, the average opening angle will be around 40 degrees (9 cm separation at 15 cm from the annihilation site). The PbWO4 would loose some efficiency in separating the decay gammas as compared to the tungsten shower detector at the higher pion momenta.
It should be clear that a shower detector would be quite massive (>400 lbs for steradians).
Two techniques for localizing the proton-antiproton annihilation site have been examined for the case where the site is at the center of a 30 cm diameter sphere of water. Tracking charged pions beyond the sphere is limited to >1.5 mm precision on the vertex reconstruction due to multiple scattering in traversing the 15 cm of water. Pointing of the shower axis from neutral pion decays is expected to yield a vertex localization precision of <0.5 mm. The shower detection can be done using fast scintillator <<15 ns) allowing a faster response than the charged particle tracking.
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