A multiplexed packetized data stream carrying real-time multimedia programs is received at a first hardware demultiplexer. Based on a user input, a video and timing portion of a program associated with the multiplexed packetized data stream can be stored for subsequent display. One type of subsequent display is time shifted display, where the stored portion of the program is played back while new portions of the program are being stored. During time shifted play back, a second hardware demultiplexer can be used, so that one demultiplexer stores new data and maintains a current clock value while the other decodes and displays the stored data.
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1. A method comprising:
receiving a multiplexed packetized data stream that carries real-time multimedia programs;
during a first time:
storing a first portion of the packetized data stream representing video data and timing data of a program;
setting a system time indicator to a stored system time value before storing the first portion of the packetized data stream, wherein the stored system time value is based on a portion of the timing data of the first portion of the packetized data stream; and
during a second time:
incrementing the system time indicator;
retrieving the video data of the first portion of the packetized data stream for video decoding; and
storing a second portion of the packetized data stream representing video data and timing data of the program.
0. 28. A method comprising:
determining a mode of operation;
during a first mode of operation:
receiving a multiplexed packetized data stream at a first demultiplexer;
selecting by the first demultiplexer a first program from the multiplexed packetized data stream;
decoding a video portion of the first program for display;
during a second mode of operation:
receiving the multiplexed packetized data stream at the first demultiplexer;
selecting by the first demultiplexer the first program from the multiplexed packetized data stream;
storing the first program;
during a third mode of operation:
receiving the multiplexed packetized data stream at the first demultiplexer;
selecting by the first demultiplexer the first program from the multiplexed packetized data stream;
storing a first program portion of the first program;
providing the first program portion to a second demultiplexer;
selecting by the second demultiplexer a video portion of the first program portion;
decoding the video portion of the first program portion for display; and
storing a second program portion of the first program simultaneous to the step of decoding, wherein the first and second program portions are different portions of the first program.
2. The method of
storing the first portion of the packetized data stream includes the first portion of the packetized data stream representing audio data of the program;
storing the second portion of the packetized data stream includes the second portion of the packetized data stream representing audio data of the program;
the method further including:
during the second time:
accessing the audio data of the first portion of the packetized data stream for audio playback.
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
determining transport stream packets containing data associated with the program; and
storing the transport stream packets containing data associated with the program after the step of determining.
6. The method of
7. The method of
determining transport stream packets containing data associated with the program; and
storing PES packets based upon the transport stream packets containing data associated with the program after the step of determining.
8. The method of
9. The method of
10. The method of
decoding the video data of the first portion to provide a decoded video stream.
11. The method of
12. The method of
providing the decoded video stream for display at a play back rate.
14. The method of
15. The method of
16. The method of
0. 18. A method comprising:
determining a mode of operation;
during a first mode of operation:
receiving a multiplexed packetized data stream at a first demultiplexer;
selecting a first program from the multiplexed packetized data stream;
decoding a video portion of the first program for display;
during a second mode of operation:
receiving the multiplexed packetized data stream at the first demultiplexer;
selecting the first program from the multiplexed packetized data stream;
storing the first program;
during a third mode of operation:
receiving the multiplexed packetized data stream at the first demultiplexer;
selecting the first program from the multiplexed packetized data stream;
storing a first program portion of the first program;
providing the first program portion to a second demultiplexer;
selecting at the second demultiplexer a video portion of the first program portion;
decoding the video portion of the first program portion for display; and
storing a second program portion of the first program simultaneous to the step of decoding.
19. The method of claim 18, 28 further comprising:
during the third mode of operation:
providing the second program portion to a the second demultiplexer;
selecting at by the second demultiplexer a video portion of the second program portion; and
decoding the video portion of the second program portion for display.
20. The method of claim 18 28 further comprising:
during the third mode of operation:
incrementing a counter associated with the second demultiplexer based upon a signal generated using a live feed of the multiplexed packetized data stream as it is received at the first demultiplexer.
0. 21. A system comprising:
a first input node to receive a multiplexed packetized data stream that carries real-time multimedia programs;
a first transport stream demultiplexer having an input coupled to the first input node to select packets of data having a predefined packet identifier and an output to provide the select packets of data;
a storage device having a data port coupled to the output of the first transport stream demultiplexer to receive the select packets, wherein the storage device is to store the select packets;
a first clock recovery module having an input coupled to the first input node, and an output, wherein the first clock recovery module is to generate a clock at the output based upon received timing information transmitted in packets of the multiplexed packetized data stream before the select packets are stored in the storage device; and
a decoder having a first input coupled to the output of the first clock recovery module to receive the clock, a second input coupled the data port of the storage device to receive the select packets, and an output to provide decoded real-time data.
0. 22. The system of
0. 23. The system of
0. 24. The system of
0. 25. The system of
0. 26. The system of
a second transport stream demultiplexer having an input coupled to the data port of the storage device.
0. 27. The system of
a second clock recovery module having an input coupled to the data port of the storage device to allow STC setting based on a stored system time.
0. 29. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
during the third mode of operation:
retrieving the first program portion from storage prior to providing the second program portion to the second demultiplexer.
0. 30. The method of claim 28, wherein a presentation time stamp of the first program portion is different than a presentation time stamp of the second program portion.
0. 31. The method claim 28, wherein the first demultiplexer is a hardware demultiplexer.
0. 32. The method of claim 28, wherein the second demultiplexer is a hardware demultiplexer.
0. 33. The method of claim 28, wherein the multiplexed packetized data stream includes a plurality of real-time multimedia programs.
0. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the first program is selected from the plurality of real-time multimedia programs.
0. 35. The method of claim 28, wherein the third mode of operation is triggered based on a user input.
0. 36. The method of claim 28, further comprising:
during the third mode of operation:
generating a clock, at a clock recovery module, based upon timing information transmitted in the multiplexed packetized data stream.
0. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein the clock is generated at the clock recovery module prior to storing the first program portion.
0. 38. The method of claim 37, further comprising determining a playback rate for the first program portion based upon the generated clock.
0. 39. The method of claim 38, wherein decoding the video portion of the first program includes:
decoding, at the playback rate, the video portion of the first program portion for display.
0. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the playback rate is a real time rate.
0. 41. The method of claim 39, wherein the playback rate is faster than a real time rate.
0. 42. The method of claim 37, further comprising determining a playback rate for the first program portion based upon a rate at which the first program portion is provided to a decoder during decoding of the video portion of the first program.
0. 43. The method of claim 36, wherein the timing information includes synchronization information used for playing the first program back at a real time rate.
0. 44. The method of claim 28, further comprising:
during the third mode of operation:
retrieving the first program portion from storage prior to providing the first program portion to the second demultiplexer.
0. 45. The method of claim 28, wherein storing the first program portion during the third mode of operation further comprises:
storing audio data of the first program portion.
0. 46. The method of claim 45, further comprising:
during the third mode of operation:
accessing, when the first program portion is decoded for display, the audio data for audio playback.
0. 47. The method of claim 28, wherein, during all three modes of operation, selecting the first program from the multiplexed packetized data stream comprises performing parsing and extraction operations to select the first program.
0. 48. The method of claim 28, wherein, during all three modes of operation, selecting the first program from the multiplexed packetized data stream comprises identifying packet identifiers.
0. 49. The method of claim 28, wherein, during the third mode of operation, decoding comprises decoding at either a normal playback rate or a faster than normal rate.
0. 50. The method of claim 49, wherein the faster than normal rate comprises a user defined fast forward speed.
0. 51. The method of claim 28, wherein, during the first mode of operation, the multiplexed packetized data stream is not stored.
0. 52. The method of claim 28, wherein, during the third mode of operation, each storing step comprises storing full stream packets.
0. 53. The method of claim 28 wherein, during the third mode of operation, the decoding comprises restoring time base information from the retrieved first program portion.
0. 54. The method claim 28 wherein, during the second mode of operation, the storing comprises storing the first program portion in large blocks.
0. 55. The method of claim 28 wherein, during the first and third modes of operation, decoding the video portion of the first program for display comprises decoding video packets and further comprises decoding audio packets.
0. 56. The method of claim 28 wherein, during the first and third modes of operation, decoding the video portion of the first program for display further comprises monitoring for real-time events.
0. 57. The method of claim 28, further comprising, during the third mode of operation, displaying the decoded video portion of the first program portion simultaneous to the step of storing the second program portion of the first program.
0. 58. The method of claim 28, wherein storing the first program portion includes storing transport stream packets.
0. 59. The method of claim 28, wherein storing the first program portion includes storing packetized elementary stream (PES) packets.
0. 60. The method of claim 28, wherein the first demultiplexer is a transport stream demultiplexer.
0. 61. The method of claim 28, wherein the third mode is a part-time time-shifting mode.
0. 62. The method of claim 28, wherein each mode of operation is performed using a television equipped with a digital television application.
0. 63. The method of claim 28, wherein each mode of operation is performed using a computer equipped with a digital television application.
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The present invention relates generally to time shifting of video data, and more specifically to time shifting of digital video data.
Systems for time shifting a viewed program are known in the industry. For example, if a viewer is interrupted by a phone call during a television program, the program can be recorded for a few minutes and then played back from the point of interruption while addition video information is continually recorded. One prior art method of accomplishing time shifting is to capture the rendered video signal. When the rendered signal is an analog signal it is digitized and stored. When the rendered signal is a digital signal it can be captured directly. Once captured, the rendered digital data can be stored directly. A digital signal stored directly can require a large amount of storage space, even when only a few minutes of video are captured. The digital signal can be compressed to reduce the amount of storage space required. However, compressing a video signal requires additional processing power, resulting in additional costs.
As the use of digital video data becomes increasingly common, a method and apparatus for time shifting a digital program that is more efficient than those known in art would be advantageous. One known method to provide digital video data is to provide the data using a specific protocol that has the ability to transmit the digital video data in a compressed format. An example of one such format is known as MPEG-2, and has been approved by the International Organization for Standards (ISO) Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG group). MPEG-2 is a versatile communication standard that gives theoretical explanations needed to implement an MPEG-2 decoder through the syntax and semantics of coded bit-streams. MPEG-2 is an open standard and continues to evolve and be applied to a wide variety of applications ranging from video conferencing to High Definition Television (HDTV). The MPEG-2 standard, as a generic and open standard, is intended for variety of audio/video coding applications.
One method of transporting large amounts of various types of transport stream data is to use a multiplexed packetized data stream capable of carrying real-time multimedia programs. One example of a multiplexed packetized data stream is described in the standard ISO/IEC 13818-1 and will be referred to as a transport stream. Transport streams generally offer robustness for noisy channels and can carry multiple programs (like multiple TV services) within the same multiplex. The transport stream is based on 188 byte long packets that are well suited for hardware error correction and processing schemes needed in noisy environments, such as coaxial cable television networks and satellite transponders. Such a transport stream facilitates fast program access, channel hopping and synchronization between multiple programs within the transport stream.
A transport stream consists of fixed length packets based on 4 bytes of header followed by 184 bytes of data payload, where data payload is obtained by partitioning larger data blocks. For example, an elementary stream (ES) is a set of data generally consisting of compressed data from a single source, such as a video or audio source, with some additional ancillary data for identification, characterization and synchronization. ES streams are first packetized into either constant length or variable length Packetized Elementary Stream packets (PES packets) consisting of header and payload. Each PES packet header starts with start code (ox000001) followed with the stream id byte identifying type of ES underneath.
PES packets from various elementary streams are merged together to form a program (service) with its own system time clock (STC). All ES component streams within one program are synchronized have periodic PTS stamps corresponding to the STC counter to indicate the proper timing for each ES.
The relatively long and most often variable length PES packets are further packetized into shorter TS packets having a constant size of 188 bytes. A small and constant TS packet size makes error recovery easier and faster. Usually, the transport stream carries several programs, each with its own STC. Each TS packet consists of a TS Packet header with optional Adaptation Field followed by useful data payload containing portion of a PES packet. The TS header consists of a sync byte, flags, indicators information for error detection and timing and Packet_ID (PID) field used to identify elementary stream carried underneath of a PES packet. In addition to identifying specific elementary streams, one PID is used to identify a program specific Information (PSI) table data.
Each TS PSI table is sent in sections, usually occupying one or more TS packets. Four types of PSI tables exist: 1) Program Association Table (PAT) listing unique program_number (as an identifier of each program in one multiplex) and PID of the PMT table; 2) Program Map Table (PMT) listing PIDs of all component streams making a given program. PMT may be constructed for each program separately or be common for a group of programs; 3) Conditional Access Table (CAT) identifying PID of Entitlement Management Messages and ID of used conditional access system if any scrambling of TS or PES packets is done; 4) Private Table carrying Network Information Table (NIT) or private data.
The Hierarchical structure which exists between ES streams, PES and TP packets is illustrated in prior art
A method and apparatus for efficient time shifting of multiplexed packetized data streams, such as a packet stream, would be advantageous.
Embodiments of the invention include a system comprising a first input node to receive a multiplexed packetized data stream that carries realtime multimedia programs; a first transport stream demultiplexer that has an input coupled to the first input node to select packets of data having a predefined packet identifier and an output to provide the select packets of data; a storage device having a data port coupled to the output of the first transport stream demultiplexer to receive the select packets, wherein the storage device is to store the select packets; a first clock recovery module having an input coupled to the first input node, and an output, wherein the clock recovery module is to generate a clock at the output based upon received timing information transmitted in packets of the multiplexed packetized data stream before it is stored in the storage device; and a decoder having a first input coupled to the output of the first clock recovery system to receive the clock, a second input coupled the data port of the storage device to receive the select packets, and an output to provide decoded real-time data.
FIG. 7 illustrates in flowchart form a specific embodiment of a clock recovery algorithm to generate a clock, in accordance with the present invention. Algorithm 700 begins with step 710, in which a multiplexed packetized data stream is received at Master DTSR 610. In step 720, PCR PIDs are parsed to provide a PCR value. In step 730, the STC counter of Master DTSR 610 is initialized to the PCR value. In step 740, as a stable clock source, use STC to measure elapsed time between two PCR samples.
In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. For example, the specific time-shifting implementation has been described as with reference to a specific transport stream demultiplexer, and described in a previous applications which have been incorporated by reference. Different transport stream demultiplexers and method of implementing specific aspects of the present invention can be used as well. Likewise, specific partitions between hardware and software implementions have been described, which can vary depending upon the implemented demultiplexer. For example, the video stream parser can be designed to support routing the parsed video data to a circular buffer that is accessible by the system memory controller. Accordingly, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of present invention. In the claims, means-plus-function clause(s), if any, cover the structures described herein that perform the recited function(s). The mean-plus-function clause(s) also cover structural equivalents and equivalent structures that perform the recited function(s). Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or element of any or all the claims.
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