A planting unit for a seeding machine having a seed meter with a metering member that moves seed sequentially along a first path to a release position at which the seed is moving in a first direction and a delivery system adapted to take seed from the metering member at the release position and control movement of the seed from the seed meter to a discharge location adjacent a seed furrow formed in soil beneath the seeding machine. The delivery system, at the release position, moves seed in a second direction along a second path. A blocking member located adjacent the first path immediately preceding the release position prevents movement of the seed in the second direction until the seed has passed the blocking member.
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1. A seed delivery apparatus for transferring seed to a furrow, the seed delivery apparatus secured to a seeding machine, the seed delivery apparatus comprising:
a housing having a first opening through which seed is received and a second opening through which seed exits;
an endless member positioned within the housing; and
a drive member operably configured to control the movement of the endless member in cooperation with movement of the seeding machine,
wherein the seeding machine is operable in a seeding direction at a first seeding speed and at a second seeding speed, and wherein the drive member is configured to discharge seed with a directional component equal and opposite to the seeding direction and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the first seeding speed in a first mode and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the second seeding speed in a second mode.
7. A seed delivery apparatus for transferring seed to a furrow, the seed delivery apparatus secured to a seeding machine, the seed delivery apparatus comprising:
a housing having a first opening through which seed is received and a second opening through which seed exits;
an endless member positioned within the housing; and
a drive member operably configured to control a discharge of seed from the second opening in cooperation with movement of the seeding machine,
wherein the seeding machine is operable in a seeding direction at a first seeding speed and at a second seeding speed, and wherein the drive member is configured to discharge seed with a directional component equal and opposite to the seeding direction and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the first seeding speed in a first mode and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the second seeding speed in a second mode.
0. 23. A seed delivery apparatus for transferring seed to a furrow, the seed delivery apparatus secured to a seeding machine, the seed delivery apparatus comprising:
a housing having a first opening through which seed is received and a second opening through which seed exits;
an endless member positioned within the housing; and
a drive member operably configured to control the movement of the endless member in cooperation with movement of the seeding machine,
wherein the seeding machine is operable in a seeding direction at a first seeding speed and at a second seeding speed, and wherein the drive member is configured to drive the endless member to discharge seeds from the seed delivery apparatus with a directional component equal and opposite to the seeding direction and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the first seeding speed in a first mode and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the second seeding speed in a second mode.
0. 29. A seed delivery apparatus for transferring seed to a furrow, the seed delivery apparatus secured to a seeding machine, the seed delivery apparatus comprising:
a housing having a first opening through which seed is received and a second opening through which seed exits;
an endless member positioned within the housing; and
a drive member operably configured to control a discharge of seed from the second opening in cooperation with movement of the seeding machine,
wherein the seeding machine is operable in a seeding direction at a first seeding speed and at a second seeding speed, and wherein the drive member is configured to drive the endless member to discharge seeds from the seed delivery apparatus with a directional component equal and opposite to the seeding direction and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the first seeding speed in a first mode and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the second seeding speed in a second mode.
0. 35. A method of transferring seed to a furrow with a seed delivery apparatus secured to a seeding machine, the method comprising:
receiving a seed into a housing through a first opening;
controlling a drive member configured to drive an endless member positioned within the housing in cooperation with movement of the seeding machine;
conveying the seed from the first opening to a second opening; and
discharging the seed through the second opening directly to the furrow,
wherein the seeding machine is operable in a seeding direction and at a first seeding speed and at a second seeding speed, and wherein discharging the seed through the second opening means discharging the seed from the seed delivery apparatus with the drive member and with a directional component equal and opposite to the seeding direction and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the first seeding speed in a first mode and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the second seeding speed in a second mode.
13. A method of transferring seed to a furrow with a seed delivery apparatus secured to a seeding machine, the method comprising:
receiving a seed into a housing through a first opening;
controlling movement of the seed within the housing in cooperation with movement of the seeding machine;
conveying the seed from the first opening to a second opening; and
discharging the seed through the second opening directly to the furrow,
wherein the seeding machine is operable in a seeding direction and at a seeding speed, and wherein discharging the seed through the second opening means discharging the seed with a directional component equal and opposite to the seeding direction and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the seeding speed
wherein the seeding machine is operable in the seeding direction and at a first seeding speed and at a second seeding speed, and wherein discharging the seed through the second opening means discharging the seed with a directional component equal and opposite to the seeding direction and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the first seeding speed in a first mode and at a speed in the directional component approximately equal to the second seeding speed in a second mode.
2. The seed delivery apparatus of
3. The seed delivery apparatus of
4. The seed delivery apparatus of
0. 5. The seed delivery apparatus of
6. The seed delivery apparatus of
8. The seed delivery apparatus of
9. The seed delivery apparatus of
10. The seed delivery apparatus of
11. The seed delivery apparatus of
0. 12. The seed delivery apparatus of
14. The method of
15. The method of
16. The method of
17. The method of
0. 18. The method of
19. The method of
20. The method of
21. The method of
22. The method of
0. 24. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 23, wherein the drive member is operable at a first speed and at a second speed different than the first speed.
0. 25. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 23, wherein the drive member is a variable speed drive member.
0. 26. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 23, wherein the drive member is configured to discharge the seed with a first seed spacing in the furrow during the first mode and is further configured to discharge the seed with a second seed spacing in the furrow during the second mode, wherein the second seed spacing approximately equals the first seed spacing.
0. 27. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 23, wherein the drive member is operable at a speed proportional to movement of the seeding machine.
0. 28. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 23, wherein the furrow is formed into a soil through a soil surface, and wherein the second opening is below the soil surface.
0. 30. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 29, wherein the drive member is operable at a first speed and at a second speed different than the first speed.
0. 31. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 29, wherein the drive member is a variable speed drive member.
0. 32. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 29, wherein the drive member is configured to discharge the seed with a first seed spacing in the furrow during the first mode and is further configured to discharge the seed with a second seed spacing in the furrow during the second mode, wherein the second seed spacing approximately equals the first seed spacing.
0. 33. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 29, wherein the drive member is operable at a speed proportional to movement of the seeding machine.
0. 34. The seed delivery apparatus of claim 29, wherein the furrow is formed into a soil through a soil surface, and wherein the second opening is below the soil surface.
0. 36. The method of claim 35, wherein controlling the drive member means controlling the drive member at a first speed and controlling the drive member at a second speed different than the first speed.
0. 37. The method of claim 35, wherein controlling the drive member means controlling a variable speed drive member configured to drive the endless member.
0. 38. The method of claim 35, wherein discharging the seed through the second opening means discharging the seed such that a seed spacing in the furrow during the first mode is equal to a seed spacing in the furrow during the second mode.
0. 39. The method of claim 35, wherein the furrow is formed into a soil through a soil surface, and wherein discharging the seed through the second opening directly to the furrow means discharging the seed through the second opening below the soil surface.
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This application is a reissue of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/215,182, filed Mar. 17, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,510,502, which is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/072,175, filed Mar. 25, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,671,856, which is a Continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/363,968, filed Feb. 2, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,918,168.
The following relates to a planting unit for a seeding machine and more particularly to a planting unit having a seed meter and seed delivery system.
Various types of seed meters have been developed that use an air pressure differential, either vacuum or positive pressure, to adhere seed to a metering member. The metering member takes seed from a seed pool and sequentially discharges single seeds. (In some cases, multiple seeds may be discharged at a time.) One common type of seed meter is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,170,909. There, a seed disk 48 contained in a housing is used to meter the seed. The seed pool is positioned on one side of the disk at a lower portion thereof while vacuum is applied to the opposite side of the disk. As the disk is rotated, individual seeds from the seed pool are adhered by the vacuum to apertures that extend though the disk. When the seed reaches a desired release position, the vacuum is terminated, allowing the seed to drop from the disk, through a seed tube to a furrow formed in the soil below.
Flexible belts have also been used in an air pressure differential seed meter. One example is shown in US patent application 2010/0192818 A1. There, a flexible belt having an array of apertures therein is movable along a path in a housing. A seed pool is formed on one side of the belt. Vacuum applied on the opposite side of the belt along a portion of the belt path adheres seed to the apertures, allowing the belt to move the seed to a release position where the vacuum is cut-off. The seed then falls or is removed from the belt.
When seed falls by gravity from the meter through the seed tube, it can be difficult to maintain accurate and consistent seed spacing at planting speeds greater than about 8 kph (5 mph). To maintain spacing accuracy, a seed delivery system that controls the seed as the seed moves from the seed meter to the soil is desirable. One such delivery system is shown in U.S. patent application 2010/0192819-A1. With such a delivery system, the hand-off of seed from the disk of U.S. Pat. No. 5,170,909 to the delivery system is difficult to achieve In a consistent manner. While the hand-off of seed may be improved with the use of a belt meter, there is still a need for a more consistent and reliable hand-of seed from the seed meter to the delivery system.
A planting unit for a seeding machine is provided having a seed meter with a metering member that moves seed sequentially along a first path to a release position at which the seed is moving in a first direction and a delivery system adapted to take seed from the metering member at the release position and control movement of the seed from the seed meter to a discharge location adjacent a seed furrow formed in soil beneath the seeding machine. The delivery system, at the release position, moves seed in a second direction along a second path. A blocking member or guide located adjacent the first path immediately preceding the release position prevents movement of the seed in the second direction until the seed has passed the blocking member.
An agricultural seeding machine 10 is shown in
The meter 24 includes a housing 30 (
The housing 30 is formed with a second hinge element in the form of a pivot pin 46 (
The delivery system 400 is driven by an electric motor 80, also carried by the mounting frame 50. The output shaft of motor 80 is connected to the delivery system through a right-angle drive 82. While electric motors have been shown to drive both the seed meter and the seed delivery system, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of motors, such as hydraulic, pneumatic, etc. can be used as well as various types of mechanical drive systems.
With reference to
The base portion 102 of the metering member contains a central drive aperture 130 (
With reference to
As previously mentioned, the metering member 100 can be mounted to a drive hub through the central drive aperture 130 in the base portion 102. Mounting through the central drive aperture 130 provides both mounting support of the metering member as well as the rotational drive of the metering member. Alternatively, support for the metering member can be provided on the outer surface of the sidewall. A groove may be formed in the outer surface of the sidewall to receive rollers that support the metering member. If the groove is also formed with drive teeth, one of the rollers could be driven by a motor to rotate the metering member. With such alternative arrangements possible, it is not necessary that the metering member have a base portion. The function of metering seed is performed by the sidewall and thus, the sidewall is the only required portion of the metering member.
As shown in
The seed pool 120 is formed at the bottom of the metering member 100 as shown in
Delivery system 400 includes a housing 402 having a left sidewall 404 (see
As shown at the top of
Prior to release of the seed from the metering member, the seed is moving in the direction of vector 160 which is slightly downward into the bristles 428. With reference to
The relationship between the seed direction vector 160 on the metering member and the seed direction vector 438 when the seed is first in the brush belt is shown in
To further ensure consistent release of seed from the metering member and hand-off to the delivery system, an ejector 166, carried by the cover 34 rides on the outer surface of the metering member rim portion. See
Turning attention once again to
With reference to
At the upper end of the metering member, at the release position 164, the inner surface 108 has an angle f to a downward vertical vector 128 in the range of 50° to 90° with the closer to 90° being the better for hand-off of seed from the metering member to the brush belt. As shown, the angle f is approximately 68°. The different orientations of the inner surface 108 relative to vertical at the seed trough and at the release position is accomplished with a metering member that is rigid. Such variation is not possible with the flat disk metering member shown in
As described above, seed is adhered to the apertures 114 in the metering member due to the vacuum applied to the outer surface of the metering member creating a pressure differential on opposite sides of the metering member. As an alternative to vacuum on the outer side of the metering member, the pressure differential can be created by a positive pressure between the housing 30 and the metering member 100. Such a system would require seals between the metering member 100 and the housing 30 to create a positive pressure chamber. In a positive pressure arrangement, the cover 34 only serves as a cover for the rotating metering member.
It is possible that more than one seed will be adhered to a given aperture 114. To prevent more than one seed at a time from being transferred to the brush belt, a pair of doubles eliminators or singulators are attached to the housing 30 along the path of seed from the seed pool to the release position 164. The singulators are in the form of brushes 330 and 332 (
Returning again to
The lower opening 418 of the delivery system housing is positioned as close to the bottom 446 of the seed trench or furrow 448 as possible. As shown, the lower opening 418 is near or below the soil surface 432 adjacent the seed furrow. The bottom of the delivery system should be no more than one or two inches, (2.5-5 cm) above the soil surface 432. If possible, the lower end of the delivery system should be below the soil surface 432. The housing edge wall 410 forms an exit ramp 434 at the lower opening 418. The lower opening 418 and the ramp 434 are positioned along the curve in the belt path around the pulley 422. The seed, being carried by the bristle's distal ends, increases in linear speed around the pulley 422 as the distal ends of the bristles travel a greater distance around the pulley 422 than does the base member 426 of the belt. This speed difference is shown by the two arrows 440 and 442.
At discharge, the seed has a velocity shown by the vector V. This velocity has a vertical component VV and a horizontal component VH. The belt is operated at a speed to produce a horizontal velocity component VH that is approximately equal to, but in the opposite direction of, the seeding machine forward velocity shown by arrow 408. As a result, the horizontal velocity of the seed relative to the ground is zero or approximately zero. This minimizes rolling of the seed in the seed trench.
Seed can be inserted into the brush bristles at essentially an infinite number of positions. This enables the brush to be operated at the speed necessary to produce the desired horizontal velocity component to the seed, independent of the seed population. The seed meter, on the other hand, must be operated at a speed that is a function of both the forward travel speed of the seeding machine and the desired seed population. Because the belt 424 can be loaded with seed at essentially an infinite number of positions, the belt speed can be operated independently of the seed meter speed. This is not the case with other seed delivery systems, such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,681,706 where the delivery system of
While it is desirable to match the seed rearward velocity to the seeding machine forward velocity to minimize seed relative velocity to the soil, with some seed types, it may be necessary to operate the brush belt at a different speed to ensure the seed is discharged from the brush bristles.
The interior of the lower portion of delivery system housing is shown in
Different metering members may be used for different seed types. The metering member 100 is intended for soybeans and other crops planted with a fairly close seed spacing. Corn, which is planted at a greater seed spacing uses a metering member 200 shown in
The blocking member or guide is shown in another arrangement of the seed meter and delivery system described in connection with FIGS. 22-31 from the parent application, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/363,968, filed Feb. 2, 2009. with reference to
The seed meter 1200 has a frame member 1220 in the form of a plate which is mounted to the row unit frame in a suitable manner. The frame member 1220 supports the upper idler pulley 1256 and the lower drive pulley 1260 about which the belt 1250 is wrapped. A gearbox and drive motor (not shown) are coupled to the shaft 264 to drive the pulley 1260 and belt counterclockwise as viewed in
The belt 1250 has an outer seed engaging face or side 11251. The belt 1250 includes a row of first apertures 11252 which overlie the slot 1270 in the manifold 1262. The apertures 11252 to extend through the belt, allowing air to flow through the belt. The belt further has a plurality of features 11254 formed as ribs extending from the seed face 1251. The features 1254 each for a confronting face 1255 shown in
A housing 1276 is attached to the frame member 1220 and closely positioned to the belt 1250. A portion 1277 of the housing 1276 overlies the flat edge zone 1257 of the belt. The housing 1276, the belt 1250, and a cover 1278 (shown in
The belt 1250 and housing 1276 form a V-shaped trough for the seed pool that extends uphill in the direction of belt travel. The confronting faces 1255 formed by the features 1254 of the belt engage the seed in the pool to agitate the seed creating a circular flow of seed as shown by the broken line 1284 of
The idler pulley 1256 is supported by a bearing set 1285 on a tube 1286 (
The housing cover 1278 mounts to the manifold and covers the open side of the housing 1276 as shown in
In operation, as the belt rotates, the confronting face 1255 engage and agitate seed in the seed pool at the bottom of the housing 1276. Seed from the seed pool will be adhered to the belt at each aperture 1252 due to the vacuum applied to the apertures from the interior of the manifold 1262 or by positive air pressure on the seed side of the belt. By virtue of the main slot 1270, the seeds will continue to be retained on the belt as the belt travels from the seed pick-up region 1206 to the idler pulley 1256. Due to the groove in the idler pulley, the vacuum is maintained on the apertures as the belt travels around the pulley until the seed and the aperture reaches the tine 1306 of the fork 1304. Upon reaching the tine 1306, the vacuum is terminated and the seed is released from the belt 1250. Alternatively, the seed can be mechanically removed from the belt or removed by a combination of vacuum termination and mechanical removal or the seeds can be removed mechanically while the vacuum is still applied.
The second row of apertures 1258 will also operate to retain a seed therein while the aperture 1258 travels over the shorter slot 1272. By picking up seed, the apertures 1258 act to further agitate the seed pool. In addition, when the apertures 1258 reach the downstream end 273 of the secondary slot 1272, the seed is released from the belt. The release location from the aperture 1258 causes the seed to pass over one of the apertures 1252 as the seed falls. If the aperture 1252 failed to pick-up a seed and is empty, the falling seed may be retained thereon. If the aperture 1252 is not empty, but instead picked-up multiple seeds, the falling seed may collide with the multiple seeds and assist in removing one or more of the multiple seeds. In this fashion, the falling seed operates to avoid errors in terms either no seed or multiple seeds on an aperture 1252.
At the seed release position 1208, the seed is transferred from the metering belt 1252 to the seed delivery system 1210. The seed delivery system 1210 includes an endless member also wrapped around pulleys and contained within a housing 1322. The housing has an upper opening 1324 through which seed is admitted into the delivery system. The endless member is shown in the form of a brush belt 1312 having bristles 1314 that sweep across the face 1251 of the belt 1250 to remove the seed therefrom. At the seed release position 1208, a transition plate 1316 is positioned adjacent the belt 1250. The transition plate has a curved first edge 1318 abutting the edge of the belt as the belt travels around the idler pulley. The brush belt bristles will engage a seed in the aperture 1252A at the location shown in
The guide 1325 and blocking member 162 ensure seed entry into the brush belt in a consistent manner and in the same location across the width of the brush belt. This consistent hand-off of seed from the seed meter to the seed delivery system helps to improve placement accuracy of the seed in the furrow in the soil.
Having described the seed meter and delivery system, it will become apparent that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the accompanying claims.
Garner, Elijah B., Mariman, Nathan A., Friestad, Michael E.
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