[Problem]
To provide a compound which is useful as an active ingredient for a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating urine storage dysfunction, voiding dysfunction, lower urinary tract dysfunction, and the like.
[Means for Solution]
The present inventors have found that a thiazole derivative substituted with pyrazinylcarbonylamino at the 2-position is an excellent muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator and is expected as an agent for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, thereby completing the present invention. 2-Acylaminothiazole derivative or a salt thereof of the present invention is expected as an agent for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, for example voiding dysfunction such as underactive bladder.
|
0. 23. A method for treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic m3 receptor voiding dysfunction or urine storage
dysfunction in underactive bladder, hypotonic bladder, acontractile bladder, detrusor underactivity, or neurogenic bladder comprising administering the composition of claim 21.
##STR00438##
wherein
R1 is —N(—R12)(—R12) —N(—R11)(—R12), or optionally-substituted cyclic amino,
R11 is C1-6 alkyl,
R12 is optionally-substituted C1-6 alkyl, or optionally-substituted C3-8 cycloalkyl,
R2 is optionally-substituted aryl, optionally-substituted monocyclic aromatic hetero ring, or optionally-substituted bicyclic aromatic hetero ring,
each R3 if present is, independently, C1-6 alkyl,
W is C1-6 alkylene, and
n is an integer of 0 to 4.
2. The compound or salt thereof according to
R1 is cyclic amino optionally substituted with 1 to 5 of a substituent G and/or an oxo substituent, or R3 is —N(—R11)(—R12),
R11 is C1-6 alkyl
R12 is C1-6 alkyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of
—OH,
O—C1-6 alkyl optionally substituted with at least one group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O—(C1-6 alky), —CN, —SO2—(C1-6 alkyl), and halogen,
C3-8 cycloalkyl,
O—(C3-8 cycloalkyl),
halogen,
—CN, and
a saturated hetero ring,
R2 is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 5 substituents G, thienyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents G, pyridyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents G, or benzothienyl optionally substituted with 1 to 5 substituents G, and
each substituent G is a sustituent selected from the group consisting of:
C1-6 alkyl optionally substituted with at least one group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —CN, —SO2—(C1-6 alkyl), and halogen,
—OH,
—O—C1-6 alkyl optionally substituted with at least one group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —CN, —SO2—(C1-6 alkyl), and halogen,
C3-8 cycloalkyl,
—O—(C3-8 cycloalkyl),
halogen,
—CN,
—SO2—(C1-6 alkyl),
—CO2—(C1-6 alkyl),
—COOH,
—CO—N(C1-6 alkyl)2,
—CO—NH(C1-6 alkyl),
—CONH2,
—CO—(C1-6 alkyl),
—SO2—N(C1-6 alkyl)2,
—SO2—NH(C1-6 alkyl),
—SO2NH2,
—N(C1-6 alkyl)2,
—NH(C1-6 alkykl),
—NH2,
a saturated hetero ring, and
—O-saturated hetero ring.
3. The compound or a salt thereof according to
R1 is pyrrolidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl, each substituted with 1 to 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl and haogeno-C1-6 alkyl, or wherein R1 is —N(—R11)(—R12),
R11 is C1-6 alkyl, and
R12 is C1-6 alkyl optionally substituted with one group selected from the group consisting of C3-8 cycloalkyl and —O—(C1-6 alkyl),
R2
phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —O-(halogeno-C1-6 alkyl), halogen, C3-8 cycloalkyl, and —CN;
thienyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen;
pyridyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C3-8 alkyl), C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen; or
benzothienyl,
W is C1-6 alkylene, and
n is 0 or 1.
4. The compound or a salt thereof according to
R2 is phenyl di-substituted with trifluoromethyl and fluoro, thienyl mono-substituted with trifluoromethyl or chloro, or pyridyl di-substituted with trifluoromethyl and methoxy, and
W is methylene or ethylene.
5. The compound or a salt thereof according to
R1 is pyrrolidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl, each substituted with 1 to 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl and halogeno-C1-6 alkyl,
R2 is thienyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl and halogen, or wherein R2 is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl and halogen, and
W is methylene or ethylene.
6. The compound or a salt thereof according to
3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid,
3-[(3R)-4-{5-[(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid,
[(3R)-4-{5-[(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]acetic acid,
3-(4-{5-[(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}piperazin-1-yl)propanoic acid,
3-[(2R)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-ethylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid,
3-[(3R)-3-methyl-4-{5-[(5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl)}-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}piperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid,
3-(4-{5-[(5-{[(2R,5R)-2,5-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}piperazin-1-yl)propanoic acid, and
3-{(2R)-4-[5-({5-[(diethylamino)methyl]-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}carbamoyl)pyrazin-2-yl]-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl}propanoic acid.
7. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising:
the compound or a salt thereof according to
a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
8. A method for treating a bladder/urinary tract disease associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, the method comprising:
administering, to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of the compound or a salt thereof according to
9. The method according to
10. The compound or a salt thereof according to
11. The compound or a salt thereof according to
12. The compound or a salt thereof according to
13. The compound or a salt thereof according to
14. The compound or a salt thereof according to
15. The compound or a salt thereof according to
16. The compound or a salt thereof according to
17. The compound or a salt thereof according to
0. 18. The compound of claim 1 which is 3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid dimaleate.
0. 19. A crystal polymorph of the compound of claim 18.
0. 20. The crystal polymorph of claim 19 having peaks at 2θ (°) of 5.7, 6.6, 10.5, 12.0, 13.3, 15.8, 16.6, 17.3, 19.0, and 26.2 when measured by powder X-ray diffraction.
0. 21. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the crystal polymorph of claim 20.
0. 22. A method for treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, comprising administering the composition of claim 21.
|
This application is a National Stage entry under 35 USC 371 of PCT/JP2015/066321, filed on Jun. 5, 2015, and claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-118046, filed on Jun. 6, 2014.
The present invention relates to a 2-acylaminothiazole derivative or a salt thereof which is useful as an active ingredient for a pharmaceutical composition, in particular, a pharmaceutical composition for treating bladder/urinary tract diseases related to bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor.
The important roles of the lower urinary tract are urine storage and voiding, which are regulated by a coordinated action of the bladder and the urethra. That is, during urine storage, the bladder smooth muscle is relaxed and the urethral sphincter is contracted, whereby a state in which urethral resistance is high is maintained and urinary continence is maintained. On the other hand, during voiding, the bladder smooth muscle is contracted, the urethra smooth muscle is relaxed, and contraction of the external urethral sphincter is also inhibited. Examples of the lower urinary tract disorder include urine storage dysfunction such as overactive bladder, in which urine cannot be retained during urine storage, and voiding dysfunction, in which urine cannot be drained sufficiently during voiding due to an increase in the urethral resistance or a decrease in the bladder contractile force. These two disorders may develop simultaneously in some cases.
Voiding dysfunction is caused by a decrease in the bladder contractile force or an increase in urethral resistance during voiding, and causes difficulty in voiding, straining during voiding, a weak urine stream, extension of voiding time, an increase in residual urine, a decrease in voiding efficiency, or the like. The decrease in the bladder contractile force during voiding is referred to as underactive bladder, acontractile bladder, or the like. As a factor causing such a decrease in the bladder contractile force during voiding, for example, aging, diabetes mellitus, benign prostatic hyperplasia, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, neurological disorders by pelvic surgery, and the like have been known (Reviews in Urology, 15; pp. 11-22 (2013)).
As a mechanism to cause bladder contraction during voiding, involvement of muscarinic receptor stimulation has been known. That is, during urination, the pelvic nerve which is a parasympathetic nerve governing the bladder is excited to release acetylcholine from nerve terminals. The released acetylcholine binds to a muscarinic receptor present in the bladder smooth muscle to cause contraction of the bladder smooth muscle (Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 112; pp. 121-127 (2010)). The muscarinic receptors are currently classified into five subtypes, M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5, and it has been known that the subtypes involving the contraction in the bladder smooth muscle is mainly M3 (Pharmacological Reviews, 50; pp. 279-290 (1998); The Journal of Neuroscience, 22; pp. 10627-10632 (2002)).
As a therapeutic drug for a decrease in bladder contractile force during voiding, bethanechol chloride which is a non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist and distigmine bromide which is a cholinesterase inhibitor have been known. However, it has been known that these drugs have cholinergic side effects such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and perspiration. In addition, there may be cases where cholinergic crisis is occurred as a serious side effect, which require attention during use (Uhretid (registered trademark), tablet 5 mg, package insert, Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Besacholine (registered trademark) powder 5%, package insert, Eisai Co., Ltd.).
On the other hand, as a cause of an increase in urethral resistance, voiding dysfunction associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia has been well-known, which is characterized in that the urethra is partially occluded by nodular enlargement of the prostatic tissue. Currently, an adrenergic a, receptor antagonist has been used as a therapeutic drug for voiding dysfunction associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (Pharmacology, 65; pp. 119-128 (2002)). On the other hand, the effectiveness of the adrenaline α, receptor antagonist for voiding dysfunction that is not associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia is unclear, as compared with the effectiveness against voiding dysfunction that is associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 112; pp. 121-127 (2010)).
Furthermore, for voiding dysfunction caused by a decrease in bladder contractile force or an increase in urethral resistance, residual urine after voiding may be observed in some cases. The increased residual urine may cause a decrease in effective bladder capacity, and thus cause overactive bladder symptoms such as urinary frequency or severe symptoms such as hydronephrosis in some cases.
There has been a demand for a more effective therapeutic drug for such bladder/urethral diseases due to a decrease in the bladder contractile force or an increase in urethral resistance during voiding, or symptoms thereof (Reviews in Urology, 15; pp. 11-22 (2013)).
Patent Document 1 discloses that a compound represented by the following general formula (A) including a compound of the formula (A1) below, which is disclosed in Example 315, has a Ba/F3 cell proliferative activity through a human c-mycloproliferative leukemia virus type P (c-Mpl), and has thrombocyte increasing activity.
##STR00001##
(in which R3 represents an aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, or the like. For the other symbols, refer to the patent publication).
Patent Document 2 discloses that a compound represented by the following general formula (B) has an AMPK pathway activating action.
##STR00002##
(in which Ring B represents a heteroarylene or the like, J represents —NR13C(O)— or the like, D1, D2 and D3 each represent N, CH, or the like, E represents —NR1R2 or the like, and R1 and R2 may be combined with an adjacent nitrogen atom to form a heterocycloalkyl which may be substituted. For the other symbols, refer to this publication).
Non-Patent Document 1 discloses that a compound represented by the following formula (C1) is an allosteric enhancer of a muscarinic M3 receptor.
##STR00003##
Non-Patent Document 2 discloses that WIN 62,577 represented by the following formula is a rat NK1 receptor antagonist and, at the same time, an allosteric enhancer of a muscarinic receptor.
##STR00004##
The present invention provides a novel compound which is expected as an active ingredient for a pharmaceutical composition, in particular, for a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, which acts as a muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator.
The present inventors have found that a thiazole derivative substituted with pyrazinylcarbonylamino at the 2-position is an excellent muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator and is expected as an agent for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, thereby completing the present invention.
That is, the present invention relates to a compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof and an excipient.
##STR00005##
(wherein
R1 is —N(—R11)(—R12), or cyclic amino which may be substituted,
R11 is C1-6 alkyl,
R12 is C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted, or C3-8 cycloalkyl which may be substituted,
R2 is aryl which may be substituted, monocyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, or bicyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted,
R3's are the same as or different from each other, and are each C1-6 alkyl,
W is C1-6 alkylene, and
n is an integer of 0 to 4).
Further, unless specifically described otherwise, when symbols in one formula in the present specification are also used in other formulae, same symbols denote same meanings.
Further, Patent Document 1 does not disclose a specific compound which is a compound of the formula (A) wherein R3 is pyrazinyl, and neither discloses nor suggests an action on a muscarinic receptor or an action on bladder/urethral diseases.
Furthermore, Patent Document 2 does not disclose a specific compound which is a compound of the formula (B) wherein ring B is thiazole, and neither discloses nor suggests an action on a muscarinic receptor or an action on bladder/urethral diseases.
Further, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, comprising the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an agent for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, comprising the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof.
Moreover, the present invention relates to use of the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases related to bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, use of the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases related to bladder contractions via a measuring M3 receptor, the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases related to bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, and a method for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases related to bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof. Further, the “subject” is a human or a non-human animal in need of the prevention or treatment, and in one embodiment, a human in need of the prevention or treatment.
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof is a muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator, and can thus be used as an agent for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In general, the positive allosteric modulator is a compound which binds to an allosteric site different from a ligand binding site, and has an effect of increasing the affinity of an agonist to a receptor by mainly causing a structural change in a receptor, and thus changing the signal level of agonistic activity. In the living body, the positive allosteric modulator does not exhibit an agonistic effect by itself, and increases the effect of an endogenous agonist. Examples of the advantages of positive allosteric modulator over the agonists include (1) avoiding the side effects since the positive allosteric modulator exhibits an enhancement in the endogenous agonist stimulation dependently, (2) having a possibility of obtaining high subtype selectively since the positive allosteric modulator binds to a site other than a ligand binding site, and (3) less probability of causing desensitization, which can be seen with the agonists (Pharmacological Reviews, 63; pp. 59-126 (2011)).
In the present specification, the muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator means a compound which enhances an effect via the muscarinic M3 receptor by an agonist stimulation-dependent or nerve stimulation-dependent manner. Accordingly, only during voiding, the effect on enhancing bladder contraction is expected and the muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator is possibly useful as an agent for improving various symptoms associated with voiding dysfunction. Further, by such a specific action during voiding, it is expected that it is possible to avoid cholinergic side effects, known to be induced with bethanechol chloride and distigmine bromide. In addition, since the muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator increases bladder contractile force during voiding, an effect in voiding dysfunction which is caused by an increase in urethral resistance can also be expected. A decrease in residual urine by such improvement of voiding dysfunction leads to an increase in the effective bladder capacity, and thus, it can be expected to improve urine storage functions as well as to avoid renal disorder. Thus, the muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator is expected to be useful as an agent for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases related to bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor. The present inventors have newly discovered a compound that acts as the modulator, thereby completing the present invention.
In the present specification, examples of the “bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor” include voiding dysfunction or urine storage dysfunction in underactive bladder, hypotonic bladder, acontractile bladder, detrustor underactivity, neurogenic bladder, urethra relaxation failure, detrustor-external urethral sphincter dyssynergia, overactive bladder, urinary frequency, nocturia, urinary incontinence, benign prostatic hyperplasia, interstitial cystitis, chronic prostatitis, urethral calculus, or the like, preferably, voiding dysfunction or urine storage dysfunction in underactivity bladder, hypotonic bladder, acontractile bladder, detrusor underactivity, and neurogenic bladder.
The “alkyl” is linear alkyl and branched alkyl. Accordingly, the “C1-6 alkyl” is linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, or n-hexyl; in one embodiment, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, or tert-butyl, each of which is C1-4 alkyl; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and isobutyl; and in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl.
The “alkylene” is linear alkylene or branched alkylene. Accordingly, the “C1-6 alkylene” is linear or branched alkylene having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include methylene, ethylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, propylene, methylmethylene, ethylethylene, 1,2-dimethylethylene, or 1,1,2,2-tetramethylethylene; in one embodiment, C1-3 alkylene; in one embodiment, methylene or ethylene; in one embodiment, methylene; and in another embodiment, ethylene.
The “halogeno-C1-6 alkyl” is C1-6 alkyl substituted with at least one halogen atom; in one embodiment, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 1 to 5 halogen atoms; in one embodiment, difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl; and in one embodiment, trifluoromethyl.
The “cycloalkyl” is a saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group. Accordingly, the “C3-8 cycloalkyl” is a saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group having 3 to 8 ring members, and specific examples thereof include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, or cyclooctyl; in one embodiment, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is C3-6 cycloalkyl; and in one embodiment, cyclopropyl.
The “aryl” is a C6-14 monocyclic to tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon cyclic group and includes a partially hydrogenated cyclic group thereof, and specific examples thereof include phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indanyl, or indenyl; and in one embodiment, phenyl.
The “monocyclic aromatic hetero ring” is a monocyclic aromatic hetero ring group having 5 to 7 ring members, which has 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom as a ring-constituting atom, and specific examples thereof include pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, furyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, or azepanyl; in one embodiment, thienyl or pyridyl; and in one embodiment, thienyl.
The “bicyclic aromatic hetero ring” is a bicyclic aromatic hetero ring group in which the monocyclic aromatic hetero ring is fused with a benzene ring or monocyclic aromatic hetero ring and includes a partially hydrogenated ring group thereof, and specific examples thereof include indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, furopyridyl, thienopyridyl, indolinyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydroquinolyl, tetrahydroquinolyl, dihydroisoquinolyl, tetrahydroisoquinolyl, dihydrofuropyridyl, or dihydrothienopyridyl; and in one embodiment, benzothienyl.
The “saturated hetero ring” is a 3- to 8-membered saturated ring group, which has 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom as a ring-constituting atom, and may be bridged with C1-6 alkylene, in which a sulfur atom as the ring-constituting atom may be oxidized. Specific examples thereof include azepanyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, thiazepanyl, aziridinyl, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperazinyl, azocanyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiazolindinyl, isothiazolindinyl, oxazolindinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, oxathioranyl, oxiranyl, oxetanyl, dioxiranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, and 1,4-dioxanyl.
The “cyclic amino” is a 4- to 7-membered group having a bond at a ring-constituting nitrogen atom in the saturated hetero ring. Specific examples thereof include aziridin-1-yl, azetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, azepan-1-yl, azocan-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 1,4-diazepan-1-yl, 1,4-oxazepan-4-yl, or 1,4-thiazepan-4-yl; in one embodiment, pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, azetidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, or piperazin-1-yl, and in one embodiment, pyrrolidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl.
The “halogen” means fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo; in one embodiment, fluoro, chloro, or bromo; in one embodiment, fluoro or chloro; in one embodiment, fluoro; and in another embodiment, chloro.
In the present specification, the expression “which may be substituted” means “which is not substituted” or “which is substituted with 1 to 5 substituents”. Further, if it has a plurality of substituents, the substituents may be the same as or different from each other.
Examples of the acceptable substituent in the “cyclic amino which may be substituted”, the “C3-8 cycloalkyl which may be substituted”, the “aryl which may be substituted”, the “monocyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted”, and the “bicyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted” include substituents in the following Group G.
Group G
(a) C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted with at least one group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —CN, —SO2—(C1-6 alkyl), and halogen,
(b) —OH,
(c) —O—(C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted with at least one group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —CN, —SO2—(C1-6 alkyl), and halogen),
(d) C3-8 cycloalkyl,
(e) —O—(C3-8 cycloalkyl),
(f) halogen,
(g) —CN,
(h) —SO2—(C1-6 alkyl),
(i) —CO2—(C1-6 alkyl) and —COOH,
(j) —CO—N(C1-6 alkyl)2, —CO—NH(C1-6 alkyl), and —CONH2,
(k) —CO—(C1-6 alkyl),
(l) —SO2—N(C1-6 alkyl)2, —SO2—NH(C1-6 alkyl), and —SO2NH2,
(m) —N(C1-6 alkyl)2, —NH(C3-6 alkyl), and —NH2,
(n) a saturated hetero ring, and
(o) —O-saturated hetero ring.
Examples of the substituent in the “cyclic amino which may be substituted” further include oxo (═O).
In addition, the preferable substituents in the “C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted” are the substituents described in (b) to (o) of Group G above.
Examples of the preferable substituents for the “cyclic amino which may be substituted” in R1 include, in one embodiment, the substituents described in (a) to (c), (f), and (g) of Group G above; in one embodiment, C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted with at least one group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —CN, —SO2—(C1-6 alkyl), and halogen; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl and halogeno-C1-6 alkyl; and in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl.
Examples of the preferable substituents for the “C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted” in R12 include, in one embodiment, the substituents described in (b) to (g), and (n) of Group G above; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of C3-8 cycloalkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —O—(C3-8 cycloalkyl), halogen, —CN, and cyclic amino; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of C3-8 cycloalkyl and —O—(C1-6 alkyl); and in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl and methoxy.
Examples of the preferable substituents for the “C3-8 cycloalkyl which may be substituted” in R13 include, in one embodiment, the substituents described in (a) to (c), (f), and (g) of Group G above; and in one embodiment, C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted with —O—(C1-6 alkyl).
Examples of the preferable substituents for the “aryl which may be substituted” in R2 include, in one embodiment, the substituents described in (a) to (d), (f), (g), and (n) of Group G above; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogen-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —O-(halogeno-C1-6 alkyl), halogen, C3-8 cycloalkyl, and —CN; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl and halogen; and in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethyl and fluoro.
Examples of the preferable substituents for the “monocyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted” and “bicyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted” in R2 include, in one embodiment, the substituents described in (a) to (d), (f), (g), and (n) of Group G above; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —O-(halogeno-C1-6 alkyl), halogen, C3-8 cycloalkyl, and —CN; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen; in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), and halogen; and in one embodiment, a group selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethyl, methoxy, and chloro.
One embodiment of the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof is shown below.
(1-1)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R1 is
i. cyclic amino which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from the group consisting of Group G and oxo, or
ii. —N(—R11)(—R12),
R11 is C1-6 alkyl, and
R12 is C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from the substituents described in (b) to (o) of Group G, or C3-8 cycloalkyl which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from Group G.
(1-2)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R1 is
i. cyclic amino which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from the group consisting of Group G and oxo, or
ii. —N(—R11)(—R12),
R11 is C1-6 alkyl, and
R12 is C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from the substituents described in (b) to (g), and (n) of Group G.
(1-3)
The compounds of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R1 is
i. pyrrolidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl, in which pyrrolidin-1-yl and piperidin-1-yl are each substituted with 1 to 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl and halogen-C1-6 alkyl, or
ii. —N(—R11)(—R12), in which
R11 is C1-6 alkyl, and
R12 is C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted with one group selected from the group consisting of C3-8 cycloalkyl and —O—(C1-6 alkyl).
(1-4)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R1 is cyclic amino substituted with 1 to 2 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl and halogen-C1-6 alkyl.
(1-5)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R1 is pyrrolidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl, in which pyrrolidin-1-yl and piperidin-1-yl may be substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from Group G.
(1-6)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R1 is pyrrolidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl, in which pyrrolidin-1-yl and piperidin-1-yl are each substituted with 1 to 2 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl and halogeno-C1-6 alkyl.
(1-7)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R1 is pyrrolidin-1-yl substituted with 1 to 2 groups selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl.
(1-8)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R1 is —N(—R11)(—R12),
R11 is C1-6 alkyl, and
R12 is C1-6 alkyl which may be substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of C3-8 cycloalkyl and —O—(C1-6 alkyl),
(1-9)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R1 is —N(—R11)(—R12),
R11 is methyl, ethyl, or isopropyl, and
R12 is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, cyclopropylmethyl, or methoxyethyl.
(2-1)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R2 is
i. aryl which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from Group G,
ii. monocyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from Group G, or
iii. bicyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from Group G.
(2-2)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R2 is
i. phenyl which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from Group G,
ii. thienyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from Group G
iii. pyridyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from Group G, or
iv. benzothienyl which may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from Group G.
(2-3)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R2 is
i. phenyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —O-(halogeno-C1-6 alkyl), halogen, C3-8 cycloalkyl, and —CN,
ii. thienyl which may each be substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen,
iii. pyridyl which may each be substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen, or
iv. benzothienyl,
(2-4)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R2 is
i. phenyl di-substituted with trifluoromethyl and fluoro,
ii. thienyl mono-substituted with trifluoromethyl or chloro, or
iii. pyridyl di-substituted with trifluormethyl and methoxy.
(2-5)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R2 is a monocyclic aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen.
(2-6)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R2 is
i. thienyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen, or
ii. pyridyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen.
(2-7)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R2 is thienyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogeno-C1-6 alkyl, C3-8 cycloalkyl, and halogen.
(2-8)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R2 is thienyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl and halogen.
(2-9)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R2 is thienyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethyl and chloro.
(2-10)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R2 is thienyl mono-substituted with trifluoromethyl or chloro.
(2-11)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R2 is pyridyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl and —O—(C1-6 alkyl),
(2-12)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R2 is phenyl which may be substituted with 1 to 5 groups selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, halogen-C1-6 alkyl, —O—(C1-6 alkyl), —O-(halogeno-C1-6 alkyl), halogen, C3-8 cycloalkyl, and —CN.
(2-13)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R2 is phenyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl and halogen.
(2-14)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R2 is
i. thienyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl and halogen, or
ii. phenyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogeno-C1-6 alkyl and halogen.
(3-1)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R3's are the same as or different from each other, and are each C1-6 alkyl.
(3-2)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R3 is methyl.
(4-1)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which W is C1-6 alkylene.
(4-2)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which W is C1-3 alkylene.
(4-3)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which W is methylene or ethylene.
(4-4)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which W is methylene.
(4-5)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which W is ethylene.
(5-1)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which n is an integer of 0 to 4.
(5-2)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which n is an integer of 0 to 2.
(5-3)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which n is 0 or 1.
(6) The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, which is a combination of any two or more of the groups, which are not inconsistent with each other, among some embodiments of each group described in (1-1) to (5-3) above. Examples thereof include the compounds or salts thereof shown below.
(6-1)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which
R1 is as described in (1-2) above,
R2 is as described in (2-2) above,
R3 is as described in (3-1) above,
W is as described in (4-1) above, and
n is as described in (5-1) above.
(6-2)
The compound or a salt thereof as described in (6-1) above, in which
R1 is as described in (1-3) above,
R2 is as described in (2-3) above,
W is as described in (4-2) above, and
n is as described in (5-3) above.
(6-3)
The compound or a salt thereof as described in (6-2) above, in which
R2 is as described in (2-4) above, and
W is as described in (4-3) above.
(6-4)
The compound or a salt thereof as described in (6-2) above, in which
R1 is as described in (1-6) above,
R2 is as described in (2-14) above, and
W is as described in (4-3) above.
Examples of the specific compounds included in the present invention include the following compounds or salts thereof:
In another embodiment, examples of the specific compounds included in the present invention include the following compounds or salts thereof:
With regard to the compound of the formula (I), tautomers or geometrical isomers thereof may exist, depending on the kinds of the substituents. In the present specification, the compound of the formula (I) may be described in only one form of isomers in some cases, but the present invention includes other isomers, isolated forms of the isomers, or a mixture thereof.
Furthermore, some of the compounds of the formula (I) may have asymmetric carbon atoms or asymmetries in some cases, and correspondingly, the optical isomers thereof can exist. The present invention includes the isolated form of the optical isomer of the compound of the formula (I) or a mixture thereof.
In addition, a pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug of the compound represented by the formula (I) is also included in the present invention. The pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug refers to a compound having a group which can be converted into an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, or the like, by solvolysis or under a physiological condition. Examples of the groups forming the prodrug include those as described in Prog. Med., 5, 2157-2161 (1985) or “Pharmaceutically Research and Development” (Hirokawn Publishing Company, 1990), vol. 7, Drug Design, 163-198.
Moreover, the salt of the compound of the formula (I) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula (I), and the compounds of the formula (I) may form an acid solution salt or a salt with a base, depending on the kinds of the substituents in some cases. Specifically, examples thereof include acid addition salts with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, and with organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propanoic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, tartaric acid, dibenzoyl tartaric acid, ditolyl tartaric acid, citric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid, and salts with metal anions such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and aluminum, and with organic bases such as methylamine, ethylamine, and ethanolamine, salts with various amino acids such as acetyl leucine, lysine, and omithine, or derivatives of amino acids, ammonium salts, and others.
In addition, the present invention also includes various hydrates or solvates, and crystal polymorph substances of the compound of the formula (I) and a salt thereof. In addition, the present invention also includes the compounds labeled with various radioactive or non-radioactive isotopes.
(Production Process)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof can be prepared by applying various know synthetic methods, using the characteristics based on their basic structures or the kinds of the substituents. At this time, depending on the types of the functional groups, it is in some cases effective from the viewpoint of the preparation techniques to protect the functional group with an appropriate protective group (a group which is capable of being easily converted into the functional groups), during the steps from starting materials to intermediates. Examples of the protective group include the protective groups as described in “Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (4th edition, 2006)”, edited by P. G. M. Wuts and T. W. Greene, and the like, which may be appropriately selected and used depending on the reaction conditions. In these methods, a desired compound can be obtained by introducing the protective group to carry out the reaction, and then, if desired, removing the protective group.
In addition, the prodrug of the compound of the formula (I) can be prepared by introducing a specific group during the steps from starting materials to intermediates, in the same manner as for the above protective groups, or by further carrying out the reaction using the obtained compound of the formula (I). The reaction can be carried out by applying a method known to a person skilled in the art, such as common esterification, amidation, and dehydration.
Hereinbelow, typical preparation methods of the compound of the formula (I) and the compound of the formula (a) which is the starting compound will be described. Each of the production processes can also be carried out with reference to the documents appended to the description herein. Further, the preparation methods of the present invention are not limited to the examples as shown below.
(Production Process 1)
##STR00006##
(in which, R represents C1-6 alkyl, which shall apply hereinafter).
This reaction is a method for producing a compound of the formula (I) which is a compound of the present invention, by deprotecting a compound of the formula (a).
This reaction is carried out using the compound of the formula (a) and a deprotecting reagent in equivalent amounts, or either thereof in an excess amount, by stirring the mixture under the temperature condition ranging from under cooling to heating to reflux, usually for 0.1 hours to 5 days, in a solvent which is insert to the reaction or without a solvent. Examples of the solvent used herein are not particularly limited, but include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and the like, N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, and the like. Further, there are some cases where a mixed solvent of the solvent and water is highly suitable for the reaction. Examples of the deprotecting reagent are not particularly limited, but include bases such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution and the like, and acids such as hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid and the like.
(Production Process 2)
##STR00007##
(in which, L1 represents a leaving group, which shall apply hereinafter).
This production process is a method for producing the compound of the formula (a) which is a starting material of the compound of the formula (I). Here, examples of L1 include chloro and the like.
(Step 1)
This step is a step of preparing a compound of the formula (d) by subjecting a compound of the formula (b) and a compound of the formula (c) to an amidation reaction.
The reaction is carried out using the formula (b) and the compound of the formula (c) in equivalent amounts, or either thereof in an excess amount, by stirring the mixture under the temperature condition ranging from under cooling to under heating, preferably at −20° C. to 60° C., usually for 0.1 hours to 5 days, in a solvent which is inert to the reaction, in the presence of a condensing agent. Examples of the solvent used herein are not particularly limited, but include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene and the like, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform and the like, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, cyclopentylmethyl ether and the like, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, water, and a mixture thereof. Examples of the condensing reagent include 1-(3-dimethylamino propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide or a hydrochloride thereof, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, diphenylphosphoric azide, phosphorous oxychloride, N-[({[(1Z)-1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidene]amino}oxy)morpholin-4-yl)methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate (COMU), and the like, but are not limited thereto. It may be preferable in some cases for the reaction to use an additive (for example, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole), and it may be advantageous in some cases for the smooth progress of the reaction to carry out the reaction in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine and the like, or an inorganic base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide and the like.
Furthermore, a method in which the carboxylic acid (c) is converted to a reactive derivative thereof, and then the reactive derivative is reacted with the amine (b) can also be used. Examples of the reactive derivative of the carboxylic acid include acid halides obtained by the reaction with a halogenating agent such as phosphorus oxychloride, thionyl chloride or the like, mixed acid anhydrides obtained by the reaction with isobutyl chloroformate or the like, and active esters obtained by condensation with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole or the like. The reaction of these reactive derivatives and the compound (b) can be carried out under the temperature condition ranging from under cooling to under heating, preferably at −20° C. to 60° C., in a solvent which is inert to the reaction, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and the like.
References
(Step 2)
This step is a step of preparing a compound of the formula (f) by reacting a compound of the formula (d) with a compound of the formula (e).
This reaction is carried out using the formula (d) and the compound of the formula (e) in equivalent amounts, or either thereof in an excess amount, by stirring the mixture under the temperature condition ranging from under cooling to under heating to reflux, preferably at 0° C. to 80° C., usually for 0.1 hours to 5 days, in a solvent which is inert to the reaction or without a solvent. Examples of the solvent used herein are not particularly limited, but include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene and the like, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and the like, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform and the like, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, and a mixture thereof. It may be advantageous in some cases for the smooth progress of the reaction to carry out the reaction in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine and the like, or an organic base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide and the like.
References
(Step 3)
This step is a step of preparing a compound of the formula (g) by introducing an acetoxymethyl group into the 5-position of thiazole in the compound of the formula (f). The compound of the formula (f) is reacted with an aqueous formaldehyde solution or paraformaldehyde in the presence of an acetic acid solvent, which can be carried out under the temperature condition ranging from at room temperature to under heating to reflux. Further, the reaction can also be carried out by adding acetic acid into a solvent which is inert to the reaction, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and the like, instead of the acetic acid solvent. In addition, the reaction can also be carried out by further adding acetic anhydride.
(Step 4)
This step is a step of preparing a compound of the formula (a) by reacting a compound of the formula (g) with a compound of the formula (h) under a basic condition. The present reaction can be carried out by reacting the compound of the formula (g) with the compound of the formula (h) in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine and N,N-diisopropylethylamine, in an organic solvent which is inert to the reaction, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone and the like. Further, the compound of the formula (h) may also used in an excess amount instead of the organic base. The reaction can be carried out under the temperature condition ranging from under cooling to at room temperature; from at room temperature to under heating; or from at room temperature to under refluxing.
In addition, the compound of the formula (a) can be directly obtained while not isolating the compound of the formula (g) by adding the compound of the formula (h) into the reaction mixture of Step 3.
(Production Process 3)
##STR00008##
(in which P1 and P2 each represent a protective group, and L2 represents a leaving group).
This production process is another preparation method for the compound of the formula (a), which is a starting material of the compound of the formula (I). Here, as the protective groups represented by P1 and P2, the groups of amino groups described in “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” written by Wuts and Greene, 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2006, and the like can be used. Examples of the P1 include acetyl, trifluoroacetyl and the like, examples of P2 include t-butoxycarbonyl and the like, and examples of L2 include bromo and the like.
(Step 2)
This compound is a step of protecting the amino group of the compound (b). Here, the present reaction can be carried out with reference to “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” written by Wuts and Greene, 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2006.
(Step 2)
This step is a step of preparing a compound of the formula (k) by introducing an acetoxymethyl group into the 5-position of thiazole in a compound of the formula (j). The reaction conditions are the same as in Step 3 of Production Process 2.
(Step 3)
The step is a step of preparing a compound of the formula (m) by reacting a compound of the formula (h) and a compound of the formula (k) under a basic condition. The reaction conditions are the same as in Step 4 of Production Process 2.
(Step 4)
This step is a step of deprotecting a protective group P1 of an amino group of the compound (m). Here, the present reaction can be carried out with reference to “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” written by Wuts and Greene, 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2006.
(Step 5)
This step is a step of obtaining a compound of the formula (q) by subjecting a compound of the formula (o) and a compound of the formula (p) to an amidation reaction. The reaction conditions are the same as in Step 1 of Production Process 2.
(Step 6)
This step is a step of preparing a compound of the formula (s) by reacting a compound of the formula (q) with a compound of the formula (r). The reaction conditions are the same as in Step 2 of Production Process 2.
(Step 7)
This step is a step of deprotecting a protective group P2 of a compound of the formula (s).
This step can be carried out with reference to “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” written by Wuts and Greene, 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2006”.
(Step 8)
This step is a step of obtaining the compound of the formula (a) by reacting a compound of the formula (t) and a compound of the formula (n). The present reaction is carried out using the compound (t) and the compound (u) in equivalent amounts, or either thereof in an excess amount, and stirring the mixture under the temperature condition ranging from under cooling to under heating to reflux, preferably at 0° C. to 100° C., usually for 0.1 hours to 5 days, in a solvent which is inert to the reaction, or without a solvent. Examples of the solvent used herein are not particularly limited, but include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene and the like, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and the like, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform and the like, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, and a mixture thereof. It may be advantageous in some cases for the smooth progress of the reaction to carry out the reaction in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine and the like, or an inorganic base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide and the like.
References
The compound of the formula (I) is isolated and purified as its free compound, or a salt, a hydrate, a solvate, or crystal polymorph substance thereof. The salt of the compound of the formula (I) can also be prepared by a conventional method.
Isolation and purification are carried out by employing general chemical operations such as extraction, fractional crystallization, and various types of fractional chromatography.
Various isomers can be prepared by selecting appropriate starting compound, or separated by separation using differences in the physicochemical properties among the isomers. For example, the optical isomers can be obtained by means of general optical resolution methods of racemic compounds (for example, fractional crystallization introducing the compound into a diastereomer salt with an optically active base or acid; chromatography using a chiral column or the like; and others), or can also be prepared from appropriate optically active starting compound.
The pharmacological activity of the compound of the formula (I) was confirmed by the following test.
a) Construction of Vector Expressing Human Muscarinic M3 Receptor
A human muscarinic M3 receptor gene (GenBank Accession No.: NM_00740.2) was introduced into an expression vector pcDNA3.1™ (Life Technologies).
b) Construction of Cells Stably Expressing Human Muscarinic M3 Receptor
A vector expressing a human muscarinic M3 receptor was introduced into a CHO—K1 cell (ATCC No.: CCL-61). The introduction was carried out according to the attached instructions, using a transfection reagent, Lipofectoamine (registered trademark) 2000 Reagent (Life Technologies). The cells were incubated in an alpha Modified Eagle Minimum Essential Medium (α-MEM) including 2 mM glutamine, 10% fetal bovine serum, and 2.0 mg/mL. Geneticin (registered trademark) (Life Technologies) for 4 weeks to acquire a drug-resistant clone.
c) Measurement of Intracellular Ca2+ Concentration
The cells obtained in b) above were suspended in an α-MEM including 2 mM glutamine, 10% fetal bovine serum, and 0.2 mg/mL. Geneticin (registered trademark) to the amount from 1.2 to 1.5×104 cells/well the day before the experiment, dispersed into a 384-well plate (Model No. 355962, BD Biosciences), and incubated overnight at 37° C. and 5% CO2. The medium was replaced with a loading buffer (an assay buffer (Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), 1 g/L BSA, 20 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), and 2.5 mM probenecid), including 3.1 μM Fluo 4-AM (Dojindo Laboratories) and incubated for about 2 hours at room temperature. Thereafter, the cells were washed with a plate washer EL×405™ (BIO-TEK Instrument, Inc.) set with the assay buffer, and set in an intracellular Ca2+ concentration measuring system (FLIPRintra (registered trademark), Molecular Device Co.). The test substances (final concentration of 1 μM or 10 μM) and carbachol (Sigma, final concentration of 0.0024 nM to 10 μM) which had each been dissolved in the assay buffer in advance were set in a FLIPRintra (registered trademark). The test substances were added to the cells in the device and after about 5 minutes, carbachol was added to the cells. An increase rate of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration by carbachol was measured (excitement wavelength of 470 nm to 495 nm and a fluorescence wavelength of 515 nm to 575 nm).
For the muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator activity, a shift toward a lower concentration side of a carbachol concentration-response curve by the test substance was used as an index. That is, a minimum value in the carbachol response was taken as 0%; a minimum value in the carbachol response was taken as 100% from the concentration-response curve of carbachol; the carbachol concentration exhibiting a 50% response was calculated as an EC50 value, using a Sigmoid-Emax model non-linear regression method, and thus, the muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator activity was determined by dividing the EC50 value of carbachol in the absence of the test substance by the EC50 value of carbachol in the presence of the test substance. For example, when the EC50 value of the carbachol in the absence of the test substance was 0.1 μM and the EC50 value of carbachol in the presence of the test substance was 0.01 μM, the value of the muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator activity becomes 10, showing that the test substance causes a 10-fold shift in the EC50 value toward to the low concentration side. In Tables below, the columns of 10 μM (-fold shift) show the values in a case where the test substance is added to a final concentration of 10 μM and the columns of 1 μM (-fold shift) show the values in a case where the test substance is added to a final concentration of 1 μM.
The human c-Mpl-introduced Ba/F3 cell proliferation action was measured by the following method.
As a positive control, 1-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)piperidine-4 -carboxylic acid hydrochloride disclosed as Example 315 in Patent Document 1, represented by the formula (A1) above, was used. Further, it is known that the compound has a good human c-Mpl-introduced Ba/F3 cell proliferative activity as disclosed in Table 1 in Patent Document 1.
a) Construction of Vector Expressing Human c-Mpl Receptor
A human c-Mpl receptor gene (GenBank Accession No.: M90102.1) was transfected into an expression vector pEF-BOS (Nucleic Acids Research, 18; pp 4322 (1990)).
b) Concentration of Cell Stably Expressing Human c-Mpl Receptor
A vector expressing a human c-Mpl receptor was introduced into a Ba/F3 cell (RIKEN BRC: RCB0805). For the introduction, an electroporation method was used. pEF-BOS-c-mpl (10 μg), pSV2bsr (1 μg, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and 1×109 of Ba/F3 cells were put into cuvettes with a gap width of 0.4 cm and electroporated under a condition of 1.5 kV (25 μF) in a Gene Pulser (registered trademark) (BioRad). The cells were incubated in an RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with a 0.5% WEHI conditioned medium (BD Biosciences) and 10% fetal bovine serum for 3 days, and thereafter, and the cells were incubated for 30 days in an RPMI-1640 medium, to which 10 μg/mL blasticidin had been further added, thereby acquiring a drug-resistance clone.
c) Measurement of Cell Proliferative Activity
The cells obtained in b) above were dispersed into an RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with a 0.5% WEHI conditioned medium and 10% fetal bovine serum, and used. The day before the experiment, the test substances (final concentration of 100 mM to 10 μM) which has been dissolved in a medium for assay (an RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum) were added to a 384-well plate (Model No. 781185, Greiner bio-one). The cells after the medium had been replaced with the medium for assay were dispensed to a 384-well plate to which the test substance had been added, to 1×104 cells/well, and incubated overnight at 37° C. and 5% CO2. On the experiment day, a solution of a Cell counting kit (Dojindo Laboratories) was added to each well of the 384-well plate, and the cells were incubated for about 5 hours at 37° C., and 5% CO2. Thereafter, the absorbance (an absorbance wavelength of 450 nm) of each well was measured using Safire2 (registered trademark) (TECAN), and used as an index for the number of cells. Further, as a negative control, a well to which the test substances had not been added was prepared.
By taking the absorbance of the well to which the test substance had been not added as 0% and taking the absorbance in a case where the positive control had been added to a final concentration of 1 μM as 100%, a cell proliferation rate (%) was calculated from the absorbance of the well to which the test substance has been added. From the obtained results, the test substance concentration exhibiting 30% proliferation by a Sigmoid-Emax model non-linear regression method was calculated as an EC30 value.
Combinations of the muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator activity (-fold shift) and the human c-Mpl-introduced Ba/F3 cell proliferative activity (EC30 value, nM) of some Example compounds of the present invention are shown in Tables 1 and 2. However, Ex represents Example Compound Nos. as described later (this shall apply hereinafter).
TABLE 1
Test Example 1
Test Example 2
10 μM
1 μM
EC30
Ex
(-fold shift)
(-fold shift)
(nM)
3
253
101
780
4
200
25
>3000
10
87
21
>10000
11
226
33
>10000
12
178
33
>10000
13
326
43
>10000
15
159
31
>10000
17
109
15
>10000
21
149
25
>10000
27
330
31
>10000
28
108
36
5300
33
182
40
>10000
34
116
18
>10000
41
160
43
>10000
42
141
39
>10000
43
224
76
>10000
46
199
29
>10000
48
113
27
>10000
49
224
67
>10000
50
190
108
2300
51
287
102
2600
52
196
36
>10000
54
134
36
>10000
60
235
33
9700
61
229
35
1300
62
195
37
>10000
63
186
39
>10000
64
128
23
>10000
65
90
24
>10000
67
114
40
>10000
69
177
27
>10000
TABLE 2
Test Example 1
Test Example 2
10 μM
1 μM
EC30
Ex
(-fold shift)
(-fold shift)
(nM)
71
151
28
>10000
72
152
31
>10000
79
171
60
>10000
81
94
89
1800
82
43
11
500
91
139
19
>10000
92
203
30
>10000
95
233
91
>10000
97
121
55
3000
100
229
82
2800
101
112
64
3200
103
307
202
2700
104
195
75
1700
106
270
41
>10000
107
318
73
>10000
108
169
56
>10000
109
191
30
>10000
111
627
203
5000
118
167
57
>10000
119
503
110
>10000
124
101
28
>10000
126
318
79
>10000
128
192
73
8000
129
148
67
>10000
130
151
95
>10000
132
41
15
>10000
133
164
30
>10000
135
204
25
>10000
140
158
28
>10000
141
159
45
>10000
142
160
52
4700
143
81
65
7800
In Test Example 1, a substantial number of the Example compounds which had been subjected to the present test shifted the EC50 values to almost 100-fold or more toward a lower concentration side when added at 10 μM, and shifted the EC50 values to almost 10-fold or more toward a lower concentration side when added at 1 μM. In addition, for some Example compounds of the present invention, from the viewpoint that the compounds alone do not change the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, it was found that these compounds have no muscarinic M3 receptor agonistic activity.
Furthermore, in Test Example 2, it was found that a substantial number of the Example compounds which had been subjected to the present test have a weak human c-Mpl-introduced Ba/F3 cell proliferative activity or have none.
The compound of the present invention is used as an agent for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder concentrations via a muscarinic M3 receptor, as a muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator, and thus preferably has a weak or none increased platelet action based on c-Mpl-introduced Ba/F3 cell proliferative activity.
On the other hand, Table 1 of Patent Document 1 above discloses that the compound of Example 315 represented by the formula (A1) above has 3.2 nM of EC30 value of c-Mpl-introduced Ba/F3 cell proliferation action.
As an effect on the nerve stimulation-dependent bladder contraction in in vitro, the effect of the Example compounds of the present invention in the electrical field stimulation-induced contraction of the rat isolated bladder was measured by the following method. That is, a bladder specimen having a width of about 2 mm and a length of about 10 mm in the longitudinal direction from the bladder isolated from a Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rat (Japan SLC, Inc.) was prepared. The prepared bladder specimen was suspended in an organ bath filled with 10 mL of a Krebs-Henseleite solution. The Krebs-Henseleite solution was aerated at 95% 02 and 5% CO2, and kept at 37° C. After carrying out stabilization at an initial tension of 1 g, the contraction was caused twice with 60 nM KCl. After stabilization of the specimen with a Krebs-Henseleite solution, the concentration was caused by carrying out electrical field stimulation at 20 V with an electrical stimulation device (Nihon Kohden) (a stimulation frequency of 8 Hz, a pulse width of 0.3 msec, and a stimulation time of 10 seconds). By repeating the transmural electrical stimulation at an interval of 2 minutes, a voltage was adjusted to obtain a contraction height of approximately 50% of the contractile response at 20 V. After the contraction by electrical field stimulation had been stabilized, 10 μL of the test substances dissolved in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide in advance (final concentrations of 3 μM, 10 μM, and 30 μM) was added thereto. The test substances were cumulatively administered at the following concentrations after the low-concentration contractile response had been stabilized. The response was taken into a personal computer through a PowerLab (registered trademark) (AD Instruments, Inc.), and analyzed by LabChart (registered trademark) (AD Instruments, Inc.). When the area under the response (area under curve, AUC) in each contraction response was calculated and the value before treatment with the test substance was taken as 100%, the enhancement rate (% of pre) of the isolated bladder concentrations after treatment with the test substance was calculated.
The enhancement rates of the isolated bladder contractions by 10 μM of some Example compounds are shown in Table 3.
Furthermore, it was confirmed that all the Example compounds which have been subjected to the present test do not cause contraction in a state in which there is no electrical stimulation and the compounds alone do not show a bladder contraction action.
TABLE 3
Enhancement rate (% of pre) of
Ex.
isolated bladder contractions
3
152
10
161
11
123
13
126
15
124
21
141
28
123
34
137
42
158
43
179
46
132
48
143
49
153
50
183
51
151
52
132
60
144
61
176
64
162
65
127
67
116
72
157
82
158
95
150
109
183
119
154
124
132
133
151
135
139
140
161
141
121
142
196
143
140
From the above, it was confirmed that the Example compounds alone, which have been subjected to the present test, do not cause a contraction action in the isolated rate bladder, but have an action of enhancing electrical field stimulation-induced contraction.
The effect of the Example compounds of the present invention in the pelvic nerve electrical stimulation-induced elevation of intravesical pressure using rats as an action of nerve stimulation-dependent bladder contraction in vivo was measured by the following method. That is, SD female rats (Japan SLC, Inc.) were used and its lower abdomen was dissected at the midline under pentobarbital anesthesia (50 mg/kg ip). After ligating and cutting the ureter on both sides, a cannula (PE-5) for measuring the intravesical pressure was inserted into the bladder from the external urethral opening and fixed b a clip. After injecting about 200 μL of saline through the cannula that had been inserted into the bladder, the other side was connected to a pressure transducer to measure the intravesical pressure. Under a stereoscopic microscope observation, the pelvic nerve in the vicinity of the bladder was peeled and an electrode for nerve stimulation (unique Medical) was placed. The abdominal cavity was filled with mineral oil (MP BIOMEDICALS). After placing in a post-operative stabilization period, the pelvic nerve was subjected to electrical stimulation (stimulation voltage: 10 V, stimulation frequency: 8 Hz, pulse width: 0.3 msec, and stimulation time: 10 seconds) to elicit the elevation of intravesical pressure, using an electrical stimulator (Nihon Kohden). By repeating the electrical stimulation at an interval of 2 minutes while adjusting the voltage, the voltage was adjusted to elicit about 50% to 70% elevation of intravesical pressure elicited at 10 V. Thereafter, by repeating the electrical stimulation at an interval of 10 minutes, the increase in the intravesical pressure by electrical stimulation was stabilized three times or more, and the test substance (an administration amount of 3 mg/kg) was then administered from the catheter detained in the vein at a volume of 1 mL/kg, thus measuring an effect of the elevation of the intravesical pressure of the test substance for 1 hour. The test substance was dissolved in water supplemented with 10% dimethylsulfoxide and 10% Cremophor.
The response was applied to a personal computer through a PowerLab (registered trademark) and analyzed by Lab-Chart (registered trademark). The AUC of each elevation of the intravesical pressure was calculated, the intravesical pressure elevation rate (% of pre) after the treatment with the test substance was calculated by taking an average value of the values measured three times before the treatment with the test substance as 100%, and the maximum effect during a period within one hour after administration of the compound was considered as the effect of the test substance.
The elevation rates (% of pre) of the intravesical pressure when some Example compounds were administered at 3 mg/kg are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
Enhancement rate (% of pre) of
Ex.
isolated bladder contractions
3
251
10
145
11
132
13
132
15
142
21
155
28
184
34
134
42
149
43
125
46
126
48
121
49
172
50
207
51
223
52
129
60
130
61
129
64
135
65
128
67
126
72
155
82
138
95
239
109
180
119
173
124
143
133
150
135
168
140
148
141
175
142
199
143
172
In addition, it was confirmed that the Example compounds evaluated in the present test do not cause an elevation of the intravesical pressure in a state in which electrical stimulation is not given, and the compounds alone do not show elevation of the intravesical pressure.
From the above, it was confirmed that the Example compounds listed in Table 4 alone do not show elevation of the intravesical pressure but have an action of enhancing effect on the pelvic nerve electrical stimulation-induced elevation of intravesical pressure in the anesthetized rats.
As shown in the results of each of the tests above, it was confirmed that the compound of the formula (I) has a muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator activity, and further, it enhances the bladder contraction in a nerve stimulation-dependent manner in in vitro, as well as enhances an elevation in the intravesical pressure in a nerve stimulation-dependent manner in in vitro. Accordingly, the compound of the formula (I) can be used to prevent or treat bladder/urinary tract diseases associated with bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor, in particular, voiding dysfunction or urine storage dysfunction in the bladder/urethral diseases. The compound of the formula (I) can be used for preventing or treating, for example, voiding dysfunction or urine storage dysfunction in underactive bladder, hypotonic bladder, acontractile bladder, detrusor underactivity, neurogenic bladder, urethra relaxation failure, detrusor-external urethral sphincter dyssynergia, overactive bladder, urinary frequency, nocturia, urinary incontinence, benign prostatic hyperplasia, interstitial cystitis, chronic prostatitis, and urinary tract stones. In particular, the compound of the formula (I) can be used for preventing or treating voiding dysfunction or urine storage dysfunction in underactive bladder, hypotonic bladder, acontractile bladder, detrusor underactivity, and neurogenic bladder.
In addition, the compound of formula (I) can become a therapeutic drug that is more excellent in safety from the viewpoint that the compound alone does not show an agonistic effect on a muscarinic M3 receptor, but shows an effect on enhancing the nerve stimulation-dependent bladder contraction, and accordingly, cholinergic side effects that have been reported in the existing drugs can be avoided.
A pharmaceutical composition including one or two or more kinds of the compound of the formula (I) as an active ingredient can be prepared using an excipient which is usually used in the art, that is, an excipient for a pharmaceutical preparation, a carrier for a pharmaceutical preparation, and the like, according to a method usually used.
Administration can be accomplished either by oral administration via tablets, pills, capsules, granules, powders, solutions, and the like, or parenteral administration via injections, such as intraarticular, intravenous, and intramuscular injections, suppositories, transdermal liquid preparations, ointments, transdermal patches, transmucosal liquid preparations, transmucosal patches, inhalers, and the like.
As a solid composition for oral administration, tablets, powders, granules, and the like are used. In such a solid composition, one kind or two or more kinds of the active ingredients are mixed with at least one inactive excipient. In a conventional method, the composition may contain inactive additives such as a lubricant, a disintegrating agent, a stabilizer, or a solubilization assisting agent. If necessary, tablets or pills may be coated with a sugar or with a film of a gastric or enteric coating substance.
The liquid composition for oral administration includes pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups elixirs, or the like, and also includes generally used inert diluents, for example, purified water or ethanol. The liquid composition may also include auxiliary agents such as a solubilization assisting agent, a moisturizing agent, and a suspending agent, sweeteners, flavors, aromatics, and antiseptics, in addition to the inert diluent.
The injections for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solution preparations, suspensions, or emulsions. The aqueous solvent includes, for example, distilled water for injection and saline. Examples of the non-aqueous solvent include alcohols such as ethanol. Such a composition may further include a tonicity agent, an antiseptic, a moistening agent, an emulsifying agent, a dispersing agent, a stabilizing agent, or a solubilizing assisting agent. These are stabilized, for example, by filtration through a bacteria retaining filter, blending of a bactericide, or irradiation. In addition, these can also be used by preparing a sterile solid composition, and dissolving or suspending it in sterile water or a sterile solvent for injection prior to its use.
Examples of the agent for external use include ointments, hard plasters, creams, jellies, cataplasms, sprays, and lotions. The agent further contains generally used ointment bases, lotion bases, aqueous or non-aqueous liquid preparations, suspensions, emulsions, or the like.
As the transmucosal agents such as an inhaler and a transnasal agent, those in the form of a solid, liquid, or semi-solid state are used, and can be prepared in accordance with a method known in the related art. For example, a known excipient, and also a pH adjusting agent, an antiseptic, a surfactant, a lubricant, a stabilizing agent, a thickening agent, or the like may be appropriately added thereto. For the administration, an appropriate device for inhalation or blowing can be used. For example, a compound may be administered alone or as a powder of formulated mixture, or as a solution or suspension in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, using a known device or sprayer such as a metered administration inhalation device. A dry powder inhaler or the like may be for single or multiple administration use, and a dry powder or a powder-containing capsule may be used. Alternatively, this may be in a form such as a pressurized aerosol spray that uses an appropriate propellant agent, for example, a suitable gas such as chlorofluoroalkanes, and carbon dioxide, or other forms.
Usually, in the case of oral administration, the daily dose is from about 0.001 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg, preferably from 0.1 mg/kg to 30 mg/kg, and more preferably from 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, per body weight, administered in one portion or in 2 to 4 divided portions. In the case of intravenous administration, the daily dose is suitably administered from about 0.0001 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg per body weight, once a day or two or more times a day. In addition, a transmucosal agent is administered at a dose from about 0.001 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg per body weight, once or plural times a day. The dose is appropriately decided in response to the individual case by taking the symptoms, the age, and the gender, and the like into consideration.
Although there are differences depending on a route of administration, a dosage form, an administration site, and a type of the excipient or additive, a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises 0.001% by weight to 100% by weight of, as an embodiment, 0.01% by weight to 50% by weight of, one or more of the compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof which is the active ingredient.
The compound of the formula (I) may be used in combination with various agents for treating or preventing diseases on which the compound of the formula (I) is considered to show the effect. Such combined preparations may be administered simultaneously, or separately and continuously, or at a desired time interval. The preparations to be co-administered may be a blend, or may be prepared individually.
Hereinbelow, the production process for the compound of the formula (I) will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. Further, the present invention is not limited to the compounds described in the Examples below. Further, the production processes for the starting compounds will be described in Preparation Examples. In addition, the production processes for the compound of the formula (I) are not limited to the production processes of the specific Examples shown below, but the compound of the formula (I) can be prepared by a combination of these production processes or a method that is apparent to a person skilled in the art.
Further, in the present specification, nomenclature software such as ACDC/Name (registered trademark, Advanced Chemistry Development, Inc.) may be used for nomenclature of compounds in some cases.
The powder X-ray diffraction is measured using RINT-TTRII under the condition of a tube: Cu, a tube current: 300 mA, a tube voltage: 50 kV, a sampling width: 0.020°, a scanning speed: 4°/min, a wavelength: 1.54056 angstroms, and a measurement diffraction angle (2θ): 2.5° to 40°. Further, a device including data processing was handled in accordance with the method and procedure instructed in each device.
The values obtained from various spectra may cause some errors according to the direction of the crystal growth, particle sizes, measurement conditions, and the like in some cases. Accordingly, considering these errors, in the present specification, the description of diffraction angles (2θ (°)) in the powder X-ray diffraction patterns is measured value, but depending on the measuring conditions, these diffraction angles mean that error ranges which are usually acceptable may occur and means that they are approximate values. Usually, the error range of the diffraction angle (2θ (°)) in the powder X-ray diffraction is ±0.2°. However, for the powder X-ray diffraction patterns, in terms of the properties of data, crystal lattice spacing and general patterns are important in the certification of crystal identity, and the diffraction angle and the diffraction intensity may vary slightly depending on the direction of crystal growth, the particle size, and the measurement condition, and they should not be strictly construed.
Moreover, the following abbreviations may be used in Examples, Preparation Examples, and Tables below in some cases.
PEx: Preparation Example No., Ex: Example No., PSyn: Preparation Example No. prepared by the same method, Syn: Example No. prepared by the same method, Structure: Structural chemical formula (Me represents methyl, Et represents ethyl, Ac represents acetyl, nPr represnets n-propyl, iPr represents isopropyl, cPr represents cyclopropyl, iBu represents isobutyl, Boc represents tert-butoxycarbonyl, Ts represents 4-methylphenyl sulfonyl, COMU represents N-[({[(1Z)-1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidene]amino}oxy) (morpholin-4-yl)methylene]-N-methylmethaminium hexafluorophosphate, WSCD.HCl represents N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N′-ethylcarbodiimide monohydrochloride, and ODS represents octadecylsilyl), Data: Physicochemical data, ESI+: m/z values in mass spectroscopy (Ionization method ESI, representing [M+H]+ unless otherwise specified), ESI−: m/z values in mass spectroscopy (Ionization method ESI, representing [M−H]− unless otherwise specified), APCI/ESI+: APCI/ESI-MS (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization method APCI, representing [M+H]+ unless otherwise specified; in which APCI/ESI means simultaneous measurement of APCI and ESI), EI: m/z values in mass spectroscopy (Ionization method EI, representing [M]+ unless otherwise specified), CI: m/z values in mass spectroscopy (Ionization method CI, representing [M+H]+ unless otherwise specified), NMR-DMSO-d: δ (ppm) of peaks in 1H-NMR in DMSO-d6, s: singlet (spectrum), d: doublet (spectrum), t: triplet (spectrum), br: broad line (spectrum) (e.g.: brs), m: multiplet (spectrum). Further, HCl in the structural formula indicates that the compound is a monohydrochloride; 2HCl indicates that the compound is a dihydrochloride: 3HCl indicates that the compound is a trihydrochloride, and 2 maleic acid indicates that the compound is a dimalate dimaleate.
In addition, for the sake of convenience, a concentration of mol/L is represented by M. For example, a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution means a 1 mol/L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
A mixture of 4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazolyl-2-amine (1.0 g), 5-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (685 mg), COMU (1.9 g), dioxane (10 mL), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 5-chloro-N-(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{([(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (800 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of 5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (2.9 g) and dichloromethane (60 mL) were added 5-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (1.7 g), N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (340 mg), and WSCD.HCl (2.1 g), followed by stirring at 40° C. for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with chloroform, and washed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The aqueous layer was extracted with chloroform/methanol and the organic layer was combined and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-ethyl acetate) to obtain 5-chloro-N-(5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (2.4 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of 5-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (30.5 g) and ethyl acetate (500 mL) were added thionyl chloride (55 mL) and N,N-dimethylformamide (0.57 mL), followed by stirring at 75° C. for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and toluene was added thereto, followed by carrying out a concentration operation.
A mixture of 4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (3.20 g) and cyclopentylmethyl ether (500 mL) was ice-cooled, and triethylamine (62 mL), and a mixture of the previously obtained compound and cyclopentyl ether (100 mL) were slowly added thereto. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-days. To the reaction mixture was added water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate/tetrahydrofuran. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with diisopropyl ether and the solid was collected by filtration to obtain 5-chloro-N-[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide (46.6 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of 6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid (7.8 g) and dichloromethane (80 mL) were added N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.3 g), WCSCD.HCl (9.5 g), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (30 mL) under ice-cooling. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 17 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue were added ethyl acetate and water, followed by stirring for 30 minutes. The organic layer was separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was combined, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain N,6-dimethoxy-N-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide (5.0 g) as an oil.
A mixture of N-(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl) acetamide (1.4 g), ethanol (10 mL), and a 6 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (5 mL) was stirred at 120° C. for 15 minutes under microwave irradiation. To the reaction mixture was added water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (1.0 g) as an oil.
A mixture of N-(5-{[(2R,5R)-2,5-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)acetamide (916 mg) and 80% sulfuric acid (10 mL) was stirred at 100° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to 5° C. and alkalified by the addition of a 5 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The mixture was extracted with chloroform, and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 5-{[(2R,5R)-2,5-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (685 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of N-{5-[(diethylamino)methyl]-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}acetamide (392 mg) and ethanol (4 mL) was added a 6 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2 mL), followed by heating to reflux for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and water was added thereto, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 5-[(diethylamino)methyl]-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (264 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of tert-butyl (3R)-4-[5-[(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl]-3-methylpiperzine-1-carboxylate (19.9 g) and methanol (60 mL) was added hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 180 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added ethyl acetate (250 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain N-(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin -1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(2R)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide trihydrochloride (20.1 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of tert-butyl (3S)-4-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (1.2 g) and ethanol (6 mL) was added hydrogen chloride (4 M ethyl acetate solution, 6 mL), followed by stirring at 80° C. for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and stirred overnight. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain ethyl 3-[(2S)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate dihydrochloride (995 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of tert-butyl (2R)-2-ethylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (3.4 g) and dioxane (25 mL) was added hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 25 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue were added diethyl ether, followed by stirring. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain (2R)-2-ethylpyrrolidine hydrochloride (2.1 g) as a solid.
A mixture of {2-acetamido-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl}methyl acetate (500 mg), diethylamine (0.3 mL), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.7 mL), and N-methylpyrrolidone (5 mL) was stirred at 100° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl acetate, followed by washing with water and saturated brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain N-{5-[(diethylamine)methyl]-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}acetamide (397 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of {2-acetamide-4-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl}methyl acetate (900 mg) and N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) were added (2R)-2-methylpyrrolidine (293 mg) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.78 mL), followed by stirring at 110° C. for 30 minutes under microwave irradiation. To the reaction mixture was added water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain N-(4-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)acetamide (896 mg) as a solid.
A mixture of N-[4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]acetamide (6.0 g), acetic acid (30 mL), a 36% aqueous formaldehyde solution (7.5 mL), and acetic anhydride (9 mL) was stirred at 170° C. for 15 minutes under microwave irradiation. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added ethyl acetate. The mixture was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, water, and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-methanol) and the obtained solid was mixed with diisopropyl ether. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain {2-acetamido-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl}methyl acetate (2.6 g) as a solid.
A mixture of ethyl 3-[(2R)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate (1.0 g), acetic acid (10 mL), a 37% aqueous formaldehyde solution (1.5 mL), and acetic anhydride (1.8 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 7 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue were added water and a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, followed by extraction with chloroform/isopropanol. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-methanol).
The obtained compound and pyridine (10 mL) were mixed, and acetic anhydride (0.9 mL) was added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain ethyl 3-[(2R)-4-(5-{[5-(acetoxymethyl)-4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate (566 mg) as a solid.
A mixture of N-{4-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}acetamide (3.0 g), 37% aqueous formaldehyde solution (7.2 mL), acetic anhydride (9 mL), and acetic acid (30 mL) was stirred at 100° C. for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added diisopropyl ether. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain {2-acetamido-4-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl}methyl acetate (2.0 g) as a solid.
A mixture of N-{4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}acetamide (2.8 g), acetic acid (20 mL), a 36% aqueous formaldehyde solution (3.6 mL), and acetic anhydride (4.4 mL) was stirred at 170° C. for 30 minutes under microwave irradiation. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and then the obtained solid was washed with methanol and collected by filtration.
The obtained solid (1.8 g) was mixed with N-methylpyrrolidone (20 mL), (2R)-2-methylpyrrolidine (608 mg), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (2.5 mL), followed by stirring at 100° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and water was added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain N-(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)acetamide (1.4 g) as a solid.
N-[4-(4-Chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (5.0 mL), and a 36% aqueous formaldehyde solution (2.5 mL) were mixed, followed by stirring at 60° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and diluted with ethyl acetate. The mixture was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. A mixture of the obtained compound, ethanol (50 mL), and a 6 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (14 mL) was stirred at 90° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water was added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-ethylpyrrolidin-1-yl]-methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2 -amine (2.7 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of ethyl 3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate (20 g) and acetic acid (200 mL) were added paraformaldehyde (3.5 g) and (2R)-2-methylpyrrolidine (6.6 g), followed by stirring at 75° C. for 3.5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue water added ethyl acetate (250 mL), toluene (125 mL), and water (200 mL), followed by neutralization by the addition of sodium carbonate. The organic layer was separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate/toluene, the organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then amino silica gel (40 g) was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, the insoluble materials were separated by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain ethyl 3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate (19.5 g) as a solid.
4-[3-Fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (2.8 g), pyridine (10 mL), and acetic acid anhydride (4 mL) were mixed, by stirring at 60° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, water was added thereto, and the generated solid was collected by filtration. The obtained solid was washed with methanol and the solid was collected by filtration to obtain N-{4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-triazol-2-yl}acetamide (2.9 g) as a solid.
A mixture of 4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (5.0 g), dichloromethane (100 mL), and triethylamine (5.0 mL) was stirred and ice-cooled, and trifluoroacetic anhydride (5 mL) was added thereto, followed by stirring a room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was diluted with chloroform, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate). The obtained solid was washed with hexane and the solid was collected by filtration to obtain N-[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (6.0 g) as a solid.
A mixture of tert-butyl (3S)-4-{5-[(4-[3-fluoro-5(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl ]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (410 mg), hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 4 mL), and methanol (2 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl acetate, followed by concentration under reduced pressure. A mixture of the obtained compound, N-methylpyrrolidone (6 mL), ethyl 3-bromopropanoate (0.4 mL), and potassium carbonate (683 mg) was stirred at 100° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate. The mixture was washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain ethyl 3-[(3S)-4-[5-[(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazine-2-yl}-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate 205 mg).
A mixture of tert-butyl (3R)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (271 mg), hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 4 mL), and methanol (2 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl acetate, followed by concentration under reduced pressure. A mixture of the residue, N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL), ethyl bromoacetate (0.05 mL), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.3 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) and purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain ethyl [(3R)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]acetate (1.54 mg) as a solid.
A mixture of 1-[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (1 g), iodoethane (1.2 mL), cesium carbonate (1.9 g), and N,N-dimethylformamide (15 mL) was stirred at 60° C. for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water was added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (1.1 g) as a sold.
To a mixture of 4-(4,5-dimethylthiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (500 mg) and dichloromethane (10 mL) were added 5-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (530 mg), WSCD.HCl (730 mg), and N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (100 mg), followed by stirring at 40° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and ethyl acetate, water, and a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution were added thereto. The insoluble materials were separated by filtration over Celite and the filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. To a mixture of the obtained compound and N-methylpyrrolidone (16 mL) were added ethyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)propanoate dihydrochloride (1.0 g) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (3 mL), followed by stirring at 80° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water and ethyl acetate were added thereto. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-ethyl acetate). The obtained compound was washed with diisopropyl ether (4 mL) and hexane (20 mL), and the solid was collected by filtration to obtain ethyl 3-[4-(5-{[4-(4,5-dimethylthiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]propanoate (95.4 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of N-(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(2R)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide trihydrochloride (16.1 g) and N,N-dimethylformamide (400 mL) was added potassium carbonate (11.5 g), followed by stirring at room temperature for 5 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl bromoacetate (2.65 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl bromoacetate (0.8 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, and anhydrous magnesium sulfate and activated carbon were added thereto. The insoluble materials were separated by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain ethyl [(3R)-4-{5-[(4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]acetate (11.0 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of 1-[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethane (1 g) and acetonitrile (10 mL) were added 1-bromopropane (0.9 mL), potassium carbonate (1.7 g), and tetrabutylammonium iodide (180 mg), followed by stirring at room temperature overnight. The insoluble materials were separated by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The reside was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 1-[4-propoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (1.2 g) as an oil.
To a mixture of copper iodide (I) (9.4 g) and diethyl ether (180 mL) was added dropwise methyllithium (about 1 M diethyl ether solution, 100 mL) at an internal temperature of 0° C. to 5° C. over 30 minutes, followed by stirring for 15 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added dropwise a solution of tert-butyl (2S)-2-({[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy}methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (7.0 g) in dichloromethane (30 mL) at an internal temperature of 5° C. or lower over 20 minutes, followed by stirring at room temperature for 2.5 hours. To the reaction mixture was added dropwise a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain tert-butyl (2R)-2-ethylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (3.5 g) as an oil.
A mixture of tert-butyl (2R)-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (3.0 g), N,N-dimethylformamide (30 mL), ethyl bromoacetate (2 mL), and potassium carbonate (5.0 g) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl acetate, followed by washing with water and saturated brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-methanol) to obtain tert-butyl (2R)-4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (4.0 g) as an oil.
To a mixture of 5-chloro-N-[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide (25.0 g) and N-methylpyrrolidone (50 mL) were added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (50 mL) and ethyl 3-[(2S)-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate dihydrochloride (21.2 g), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and ethyl acetate and water were added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, and anhydrous magnesium sulfate and activated carbon were added thereto. The insoluble materials were separate by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-ethyl acetate). The obtained compound was mixed with diisopropyl ether (40 mL) and hexane (120 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 15 minutes. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain 3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate (29.7 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of 1-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (78 g) and tetrahyrofuran (625 mL) was added phenyltrimethylammonium tribromide (143 g), followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. The insoluble materials were separated by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
The obtained compound and ethanol (625 mL) were mixed, and thiourea (35 g) was added thereof, followed by stirring at 65° C. to 75° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was ice-cooled, and water (625 mL) was added thereto. The the mixture was added a 1 M sodium hydroxide (600 mL), followed by stirring for 30 minutes. The solid was collected by filtration, and ethanol (30% aqueous, 600 mL) was added thereto and dissolved at 76° C. The obtained solution was cooled to room temperature and stirred overnight. The mixture was ice-cooled and stirred for 2 hours, and then the precipitated solid was collected by filtration to obtain 4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (56.9 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of 1-(4-bromothiophen-2-yl)ethanone (20 g) and N-methylpyrrolidone (400 mL) were added sodium trifluoroacetate (140 g) and copper iodide (I) (100 g), followed by stirring at 200° C. for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, water and ethyl acetate were added thereto, and the insoluble materials were separated by filtration over Celite. The organic layer of the filtrate was separated, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) and purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 1-[4-(trifluoromethyl) thiophen-2-yl]ethanone (4.1 g) as an oil.
To a mixture of N,6-dimethoxy-N-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide (3.7 g) and tetrahydrofuran (40 mL) was added methylmagnesium bromide (3 M tetrahydrofuran solution 7 mL) under ice-cooling, followed by stirring for 1 hour. To the reaction mixture was added a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain (1-[6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethanone (3.0 g) as an oil.
A mixture of 1-(3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone (10.0 g), N,N-dimethylformamide (100 mL), potassium carbonate (8.1 g), and methyl iodide (6.1 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. To the reaction mixture was added water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with 1 M hydrochloride acid and saturated brine, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The mixture was filtered using a basic silica gel and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 1-(3,5-dichloro-4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone (7.6 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of ethyl 6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinate (5.5 g) and ethanol (40 mL) were added a 3 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (40 mL), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added 1 M hydrochloric acid (120 mL) and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration to obtain 6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid (4.4 g) as a solid.
A mixture of 5-bromo-2-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl) pyridine (7.8 g), palladium acetate (II) (170 mg), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrence (840 mg), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (10 mL), ethanol (80 mL), and N,N-dimethylformamide (80 mL) was stirred at 90° C. for 19 hours under a carbon monoxide atmosphere. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and poured into water (500 mL) and ethyl acetate (500 mL), followed by stirring for 30 minutes. The organic layer was separated, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain ethyl 6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinate (5.5 g) as a solid.
2-Methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (8 g), 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione (17 g), and trifluoroacetic acid (32 mL) were mixed, followed by stirring at room temperature for 22 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added diisopropyl ether. The precipitated solid was separated by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 5-bromo-2-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (9.4 g) as an oil.
To a mixture of 1-[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (1 g) and tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) were added 2-propanol (0.46 mL), a 40% diethylazodicarboxylate solution in toluene (2.3 mL) and triphenylphosphine (1.6 g), followed by stirring at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 1-[4-isopropoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (1.0 g) as an oil.
A mixture of 1-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (1.0 g), cyclopropylboronic acid (780 mg), dicyclohexyl (2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine (185 mg), tripotassium phosphate (3.0 g), palladium acetate (II), (51 mg), toluene (10 mL), and water (1 mL was stirred at 100° C. for 3 hours under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, ethyl acetate and water were added thereto, and the insoluble materials were separated by filtration. The filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 1-[4-cyclopropyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (10 ) as an oil.
To a mixture of 1-(4-bromothiophen-2-yl)ethanone (9.4 g), toluene (200 mL) and water (100 mL) were added cyclopropylboronic acid (12.0 g), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) (5.34 g), cesium carbonate (73.6 g), and tri-tert-butylphosphine (2.3 mL), followed by stirring at 80° C. for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered over Celite, and to the filtrate were added water and diethyl ether. The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 1-(4-cyclopropylthiophen-2-yl)ethanone (6.7 g ) as an oil.
A mixture of 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (10.0 g), thionylchloride (40 mL), and N,N-dimethylformamide (1 droplet) was stirred at 802 C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, followed by carrying out a concentration operation with toluene twice and then drying under reduced pressure.
To a mixture of toluene (150 mL) and magnesium chloride (3.6 g) were added dimethyl malonate (5.1 mL) and triethylamine (12 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours. To the reaction mixture was first added dropwise a mixture of the obtained compound and toluene (50 mL) under stirring, followed by stirring at room temperature for 18 hours. To the reaction mixture was added 6 M hydrochloric acid (50 mL), and then water (300 mL) was added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with dimethylsulfoxide (50 mL) and water (5 mL), followed by stirring at 160° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water (300 mL) was added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 1-[3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (10.0 g) as an oil.
To a mixture of zinc powder (2.0 g), cobalt bromide (II) (600 mg), and acetonitrile (30 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (0.15 mL) under an argon atmosphere, followed by stirring at room temperature for 15 minutes. To the reaction mixture were added 5-bromo-1-fluoro-2-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (5.0 g) and acetic anhydride (2.1 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 17 hours. To the reaction mixture was added 1 M hydrochloric acid (30 mL), followed by extraction with diethyl ether. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated with brine, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-diethyl ether) to obtain 1-[3-fluoro-4-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (1.6 g) as an oil.
To a mixture of 1-[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone (3.0 g), N,N-dimethylformamide (36 mL), and water (3.6 mL) were added sodium chloro(difluoro)acetate (5.8 g) and cesium carbonate (7.2 g), followed by stirring at 100° C. for 3 hours. To the reaction mixture was added water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate). To a mixture of the obtained compound (3.8 g) and tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) was added phenyltrimethylammonium tribromide (5.7 g), followed by stirring at room temperature for 45 minutes. The precipitated insoluble materials were separated by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. To a mixture of the residue and ethanol (50 mL) was added thiourea (1.5 g), followed by stirring at 80° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water (30 mL) and a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (30 mL) were added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added diisopropyl ether and hexane, and the generated solid was collected by filtration to obtain 4-[4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-thiazol-2-amine (3.5 g) as a solid.
To a mixture of 5-chloro-N-(4-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (407 mg) and N-methylpyrrolidone (6 mL) were added tert-butyl (3R)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (400 mg) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.7 mL), followed by stirring at 80° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water was added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate).
A mixture of the obtained compound, hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 6 mL), and methanol (2 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl acetate (20 mL), and the solid was collected by filtration to obtain N-(4-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(2R)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide trihydrochloride (623 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of tert-butyl (2S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (17 g), triethylamine (17.7 mL), 1-methyl-1H-imidazole (10.1 mL), and dichloromethane (255 mL) was added p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (17.7 g) under ice-cooling, followed by stirring at the same temperature for 1 hour. To the reaction mixture was added water, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain tert-butyl (2S)-2-({[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy}methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (29.54 g) as an oil.
A mixture of tert-butyl (3S)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (5 g), ethyl acrylate (7.2 mL), and ethanol (15 mL) was heated and refluxed for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added diethyl ether, followed by extraction with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was alkalified to pH 8 by the addition of a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and sodium hydrogen carbonate, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-methanol) to obtain tert-butyl (3 S)-4-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (7.5 g) as an oil.
To a mixture of ethyl 3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate (10.2 g), tetrahydrofuran (50 mL), and ethanol (50 mL) was added a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (50 mL), followed by stirring at 50° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 1 M hydrochloric acid (50 mL) and water (100 mL) were added thereto, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-methanol) to obtain a solid (6.0 g) of 3-[(2S)-4-(5{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid.
To a mixture of the obtained solid and tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) was added hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 12 mL), and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue were added acetonitrile (200 mL) and water (12 mL), followed by stirring at 70° C. for 15 minutes, and then cooling at room temperature. To the mixture was added acetonitrile (100 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. The solid was collected by filtration and dried to obtain 3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid dihydrochloride (6.7 g) as a solid.
Under an argon gas flow, to a mixture of ethyl 3-(4-{5-[(4-[3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2S)-2-isopropylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}piperazin-1-yl)propanoate (660 mg), zinc powder (30 mg), biphenyl-2-yl(di-tert-butyl)phosphine (60 mg), and N,N-dimethylacetamide (13 mL) were added zinc cyanide (160 mg) and palladium trifluoroacetate (II) (30 mg), followed by stirring at 100° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and ethyl acetate was added thereto. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate).
To a mixture of the obtained compound (401 mg), ethanol (5 mL), and tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was added a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (3 mL), followed by stirred at 50° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by ODS column chromatography (acetonitrile-water). The obtained solid was mixed with hexane (20 mL) and diethyl ether (4 mL), and the solid was collected by filtration to obtain sodium 3-(4-{5-[(4-[3-cyano-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2S)-2-isopropylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}piperazin-1-yl)propanoate (149 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of 5-chloro-N-(5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (300 mg) and N-methylpyrrolidone (6 mL) were added ethyl 3-[(3R)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate dihydrochloride (500 mg) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.64 mL), followed by stirring at 90° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate, and washed with water and saturated brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate).
To a mixture of the obtained compound, ethanol (6mL), and tetrahydrofuran (6 mL) was added a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (3.5 mL), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by ODS column chromatography (acetonitrile—0.1% aqueous formic acid solution) to obtain a solid (204 mg). To a mixture of the obtained solid and ethyl acetate was added hydrogen chloride (4 M ethyl acetate solution, 0.25 mL). The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 3-[(3R)-3-methyl-4-{5-[(5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}piperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid dihydrochloride (155 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of 5-chloro-N-(5-{[(2R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (300 mg) and N-methylpyrrolidone (6 mL) were added ethyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)propanoate dihydrochloride (250 mg) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.7 mL), followed by stirring at 80° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water and ethyl acetate were added thereto. The organic layer was separated, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate).
To a mixture of the obtained residue, ethanol (5 mL), and tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was added a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (3 mL), followed by stirring at 50° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by ODS column chromatography (acetonitrile-water) to obtain a solid (298 mg). The obtained solid was mixed with hexane (10 mL) and diethyl ether (2 mL), and the solid was collected by filtration to obtain sodium 3-(4-{5-[(5-{[(2R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl]methyl}-4-[3-methyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazine-2-yl}piperazin-1-yl)propanoate (284 mg) as a solid.
A mixture of ethyl 3-[(2R)-4-(5-{[5-(acetoxymethyl)-4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate (200 mg), dimethylamine (2M tetrahydrofuran solution, 2 mL), and N-methylpyrrolidone (4 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate, and washed with water and saturated brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) and purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate). The obtained compound was mixed with ethanol (2 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (2 mL), and a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1 mL) was added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. To the reaction mixture was added 1 M hydrochloric acid (1 mL) and water, the mixture was extracted with chloroform/isopropanol, and the organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. To a mixture of the obtained compound and ethyl acetate was added hydrogen chloride (4 M ethyl acetate solution, 1 mL). The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added ethyl acetate. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain 3-{(2R)-4-[5-({4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}carbamoyl)pyrazin-2-yl]-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl}propanoic acid dihydrochloride (33 mg) as a solid.
A mixture of ethyl 3-[4-(5-{[4-(4,5-dimethylthiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]propanoate (400 mg), (2R)-2-methylpyrrolidine (273 mg), a 36% aqueous formaldehyde solution (0.5 mL), and acetic acid (8 mL) was stirred at 60° C. for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate).
To a mixture of the obtained compound (452 mg), ethanol (4 mL), and tetrahydrofuran (4 mL) was added a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (4 mL), followed by stirring at 50° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 1 M hydrochloric acid (4 mL) and water were added thereto. The mixture was extracted from chloroform/isopropanol/tetrahydrofuran, and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. To a mixture of the obtained compound and tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) was added hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 2 mL). The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added diethyl ether (20 mL). The solid was collected by filtration to obtain 3-[4-(5-{[4-(4,5-dimethylthiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid trihydrochloride (440 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of N-(4-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(2R)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide trihydrochloride (300 mg) and N,N-dimethylformamide (5 mL) were added potassium carbonate (300 mg) and ethyl 3-bromopropanoate (0.25 mL), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 1.5 hours. Thereafter, to the reaction mixture were added potassium carbonate (300 mg) and ethyl 3-bromopropanoate (0.25 mL), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 1.5 hours. Again, to the reaction mixture were added potassium carbonate (300 mg) and ethyl 3-bromopropanoate (0.25 mL), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water was added thereto, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate).
To a mixture of the obtained compound (151 mg), tetra hydrofuran (2 mL), and ethanol (2 mL) was added a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1 mL), followed by stirring at 50° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 1 M hydrochloric acid (1 mL) and water (15 mL) were added thereto, followed by extracted with chloroform/isopropanol. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. To a mixture of the obtained compound and tetrahydrofuran (10 mL was added hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 2 mL). The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added diethyl ether. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain 3-[(3R)-4-{5-[(4-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid trihydrochloride (142 mg) as a solid.
To a mixture of N-(4-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(2R)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide trihydrochloride (381 mg) and N,N-dimethylformamide (8 mL) was added potassium carbonate (300 mg), followed by stirring at room temperature for 10 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl bromoacetate (0.09 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours. To the reaction mixture was added ethyl bromoacetate (0.09 mL), followed by stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate).
To a mixture of the obtained compound (211 mg), tetrahydrofuran (3 mL), and ethanol (3 mL) was added a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1.5 mL), followed by stirring at 50° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 1 M hydrochloric acid (1.5 mL) and water (15 mL) were added thereto, followed by extraction with chloroform/isopropanol. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), and hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 2 mL) was added thereto. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added diethyl ether. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain [(3R)-4-{5-[(4-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]pyrazin-2-yl}-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]acetic acid trihydrochloride (185 mg).
To a mixture of 5-[(diethylamino)methyl]-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (820 mg), triethylamine (2 mL), and cyclopentylmethyl ether (16 mL) was added 5-chloropyrazine-2-carbonylchloride (590 mg), followed by stirring at room temperature for 20 hours. To the reaction mixture was added water (500 mL), followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain a solid (1.0 g). To a mixture of the obtained compound (200 mg) and N-methylpyrrolidone (4 mL) were added ethyl 3-[(2R)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoate dihydrochloride (168 mg) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.5 mL), followed by stirring at 80° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and water and ethyl acetate were added thereto. The organic layer was separated, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate).
To a mixture of the obtained compound (249 mg), ethanol (4 mL), and tetrahydrofuran (4 mL) was added a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2 mL), followed by stirring at 50° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 1 M hydrochloric acid (2 mL) and water (20 mL) were added thereto. The mixture was extracted with chloroform/isopropanol, and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), and hydrogen chloride (4 M dioxane solution, 2 mL) was added thereto. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added diethyl ether. The solid was collected by filtration to obtain 3-{(2R)-4-[5-({5-[(diethylamino)methyl]-4-[3-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}carbamoyl)pyrazine-2-yl]-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl}propanoic acid dihydrochloride (251 mg) as a solid.
3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-Chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid (500 mg) and maleic acid (148 mg) were dissolved in 2-butanone (0.5 mL) and dimethylsulfoxide (0.5 mL) under stirring at 60° C. To the solution was added 2-butanone (4.0 mL), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the mixture was left to be slowly cooled to room temperature and stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 3-[(2S)-4-(5-{[4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-{[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]carbamoyl}pyrazin-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]propanoic acid dimalate dimaleate (378 mg) as a white crystal.
The crystals obtained in the present Examples have peaks of powder X-ray diffraction at 2θ (°) 5.7, 6.6, 10.5, 12.0, 13.3, 15.8, 16.6, 17.3, 19.0, and 26.2.
The compounds of Preparation Examples and Examples shown in Tables below were produced in the same manner as the methods in Preparation Examples or Examples as described above.
TABLE 5
PEx
Structure
1
##STR00009##
2
##STR00010##
3
##STR00011##
4
##STR00012##
5
##STR00013##
TABLE 6
PEx
Structure
6
##STR00014##
7
##STR00015##
8
##STR00016##
9
##STR00017##
10
##STR00018##
TABLE 7
PEx
Structure
11
##STR00019##
12
##STR00020##
13
##STR00021##
14
##STR00022##
15
##STR00023##
TABLE 8
PEx
Structure
16
##STR00024##
17
##STR00025##
18
##STR00026##
19
##STR00027##
20
##STR00028##
TABLE 9
PEx
Structure
21
##STR00029##
22
##STR00030##
23
##STR00031##
24
##STR00032##
25
##STR00033##
TABLE 10
PEx
Structure
26
##STR00034##
27
##STR00035##
28
##STR00036##
29
##STR00037##
30
##STR00038##
31
##STR00039##
32
##STR00040##
TABLE 11
PEx
Structure
33
##STR00041##
34
##STR00042##
35
##STR00043##
36
##STR00044##
37
##STR00045##
38
##STR00046##
39
##STR00047##
40
##STR00048##
TABLE 12
PEx
Structure
41
##STR00049##
42
##STR00050##
43
##STR00051##
44
##STR00052##
45
##STR00053##
46
##STR00054##
TABLE 13
PEx
Structure
47
##STR00055##
48
##STR00056##
49
##STR00057##
50
##STR00058##
TABLE 14
PEx
Structure
51
##STR00059##
52
##STR00060##
53
##STR00061##
54
##STR00062##
TABLE 15
PEx
Structure
55
##STR00063##
56
##STR00064##
57
##STR00065##
58
##STR00066##
TABLE 16
PEx
Structure
59
##STR00067##
60
##STR00068##
61
##STR00069##
62
##STR00070##
TABLE 17
PEx
Structure
63
##STR00071##
64
##STR00072##
65
##STR00073##
66
##STR00074##
TABLE 18
PEx
Structure
67
##STR00075##
68
##STR00076##
69
##STR00077##
70
##STR00078##
71
##STR00079##
TABLE 20
PEx
Structure
77
##STR00080##
78
##STR00081##
79
##STR00082##
80
##STR00083##
81
##STR00084##
TABLE 19
PEx
Structure
72
##STR00085##
73
##STR00086##
74
##STR00087##
75
##STR00088##
76
##STR00089##
TABLE 21
PEx
Structure
82
##STR00090##
83
##STR00091##
84
##STR00092##
85
##STR00093##
86
##STR00094##
TABLE 22
PEx
Structure
87
##STR00095##
88
##STR00096##
89
##STR00097##
90
##STR00098##
TABLE 23
PEx
Structure
91
##STR00099##
92
##STR00100##
93
##STR00101##
94
##STR00102##
TABLE 24
PEx
Structure
95
##STR00103##
96
##STR00104##
97
##STR00105##
98
##STR00106##
TABLE 25
PEx
Structure
99
##STR00107##
100
##STR00108##
101
##STR00109##
102
##STR00110##
TABLE 26
PEx
Structure
103
##STR00111##
104
##STR00112##
105
##STR00113##
106
##STR00114##
PEx
Structure
107
##STR00115##
108
##STR00116##
109
##STR00117##
110
##STR00118##
111
##STR00119##
TABLE 28
PEx
Structure
112
##STR00120##
113
##STR00121##
114
##STR00122##
115
##STR00123##
TABLE 29
PEx
Structure
116
##STR00124##
117
##STR00125##
118
##STR00126##
119
##STR00127##
120
##STR00128##
TABLE 30
PEx
Structure
121
##STR00129##
122
##STR00130##
123
##STR00131##
124
##STR00132##
125
##STR00133##
126
##STR00134##
TABLE 31
PEx
Structure
127
##STR00135##
128
##STR00136##
129
##STR00137##
130
##STR00138##
TABLE 32
PEx
Structure
131
##STR00139##
132
##STR00140##
133
##STR00141##
134
##STR00142##
TABLE 33
PEx
Structure
135
##STR00143##
136
##STR00144##
137
##STR00145##
138
##STR00146##
TABLE 34
PEx
Structure
139
##STR00147##
140
##STR00148##
141
##STR00149##
142
##STR00150##
143
##STR00151##
TABLE 35
PEx
Structure
144
##STR00152##
145
##STR00153##
146
##STR00154##
147
##STR00155##
TABLE 36
PEx
Structure
148
##STR00156##
149
##STR00157##
150
##STR00158##
151
##STR00159##
152
##STR00160##
TABLE 37
PEx
Structure
153
##STR00161##
154
##STR00162##
155
##STR00163##
156
##STR00164##
157
##STR00165##
TABLE 38
PEx
Structure
158
##STR00166##
159
##STR00167##
160
##STR00168##
161
##STR00169##
162
##STR00170##
163
##STR00171##
TABLE 39
PEx
Structure
164
##STR00172##
165
##STR00173##
166
##STR00174##
167
##STR00175##
168
##STR00176##
TABLE 40
PEx
Structure
169
##STR00177##
170
##STR00178##
171
##STR00179##
172
##STR00180##
173
##STR00181##
TABLE 41
PEx
Structure
174
##STR00182##
175
##STR00183##
176
##STR00184##
177
##STR00185##
TABLE 42
PEx
Structure
178
##STR00186##
179
##STR00187##
180
##STR00188##
181
##STR00189##
182
##STR00190##
TABLE 43
PEx
Structure
183
##STR00191##
184
##STR00192##
185
##STR00193##
186
##STR00194##
187
##STR00195##
TABLE 44
PEx
Structure
188
##STR00196##
189
##STR00197##
190
##STR00198##
191
##STR00199##
192
##STR00200##
193
##STR00201##
TABLE 45
PEx
Structure
194
##STR00202##
195
##STR00203##
196
##STR00204##
197
##STR00205##
198
##STR00206##
199
##STR00207##
TABLE 46
PEx
Structure
200
##STR00208##
201
##STR00209##
202
##STR00210##
203
##STR00211##
204
##STR00212##
205
##STR00213##
TABLE 47
PEx
Structure
206
##STR00214##
207
##STR00215##
208
##STR00216##
209
##STR00217##
210
##STR00218##
211
##STR00219##
212
##STR00220##
TABLE 48
PEx
Structure
213
##STR00221##
214
##STR00222##
215
##STR00223##
216
##STR00224##
217
##STR00225##
TABLE 49
PEx
Structure
218
##STR00226##
219
##STR00227##
220
##STR00228##
221
##STR00229##
222
##STR00230##
TABLE 50
PEx
Structure
223
##STR00231##
224
##STR00232##
225
##STR00233##
226
##STR00234##
TABLE 51
PEx
Structure
227
##STR00235##
228
##STR00236##
229
##STR00237##
230
##STR00238##
231
##STR00239##
TABLE 52
PEx
Structure
232
##STR00240##
233
##STR00241##
234
##STR00242##
235
##STR00243##
TABLE 53
PEx
Structure
236
##STR00244##
237
##STR00245##
238
##STR00246##
239
##STR00247##
TABLE 54
PEx
Structure
240
##STR00248##
241
##STR00249##
242
##STR00250##
243
##STR00251##
TABLE 55
PEx
Structure
244
##STR00252##
245
##STR00253##
246
##STR00254##
247
##STR00255##
TABLE 56
PEx
Structure
248
##STR00256##
249
##STR00257##
250
##STR00258##
251
##STR00259##
TABLE 57
PEx
Structure
252
##STR00260##
253
##STR00261##
254
##STR00262##
255
##STR00263##
256
##STR00264##
257
##STR00265##
TABLE 58
PEx
Structure
258
##STR00266##
259
##STR00267##
260
##STR00268##
261
##STR00269##
262
##STR00270##
263
##STR00271##
264
##STR00272##
TABLE 59
PEx
Structure
265
##STR00273##
266
##STR00274##
267
##STR00275##
268
##STR00276##
269
##STR00277##
270
##STR00278##
271
##STR00279##
TABLE 60
PEx
Structure
272
##STR00280##
273
##STR00281##
274
##STR00282##
275
##STR00283##
276
##STR00284##
277
##STR00285##
278
##STR00286##
TABLE 61
PEx
Structure
279
##STR00287##
280
##STR00288##
281
##STR00289##
282
##STR00290##
283
##STR00291##
TABLE 62
PEx
Structure
284
##STR00292##
285
##STR00293##
TABLE 63
PEx
PSyn
Data
1
PEx1
ESI+: 500, 502
2
PEx2
APCI/ESI+: 488
3
PEx3
NMR-DMSO-d6: 7.55 (1H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 7.60 (1H, d,
J = 1.5 Hz), 7.76 (1H, s), 8.98 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 9.15
(1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 12.68 (1H, brs)
4
PEx4
ESI+: 265
5
PEx5
ESI+: 360
6
PEx6
ESI+: 374
7
PEx7
ESI+: 348
8
PEx8
ESI+: 564
9
PEx9
ESI+: 201
10
PEx10
ESI+: 100
11
PEx11
ESI+: 390
12
PEx12
ESI+: 418, 420
13
PEx13
ESI+: 377
14
PEx14
ESI+: 593, 585
15
PEx15
ESI+: 389
16
PEx16
ESI+: 402
17
PEx17
ESI+: 328
18
PEx18
ESI+: 618
19
PEx19
ESI+: 305
20
PEx20
ESI+: 313, 315
21
PEx21
ESI+: 664
22
PEx22
ESI+: 604
23
PEx23
ESI+: 233
24
PEx24
ESI+: 501
25
PEx25
ESI+: 650
26
PEx26
ESI+: 247
27
PEx27
ESI+: 200
28
PEx28
ESI+: 287
29
PEx29
ESI+: 521, 523
30
PEx30
ESI+: 263
31
PEx31
CI+: 195
32
PEx32
ESI+: 220
TABLE 64
PEx
PSyn
Data
33
PEx33
ESI+: 219
34
PEx34
ESI+: 222
35
PEx35
ESI+: 250
36
PEx36
CI+: 256, 258
37
PEx37
ESI+: 247
38
PEx38
EI: 228
39
PEx39
APCI/ESI+: 167
40
PEx40
EI: 266, 268
41
PEx41
ESI+: 237
42
PEx42
ESI+: 311
43
PEx43
ESI+: 590
44
PEx44
ESI+: 378 [M + Na]+
45
PEx45
ESI+: 301
46
PEx1
ESI+: 512, 514
47
PEx1
ESI+: 512
48
PEx1
ESI+: 454
49
PEx1
ESI+: 512
50
PEx1
ESI+: 526, 528
51
PEx1
ESI+: 540, 542
52
PEx1
ESI+: 540, 542
53
PEx1
ESI+: 554, 556
54
PEx1
ESI+: 516, 518
55
PEx1
ESI+: 500
56
PEx1
ESI+: 514, 516
57
PEx1
ESI+: 516, 518
58
PEx1
ESI+: 522
59
PEx1
ESI+: 496, 498
60
PEx1
ESI+: 522, 524
61
PEx1
ESI+: 536, 538
62
PEx1
ESI+: 496, 498
63
PEx1
ESI+: 540, 542
64
PEx1
ESI+: 530
65
PEx1
ESI+: 496
66
PEx1
ESI+: 548
TABLE 65
PEx
PSyn
Data
67
PEx1
ESI+: 540
68
PEx2
ESI+: 468
69
PEx2
ESI+: 454, 456
70
PEx2
ESI+: 560, 562
71
PEx2
ESI+: 510, 512
72
PEx2
ESI+: 510, 512
73
PEx2
ESI+: 496, 498
74
PEx2
ESI+: 510, 512
75
PEx2
APCI/ESI+: 460
76
PEx2
ESI+: 588, 590
77
PEx2
APCI/ESI+: 498
78
PEx3
ESI+: 434, 436
79
PEx3
ESI+: 448, 450
80
PEx3
ESI+: 514, 516
81
PEx3
ESI+: 514, 516
82
PEx3
ESI+: 502, 504
83
PEx3
ESI+: 502, 504
84
PEx3
ESI+: 500, 502
85
PEx3
ESI+: 514, 516
86
PEx3
ESI+: 502, 504
87
PEx3
ESI+: 554, 556
88
PEx3
ESI+: 468, 470
89
PEx3
ESI+: 513, 515
90
PEx3
ESI+: 415, 417
91
PEx5
ESI+: 372
92
PEx5
ESI−: 312
93
PEx5
ESI+: 372
94
PEx5
ESI+: 376, 378
95
PEx5
ESI+: 360
96
PEx5
ESI+: 374
97
PEx5
ESI+: 400
98
PEx5
ESI+: 356
99
PEx5
ESI+: 382
100
PEx5
ESI+: 396
TABLE 66
PEx
PSyn
Data
101
PEx5
ESI+: 356
102
PEx5
ESI+: 382
103
PEx5
NMR-DMSO-d6: 1.11 (3H, d, J = 6 Hz), 1.30-1.41 (1H,
m), 1.59-1.69 (2H, m), 1.87-1.98 (1H, m), 2.05-2.15 (1H,
m), 2.35-2.45 (1H, m), 2.94-3.02 (1H, m), 3.18 (1H, d, J =
14 Hz), 3.97 (3H, d, J = 2 Hz), 3.98 (1H, d, J = 14 Hz),
6.98 (2H, brs), 7.87 (1H, brs), 8.02 (1H, dd, J = 13, 2 Hz)
104
PEx5
NMR-DMSO-d6: 1.14 (3H, d, J = 6 Hz), 1.30-1.42 (1H,
m), 1.58-1.70 (2H, m), 1.87-1.98 (1H, m), 2.04-2.14 (1H,
m), 2.34-2.44 (1H, m), 2.95-3.03 (1H, m), 3.14 (1H, d, J =
14 Hz), 3.91 (3H, d, J = 1 Hz), 3.98 (1H, d, J = 14 Hz),
6.93 (2H, brs), 7.63 (1H, dd, J = 13, 2 Hz), 7.72 (1H, t,
J = 2 Hz)
105
PEx5
NMR-DMSO-d6: 1.08 (3H, d, J = 6 Hz), 1.29-1.41 (1H,
m), 1.58-1.70 (2H, m), 1.86-1.97 (1H, m), 2.05-2.17 (1H,
m), 2.34-2.45 (1H, m), 2.94-3.03 (1H, m), 3.22 (1H, d, J =
14 Hz), 3.96 (1H, d, J = 14 Hz), 6.96 (2H, brs), 7.42 (1H,
t, J = 73 Hz), 7.48 (1H, d, J = 9 Hz), 8.04 (1H, dd, J = 9,
2 Hz), 8.14 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz)
106
PEx5
ESI+: 400
107
PEx5
ESI+: 370
108
PEx5
ESI+: 370
109
PEx5
ESI+: 356
110
PEx5
ESI+: 370
111
PEx5
ESI+: 420, 422
112
PEx5
ESI+: 448, 450
113
PEx6
ESI+: 374
114
PEx6
ESI+: 362
115
PEx6
ESI+: 362
116
PEx7
ESI+: 376, 378
117
PEx7
ESI+: 360
118
PEx7
ESI+: 376
119
PEx7
ESI+: 392
120
PEx7
ESI+: 374
121
PEx7
ESI+: 414
122
PEx9
ESI+: 201
TABLE 67
PEx
PSyn
Data
123
PEx9
ESI+: 201
124
PEx9
ESI+: 201
125
PEx9
ESI+: 187
126
PEx11
ESI+: 414
127
PEx11
ESI+: 356
128
PEx11
ESI+: 414
129
PEx11
ESI+: 416
130
PEx11
ESI+: 398
131
PEx11
ESI+: 424
132
PEx11
ESI+: 438
133
PEx11
ESI+: 398
134
PEx11
ESI+: 442
135
PEx11
ESI+: 424
136
PEx11
APCI/ESI+: 432
137
PEx11
APCI/ESI+: 398
138
PEx11
ESI+: 450
139
PEx11
ESI+: 442
140
PEx11
ESI+: 412
141
PEx11
ESI+: 412
142
PEx11
ESI+: 398
143
PEx11
ESI+: 412
144
PEx11
ESI+: 462, 464
145
PEx11
ESI+: 490, 492
146
PEx11
ESI+: 416
147
PEx11
ESI+: 416
148
PEx11
ESI+: 404
149
PEx11
ESI+: 404
150
PEx11
ESI+: 402
151
PEx18
ESI+: 632, 634
152
PEx11
ESI+: 418
153
PEx11
ESI+: 434
154
PEx11
ESI+: 416
155
PEx11
ESI+: 456
156
PEx12
ESI+: 418, 420
TABLE 68
PEx
PSyn
Data
157
PEx13
ESI+: 389
158
PEx13
ESI+: 331
159
PEx13
ESI+: 389
160
PEx13
ESI+: 393
161
PEx13
ESI+: 359
162
PEx13
ESI+: 399
163
PEx13
ESI+: 373
164
PEx13
ESI+: 399
165
PEx13
APCI/ESI+: 407
166
PEx13
APCI/ESI+: 373
167
PEx13
ESI+: 425
168
PEx13
ESI+: 417
169
PEx13
ESI+: 437, 439
170
PEx13
ESI+: 393, 395
171
PEx14
ESI+: 593, 595
172
PEx16
ESI+: 402
173
PEx17
ESI+: 372
174
PEx17
ESI+: 386
175
PEx17
ESI+: 400
176
PEx17
ESI+: 400
177
PEx17
ESI+: 414
178
PEx17
ESI+: 294
179
PEx17
ESI+: 308
180
PEx17
ESI+: 314
181
PEx17
APCI/ESI+: 320
182
PEx17
APCI/ESI+: 348
183
PEx17
APCI/ESI+: 358, 360
184
PEx17
ESI+: 362
185
PEx17
ESI+: 373
186
PEx17
ESI+: 328, 330
187
PEx18
ESI−: 510
188
PEx18
ESI+: 526
189
PEx19
ESI+: 321
190
PEx19
ESI+: 317
TABLE 69
PEx
PSyn
Data
191
PEx19
ESI+: 317
192
PEx19
ESI+: 259
193
PEx19
ESI+: 321
194
PEx19
ESI+: 317
195
PEx19
ESI+: 305
196
PEx19
ESI+: 287
197
PEx19
ESI+: 327
198
PEx19
ESI+: 301
199
PEx19
ESI+: 327
200
PEx19
ESI+: 335
201
PEx19
ESI+: 301
202
PEx19
ESI+: 353
203
PEx19
ESI+: 345
204
PEx19
ESI+: 365, 367
205
PEx20
NMR-DMSO-d6: 3.87 (3H, s), 8.01 (1H, s), 8.05 (2H, s)
206
PEx20
ESI+: 385
207
PEx20
ESI+: 399
208
PEx20
ESI+: 293
209
PEx20
ESI+: 313, 315
210
PEx20
APCI/ESI+: 319
211
PEx20
APCI/ESI+: 347
212
PEx20
APCI/ESI+: 357
213
PEx20
ESI+: 372
214
PEx21
NMR-DMSO-d6: 1.13-1.26 (9H, m), 1.34-1.45 (1H, m),
1.60-1.76 (2H, m), 1.90-2.12 (2H, m), 2.16-2.28 (2H,
m), 2.45-2.70 (5H, m), 2.78-2.85 (1H, m), 2.92-2.99
(1H, m), 3.00-3.07 (1H, m), 3.10-3.22 (1H, m), 3.55-
3.62 (1H, m), 4.01-4.14 (2H, m), 4.15-4.23 (1H, m),
4.26-4.35 (1H, m), 4.66-4.78 (1H, m), 7.45 (1H, d, J =
1.5 Hz), 7.58 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 8.32 (1H, d, J = 1.1
Hz), 8.75 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 11.57 (1H, s)
215
PEx21
ESI−: 616
216
PEx22
ESI+: 604
217
PEx22
ESI+: 604
218
PEx24
ESI+: 541, 543
TABLE 70
PEx
PSyn
Data
219
PEx24
ESI+: 523
220
PEx29
ESI+: 676
221
PEx29
ESI+: 666, 668
222
PEx29
ESI+: 666, 668
223
PEx29
ESI+: 652, 654
224
PEx29
ESI+: 652, 654
225
PEx29
ESI+: 666, 668
226
PEx29
ESI+: 664
227
PEx29
ESI+: 666, 668
228
PEx29
ESI+: 664
229
PEx29
ESI+: 690
230
PEx29
ESI+: 618, 620
231
PEx29
ESI+: 618
232
PEx29
ESI+: 664
233
PEx29
ESI+: 690
234
PEx29
ESI+: 618
235
PEx29
ESI+: 618
236
PEx29
ESI+: 710, 712
237
PEx29
ESI+: 632, 634
238
PEx29
ESI+: 632, 634
239
PEx29
ESI+: 738, 740
240
PEx29
ESI+: 752, 754
241
PEx29
ESI+: 752, 754
242
PEx29
ESI+: 752, 754
243
PEx29
ESI+: 738, 740
244
PEx29
ESI+: 724, 726
245
PEx29
ESI+: 724, 726
246
PEx29
ESI−: 519, 521
247
PEx29
ESI+: 664
248
PEx29
ESI+: 650
249
PEx29
ESI+: 663
250
PEx30
ESI+: 245
251
PEx30
ESI+: 279
252
PEx30
ESI+: 279, 281
TABLE 71
PEx
PSyn
Data
253
PEx30
ESI+: 263
254
PEx30
ESI+: 275
255
PEx30
ESI+: 275
256
PEx30
ESI+: 303
257
PEx30
ESI+: 303
258
PEx30
ESI+: 259, 261
259
PEx30
ESI+: 275
260
PEx30
ESI+: 285
261
PEx30
ESI+: 293
262
PEx30
ESI+: 275
263
PEx30
ESI+: 289
264
PEx30
ESI+: 285
265
PEx30
ESI+: 259
266
PEx30
ESI+: 323, 325
267
PEx30
ESI+: 197
268
PEx30
ESI+: 217, 219
269
PEx30
APCI/ESI+: 223
270
PEx30
APCI/ESI+: 251
271
PEx30
ESI+: 211
272
PEx30
ESI+: 233
273
PEx30
ESI+: 251, 253
274
PEx30
APCI/ESI+: 261, 263
275
PEx30
ESI+: 276
276
PEx38
EI: 228
277
PEx40
ESI+: 155
278
PEx40
EI: 194, 196
279
PEx41
EI: 202
280
PEx43
ESI+: 604
281
PEx43
ESI+: 604
282
PEx43
ESI+: 618
283
PEx45
ESI+: 301
284
PEx45
ESI+: 301
285
PEx45
ESI+: 301
TABLE 72
Ex
Structure
1
##STR00294##
2
##STR00295##
3
##STR00296##
4
##STR00297##
5
##STR00298##
TABLE 73
Ex
Structure
6
##STR00299##
7
##STR00300##
8
##STR00301##
9
##STR00302##
TABLE 74
Ex
Structure
10
##STR00303##
11
##STR00304##
12
##STR00305##
13
##STR00306##
TABLE 75
Ex
Structure
14
##STR00307##
15
##STR00308##
16
##STR00309##
17
##STR00310##
TABLE 76
Ex
Structure
18
##STR00311##
19
##STR00312##
20
##STR00313##
21
##STR00314##
22
##STR00315##
TABLE 77
Ex
Structure
23
##STR00316##
24
##STR00317##
25
##STR00318##
26
##STR00319##
27
##STR00320##
TABLE 78
Ex
Structure
28
##STR00321##
29
##STR00322##
30
##STR00323##
31
##STR00324##
32
##STR00325##
TABLE 79
Ex
Structure
33
##STR00326##
34
##STR00327##
35
##STR00328##
36
##STR00329##
TABLE 80
Ex
Structure
37
##STR00330##
38
##STR00331##
39
##STR00332##
40
##STR00333##
TABLE 81
Ex
Structure
41
##STR00334##
42
##STR00335##
43
##STR00336##
44
##STR00337##
TABLE 82
Ex
Structure
45
##STR00338##
46
##STR00339##
47
##STR00340##
48
##STR00341##
TABLE 83
Ex
Structure
49
##STR00342##
50
##STR00343##
51
##STR00344##
52
##STR00345##
TABLE 84
Ex
Structure
53
##STR00346##
54
##STR00347##
55
##STR00348##
56
##STR00349##
TABLE 85
Ex
Structure
57
##STR00350##
58
##STR00351##
59
##STR00352##
60
##STR00353##
TABLE 86
Ex
Structure
61
##STR00354##
62
##STR00355##
63
##STR00356##
64
##STR00357##
TABLE 87
Ex
Structure
65
##STR00358##
66
##STR00359##
67
##STR00360##
68
##STR00361##
TABLE 88
Ex
Structure
69
##STR00362##
70
##STR00363##
71
##STR00364##
72
##STR00365##
TABLE 89
Ex
Structure
73
##STR00366##
74
##STR00367##
75
##STR00368##
76
##STR00369##
77
##STR00370##
TABLE 90
Ex
Structure
78
##STR00371##
79
##STR00372##
80
##STR00373##
81
##STR00374##
82
##STR00375##
TABLE 91
Ex
Structure
83
##STR00376##
84
##STR00377##
85
##STR00378##
86
##STR00379##
87
##STR00380##
TABLE 92
Ex
Structure
88
##STR00381##
89
##STR00382##
90
##STR00383##
91
##STR00384##
92
##STR00385##
TABLE 93
Ex
Structure
93
##STR00386##
94
##STR00387##
95
##STR00388##
96
##STR00389##
97
##STR00390##
TABLE 94
Ex
Structure
98
##STR00391##
99
##STR00392##
100
##STR00393##
101
##STR00394##
102
##STR00395##
TABLE 95
Ex
Structure
103
##STR00396##
104
##STR00397##
105
##STR00398##
106
##STR00399##
TABLE 96
Ex
Structure
107
##STR00400##
108
##STR00401##
109
##STR00402##
110
##STR00403##
111
##STR00404##
TABLE 97
Ex
Structure
112
##STR00405##
113
##STR00406##
114
##STR00407##
115
##STR00408##
TABLE 98
Ex
Structure
116
##STR00409##
117
##STR00410##
118
##STR00411##
119
##STR00412##
TABLE 99
Ex
Structure
120
##STR00413##
121
##STR00414##
122
##STR00415##
123
##STR00416##
124
##STR00417##
TABLE 100
Ex
Structure
125
##STR00418##
126
##STR00419##
127
##STR00420##
128
##STR00421##
129
##STR00422##
130
##STR00423##
TABLE 101
Ex
Structure
131
##STR00424##
132
##STR00425##
133
##STR00426##
134
##STR00427##
TABLE 102
Ex
Structure
135
##STR00428##
136
##STR00429##
137
##STR00430##
138
##STR00431##
TABLE 103
Ex
Structure
139
##STR00432##
140
##STR00433##
141
##STR00434##
142
##STR00435##
TABLE 104
Ex
Structure
143
##STR00436##
144
##STR00437##
TABLE 105
Ex.
Syn.
Data
1
Ex1
ESI+: 592, 592
NMR-DMSO-d6: 1.20-1.52 (6H, m), 1.60-1.81 (1H, m), 1.85-
2.03 (2H, m), 2.15-2.29 (1H, m), 2.77-300 (2H, m), 3.09-
3.75 (9H, m), 3.75-4.77 (5H, m), 4.84-4.97 (1H, m), 7.65-
7.71 (1H, m), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 8.48-8.56 (1H, m),
8.79-8.85 (1H, m), 10.60-11.20 (1H, m), 11.45-11.84 (1H,
m), 12.20-12.38 (1H, m)
2
Ex2
ESI+: 657
3
Ex3
ESI+: 624
NMR-DMSO-d6, 1.40-1.54 (6H, m), 1.61-1.75 (1H, m), 1.84-
2.04 (2H, m), 2.16-2.28 (1H, m), 2.84-3.12 (3H, m), 3.16-
3.30 (3H, m), 3.46-3.62 (6H, m), 4.55-4.72 (2H, m), 4.94
(1H, d, J = 15 Hz), 5.05 (1H, brs), 7.95 (1H, s), 8.40 (1H, t,
J = 1 Hz), 8.47 (1H, s), 8.85 (1H, d, J = 1 Hz), 10.6 (1H,
brs), 11.1 (1H, brs), 12.4 (1H, s), 12.7 (1H, brs)
4
Ex4
ESI+: 632
5
Ex5
ESI+: 548, 550 (M − H)−
6
Ex6
ESI+: 570
7
Ex7
ESI+: 662
8
Ex8
ESI+: 648
9
Ex9
ESI+: 624
NMR-DMSO-d6, 1.05-1.15 (6H, m), 1.20-1.52 (3H, m), 2.75-
4.20 (14H, m), 4.40-4.80 (4H, m), 7.80-7.87 (1H, m), 7.88-
7.96 (2H, m), 8.53 (1H, s), 8.84 (1H, s), 10.63 (1H, brs),
11.33-11.76 (1H, m), 12.30-12.42 (1H, m)
10
Ex1
ESI+: 648
11
Ex1
ESI+: 638, 640
12
Ex1
ESI+: 638, 640
13
Ex1
ESI+: 624
14
Ex1
ESI+: 624
15
Ex1
ESI+: 638
16
Ex1
ESI+: 638, 640
17
Ex1
ESI+: 636
18
Ex1
ESI+: 663
19
Ex1
ESI+: 590
20
Ex1
ESI+: 590, 592
21
Ex1
ESI+: 636
TABLE 106
Ex.
Syn.
Data
22
Ex1
ESI+: 576, 578
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.34-1.50 (6H, m), 1.62-1.73 (1H, m), 1.84-
2.02 (2H, m), 2.17-2.28 (1H, m), 2.92-4.27 (13H, m), 4.55-
4.69 (2H, m), 4.87-4.96 (1H, m), 5.04 (1H, brs), 7.68 (1H, d,
J = 1.4 Hz), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 1.4 Hz), 8.43 (1H, s), 8.84 (1H,
d, J = 1.2 Hz), 10.57 (1H, brs), 12.32 (1H, s)
23
Ex1
ESI+: 662
24
Ex1
ESI+: 576, 578
25
Ex1
ESI+: 590
26
Ex1
ESI+: 576
27
Ex1
ESI+: 682, 684
28
Ex1
ESI+: 604
NMR-DMSO-d6; 0.89 (3H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.47 (3H, d, J =
7.1 Hz), 1.60-1.74 (2H, m), 1.83-2.01 (3H, m), 2.16-2.26
(1H, m), 2.85-3.01 (14H, m), 4.58-4.77 (2H, m), 4.87-4.96
(1H, m), 5.02-5.11 (1H, m), 7.70 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 7.74
(1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 8.47 (1H, s), 8.84 (1H, d, J = 1.1 Hz),
10.59 (1H, brs), 11.11 (1H, brs), 12.32 (1H, s)
29
Ex1
ESI+: 604
28
Ex1
ESI+: 636
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.36 (3H, t, J = 6.4 Hz), 1.44 (3H, d, J =
7.1 Hz), 1.59-1.69 (1H, m), 1.85-1.96 (2H, m), 2.14-2.22
(1H, m), 2.87-3.20 (4H, m), 3.20-3.74 (9H, m), 4.47-4.53
(1H, m), 4.61-4.69 (1H, m), 4.79-4.85 (1H, m), 5.03-5.10
(1H, m), 7.80-7.85 (1H, m), 7.91-7.96 (2H, m), 8.47 (1H, s),
8.86 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 10.48 (1H, brs), 10.76 (1H, brs)
12.34-12.38 (1H, m)
31
Ex1
ESI+: 604
NMR-DMSO-d6; 0.89 (3H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.18-1.52 (3H, m),
1.58-1.75 (2H, m), 1.81-2.02 (3H, m), 2.14-2.27 (1H, m),
2.78-2.95 (2H, m), 3.07-3.98 (10H, m), 4.37-4.78 (3H, m),
4.85-4.98 (1H, m), 7.69 (1H, s), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz),
8.52 (1H, s), 8.80-8.84 (1H, m), 10.59 (1H, brs), 11.29-11.79
(1H, m), 12.32 (3H, s), 12.50-13.07 (1H, m)
TABLE 107
Ex.
Syn.
Data
32
Ex1
ESI+: 622
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.14-1.51 (6H, m), 1.61-1.78 (1H, m), 1.83-
2.00 (2H, m), 2.11-2.24 (1H, m), 3.00-4.30 (12H, m), 4.48
(1H, dd, J = 7.4, 14.8 Hz), 4.64 (1H, d, J = 14.0 Hz), 4.76
(1H, d, J = 14.5 Hz), 5.07 (1H, brs), 7.77-7.83 (1H, m), 7.90-
8.04 (2H, m), 8.41-8.48 (1H, m), 8.85 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz),
11.05-11.60 (1H, m), 12.28-12.42 (1H, m)
33
Ex1
ESI+: 635
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.36 (3H, d, J = 6.3 Hz), 1.59-1.69 (1H,
m), 1.83-1.97 (2H, m), 2.13-2.22 (1H, m), 2.85-2.89 (2H, m),
3.03-3.78 (11H, m), 4.67 (3H, s), 4.39-4.87 (4H, m), 8.38-
8.41 (1H, m), 8.49-8.52 (1H, m), 8.75-8.80 (1H, m), 8.84
(1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 10.50 (1H, brs), 10.76-11.73 (1H, m),
12.34 (1H, s), 12.40-12.90 (1H, br)
34
Ex2
ESI+: 629
35
Ex2
ESI+: 671
36
Ex2
ESI+: 671
37
Ex2
ESI+: 671
38
Ex2
ESI+: 657
39
Ex2
ESI+: 643
40
Ex2
ESI+: 643
41
Ex3
ESI+: 634
42
Ex3
ESI+: 646 [M − H]−
43
Ex3
ESI+: 634, 636
44
Ex3
ESI+: 634
45
Ex3
ESI+: 620, 622
46
Ex3
ESI+: 634
47
Ex3
ESI+: 620
48
Ex3
ESI+: 634
49
Ex3
ESI+: 622
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.34-1.40 (3H, m), 1.58-1.76 (1H, m), 1.83-
1.97 (2H, m), 2.11-2.23 (1H, m), 2.90 (2H, t, J = 7.6 Hz),
3.03-3.97 (13H, m), 4.42-4.56 (1H, m), 4.60-4.87 (3H, m),
7.79-7.85 (1H, m), 7.91-8.00 (2H, m), 8.51 (1H, d, J =
1.2 Hz), 8.85 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 10.75 (1H, brs), 11.05-
11.45 (1H, m), 12.33-12.41 (1H, m)
TABLE 108
Ex.
Syn.
Data
50
Ex3
ESI+: 576, 578
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.44 (3H, t, J = 6.5 Hz), 1.62-1.73 (1H,
m), 1.84-2.02 (2H, m), 2.17-2.28 (1H, m), 2.90 (2H, t, J =
7.7 Hz), 3.08-3.23 (3H, m), 3.30-3.39 (2H, m), 3.42-4.07
(8H, m), 4.56-4.77 (3H, m), 4.88-4.96 (1H, m), 7.68 (1H, d,
J = 1.4 Hz), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 1.4 Hz), 8.51 (1H, d, J =
1.2 Hz), 8.83 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 10.45-11.00 (1H, m)
51
Ex3
ESI+: 562
52
Ex9
ESI+: 634
53
Ex3
ESI+: 620
54
Ex3
ESI+: 648
55
Ex3
ESI+: 662
56
Ex3
ESI+: 662
57
Ex3
ESI+: 662
58
Ex3
ESI+: 676
59
Ex3
ESI+: 676
60
Ex3
ESI+: 622
61
Ex3
ESI+: 608
62
Ex3
ESI+: 622
63
Ex3
ESI+: 644
64
Ex3
ESI+: 622
65
Ex3
ESI+: 618
66
Ex3
ESI+: 604
67
Ex3
ESI+: 664
68
Ex3
ESI+: 630
69
Ex3
ESI+: 658
70
Ex3
ESI+: 644
71
Ex3
ESI+: 604
72
Ex3
ESI+: 652
73
Ex3
ESI+: 618
74
Ex3
ESI+: 632, 634
75
Ex3
ESI+: 662
76
Ex3
ESI+: 670
77
Ex3
ESI+: 556
78
Ex3
ESI+: 570
TABLE 109
Ex.
Syn.
Data
79
Ex3
ESI+: 590
80
Ex3
ESI+: 590, 592
NMR-DMSO-d6; 0.89 (3H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.58-1.72 (2H,
m), 1.82-2.02 (3H, m), 2.16-2.27 (1H, m), 2.89 (2H, t, J =
7.6 Hz), 3.06-3.70 (13H, m), 4.60-4.78 (3H, m), 4.89-4.98
(1H, m), 7.69 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 1.4 Hz),
8.51 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 8.84 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 10.43
(1H, brs), 11.30 (1H, brs), 12.35 (1H, s)
81
Ex3
ESI+: 604, 606
82
Ex9
ESI+: 576
83
Ex3
ESI+: 562
84
Ex3
ESI+: 590
85
Ex3
ESI+: 568
86
Ex3
ESI+: 582
87
Ex3
ESI+: 596
88
Ex3
ESI+: 596
89
Ex3
ESI+: 596
90
Ex3
ESI+: 596
91
Ex3
ESI+: 666
92
Ex3
ESI+: 666
93
Ex3
ESI+: 638
94
Ex3
ESI+: 610
95
Ex3
ESI+: 624
96
Ex3
ESI+: 624
97
Ex3
ESI+: 620, 622
98
Ex3
ESI+: 636, 638
99
Ex3
ESI+: 634, 636
100
Ex3
ESI+: 624
101
Ex3
ESI+: 634
102
Ex3
ESI+: 634
103
Ex3
ESI+: 596
104
Ex3
ESI+: 650
105
Ex3
ESI+: 650
106
Ex3
ESI+: 624
TABLE 110
Ex.
Syn.
Data
107
Ex3
ESI+: 624
NMR-DMSO-d6; 0.85 (3H, d, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.90 (3H, d, J =
6.5 Hz), 1.90-2.00 (1H, m), 2.60-2.71 (3H, m), 2.71-2.81
(2H, m), 2.91 (2H, t, J = 7.7 Hz), 3.05-3.25 (2H, m), 3.28-
3.38 (2H, m), 3.49-3.67 (4H, m), 3.80-4.82 (5H, m), 7.82-
7.90 (3H, m), 8.51 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 8.85 (1H , d, J = 1.3
Hz), 10.25 (1H, brs), 11.62 (1H, brs), 12.36 (1H, s)
108
Ex3
ESI+: 622
109
Ex9
ESI+: 610
110
Ex3
ESI+: 636
111
Ex3
ESI+: 624
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.27 (3H, d, J = 6.8 Hz), 1.42 (3H, d, J =
6.5 Hz), 1.55-1.80 (2H, m), 2.12-2.34 (2H, m), 2.92 (2H, t,
J = 7.7 Hz), 3.05-3.25 (2H, m), 3.25-3.40 (2H, m), 3.48-
3.79 (5H, m), 3.82-3.97 (1H, m), 4.51 (1H, dd, J = 7.2,
15.3 Hz), 4.59-4.83 (3H, m), 4.90-6.65 (2H, m), 7.96-7.99
(1H, m), 8.39-8.42 (1H, m), 8.49-8.53 (1H, m), 8.54 (1H,
d, J = 1.3 Hz), 10.99 (1H, brs), 11.75 (1H, brs), 12.37-
(1H, s)
112
Ex3
ESI+: 676
113
Ex3
ESI+: 690
114
Ex3
ESI+: 588, 590 [M − H]−
115
Ex3
ESI+: 602, 604 [M − H]−
116
Ex3
ESI+: 602, 604 [M − H]−
117
Ex3
ESI+: 602, 604 [M − H]−
118
Ex9
ESI+: 610
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.06-1.14 (6H, m), 1.43 (3H, d, J =
6.8 Hz), 2.92-3.15 (4H, m), 3.16-3.45 (2H, m), 3.51-3.75
(4H, m), 3.80-4.84 (6H, m), 4.97-5.24 (1H, m), 7.80-7.86
(1H, m), 7.87-7.97 (2H, m), 8.42-8.48 (1H, m), 8.86 (1H,
d, J = 1.2 Hz), 10.06-11.50 (2H, m), 12.37 (1H, s)
119
Ex3
ESI+: 636
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.21 (3H, d, J = 6.8 Hz), 1.40 (3H, d, J =
6.5 Hz), 1.60-1.71 (2H, m), 2.17-2.30 (2H, m), 2.91 (2H, t,
J = 7.7 Hz), 3.08-3.25 (2H, m), 3.29-3.37 (2H, m), 3.50-
3.70 (4H, m), 3.87-3.98 (1H, m), 4.38 (1H, dd, J = 7.5,
15.3 Hz), 4.50-5.00 (5H, m), 7.79-7.85 (1H, m), 7.94-8.00
(2H, m), 8.51 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 8.85 (1H, d, J =
1.3 Hz), 11.08 (1H, m), 11.63 (1H, brs), 12.37 (1H, s)
TABLE 111
Ex.
Syn.
Data
120
Ex3
ESI+: 622
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.22 (3H, d, J = 6.8 Hz), 1.41 (3H, d, J =
6.5 Hz), 1.57-1.75 (2H, m), 2.12-2.33 (2H, m), 3.11-4.03
(7H, m), 4.26 (2H, s), 4.25-5.21 (7H, m), 7.78-7.83 (1H,
m), 7.95-8.03 (2H, m), 8.50 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 8.85
(1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 10.60-11.70 (2H, m), 12.38 (1H, s)
121
Ex3
ESI+: 650
122
Ex3
ESI+: 632
123
Ex4
ESI+: 604
124
Ex4
ESI+: 632
125
Ex5
ESI−: 576, 578 [M − H]−
126
Ex5
ESI−: 602, 604 [M − H]−
127
Ex5
ESI−: 576, 578 [M − H]−
128
Ex5
ESI−: 588, 590 [M − H]−
129
Ex5
ESI−: 576, 578 [M − H]−
130
Ex5
ESI−: 588, 590 [M − H]−
NMR-DMSO-d6; 0.33-0.54 (2H, m), 0.60-0.72 (2H, m),
1.13-1.50 (4H, m), 2.75-2.81 (3H, m), 2.81-3.07 (3H, m),
3.11-3.74 (7H, m), 3.74-4.94 (7H, m), 7.68 (1H, d, J =
1.4 Hz), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 1.4 Hz), 8.47-8.57 (1H, m),
8.78-8.86 (1H, m), 10.58 (1H, brs), 11.33-11.77 (1H, m),
12.22-12.42 (1H, m)
131
Ex6
ESI+: 610, 612
132
Ex6
ESI+: 592
133
Ex7
ESI+: 676
134
Ex7
ESI+: 676
135
Ex7
ESI+: 690
136
Ex8
ESI+: 662
137
Ex8
ESI+: 676
138
Ex9
ESI+: 638
139
Ex9
ESI+: 654
140
Ex1
ESI+: 636 [M + H]+
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.34-1.41 (3H, m), 1.47 (3H, d, J =
7.0 Hz), 1.60-1.74 (1H, m), 1.86-1.97 (2H, m), 2.11-2.23
(1H, m), 2.81-4.17 (15H, m), 4.43-4.54 (1H, m), 4.61-4.71
(1H, m), 4.75-4.84 (1H, m), 5.01-5.12 (1H, m), 7.79-7.84
(1H, m), 7.91-8.00 (2H, m), 8.45-8.49 (1H, m), 8.85 (1H,
d, J = 1.2 Hz), 10.85 (1H, brs), 10.95-11.31 (1H,
m), 12.30-12.41 (1H, m)
TABLE 112
Ex.
Syn.
Data
141
Ex1
ESI+: 622 [M + H]+
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.34-1.47 (6H, m), 1.60-1.74 (1H, m),
1.86-1.97 (2H, m), 2.11-2.23 (1H, m), 3.10-4.29
(13H, m), 4.42-4.54 (1H, m), 4.57-4.72 (1H, m), 4.74-
4.83 (1H, m), 5.09 (1H, brs), 7.78-7.85 (1H, m), 7.91-
8.02 (2H, m), 8.45 (1H, s), 8.86 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz),
10.75-11.42 (1H, m), 12.32-12.41 (1H, m)
142
Ex3
ESI+: 590, 592 [M + H]+
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.21-1.31 (1H, m), 1.35-1.49 (6H, m),
1.61-1.74 (1H, m), 1.84-2.02 (2H, m), 2.13-2.29
(1H, m), 2.79-2.98 (2H, m), 3.10-3.98 (10H, m),
4.40-4.77 (3H, m), 4.87-4.98 (1H, m), 7.67 (1H, d, J =
1.3 Hz), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 8.52 (1H, s), 8.82
(1H, s), 10.39-10.97 (1H, m), 11.25-11.65 (1H, m),
12.25-12.42 (1H, m), 12.56-13.02 (1H, br)
143
Ex3
ESI+: 604, 606 [M + H]+
NMR-DMSO-d6; 0.89 (3H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22-1.30
(1H, m), 1.40-1.49 (2H, m), 1.59-1.73 (2H, m), 1.83-
2.03 (3H, m), 2.14-2.27 (1H, m), 2.80-2.97 (2H, m),
3.10-3.95 (12H, m), 4.42-4.79 (3H, m), 4.88-4.97 (1H,
m), 7.69 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz),
8.52 (1H, s), 8.83 (1H, s), 10.38-11.04 (1H, m), 11.20-
11.24 (1H, m), 12.21-13.19 (2H, m)
144
Ex144
ESI+: 590, 592 [M + H]+
NMR-DMSO-d6; 1.13-1.45 (6H, m), 1.46-2.29 (4H, m),
2.53-2.70 (2H, m), 2.80-3.84 (14H, m), 4.00-5.18
(4H, m), 6.09 (4H, s), 7.57 (1H, s), 7.71 (1H, s),
8.47 (1H, s), 8.79 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 9.15-10.50
(1H, m), 11.70-12.50 (1H, m)
The compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof is a muscarinic M3 receptor-positive allosteric modulator, and can thus be used as an agent for preventing or treating bladder/urinary tract diseases associated wit bladder contractions via a muscarinic M3 receptor.
Tanaka, Hiroaki, Koike, Takanori, Maeda, Jun, Negoro, Kenji, Takahashi, Taisuke, Takamatsu, Hajime, Yokoyama, Kazuhiro
| Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
| Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
| 7638536, | Jan 18 2002 | Astellas Pharma INC | 2-Acylaminothiazole derivative or salt thereof |
| 8304547, | Oct 24 2007 | Astellas Pharma INC | Azolecarboxamide compound or salt thereof |
| 20020049195, | |||
| 20050277676, | |||
| 20060194844, | |||
| 20100249088, | |||
| 20120028954, | |||
| CN101835764, | |||
| CN103201267, | |||
| CN1835948, | |||
| EM1452525, | |||
| EM2206707, | |||
| JP2001278872, | |||
| JP2003516391, | |||
| JP2006219480, | |||
| JP2006219481, | |||
| JP2006505517, | |||
| JP2013532692, | |||
| WO142213, | |||
| WO3062233, | |||
| WO2004012684, | |||
| WO2004012884, | |||
| WO2005007651, | |||
| WO2012016217, | |||
| WO2014133056, |
| Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
| Apr 23 2020 | Astellas Pharma Inc. | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / | |||
| Nov 22 2022 | Astellas Pharma INC | ASAHI PHARMA CO , LTD | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 062106 | /0892 |
| Date | Maintenance Fee Events |
| Apr 23 2020 | BIG: Entity status set to Undiscounted (note the period is included in the code). |
| Date | Maintenance Schedule |
| Jun 21 2025 | 4 years fee payment window open |
| Dec 21 2025 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
| Jun 21 2026 | patent expiry (for year 4) |
| Jun 21 2028 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 4) |
| Jun 21 2029 | 8 years fee payment window open |
| Dec 21 2029 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
| Jun 21 2030 | patent expiry (for year 8) |
| Jun 21 2032 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 8) |
| Jun 21 2033 | 12 years fee payment window open |
| Dec 21 2033 | 6 months grace period start (w surcharge) |
| Jun 21 2034 | patent expiry (for year 12) |
| Jun 21 2036 | 2 years to revive unintentionally abandoned end. (for year 12) |