A new and distinct cultivar of Junebearing (short day) strawberry plant ‘MNUS 138’ combining the characteristics of early season ripening, high yield, excellent survival in cold temperatures, resistance to powdery mildew and red steel root rot and moderate resistance to fungal leaf spot and leaf scorch. ‘MNUS 138’ yields strawberries characterized by moderately firm flesh, a glossy appearance, moderately tough skin, and a pleasing taste with suitable use in pick-your-own production and home gardens.
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1. A new and distinct cultivar of Strawberry plant named ‘MNUS 138’ as herein illustrated and described.
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Botanical classification: Fragaria×ananassa.
Variety denomination: ‘MNUS 138’.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH Research for the development of ‘MNU 138’ was partially funded by USDA-ARS Memorandum of Understanding No. USDA/58/1275-8M-018.
‘MNUS 138’ is a new strawberry cultivar that was raised as a seedling from a controlled cross made between strawberry cultivars ‘Seneca’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,991)בAllstar’ (not patented) in 1983 in Beltsville, Md. ‘MNUS 138’ was selected at the University of Minnesota North Central Research and Outreach Center in Grand Rapids, Minn. in 1985. ‘MNUS 138’ was asexually propagated by stolons and planted for trials conducted from 1987 to 1990 at the University of Minnesota Horticultural Research Center near Excelsior, Minn. and the North Central Research and Outreach Center in Grand Rapids, Minn. It was further propagated by stolons and planted for evaluation in yield trials that took place from 1997 through 2003 at the Horticultural Research Center, the North Central Research and Outreach Center, the West Central Experiment Research and Outreach Center in Morris, Minn., Michigan State University in East Lansing, Mich., Pennsylvania State University in State College, Pa. and Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Asexual reproduction of the new cultivar by stolons has shown that the unique characteristics of ‘MNUS 138’ are stable and reproduced true to type in successive generations.
‘MNUS 138’ is a short-day strawberry cultivar bearing fruit that matures in the early portion of the fruiting season in the Midwest United States. It is primarily adapted for growing in colder areas of the Midwest and Northeast United States. ‘MNUS 138’ is distinct from its antecedents in having an earlier period of fruiting. In trials in East Lansing, Mich. in 2000 and 2001, the mean first harvest date for ‘MNUS 138’ was 10 days before Allstar and 6 days before Seneca. The mean date on which 50% of the total yield for the season was harvested for ‘MNUS 138’ was 6 days before Allstar and 3 days before ‘Seneca’.
Of the strawberry cultivars currently grown in colder areas of the Midwest and Northeast United States, ‘MNUS 138’ is most similar to the other relatively cold hardy, early season cultivars ‘Annapolis’ (not patented), ‘Honeoye’ (not patented), and ‘Sable’ (U.S. Patent Pending, Published Application No. 20030046739). ‘MNUS 138’ has been distinguished from these other cultivars based on the following characteristics determined in tests at the trial locations in Grand Rapids and Excelsior, Minn.
Fruit firmness: ‘MNUS 138’ exhibits firmer fruit than ‘Sable’ and ‘Honeoye’ and similar fruit firmness to ‘Annapolis’.
Fruit color: When fully ripened, the skin color of ‘MNUS 138’ is lighter than that of ‘Honeoye’ and more similar to fruit of ‘Annapolis’ and ‘Sable’.
Average fruit weight: ‘MNUS 138’ has larger mean fruit weight than ‘Sable’ and similar fruit weight to ‘Honeoye’ and ‘Annapolis’.
Pubescence on the peduncle: ‘MNUS 138’ has divaricate pubescence on the peduncle whereas ‘Annapolis’ and ‘Sable’ have appressed pubescence.
Shape of the base of the terminal leaflet: ‘MNUS 138’ has a terminal leaflet base that is more acute than ‘Annapolis’ or ‘Sable’.
Performance of ‘MNUS 138’ for yield and average berry weight is comparable to the other early season cultivars ‘Annapolis’, ‘Sable’, and ‘Honeoye’ as exhibited in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Yield and mean berry weight of ‘MNUS 138’ and early cultivars
‘Annapolis’, ‘Sable’, and ‘Honeoye’ in trials at Grand Rapids, Minn.,
Morris, Minn., Excelsior, Minn., East Lansing, Mich., Ames, Iowa,
and State College, Penn.
Grand
Rapids
Morris
Excelsior
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
Yield (1000 lb/acre)
‘MNUS 138’
13.8
9.0
7.1
12.2
3.9
1.4
‘Annapolis’
6.9
4.4
0.8
5.9
4.0
1.5
‘Sable’
9.3
10.8
0.7
11.5
5.1
5.3
‘Honeoye’
7.7
9.9
5.1
14.1
3.9
7.1
LSD (5%)
6.2
8.8
4.4
6.2
2.1
2.5
Berry weight (g)
‘MNUS 138’
14.0
11.9
10.4
12.4
11.5
11.2
‘Annapolis’
12.4
12.8
5.8
10.7
12.2
7.6
‘Sable’
10.5
8.5
7.4
8.4
10.0
9.1
‘Honeoye’
12.0
11.9
10.0
11.0
13.4
9.8
LSD (5%)
3.0
4.0
2.3
2.3
1.8
2.1
State
East Lansing
Ames
College
2000
2001
2000
2001
2003
Yield (1000 lb/acre)
‘MNUS 138’
15.1
2.8
48.3
23.9
19.6
‘Annapolis’
9.3
3.7
9.6
30.1
NA
‘Sable’
11.3
6.7
15.0
25.9
16.4
‘Honeoye’
19.2
6.3
21.3
28.0
20.8
LSD (5%)
4.1
6.0
11.9
9.6
6.5
Berry weight (g)
‘MNUS 138’
14.9
9.8
13.3
12.7
12.1
‘Annapolis’
11.5
9.7
11.3
11.3
NA
‘Sable’
10.5
10.6
8.9
9.2
11.2
‘Honeoye’
13.2
9.1
13.6
13.1
11.4
LSD (5%)
1.1
1.3
5.6
3.7
1.0
‘MNUS 138’ is moderately resistant to fungal leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fragariae Tul.); comparable to ‘Annapolis’ and ‘Sable’ and more resistant than ‘Honeoye’. ‘MNUS 138’ exhibits resistance to powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca macularis Walls ex Fr.); similar to ‘Honeoye’ and more resistant than ‘Annapolis’ and ‘Sable’. ‘MNUS 138’ is moderately resistant to leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. and Ev.) and similar to ‘Annapolis’, ‘Honeoye’, and ‘Sable’. The original plant of ‘MNUS 138’ was resistant to red stele root rot when screened with a five-race composite of Phytophthora fragariae C. J. Hickman var. fragariae as a young seedling in the greenhouse in Beltsville, Md. in the winter of 1983-1984.
The berries of ‘MNUS 138’ have an attractive interior and exterior color and gloss. They are moderately firm, have a moderately tough skin, and have a pleasing flavor that should make the variety useful for commercial pick-your-own strawberry production and home gardens.
The accompanying color photograph shows typical fruit and a stolon tip of ‘MNUS 138’ grown under standard field conditions at Grand Rapids, Minn. The photograph depicts color features as true as is reasonably possible. The color values cited in the detailed botanical description accurately describe the new strawberry.
The botanical data describing ‘MNUS 138’ was collected at the University of Minnesota Horticultural Research Center in Excelsior, Minn. from plants grown under standard field conditions. The characteristics may vary in detail depending on variations in conditions such as temperature, day-length, light intensity, soil types, and water and fertility levels as ‘MNUS 138’ was not tested under all possible environmental conditions. The color determination is in accordance with the 1995 R.H.S. Colour Chart of The Royal Horticultural Society, London, England, except where general color terms of ordinary dictionary significance are used.
Mean
St. dev.
Range
Calyx diam (mm)
19.8
2.3
(15-22)
Corolla diam (mm)
27.0
4.1
(23-34)
Petal number
5.1
0.4
(5-6)
Petal length (mm)
10.6
1.1
(9-12)
Petal width (mm)
10.6
1.2
(9-12)
Petal length/width ratio
1.00
0.05
(0.90-1.11)
Stamen number
21
(19-24)
Stamen length (mm)
2.5
(2.1-2.7)
Pistil number
141
(134-148)
Pistil length (mm)
1.1
(0.7-1.3)
Mean
St. dev.
Range
Terminal leaflet length (mm)
43.8
3.4
(40-48)
Terminal leaflet width (mm)
34.7
2.7
(31-38)
Terminal leaflet
1.3
0.1
(1.05-1.37)
length/width ratio
Number of teeth on
19.3
2.6
(17-24)
terminal leaflet
Petiole length (mm)
78.3
14.8
(62-96)
Stipule length (mm)
18.5
2.3
(15-21)
1.2
(6-9)
Luby, James J., Wildung, David K., Galletta, Nada, Maas, John L., Enns, John M.
| Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
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| PP25300, | Jan 22 2013 | The United States of America, as represented by The Secretary of Agriculture | Strawberry plant named ‘Charm’ |
| Patent | Priority | Assignee | Title |
| Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
| Jul 01 2004 | LUBY, JAMES J | Regents of the University of Minnesota | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016095 | /0584 | |
| Jul 01 2004 | WILDUNG, DAVID K | Regents of the University of Minnesota | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016095 | /0584 | |
| Mar 23 2005 | GALLETTA, GENE J | United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016646 | /0016 | |
| Mar 23 2005 | GALLETTA, GENE J | AGRICULTURE, THE SECRETARY OF, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AS REPRESENTED BY | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016646 | /0098 | |
| Mar 30 2005 | ENNS, JOHN M | AGRICULTURE, THE SECRETARY OF, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AS REPRESENTED BY | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016646 | /0098 | |
| Mar 30 2005 | MAAS, JOHN L | AGRICULTURE, THE SECRETARY OF, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AS REPRESENTED BY | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016646 | /0098 | |
| Mar 30 2005 | ENNS, JOHN M | United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016646 | /0016 | |
| Mar 30 2005 | MAAS, JOHN L | United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 016646 | /0016 | |
| Apr 06 2005 | The United States of America as represented by the Department of Agriculture | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / | |||
| Apr 06 2005 | Regents of the University of Minnesota | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / |
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