An objective color nomenclature is disclosed. The objective color nomenclature comprises one or more substrates of flexible material, each being associated with a color. Each substrate has a grid with a plurality of rows and columns. The first column displays a range of tones of the associated color, with each row of the column containing a particular tone. The corresponding row of additional columns contains the relative amounts of selected primary colors which comprise components of the particular tone, the percentages of primary and supplementary colors comprising the tone, and brightness information based on a selected brightness scale. The corresponding row of another column contains a unique identifier for the color, which in the current system is comprised of 361 parts, ranging from 0 to 360, representing the 360 degrees of a circle.
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1. An objective color nomenclature, comprising
a substrate of a flexible material and being associated with a color; said substrate having a plurality of longitudinal and transverse lines on a surface thereof, said longitudinal and transverse lines arranged to provide a grid on said surface with columns and rows, a first column displaying a range of tones of said color with which the substrate is associated, and a second column displaying a range of tints of a first primary color, which comprises a component of said color associated with said substrate, each row of said second column containing an indicia of the amount of said first primary color incorporated in the corresponding tone of said color associated with said substrate contained in the same row of said first column.
2. The objective color nomenclature generator, according to
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12. The objective color nomenclature generator, according to
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This written description refers to a request for a Patent of Invention for a generator of nomenclature for colors, which is to be used so that a color may be uniquely identified by a number that completely defines it.
The number or degree used as the defining reference for the color, and which also represents its components, is accompanied by a second number that indicates the degree of darkness or lightness of the color relative to black or white, respectively.
The invention makes it possible to catalog all colors usually found in nature and provides easy access to the nomenclature that defines them through the use of cards that contain all of the information needed to ensure that a color may be reproduced under any circumstances.
The invention is to be used in the manufacturing industry for graphic arts materials and equipment, and may also be used in the industry devoted to the manufacture of tools, materials and auxiliary devices for colorimetry and its codified communication system based on the 0 to 360 degrees that represent a full circle.
The applicant is aware of the existence of color generators based on the reproduction on cards of a limited range of similar colors which are accompanied by an identifying number, in general use.
While the association of each color with a more or less randomly chosen number creates a relation between them and therefore permits the reproduction of the color, serious problems arise if it is necessary to know the number associated with any particular mixture of colors, with the user having to be very familiar with color generators of this type.
The applicant is aware of the existence of a system that makes it possible to generate from various mathematical operations a number which is uniquely associated with each color, and of the existence of a second number that provides information regarding the lightness of the color relative to white or the darkness relative to black, that is, information on the tone of the color.
In this way, each color can be expressed as the sum of a particular number of units of two of the three primary colors, with the number or degree of 120 being assigned to yellow, the number 0 or degree of 360 to magenta, and the number 60 or the degree of 240 to cyan; and, using sixtieths of a degree, any color can be represented by a number between 0 to 360 degrees, produced by the addition of a determined amount of the primary colors mentioned above.
The operations resemble the sum of coordinates that cross at one point and whose module or vector indicates the relative quantity of units of each color, so that the result of the sum of any quantity of the two primary colors will always be a number limited either above or below by the numbers representing the primary colors that are used in the mixture.
In addition, the proportion of the supplementary color provides a number that is related to the lightness of the color. This falls between 0 and 22, with black representing a darkness of 100%, and which for better understanding we shall refer to as a TANS unit; and white representing a lightness of 100%, which we shall call the SANT unit. Both units are newly created.
It would be desirable to have an extensive graphic display of the infinite colors that could be generated, as well as the associated identifying number of the color and the number that indicates its tone. It would also be desirable if this same display could reflect the relative quantities of the primary colors used in the mixture.
The generator of objective nomenclature for colors that is the subject of this description is clearly a new item within its field of use, because it is a mechanism that makes it possible to rapidly locate a color, the numbers associated with the color, the tone and the proportion of the two primary colors of which it is composed.
More specifically, the invention is composed of a number of rectangular cards bearing vertical and horizontal lines which produce a large number of rows and columns.
Each of the rectangular cards represents one color, thus having the same identifying number and differing in the proportion of each of the primary colors contained in the particular color, creating a second identifying number that is transcribed in rows on the invention along with the numbers representing the proportion of the primary colors of which the color is composed, and which are also transcribed in rows.
At the right end of each of the rows mentioned above there is a graphical display of the color.
The cards thus created are held together by whatever device is usually used for this purpose.
In order make the terms used in this report more intelligible, two pages of drawings are attached, for purposes of illustration rather than definition, which depict the following:
The identifying number of the color of each of the tokens is represented by the sum of a certain quantity of two of the three fundamental colors, in such a way that by associating to yellow the number or grade 120, to magenta 0 or 360, and to cyan 60 or grade 240, and assuming they have sexagesimal grades, any color will thus be represented by a number between 0 and 360 grades, the result of the addition of a certain proportion of two of the fundamental colors previously mentioned. by a fastener.
It can be seen from the figures that the proposed generator of nomenclature for colors is composed of 361 rectangular cards (1) bearing longitudinal and transverse lines that create a grid upon the surface. Column (2) is tinted with a primary color and on each of the rows, a number ranging from 0 to 100 is printed, indicating the percentage amount of this color found in the final mixture.
Column (3) has the same function as column (2) above, but uses the other primary color of which the mixture is composed.
Column (4) provides the numbers identifying the percentage of complementary and supplementary colors in the mixture.
Column (6) shows the lightness relative to white and the darkness relative to black, defined in the newly created SANT units, ranging from 0 to 22, which results from multiplying the constant of the 0-22 SANT unit by the lightness of the color, with the lightest being represented by the color white, with a value of 100, and the darkest by the color black, with a value of 0.
Column (5) has the identifying number or degree of the color to which each rectangular card (1) belongs, ranging from 0 to 360.
Finally, Column (7) shows the color in a slowly descending tone gradation.
Assembling the 361 rectangular cards (1) with a fastener that goes through the hole (8) located near the upper right edge makes it easier to handle and arrange the rectangular cards of which the invention is composed.
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