A computer-based system for providing up-to-date health histories of animals, for example, in a feedlot. The system includes indicia means associated with each animal for identifying the animal and data entry means coupled to a computer for reading the indicia means to identify the animal to the computer. The data entry means also communicates to the computer treatment data comprising the animal's physical condition and any treatment administered to the animal. The computer is programmed to record the identity and associated treatment data and collect the data with previous data to provide the animal's health history. The system also displays the identified animal's prior health history at the animal's location for the operator's benefit, which location is typically an animal hospital remote from the computer's location. The system may include a second data entry means for determining the net amount of drugs taken for animal treatment from an inventory. The computer is programmed to compare the net amount taken against the amount administered in treatment as communicated by the first data entry means to determine a difference in the amounts.
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8. A system for assisting an operator in selecting a drug treatment for animals selected from a group of retained animals, comprising:
(a) a data entry device entering into a computer animal identification and selected drug treatment information for an identified animal; (b) a compter providing health and drug treatment history for the identified animal, a list of drug treatments available for the animal, one or more of the drug treatments requiring a withdrawal period, and withdrawal information for a selected drug treatment as to when or whether the animal may be released; and (c) a data output device in communication with the computer and providing, in response to entry of an animal identification into the data entry device, an identified animal's health and drug treatment history and, in response to entry of a selected drug treatment requiring a withdrawal period, the withdrawal information.
1. A system for assisting an operator in selecting a drug treatment for animals selected from a group of retained animals, comprising:
(a) a data entry device entering into a computer animal identification and selected drug treatment information for an identified animal; (b) a computer providing a health and drug treatment history for the identified animal, a list of drug treatments available for the animal, one or more of the drug treatments requiring a withdrawal period, and withdrawal information for a selected drug treatment as to whether the drug treatment should be administered; and (c) a data output device in communication with the computer and providing, in response to entry of an animal identification into the data entry device, an identified animal's health and drug treatment history and, in response to entry of a selected drug treatment requiring a withdrawal period, the withdrawal information.
15. A system for providing health and drug treatment histories for animals selected from a group of retained animals, comprising:
means at an animal treatment location for communicating data about animals between an operator at the location and a computer; and a computer communicable with the communicating means and programmed for: storing health and drug treatment history of animals to be treated and a list of available drug treatments and their drug withdrawal periods; in response to entry of an animal's identity into the computer through the communicating means, providing to the operator at the animal treatment location the animal's health and drug treatment history; and in response to entry of a selected drug treatment for the animal into the communicating means, providing to the operator at the animal treatment location a weight-dependent dosage and drug withdrawal information that includes or is derived from a drug withdrawal period.
71. A system for assisting an operator to provide drug treatment to a group of animals at a drug treatment location, the system comprising:
a data entry device for entering into a computer the identity of animals in the group to be treated; a computer storing a list of available drug processing orders and their drug withdrawal periods as well as an inventory of available drugs; a data output device providing through the computer to an operator a list of available processing orders; the data entry device being operable to select a drug processing order for the animals from the list of processing orders; the computer being operable to store an entered and administered processing order as an addition to each animal's drug treatment history; the computer being operable following administration and entry of the selected processing order and prior to shipment; to provide to an operator withdrawal information that includes or is derived from a drug withdrawal period; and the computer further being operable to decrease the inventory of available drugs stored in the computer by the quantity of drugs used in administering the processing order.
50. A system for assisting an operator to select a drug treatment for animals that are selected from a group of retained animals for treatment at a drug treatment location, the system comprising:
a computer for storing health and drug treatment histories of animals to be treated; a data entry device for entering into the computer the identity of an animal to be treated at the drug treatment location; a data output device at the drug treatment location in communication with the computer; the computer being operable in response to entry of the animal's identity, to provide through the computer at the drug treatment location the animal's health and drug treatment history, the history including prior diagnoses and drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enter a diagnosis into the computer; the computer being operable to store the diagnosis in the computer as an addition to the animal's health history; the computer storing a list of available drug treatments and their drug withdrawal periods and being operable to provide to an operator at the drug treatment location through the data output device a list of available drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enter the selected drug treatment into the computer; in response to entry of the selected drug treatment, the computer being operable to alert an operator with drug withdrawal information that includes or is derived from a drug withdrawal period; the computer being operable to store the administered drug treatment entered through the data entry device as an addition to the animal's drug treatment history.
24. A system for assisting an operator to select a drug treatment for animals which are selected from a group of retained animals for treatment at a drug treatment location, the system comprising:
a computer for storing health and drug treatment histories of animals to be treated; a data entry device for entering into the computer the identity of an animal to be treated at the drug treatment location; a data output device at the drug treatment location in communication with the computer; the computer being operable in response to entry of the animal's identity, to provide through the data output device at the drug treatment location in the animal's health and drug treatment history, the history including prior diagnoses and drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enter a diagnosis into the computer; the computer being operable to store the diagnosis in the computer as an addition to the animal's health history; the computer storing a list of available drug treatments and their drug withdrawal periods and being operable to provide through the data output device to an operator at the drug treatment location a list of available drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enable entry of a selected drug treatment into the computer by the operator from the list of available drug treatments; the computer being operable after entry of a selected drug treatment, to provide to the operator at the drug treatment location through the data output device drug withdrawal information that includes or is derived from a drug withdrawal period; the computer being operable to store an administered drug treatment as an addition to the animal's drug treatment history in response to entry of the administered drug treatment through the data entry device.
95. A system for assisting an operator to provide drug treatment to animals which are selected from a group of retained animals for treatment at a drug treatment location, the system comprising:
a computer for storing health and drug treatment histories of animals to be treated, and an inventory of drugs available for use in drug treatment; a data entry device for entering electronically into the computer the identity of an animal to be treated at the drug treatment location; a data output device operable in response to entry of an animal's identity, to provide through the computer at the drug treatment location the animal's health and drug treatment history, the history including prior diagnoses and drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enter a diagnosis into the computer; the computer being operable to store the entered diagnosis in the computer as an addition to the animal`s health history; the computer storing a list of available drug treatments and their drug withdrawal periods; the computer being operable to provide through the data output device to an operator at the drug treatment location a list of available drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enter a selected drug treatment into the computer; following entry of a selected drug treatment, the computer being operable to provide through the data output device to the operator at the drug treatment location drug withdrawal information that includes or is derived from a drug withdrawal period; the data entry device being operable to enter into the computer a selected drug treatment, and the computer being operable to store the selected drug treatment as an addition to the animal's drug treatment history; and the computer being operable to decrease the stored drug inventory in the computer by the quantity of the drugs used in the selected and administered drug treatment.
62. A system for assisting an operator to select a drug treatment for animals which are selected from a group of retained animals for treatment at a drug treatment location, the system comprising:
a computer storing health and drug treatment histories of animals to be treated; a data entry device for entering into the computer the identity of an animal to be treated at the drug treatment location; a data output device at the drug treatment location in communication with the computer; the computer being operable in response to entry of the animal's identity, to provide through the computer and data output device at the drug treatment location the animal's health and drug treatment history, the history including prior diagnoses and drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enter a diagnosis into the computer; the computer being operable to store the entered diagnosis as an addition to the animal's health history; the computer storing a list of available drug treatments and their drug withdrawal periods; the computer being operable to provide to an operator at the drug treatment location through the data output device a list of available drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enter a selected drug treatment into the computer; in response to entry of a selected drug treatment, the computer being operable to provide to the operator at the drug treatment location through the data output device withdrawal information that includes or is derived from a drug withdrawal period; the computer being operable to store the selected drug treatment in the computer as an addition to the animal's drug treatment history after entry of the treatment through the data entry device; the computer being operable to provide through the data output device to an operator at the drug treatment location drug withdrawal information that includes or is derived from a drug withdrawal period.
97. A system for assisting an operator in providing drug treatment to animals at a drug treatment location, the system comprising:
a data entry device for entering electronically into a computer the identity of animals in the group to be treated; a computer storing a list of available processing orders and their drug withdrawal periods; a data output device for providing through the computer to an operator a list of available processing orders; the data entry device including means for entering a selected processing order into the computer; the computer storing an administered processing order as an addition to each animal's drug treatment history; the computer decreasing inventory of drugs by the quantity of drugs in the administered processing order; the computer storing health and drug treatment histories of animals to be treated; the data entry device being operable to enter electronically into the computer the identity of an animal to be treated individually at the drug treatment location; following entry of the individual animal's identity, the computer being operable to provide through the data output device at the drug treatment location the animal's health and drug treatment history, the history including prior diagnoses and drug treatments; the data entry device including means for entering a diagnosis into the computer; the computer storing an entered diagnosis of the animal to be treated as an addition to the animal's health history; the computer storing a list of available drug treatments and their drug withdrawal periods; the computer being operable to provide through the data output device to an operator at the drug treatment location a list of available drug treatments; the data entry device including means for entering a selected drug treatment into the computer; the data entry device including means for entering an animal's weight and, following entry of the selected drug treatment, the computer being operable to provide to the operator through the data output device at the drug treatment location a weight-dependent dosage; and the computer storing an administered drug treatment entered in the computer as an addition to the animal's drug treatment history.
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the computer is further operable to alert the data output device through the computer if the entered dosage is outside an allowable range.
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the computer storing health and drug treatment histories of individual animals to be treated; the data entry device being operable to enter into the computer at a drug treatment location the identity of each animal to be individually treated; following entry of an animal's identity, the computer being operable to provide through the data output device at the drug treatment location the individual animal's health and drug treatment history, the history including prior diagnoses and drug treatments; the data entry device being operable to enter a diagnosis of the individual animal into the computer; following entry of the diagnosis, the computer being operable to store the diagnosis as an addition to the animal's health history; the computer storing a list of available drug treatments; the computer being operable to provide to an operator at the drug treatment location a list of available drug treatments after entry of the diagnosis; the data entry device being operable to enter a selected drug treatment into the computer; the computer being operable to store the selected and administered drug treatment in the computer as an addition to the animal's treatment history.
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the computer stores drug withdrawal periods for the stored list of available drug treatments; in response to entry of a selected drug treatment, the computer is operable to provide to the operator at the drug treatment location drug withdrawal information that includes or is derived from a drug withdrawal period. 82. The system of
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the data entry device being operable to enter an animal weight and, following entry of a selected drug treatment, the computer being operable to provide through the data output device to the operator at the drug treatment location a weight-dependent dosage; and in response to entry of a lot number, pen number, or an estimated shipping date for the animal, through the data entry device, the data output device being operable through the computer to indicate whether the animal is safe to ship based on the drug withdrawal information for animals within the group.
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This is a divisional of application Ser. No. 08/226,292, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,803,906, filed Apr. 11, 1994, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/827,843, filed Jan. 29, 1992, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,315,505, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/457,338, filed Dec. 27, 1989, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/085,073, filed Aug. 12, 1987, now abandoned.
This invention relates generally to systems for providing individual health histories of animals, for example, in a cattle feedlot operation. More particularly, this invention relates to such a system wherein the identity of each animal and data representing the physical condition and treatment administered to each animal is recorded, made available at the animal's location, and accumulated with earlier data to provide an up-to-date health history of each animal.
Large scale cattle feedlot operations are commonly employed to feed cattle prior to slaughter. Typically, the cattle of a particular owner are identified by a lot number for keeping track of the goods and services provided for the cattle while in the care of the feedlot. Each individual head is further identified with a unique number such as by tag for keeping track of individual treatments required, such as drugs dispensed for each particular sickness, and for monitoring the physical condition of each animal. Through these identifying numbers, the feedlot operation can maintain a health history for each animal in each lot and charge the cattle owner for feed, drugs, and services provided for each head.
This system, although simple to implement, is slow and fraught with error because of the manual effort required to gather and record the data. Typically, data is manually recorded twice. At an animal hospital on the feedlot, cattle are observed and treated if necessary. An operator records in writing the physical condition of each animal, any observed sickness, and the drug treatment administered. This written record is then transferred to a clerk to be entered into a cumulative history. Both recordings are subject to error. Compounding the problem is the the potential for illegible entries, incomplete entries, and lost entries. For example, often cold, adverse weather conditions at a feedlot make it difficult for an operator to grip the pen for writing and also interfere with the flow of ink through the instrument. Moreover, the manual recording and rerecording are lengthy and consequently the cumulative health history is often several days out of date.
These problems associated with manual entry of data are well known, and attempts have been made to minimize the errors in several aspects of feedlot operations. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,288,856 to Linseth discloses an apparatus for separately feeding animals which have not gained sufficient weight. The Linseth apparatus is adapted to weigh each animal as it is walked through a weigh station. An operator reads the identification number that appears on an ear tag of the animal and enters the number into a keyboard connected to a computer. The animal is then weighed and the amount entered into the computer. The computer has stored within its memory different weight ranges for cattle, which the computer compares with the weight of the animal weighed. Each range is related to a gate that leads to a different feeding pen. The computer determines the weight range in which the animals lies and opens the appropriate gate to direct the animal to the desired feeding pen. The procdure is then repeated for reevaluation of the animal after a period of feeding. The Linseth apparatus, however, still requires manual entry of information and lacks any means for creating and displaying at the animal's location a cumulative history of the animal's physical condition and treatment administered.
Other apparatus have addressed individual monitoring of an animal's consumption. U.S. Pat. No. 4,461,240 to Ostler, for example, discloses a monitoring apparatus that dispenses a preselected amount of feed to a cow identified by a transmitter around its neck. The feeding station includes a receiver-transmitter in communication with a computer that has stored within its memory a feeding schedule for the animal. The computer determines how much feed is to be dispensed to each animal individually. The operator can thereby control how much each animal eats and monitor if in fact the prescribed amount of food is consumed. But the apparatus is limited in its ability to monitor and control the feeding of cattle.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,409,950 to Byrne et al. similarly discloses an animal food consumption monitor. Each animal bears a tag that includes a miniature transmitter which transmits a signal identifying the animal. The feed station for the animal includes a receiver for identifying the animal before it begins consuming feed. With the animal identified, the food in the station hopper is weighed before and then after the animal feeds to determine the amount consumed. The data on the amount and type of food consumed is then stored for later retrieval. The Byrne monitor, like the Ostler apparatus, identifies the animal without manual effort. But, again, it provides no on-site, up-to-date history of the animal's health.
Although the apparatus described above and others in the prior art offer some improvements in feedlot operations, they do not address the problem of maintaining up-to-date health histories of the physical condition and the drug treatment of the animals. Such histories are critical in determining the progress of a sick animal as well as keeping track of the cost of drugs for each animal. The manual method is thus still preferred for this purpose.
An object, therefore, of the invention is to provide an improved method and system for providing the health histories of animals.
Another object of the invention is to provide such a system which is portable to the animals' location.
Still another object of the invention is to provide such a system that avoids the need for manually identifying each animal to be treated and manually recording the physical condition and treatment administered.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide such a system that provides at the animals' location up-to-date health histories for each animal observed and treated by the system.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide such a system that compares the net amount of drugs taken for treatment from a drug inventory against the amount of drugs actually administered from the inventory to determine the difference in amounts.
To achieve these objects, a system according to the invention includes computer means for recording the identity of each animal and treatment data associated with the animal. This data comprises the physical condition of the animal and drug treatments administered to the animal. Each animal to be treated bears indicia means such as a bar coded ear tag or radio transmitter tag which can be read by data entry means such as a bar code scanner or antenna, respectively, to communicate the identity of the animal to the computer means. A bar coded menu sheet is also provided which can be read by the bar code scanner to communicate the treatment data associated with the animal at the time of treatment.
In one embodiment of the invention, the computer means comprises a host computer for storing the health histories of the animals and a portable unit for locating near an animal to be treated. The portable unit is adapted to record treatment data each time the animal is treated and to later transfer the data to the host computer for inclusion in the health history of the animal.
In a second embodiment of the invention, the computer means comprises a remote terminal connected directly to the host computer for transmitting data to the host computer without the need for recording and later transfer. This embodiment may be used where AC power is available.
The computer means may also track drug inventory for treatment of the animals and with a second data entry means for communicating to the computer means the removal and restocking of drugs from the inventory. The computer means is adapted to compare the net amount of drugs taken from the inventory as communicated by the second scanner against the amount of drugs used in treatment as communicated by the first scanner to determine a difference in the amounts.
In the method of the invention, a data terminal is provided at the location of the animal. An operator identifies the animal to the terminal, which displays the prior health history. If treatment is necessary, the operator enters data representing the drug treatment to be administered to the animal. Treatment data is then transferred to a host computer for accumulation with treatment data earlier recorded. The accumulated data comprises the health history of the animal. The updated history is then transferred from the host computer back to the data terminal.
The present invention eliminates the manual entry of this data and thus avoids the associated drawbacks of prior entry methods and systems.
The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring now to
As indicated in
Referring to
The host computer 50 serves a number of functions in addition to collecting treatment data to produce health histories for each animal treated. One related function is tracking inventory of drugs for treatment of the animals. Referring again to
The computer 50 and data terminal 28 within unit 16 are programmed in BASIC, according to the method illustrated in the flowcharts of
The inventory menu option (82) is selected for monitoring the inventory. For example, one choice thereunder is to print the daily inventory report, with the book inventory, restocking information, and transactions grouped by product (94). Another option is to manually adjust the inventory in case of a breakage of drugs within the inventory (96). Other options include monitoring the difference between physical inventory as determined by a count and book inventory as determined by the checking in and checking out of drugs previously described. From the inventory menu (82), the operator can also enter the physical inventory for comparison against the book inventory (98). The difference between physical inventory and book inventory of each product (100) can then be presented. The actual physical usage as determined by a physical inventory of the drugs can be compared with the amount administered (102). The totals can then be adjusted as appropriate (104). The operator can additionally print the net amount taken from inventory for drug treatment against the amount recorded from the portable unit 16 (105) as administered.
The third option of the main menu (81), the hospital/processing menu (84), enables the operator to set up new lots for cattle brought into the feedlot and to prepare group drug treatments known as processing orders and hospital treatments which are administered to the animals. Referring now to
A second option under the hospital processing menu is a processing order menu (118). Within this menu is a command for adding a processing order (120). First, a number is assigned to a unique combination of drugs to be administered as the processing order or treatment (122). The drugs desired are then selected (124), and the dosages per head or per 100 pounds are entered (126). The selection of drugs and dosages are then repeated until the processing order is complete (127). The menu (118) also permits the operator to print a list of current processing orders (128) or delete an existing processing order (130). An operator can also view a present processing order (132) and change it if desired (134) by changing the drugs or their amounts (136).
Referring now to
The other options under the hospital/processing menu (84) include an option (138) at the left of
Just as he can assign drugs and treatments to lots, the operator has the option of deleting and editing treatments (148). These options include deleting previously assigned treatments (150), editing existing treatments for a given animal (152), and entering new hospital treatments for a given animal (154).
Communication via cable 52 with the portable unit 16 is also handled through the hospital/processing menu (84). The menu (84) allows the operator to print the daily hospital report (156) of the animals treated as well as receive the day's hospital treatment from the portable (158). The daily treatments are stored on disk in appropriate lot files (160). The operator can also print the day's hospital and processing activity with cost information (162). The updated health history and new lot numbers are then be downloaded into the portable unit 16 to keep it current (164). The program also updates in memory the amount of drugs used in treating each animal (166).
One concern of feedlots is the shipping of cattle not yet suitable for consumption. A further option under the menu (84) allows the operator to check when a lot may be shipped (168) by entering the lot number and estimated shipping date (170). Animals that are not ready for shipping within the lot are then displayed by number (172).
Referring again to
One other option shown allows the operator under menu (84) to enter the sickness names such as bloat, prolapse, etc., that will be recognized by the portable unit 16 and will appear on.menu sheet 24 (186). If the sickness codes are changed at the hospital/processing menu, the menu sheet 24 is also updated.
The treatment data recorded in the portable unit 16 during a treatment session is entered in response to prompts from the instructional program stored within the terminal 28.
The operator thus begins treatment with this third choice by scanning the appropriate number on the menu sheet 24. He is then prompted to scan the ear tag of the animal to be treated or key in the tag number to identify the animal to the unit 16 (203). If he scans the tag, the number is automatically verified (204). If keyed in, the ear tag number is then displayed so that the operator may visually verify his entry (205) before scanning a CR. Once the ear tag has been verified, the program checks to see if the animal is new or has a previous treatment history (206). If the animal does have a record, the monitor 25 displays the last treatment for the animal (208). The operator can then scroll through previous treatments (210) via commands on menu sheet 24 to determine the health history of the animal (212). The operator can also quit the program by scanning the quit command on the menu sheet 24. The quit option is always available throughout the program, though not repeatedly shown in the figure for clarity. All data entered before the quit command is invoked is recorded. On the other hand, the operator can always "bail out" of the program if trouble develops therein by scanning the numerals 9999. No data entered during a treatment session is saved if the operator "bails out."
If no previous treatments have been administered, the operator enters the lot number through keyboard 29 (213) and scans the CR. The program then compares the lot number with those stored in memory. If it is a new lot number, the program alerts the operator that it is included and prompts for reentry. Entering the same number a second time establishes the lot number. The program then prompts the operator to verify his entry (214), which he does by a CR scan.
The operator is then prompted to enter a sickness code (216), such as a respiratory or intestinal condition, appearing on the menu sheet 24. The code is then displayed momentarily for the operator's verification (220). If the sickness code entered indicates the animal is dead (222), this data is stored immediately (224) and the treatment session is ended. If the animal is merely sick, however, the operator is prompted for the severity of the illness and enters a severity code number in response such as 1, 2, or 3 (226) from the menu sheet 24.
Following entry of the animal's identity and sickness diagnosis, the operator may be prompted for other physical conditions such as the animal's temperature. Referring to
Following the intended destination, the operator is prompted to enter numbers identifying the drug or hospital treatment to be administered to the animal (244). Each individual drug and hospital treatment has a unique identification number. If the number entered by the operator is greater than 1000, i.e., has four digits, then the program determines that an individual drug is to be administered (246). The identification number is then checked against a stored list to determine if it is valid (248). The operator is alerted if the number is invalid, and he may attempt reentry (250). Once a valid identification number has been entered, the program checks to determine if the drug requires a withdrawal date (252). Certain drugs require that the animal be kept in the feedlot for a period of time after it is administered a drug to prevent undesired side effects to consumers. The program has stored within it the time period for each drug and calculates from the treatment data the earliest release date of the animal thereafter. If the drug has a withdrawal problem, the information is displayed (254) and the operator is given the opportunity to reconsider administering the drug (256). If no withdrawal date is displayed or if the operator chooses to administer the drug in any event, the program then prompts the operator to enter the number of units to be administered (258). The amount entered is checked against an allowable dosage range to protect the animal from an overdose. The portable unit 16 then verifies the number of units to be administered (260). This drug treatment data is stored within the memory of the terminal 28 for later transfer to the computer 50 (262). The operator is then queried if more treatments are to be given the animal in the present treatment session (264).
Administering and recording hospital treatments are similar to the steps followed for individual drugs. Returning to step (246) and then referring to
The operator is then prompted to determine if further drugs or treatment is to be administered to the particular animal (290) in this treatment session. If treatment is finished, all data is then stored within the memory of the terminal 28 and the operator proceeds to examine the next animal. Once treatment is concluded, the operator quits the program (292).
At the conclusion of the day or other predetermined reporting period, the unit 16 is carried to the location of the computer 50 and the two connected by cable 52. Referring again to
Where the "dumb" terminal is employed in place of the portable unit 16, the instructional program illustrated in
Having illustrated and described the principles of the invention in a preferred embodiment, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be modified in arrangement and detail without departing from such principles. For example, although the invention is described in the context of a feedlot, it is not so limited. I claim all modifications coming within the spirit and scope of the following claims.
Pratt, William C., McKillip, William D.
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Executed on | Assignor | Assignee | Conveyance | Frame | Reel | Doc |
Sep 28 1987 | PRATT, WILLIAM C | MICRO CHEMICAL, INC | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 026809 | /0351 | |
Mar 07 1988 | MCKILLIP, WILLIAM D | MICRO CHEMICAL, INC | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 026809 | /0400 | |
Sep 03 1998 | Micro Beef Technologies, Ltd. | (assignment on the face of the patent) | / | |||
Dec 16 1999 | MICRO CHEMICAL, INC | MICRO BEEF TECHNOLOGIES, INC | CHANGE OF NAME SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 026817 | /0715 | |
Oct 17 2000 | MICRO BEEF TECHNOLOGIES, INC | MICRO BEEF TECHNOLOGIES, LTD | CHANGE OF NAME SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 026803 | /0513 |
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