A metal stud and clip assembly is designed for use in a non-load-bearing wall to allow a horizontal ceiling to vertically float thereon. This is accomplished by an elongated receiving channel on the stud spaced inwardly from its edges. A clip member has an elongated stabilizing bar slidably inserted into the channel, and the stabilizing bar itself then is secured to a horizontal ceiling or a track system mounted to the ceiling. Thus, relative movement of the ceiling with respect to the wall allows the stabilizing bar to move up and down in the receiving channel on the stud member.
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1. A metal stud and clip assembly for use in a non-load-bearing wall to allow a horizontal ceiling or floor to vertically float thereon, the assembly including in combination:
an elongated metal stud member having a generally u-shaped cross section including a main portion with first and second edges and having first and second side members attached, respectively, to the first and second edges of the main portion;
first and second receivers attached to the main portion of the stud member and each spaced inwardly a predetermined distance from the first and second side members; and
a clip member having a first portion for attachment to a surface located above the stud and having first and second elongated stabilizing bars attached thereto and extending downwardly to slidably engage the first and second receivers, respectively, on the stud member to allow relative vertical movement between the stud member and the stabilizing bar.
5. A metal stud and clip assembly for use in a non-load-bearing wall to allow a horizontal ceiling or floor to vertically float thereon, the assembly including in combination:
an elongated metal stud member having a generally u-shaped cross section including a main portion with first and second edges and having first and second side members attached, respectively, to the first and second edges of the main portion;
at least a first receiver attached to the main portion of the stud member and spaced inwardly a predetermined distance from the first and second side members, the first receiver comprising an elongated hollow channel extending parallel to the first and second edges of the main portion of the stud member; and
a clip member having a first portion for attachment to a surface located above the stud and having at least a first elongated stabilizing bar attached thereto and extending downwardly to slidably fit into the elongated channel on the stud member to allow relative vertical movement between the stud member and the stabilizing bar.
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Vertical metal studs are widely used in building construction, particularly in conjunction with commercial buildings, for the non-load-bearing interior walls. The studs generally are covered with drywall which is attached to them to form the interior walls of the structure in which they are used.
In the past, vertical metal studs in non-load-bearing interior walls of a building were connected directly between a track on the floor at their bottoms and a top track secured to the horizontal joists for floors or roofs of the building. Such construction has resulted in substantial problems, in that little if any vertical displacement of the floor or roof, at the top of the studs, could be tolerated.
The fixed relationship of the non-load-bearing studs and the floors or roofs connected to the top ends of the studs results in longitudinal compressive stresses on the studs, which frequently causes the studs to buckle laterally at intermediate locations, creating cracks or distortions in the walls of the building in which they are used. These longitudinal forces applied to the studs result from vertical displacement of the floor or roof of the building above the studs. The fixed relationship of the non-load-bearing studs, in the case of variations in load for office floors above the rooms in which the studs are used, or in the case of a heavy load of snow or the like on a roof, causes a significant downward pressure on the vertical non-bearing studs. If the studs are rigidly secured at both the top and bottom, between the floor of the room and its ceiling, unsightly and unacceptable cracks occur in the wall covering. In addition, the integral structure of the wall is weakened as a result of the buckling or partial buckling of the studs. When the load is lessened (in the case of an office building, by all of the workers leaving at the end of a day, or in the case of a roof, by the melting of snow), the cracks in the walls increase as the walls expand in response to the lessening vertical pressure on the studs. The studs themselves undergo a stretching or lengthening after their earlier buckling, which further contributes to the weakness of the wall.
Efforts to overcome the problems of a rigid interconnection between vertical studs in non-bearing walls and the ceilings or floors above them, by allowing relative movement of the ceiling or floor with respect to the studs, have been made. One effort is disclosed in the United States patent to Gilmour No. 5,040,345. This patent is directed to the addition of a stud clip to the head track for allowing vertical floating movement of a floor or roof structure above the stud to take place. The clip has a pair of opposing flanges, which are secured directly to the downwardly depending flanges of the head track. Another portion of the clip is inset slightly from the inner surface of the head track flanges. This inset portion includes grooves which accommodate the inwardly turned flanges on a standard stud. This allows the stud to slide up and down over the exterior of the clip between it and the flanges of the head track. The system is designed so that the length of the stud extends into or nestles within the downwardly turned flanges of the head track. If the clip were to be extended beyond these downwardly depending flanges, it would interfere with the attachment of drywall to the stud, since portions of the clip directly underlie the inwardly edges of the stud. There also is no provision in this patent for allowing sliding movement of drywall portions relative to one another; so that drywall necessarily would need to be spaced a sufficient distance below the downwardly turned edges of the head track to accommodate the expected vertical movement in the finished installation. This in turn allows sound to travel over the top of the drywall portions of the walls, from one room to another.
A different approach to the problem is disclosed in the DeFrancesco U.S. Pat. No. 5,685,121. As with the Gilmour patent mentioned above, the system of DeFrancesco also does not provide any provision for drywall overlap; so that sound can travel over the top of a wall built with this system. In DeFrancesco, a clip is designed for a slip fit within the open end of a stud. The clip includes an outwardly flared portion at the top, which then is secured to the flanges of the head track. The clip is designed to extend a substantial distance downwardly into the open end of the stud; and it includes elongated slots in its sides. The slots are designed to accommodate fasteners for drywall, which then may be passed through the studs and into the slots to permit the slip fit movement. The system, however, does not allow for drywall butt joints. Such joints will result in fasteners located on opposite sides of the slots; and if such a butt joint were to be secured in the area of the clip, the fasteners would secure the clip and the stud together in a non-movable relationship. This would defeat the purpose of the whole system. In addition, the system of DeFrancesco, as well as the system of Gilmour, preclude the running of any conduit through the wide or inside portion of the studs, since the clips of both of these patents completely overlie this portion. Consequently, no conduit could be run through the stud/clip assembly without securing the parts together. If conduit is run immediately below the clip, the relative vertical movement which is desired would be prevented, or severing of the conduit (and the wires within it) could result. As a consequence, the structures of both Gilmour and DeFrancesco clearly limit the location of any conduit running through the interior of the wall to a position substantially removed from the clip assembly itself.
The Becker U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,471,805 and 5,755,066 disclose a head track configuration with stepped surfaces to allow drywall overlap. This permits drywall attached to the header to slide over drywall attached to the studs which extend up into the header. This feature in the Becker patents provides a fire barrier connection, as well as a sound barrier. The disclosure of the Becker patents, however, does not show any guide whatsoever to hold the studs against tipping or shifting within the header. The studs are not held vertically within the header; and the only thing which holds the studs in their correct orientation is the connection of the drywall itself. The studs do not extend all the way to abut the header; so that limited vertical movement between the header and the top of the studs is permitted with this structure, allowing the overlapping drywall to slidably provide the necessary fire barrier. In the event of an earthquake, however, the studs are not held against lateral movement (particularly longitudinally of the header); so that the wall structure is subject to substantial damage in the event of an earthquake.
The Mieyal U.S. Pat. No. 4,397,127 discloses a stud extension with a slip fit onto the stud to then allow the stud to be interconnected with a suitable header. This extension allows a slip fit of the stud on the extension; but the extension itself has snap tabs on it to connect into the header. This requires additional manufacturing steps.
The Greenwood U.S. Pat. No. 5,146,723 is directed to an interior wall mounting device for providing a cosmetic interconnection between drywall sections which are vertically mounted on studs in the wall, and, in some cases, interconnections between drywall interfaces at both the ceiling and in corners of the room. The mounting devices are in the form of elongated parts which provide surfaces acting as crown molding, corner molding, or the like, in the finished construction. The structure disclosed in this patent, however, is not directed to slip fit interconnections between a head track and vertical studs to allow relative movements between the two.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an improved stud and clip assembly which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, which effectively provides alignment for the studs while allowing relative movement between head track and the studs, and which allows a non-interfering location for the various components to allow standard connection of drywall and conduit passage at any location on the stud.
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved stud assembly system and method for permitting relative vertical movement between the ceiling or roof of a structure and the stud.
It is another object of this invention to provide an improved stud and clip assembly for use with metal studs to allow relative vertical movement between the roof or floor of the building in which the stud is located and the stud through slidable interconnections between elements of the clip and the stud which do not interfere with conventional construction utilization of the stud.
It is an additional object of this invention to provide an improved metal stud and clip assembly for metal studs used in non-load-bearing walls to secure the stud against lateral displacement while allowing relative vertical movement between the stud and the ceiling or floor to which the stud is attached.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved stud and stud clip assembly and method of installation for installing metal studs in a non-load-bearing wall to allow relative sliding movement between the clip and the stud to eliminate potentially damaging stresses from being applied to the stud.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a metal stud and clip assembly for use in a non-load-bearing wall is designed to allow a horizontal ceiling or floor to vertically float on the wall. The assembly includes an elongated metal stud member which has a generally U-shaped cross section including a main portion, and first and second edges having first and second side members attached thereto. At least a first receiver is attached to the main portion of the stud member; and it is spaced inwardly a predetermined distance from the first and second side members. A clip member has a first portion for attachment to a surface located above the stud; and it also has at least a first elongated stabilizing bar attached to it and extending downwardly to slidably engage the first receiver on the stud member. This allows relative vertical movement between the stud member and the stabilizing bar.
To install the stud and clip assembly in a non-load-bearing wall, the stabilizing bar of the clip member first is extended into the receiver on the stud to allow relative sliding movement between the bar and the receiver. The stud and the clip member then are positioned in the construction of a non-load-bearing wall; and the clip member is extended upwardly for attachment to a ceiling or floor above the stud.
Reference now should be made to the drawings, in which the same or similar components are designated by the same reference numbers throughout the different figures.
The stud 10 and has a generally U-shaped cross section. The bight of the cross section is a main member 12, typically located on the interior of a wall in which the stud 10 is used. The longitudinal edges of the member 12 have attached to them a pair of side members 14 and 18. The side members 14 and 18 may be integrally formed with the main member 12, or may be separately attached in accordance with known manufacturing techniques. As is typical with studs of this type, the free edges of the side members 14 and 18 are inwardly turned at 16 and 20, respectively. This portion of the metal stud which has been described is conventional; and the dimensional characteristics of the stud are identical to those of conventional studs not incorporating the invention.
The stud of
The hollow receiver channels 22 and 24 are spaced inwardly from the edges 14 and 18 a distance sufficient to permit the interconnection of standard drywall surfaces, corner beads and the like without interference. In addition, sufficient space is provided between the receiver channels 22 and 24 to allow the passage of conduit through the main member 12 in this space between the channels without interfering with the channels or the operation of those channels, as subsequently described.
The ceiling track comprises an elongated flat upper surface 40 designed to be attached to a ceiling or floor located above the wall in which the stud 10 of
Reference now should be made to
In
When the location of the elements is such that the stud is properly vertically oriented, the clip 30 is slid upwardly into place to engage the lower surface of the channel 40 and the parts are secured together by means of suitable fasteners, as described previously. This allows the stabilizer bars 36 and 38 to extend downwardly into the top open ends of the respective channels 24 and 22, as illustrated in FIG. 4.
Initially, the relative spacing shown on the left-hand side of the broken line in
Reference now should be made to the right-hand side of
Finally, it should be noted that, as illustrated in
The studs of the walls in the embodiment shown in
To utilize the system as a stud extender, short lengths of studs, such as shown by means of the upper side members 14 and 18 on both of the left-hand and right-hand wall configurations, may be secured directly to the flanges 32 and 34 of the clip 30 at their upper ends. The stabilizer bars 36 and 38 extend downwardly through the respective receiver channels 24 and 22 in the manner described previously, and extend all of the way through the length of the upper segments of studs shown in FIG. 6. Longer studs, illustrated by the side members 14A and 18A in both the left-hand and right-hand interior walls of
The gap between each of the upper stud segment and the lower primary studs is selected to be sufficient to allow for relative vertical movement between the ceiling 50 and the floor 52, in the manner described previously. Fire and sound barriers may be provided by elongated strips of drywall 90 and 92 attached to only the upper stud side members 18 and 14, respectively, as illustrated in
As illustrated, the suspended ceiling 100 is suspended from the primary structural ceiling 50 by means of hangers 102; and the ceiling 118 is suspended by means of hangers 120. In the narrow or hallway section of the structure shown in
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is to be considered illustrative and not as limiting. Various materials may be used to form the different parts of the invention; and the manner of forming and fabricating these different parts and/or materials together may be varied by those skilled in the art, without departing from the true scope of the invention. Various other changes and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art for performing substantially the same function, in substantially the same way, to achieve substantially the same result without departing from the true scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
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