An organic electroluminescent device. The device has an organic electroluminescent light recovery layer consisting of dielectric material and nanoscale metal particles or organic material and nanoscale metal particles. The membrane of the organic electroluminescent light recovery layer cross couples with surface plasmon resonance and recovers light trapped in the device, enhancing the light emission efficiency of the organic electroluminescent device.
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1. An organic electroluminescent device, comprising:
a substrate;
a first electrode on the substrate;
an organic luminescent layer on the first electrode;
a second electrode on the organic luminescent layer, wherein the organic luminescent layer is between the first electrode and the second electrode; and
a nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer, comprising dielectric or organic material, doped with nanoscale metal particles, wherein the nanoscale metal particle comprises Au, Ag, Ge, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, or Ga.
26. An organic electroluminescent device, comprising:
a substrate;
a first electrode on the substrate;
an organic luminescent layer on the first electrode;
a second electrode on the organic luminescent layer, wherein the organic luminescent layer is between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a first nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer comprising first dielectric or organic material, doped with first nanoscale metal particles; and
a second nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer comprising second dielectric or organic material, doped with second nanoscale metal particles,
wherein the first and second nanoscale metal particles comprise Au, Ag, Ge, Se, Sn, Sb, te, or Ga.
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This nonprovisional application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(a) on Patent Application No(s). 092101786 filed in TAIWAN, R.O.C. on Jan. 28, 2003, which is(are) herein incorporated by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device, and more particularly to an organic electroluminescent device solving low external quantum efficiency problems of surface plasmon resonance.
2. Description of the Related Art
Organic electroluminescent devices are also known as organic light emitting diodes (OLED). The OLED luminescent principle applies a voltage to organic molecular material or polymer material, and the device luminesces. Due to OLED's self emission characteristics, it can form a dot matrix type display with light weight, slim profile, high contrast, low power consumption, high resolution, fast response time, no need for backlighting, and full viewing angle. Possible display parameters range from 4 mm microdisplay to 100 inch outdoor billboards, making it a preferred type of flat panel display (FPD). If the OLED luminescent efficiency is over 100 Lm/W, it can replace conventional lighting.
In organic electroluminescence, electrons are propelled from a cathode layer and holes from an anode layer, and the applied electric field induces a potential difference, such that the electrons and holes move and centralize in a thin film layer, resulting in recombination. The energy of this recombination excites the luminescent layer moleculars to higher energy levels and unstable excited states, and when the energy is released, they return to lower energy levels and stable ground states. OLED luminescent efficiency depends on the internal and external quantum efficiency of the device. Internal quantum efficiency is the internal efficiency of converting electricity to light. After exciting the organic moleculars, a quarter of the excited electrons assume a single-state asymmetric spin configuration, releasing energy in the form of fluorescence. The other three-quarters assume triple-state symmetric spin configuration, and release energy in the form of phosphorescence. The triple state excited electrons also release energy in the form of phosphorescence in organometallic compounds. Therefore, OLED internal quantum efficiency depends on the excitation mechanism, and on the fluorescence or phosphorescence of luminescent material chosen.
OLED external quantum efficiency is the ratio of luminescent output from device to the luminescent from the organic layer. In a typical OLED, not all light from the organic layer can pass through the device, with more than 40% of OLED light lost to surface plasmon resonance. In addition, the organic material and the glass substrate have a higher refraction index than air, so some light is limited in the device due to total reflection, some scattering outward from the device side. Around 80% of light is dissipated in the device, making conventional OLED external quantum efficiency below 20%. In the unused device light can be recovered, the OLED external quantum efficiency improves.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an OLED comprising a nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer, with dielectric material and nanoscale metal particles. The surface plasmon resonance of OLED device is cross-coupled to the surface plasmon resonance of nanostructured film. Trapped device light is thus recovered, increasing external quantum efficiency and luminescent efficiency.
To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an OLED with nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer, having at least one layer formed with dielectric material and nanoscale metal particles, or with organic material and nanoscale metal particles.
The OLED with the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer of the present invention comprises at least a substrate with a first electrode formed thereon, an organic luminescent layer on the first electrode, a second electrode on the organic luminescent layer and at least one nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer. The organic luminescent layer is between the first electrode and the second electrode. The nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer is between the substrate and the first electrode, the first electrode and the organic luminescent layer, the organic luminescent layer and the second electrode, or on the second electrode.
If a second nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer is present, it is disposed between the organic luminescent layer and the second electrode or on the second electrode.
The OLED with the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer of the present invention is substrate side emitting, top emitting (the second electrode side) or two-side emitting.
The present invention's nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer for the OLED is formed with dielectric material and nanoscale metal particles, or organic material and nanoscale metal particles. The dielectric or organic material and the nanoscale metal particles are formed at the same time using the same or different methods, and the nanoscale metal particles are doped into the dielectric or organic material. The dielectric material comprises silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride or magnesium fluoride. The organic material is molecular or polymer. The nanoscale metal particles comprise Au, Ag, Ge, Se, Sn, Sb, te, Ga or combinations thereof.
The substrate of the present invention is transparent or opaque glass or plastic. The plastic substrate is polyethyleneterephthalate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyimide, Arton, polyacrylate or polystyrene.
The OLED organic luminescent layer of the present invention comprises molecular organic luminescent material and polymer organic luminescent material. The organic luminescent layer is formed with a single organic luminescent layer or stacked organic luminescent layers, and the organic luminescent layer is fluorescent or phosphorescent luminescent material.
The first electrode and the second electrode are transparent, metal, or complex. The transparent electrode comprises ITO, IZO, AZO or ZnO, the metal electrode Li, Mg, Ca, Al, Ag, In, Au, Ni, Pt, or alloys thereof, and the complex electrode Li, Mg, Ca, Al, Ag, In, Au, Ni, Pt, ITO, IZO, AZO or ZnO.
According to OLED of the present invention, the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer is formed with nanoscale metal particles, wherein the surface plasmon resonance of OLED device is cross-coupled to the surface plasmon resonance of nanostructured film. Trapped light is thus recovered. A nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer on the device thereby improves the OLED luminescent efficiency.
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to a detailed description to be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
In order to understand the above and other objects, characteristics and advantages, six preferred embodiments of the present invention are now detailed described with reference to the attached figures.
The embodiments are designed to accommodate a wide range of possible device structures, enabling broader application of the inventive benefits.
The OLED of the present invention comprises at least a substrate, a first electrode, an organic luminescent layer, a second electrode, and a nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer between the substrate and the first electrode (in the first embodiment), the first electrode and the organic luminescent layer (in the second embodiment), the organic luminescent layer and the second electrode (in the third embodiment), or on the second electrode (in the fourth embodiment).
First, a substrate 110 is provided as
Nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer 120 is formed with dielectric or organic material 121 and nanoscale metal particles 122 on the substrate 121. The dielectric or organic material 121 and the nanoscale metal particles 122 are formed at the same time using the same or different methods. The nanoscale metal particles 122 are doped into the dielectric or organic material 121. The dielectric material for the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer is silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride or magnesium fluoride, and is formed by sputtering or plasmon enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The organic material for the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer is molecular or polymer organic material, formed by thermal evaporation, spin coating, ink jet, or screen printing. The nanoscale metal particles comprise Au, Ag, Al, Ge, Se, Sn, Sb, te, Ga or combinations thereof, formed by sputtering, electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, spin coating, ink jet, or screen printing. The ratio of the nanoscale metal particles doped in the dielectric or organic material to the combinations thereof is from 0.001 to 70 wt %. The ratio is determined by different deposition rate (power) between the dielectric material and the nanoscale metal particles or by different mixing ratio between the organic material and the nanoscale metal particles.
A first electrode 130 is formed on the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer 120, between the substrate 110 and the first electrode 130. The first electrode is transparent, metal, or complex.
An organic luminescent layer 140 is formed on the first electrode 130, of molecular or polymer organic luminescent material. The organic luminescent layer 140 may comprise a single organic luminescent layer or stacked organic luminescent layers, so as the organic luminescent layer 240, 340, 440, and 540 below. If the organic luminescent layer is molecular organic luminescent material, it can be formed by vacuum evaporation. If the organic luminescent layer is polymer organic luminescent material, it can be formed by spin coating, ink jet, or screen printing.
Finally, a second electrode 150 is formed on the organic luminescent layer 140. The second electrode 150 is transparent, metal, or complex. The first electrode 130 and the second electrode 150 are formed by sputtering, electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, chemical vapor deposition or spray pyrolysis.
The OLED 10 of this embodiment is substrate side emitting, top emitting (the second electrode side) or two-side emitting.
The nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer 220 of this embodiment differs only from the previous embodiment in that the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer 220 is between the first electrode 230 and the organic luminescent layer 240.
The nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer 320 of this embodiment differs only from the previous embodiments in that the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer 320 is between the organic luminescent layer 340 and the second electrode 350.
The nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer 420 of this embodiment differs only from the previous embodiments in that the nanostructured organic electroluminescent recovery layer 420 is on the second electrode 450.
Referring to
While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. To the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.
Lin, Hsien-Kuang, Tseng, Mei-Rurng, Liu, Jong-Min, Wang, Juen-kai
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| Jul 14 2003 | LIN, HSIEN-KUANG | Industrial Technology Research Institute | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 014415 | /0940 | |
| Jul 16 2003 | LIU, JONG-MIN | Industrial Technology Research Institute | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 014415 | /0940 | |
| Jul 18 2003 | WANG, JUEN-KAI | Industrial Technology Research Institute | ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS | 014415 | /0940 | |
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