An electret condenser microphone includes: a substrate 13 in which an opening 25 is formed; an electret condenser 50 connected to one face of the substrate 13 so as to close the opening 25 and having an acoustic hole 12 and a cavity 2; a drive circuit element 15 connected to the one face of the substrate 13; and a case 17 mounted over the substrate 13 so as to cover the electret condenser 50 and the drive circuit element 15. Electric contact is established at a joint part between the electret condenser 50 and the substrate 13. The acoustic hole 12 communicates with an external space through the opening 25. The cavity 2 and an internal region of the case 17 serve as a back air chamber for the electret condenser 50.
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1. An electret condenser microphone, comprising:
a substrate in which an opening is formed;
an electret condenser connected to one face of the substrate so as to close the opening and having an acoustic hole and a cavity;
a drive circuit element connected to the one face of the substrate; and
a case mounted over the substrate so as to cover the electret condenser and the drive circuit element,
wherein electric contact is established at a joint part between the electret condenser and the substrate,
the acoustic hole communicates with an external space through the opening, and
the cavity and an internal region of the case serve as a back air chamber for the electret condenser.
2. The electret condenser microphone of
wherein the acoustic hole includes a plurality of acoustic holes each having a diameter of 3 μm or smaller.
3. The electret condenser microphone of
wherein the substrate is formed of a multilayer substrate.
4. The electret condenser microphone of
wherein the multilayer substrate is made of ceramic.
5. The electret condenser microphone of
wherein the opening is a hollow formed in the multilayer substrate so that the acoustic hole is not seen directly from the external space.
6. The electret condenser microphone of
wherein the electret condenser and the substrate are joined to each other with the use of a metal protrusion and an anisotropic conductive resin.
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This application is a national phase of PCT/JP2005/003031 filed on Feb. 24, 2005, which claims priority from Japanese Application No. 2004-065190 filed Mar. 9, 2004, the disclosures of which Applications are incorporated by reference herein. The benefit of the filing and priority dates of the International and Japanese Applications is respectfully requested.
The present invention relates to an electret condenser microphone including a vibrating electrode, and particularly relates to a structure of an electret condenser microphone (ECM) carrying an electret condenser formed using a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) technology.
Conventionally, predominant condenser microphones are microphones in which components, such as a diaphragm, a fixed electrode, and the like separately manufactured by a mechanical processing or the like are incorporated, as disclosed in Patent Document 1. These microphones are called ECMs (Electret Condenser Microphones), and miniaturization thereof has been tackled. As a result, a product having a diameter of 6 mm and a thickness of 1 mm and a product having a diameter of 4 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm, and the like have been on sale. However, an ECM of the type disclosed in Patent Document 1, which uses mechanically-processed components, encounters difficulty in miniaturization.
A processing technology applying a semiconductor integrated circuit fabrication method, which is different from the conventional mechanical processing, is called a MEMS technology or a micro machining technology and is effective in miniaturization of microphones. Under the circumstances, microphone manufacturing methods using the MEMS technology have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a method of manufacturing a microphone with no electret with the use of the MEMS technology.
An electret condenser microphone having the structure disclosed in Patent Document 2, however, involves the following problems.
Namely, since the condenser and a drive circuit element, such as an IC are connected to each other with the use of a bonding wire, electric loss occurs in the bonding wire.
Further, as the condenser is reduced in size, the back air chamber integrally formed with the condenser is also reduced in size, degrading high-frequency characteristic of the microphone with the reduced back air chamber. As a result, a microphone exhibiting excellent performance cannot be manufactured.
The present invention has been made in view of the foregoing and has its object of providing an electret condenser microphone having a structure excellent in high-frequency characteristic even when miniaturized.
Means for Solving the Problems
To attain the above object, an electret condenser microphone according to the present invention includes: a substrate in which an opening is formed; an electret condenser connected to one face of the substrate so as to close the opening and having an acoustic hole and a cavity; a drive circuit element connected to the one face of the substrate; and a case mounted over the substrate so as to cover the electret condenser and the drive circuit element, wherein electric contact is established at a joint part between the electret condenser and the substrate, the acoustic hole communicates with an external space through the opening, and the cavity and an internal region of the case serve as a back air chamber for the electret condenser.
Effects of the Invention
In the present invention, electric contact between the substrate and the electret condenser is established at a mechanical contact part therebetween, in other words, the substrate and the electret condenser are connected to each other electrically without using a wire bonder, suppressing parasitic capacitance and noise occurrence caused due to the presence of the bonding wire. This enhances the high-frequency characteristic of the electret condenser. Further, the substantial volume of the back air chamber of the electret condenser can be increased by utilizing the space (the internal region of the case) formed by the case that covers the electret condenser, so that the high-frequency characteristic of the condenser can be enhanced even when the electret condenser is miniaturized.
As described above, according to the present invention, a small-size electret condenser microphone excellent in high-frequency characteristic can be provided.
[
[
[
[
[
1 silicon substrate
2 cavity
3 insulating film
4 lower electrode
5 extraction electrode
6 leak hole
7 electret film
8 insulating film
9 upper electrode
10 contact
11 insulating film
12 acoustic hole
13 substrate
14 wire
15 IC element
16 contact
17 case
18 protrusion
19 anisotropic conductive resin
20 contact
21 wire
22 substrate
25 opening
An electret condenser microphone according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fist of all, a description will be given to an electret condenser (hereinafter referred to as an electret condenser of the present invention) carried by an electret condenser microphone according to the present embodiment. The electret condenser of the present invention is manufactured by a processing method called surface micro machining in the MEMS technology which uses only a single silicon substrate.
As shown in
An extraction electrode 5 electrically connecting to the lower electrode 4 is provided in the insulating film 8 and the insulating film 11. The extraction electrode 5 protrudes from the insulating film 11. A leak hole 6 communicating with the cavity 2 is formed in the lower electrode 4 and the electret film 7 so as not cause pressure difference between a region above and a region below the electret film 7. Further, a contact 10 electrically connecting to the upper electrode 9 is formed in the insulating film 11. The contact 10 protrudes from the insulating film 11.
Herein, in order to make the insulating film 11 of the electret condenser 50 of the present invention to close an opening 25 formed in a substrate 13 described later (see
Moreover, a plurality of acoustic holes 12 are formed in the upper electrode 9 and the insulating film 11. The acoustic holes 11 are formed for allowing a space surrounded by the upper electrode 9, the lower electrode 4, and the insulating film 8 to communicate with the external space of the electret condenser 50 of the present invention. Namely, the electret condenser 50 of the present invention has a structure for causing the electret film 7 to vibrate upon receipt of sound pressure (see
One example of an electret condenser microphone according to the present embodiment will be described next.
As shown in
Specifically, the contact 10 of the electret condenser 50 of the present invention is mechanically and electrically connected to a contact 16A formed at the one face of the substrate 13. The contact 16A is electrically connected to a wiring 14A provided on the other face of and in the inside of the substrate 13. The electret condenser 50 of the present invention is electrically connected to another electric circuit on the substrate 13 through the contact 16A and the wiring 14A.
Further, an IC (Integrated Circuit) element 15 to be a drive circuit element for the microphone of the present embodiment is connected to the one face of the substrate 13. Specifically, the IC element 15 includes contacts 15a and 15b. The contact 15a is mechanically and electrically connected to one end of a wiring 14B provided at the one face of the substrate 13. The other end of the wiring 14B is mechanically and electrically connected to the extraction electrode 5 of the electret condenser 50 of the present invention. On the other hand, the contact 15b of the IC element 15 is mechanically and electrically connected to a contact 16B provided at the one face of the substrate 13. The contact 16B is electrically connected to a wiring 14C provided on the other face of and in the inside of the substrate 13. The IC element 15 is electrically connected to another electric circuit on the substrate 13 through the contact 16B and the wiring 14C.
In addition, a case 17 is mounted over the substrate 13 so as to cover the electret condenser 50 of the present invention and the IC element 15.
As described above, the contact 10 for the upper electrode 9 is formed in an annular shape on the insulating film 11 (see
Moreover, for joining the electret condenser 50 of the present invention and the substrate 13 in the present embodiment, for example, gold is used preferably as a metal material composing the contact 16A for the substrate 13 and the contact 10 for the upper electrode 9. In this case, the gold parts respectively forming the contacts 10 and 16A can be joined to each other by thermocompression bonding, facilitating joining of the contacts 10 and 16A. Even in the case where an alloy of, for example, gold and tin is used as a material of one of the contacts 10 and 16A, the contacts 10 and 16A can be joined by a similar thermocompression.
Furthermore, any of the following methods may be employed for joining the electret condenser 50 of the present invention and the substrate 13.
As described above, in the electret condenser microphone of the present embodiment, the substrate 13 and the electret condenser 50 establish electric contact therebetween at the mechanically joined part thereof, in other words, the substrate 13 and the electret condenser 50 are connected to each other electrically without using a wire bonder, resulting in suppression of parasitic capacitance and noise occurrence caused due to the presence of the bonding wire. This enhances the high-frequency characteristic of the electret condenser 50. Further, not only the cavity 2 shown in
As described above, according to the present embodiment, a small-size electret condenser microphone excellent in high-frequency characteristic, such as high-frequency stability and the like can be manufactured.
A holder formed using a resin or the like has been necessary for joining a conventional ECM to another substrate. In contrast, in the ECM of the present embodiment, provision of a solder or the like at the wiring 14 shown in
Furthermore, in the conventional ECM, a mesh-like porous cloth called a face cloth is arranged at part where sound pressure is received for preventing dust from entering. Wherein, the porous cloth has holes each having a diameter of approximately 3 μm or larger. In contrast, when the acoustic holes 12 (see
Moreover, in the conventional microphone manufactured by the MEMS technology, a sound input hole (corresponding to the opening 25 of the present embodiment) for the microphone is arranged basically in the upper face portion of the sound pressure sensing section of the microphone, so that a constraint is imposed on a structure of a mobile phone or the like in which the microphone is mounted. As a result, in the conventional ECM, the position of the sound input hole should have been changed by devising the shape of an acoustic shield, such as a rubber holder for covering the ECM.
In contrast, in the present embodiment, as shown in
Specifically, in the structure shown in
Lastly, a method for joining the electret condenser microphone according to the present embodiment to another substrate will be described.
The present invention relates to an electret condenser microphone. When the present invention is applied to an electret condenser microphone carrying an electret condenser formed by a MEMS technology, a small-size electret condenser microphone excellent in high-frequency characteristic can be provided to enhance reliability of a mobile phone or the like to which the microphone is mounted. Thus, the present invention is very useful.
Ogura, Hiroshi, Yamaoka, Tohru
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