The invention relates to a method for producing (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes by reacting dry mercaptization reagents with a (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane.
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1. A process for preparing a (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silane, comprising reacting a dry mercaptation reagent with a (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane, wherein said mercaptation reagent has a water content of less than 3% by weight.
2. The process of
3. The process of
4. The process of
(X)(X′)(X″)Si—RI—SH (I) wherein:
X is an alkyl polyether group O—(CRII2)w—O—)vAlk where v=1-40, w=1-40, RII are each independently H, a phenyl group or an alkyl group, Alk is a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic, aromatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic monovalent C1-C35-hydrocarbon group,
X′ is a branched or unbranched alkyl, a branched or unbranched alkoxy, a branched or unbranched alkenyloxy group, a branched or unbranched aryloxy group, a branched or unbranched alkylaryloxy group, a branched or unbranched aralkyloxy group or an X group,
X″ is a branched or unbranched alkyl, a branched or unbranched alkoxy, a branched or unbranched alkenyloxy group, a branched or unbranched aryloxy group, a branched or unbranched alkylaryloxy group, a branched or unbranched aralkyloxy group or an X group,
RI is a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, aromatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic divalent C1-C30 hydrocarbon group.
5. The process of
(X)(X′)(X″)Si—RI-Hal (II) where RI, X, X′ and X″ are each as defined as for formula I, and Hal is chlorine, bromine, fluorine or iodine.
6. The process of
7. The process of
8. The process of
9. The process of
10. The process of
11. The process of
12. The process of
(X)(X′)(X″)Si—RI-Hal (II) where RI, X, X′ and X″ are each as defined as for formula I, and Hal is chlorine, bromine, fluorine or iodine.
13. The process of
14. The process of
15. The process of
16. The process of
17. The process of
18. The process of
19. The process of
20. The process of
a) said dry mercaptation reagent is selected from the group consisting of: lithium hydrogensulfide (LiSH), sodium hydrogensulfide (NaSH), potassium hydrogensulfide (KSH) and cesium hydrogensulfide (CsSH);
b) additives are added to the reaction mixture at the start of the reaction and/or during the reaction and/or at the end of the reaction; and
c) the molar amount of dry mercaptation reagent used is from 70 mol % to 150 mol % of the molar amount of the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane used.
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The present application is US national stage of international application PCT/EP2006/068674, which had an international filing date of Nov. 20, 2006, and which was published in German under PCT Article 21(2) on Jun. 21, 2007. The international application claims priority to German application 10 2005 060 122.7, filed on Dec. 16, 2005. These prior applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
The invention relates to a process for preparing (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes.
EP 1285926 discloses the preparation of organosilicon compounds of the formulae (R1O)2 (R2O)Si—R3—Ym and (R1O) (R2O)2Si—R3—Ym by reacting silanes of the general formula (R1O)3Si—R3—Ym with alkyl polyether alcohols R2OH.
JP 62-181346 discloses the preparation of (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes from (mercaptoorganyl)alkoxysilanes by transesterification with alkyl polyether alcohols.
Additionally known from EP 1529782 and EP 1538152 are processes for preparing (mercaptoorganyl)alkoxysilanes, wherein alkali metal sulfide or alkali metal hydrogensulfide is reacted with a mixture of (haloorganyl)alkoxysilane and (haloorganyl)halosilane in alcohol with exclusion of air.
JP 3091993, JP 2005-047846, JP 2004-099483 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,840,952 disclose processes for preparing mercaptopropylsilanes of the formula HS—(CH2)3—Si(R1)n(OR2)3-n by reacting halopropylsilanes of the formula Y—(CH2)3—Si(R1)n(OR2)3-n with alkali metal hydrogensulfide.
DE 102005032658.7 discloses a process for preparing mercaptosilanes, wherein silanes of the general formula
(R11)(R11)(R10)Si—R3—S—R4
are reacted in a catalyzed reaction with an alkoxylated alcohol R1—H with elimination of R7—OH, and R7—OH is removed from the reaction mixture.
DE 102005052233 discloses a process for preparing organosilanes of the general formula [R2(R′O)Si—R″-]nAm by reacting (haloorganyl)alkoxysilanes with water-containing sulfuration reagents.
Disadvantages of the known processes are the long reaction times and low conversions or low space-time yields with good selectivity.
It is an object of the invention to provide a process for preparing (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes, which enables short reaction times with high conversions or high space-time yields with good selectivity in the conversion of the starting materials.
The invention provides a process for preparing (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes, which is characterized in that a dry mercaptation reagent having a water content of less than 3% by weight is reacted with a (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane.
The reaction can be carried out with exclusion of air. The reaction can be carried out in a closed vessel.
The reaction can be carried out in a solvent or without solvent.
(Mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes may be compounds of the general formula I
(X)(X′)(X″)Si—RI—SH I
where
X is an alkyl polyether group O—((CRII2)w—O—)vAlk, preferably O—(CH2—CH2—O—)uAlk or O—(CH(CH3)—CH2—O—)rAlk, where
v=1-40, preferably 2-30, more preferably 3-25, even more preferably 4-20, exceptionally preferably 6-16,
w=1-40, preferably 2-30, more preferably 2-20, even more preferably 3-10,
u=1-40, preferably 2-30, more preferably 3-25, even more preferably 4-20, exceptionally preferably 6-16,
r=1-40, preferably 2-30, more preferably 3-25, even more preferably 4-20, exceptionally preferably 6-16,
RII are each independently H, a phenyl group or an alkyl group, preferably a C1-C11-alkyl group, more preferably a CH3— or CH2—CH3— group,
Alk is a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic, aromatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic monovalent C1-C35-hydrocarbon group, preferably C2-C25-hydrocarbon group, more preferably C3-C20-hydrocarbon group, even more preferably C6-C18-hydrocarbon group, exceptionally preferably C11-C18-hydrocarbon group,
X′ is an unbranched or branched alkyl, preferably C1-C18-alkyl, more preferably CH3, CH2—CH3, CH(CH3)—CH3, CH2—CH2—CH3 or C4-C18-alkyl,
a branched or unbranched alkoxy, preferably C1-C18-alkoxy, more preferably —OCH3, —OCH2—CH3, —OCH(CH3)—CH3, —OCH2—CH2—CH3, —OC12H25, —OC13H27, —OC14H29 or C15-C18-alkoxy,
a branched or unbranched C2-C25-alkenyloxy, preferably C4-C20-alkenyloxy, more preferably C6- to C18-alkenyloxy,
a C6-C35-aryloxy, preferably C9-C30-aryloxy, more preferably phenyloxy (—OC6H5) or C9- to C18-aryloxy, a branched or unbranched C7-C35-alkylaryloxy group, preferably C9-C30-alkylaryloxy group, more preferably benzyloxy, (—O—CH2—C6H5) or —O—CH2—CH2—C6H5,
a branched or unbranched C7-C35-aralkyloxy group, preferably C9-C25-aralkyloxy group, more preferably tolyloxy (—O—C6H4—CH3) or a C9- to C18-aralkyloxy group, or an X,
X″ is a branched or unbranched alkyl, preferably C1-C18-alkyl, more preferably CH3, CH2—CH3, CH(CH3)—CH3, CH2—CH2—CH3 or C4-C18-alkyl,
a branched or unbranched alkoxy, preferably C1-C18-alkoxy, more preferably —OCH3, —OCH2—CH3, —OCH(CH3)—CH3, —OCH2—CH2—CH3, —OC12H25, —OC13H27, —OC14H29 or C15-C18-alkoxy,
a branched or unbranched C2-C25-alkenyloxy group, preferably C4-C20-alkenyloxy, more preferably C6- to C18-alkenyloxy,
a C6-C35-aryloxy group, preferably C9-C30-aryloxy, more preferably phenyloxy (—OC6H5) or C9- to C18-aryloxy, a branched or unbranched C7-C35-alkylaryloxy group,
preferably C9-C30-alkylaryloxy group, more preferably benzyloxy, (—O—CH2—C6H5) or —O—CH2—CH2—C6H5,
a branched or unbranched C7-C35-aralkyloxy group,
preferably C9-C25-aralkyloxy group, more preferably tolyloxy (—O—C6H4—CH3) or a C9- to C18-aralkyloxy group, or an X,
RI is a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, aromatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic divalent C1-C30-hydrocarbon group which is optionally substituted.
It is possible in the process according to the invention for preparing (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes for compounds of the general formula I or else mixtures of compounds of the general formula I to form.
It is possible in the process according to the invention, through hydrolysis and condensation of the compounds of the general formula I, for their oligomers to form as by-products.
RI may be —CH2—, —CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH(CH3)—, —CH2CH(CH3)—, —CH(CH3)CH2—, —C(CH3)2—, —CH(C2H5)—, —CH2CH2CH(CH3)—, —CH2(CH3)CH2CH2—, —CH2CH(CH3)CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2—
##STR00001##
The alkyl polyether group O—((CRII2)w—O—)vAlk may be O—(CRII2—CRII2—O)v-Alk.
The (CRII2—CRII2—O)v-Alk group may preferably contain ethylene oxide units, (CH2—CH2—O)v-Alk, propylene oxide units (CH(CH3)—CH2—O)v-Alk or (CH2—CH(CH3)2—O)v-Alk, or butylene oxide units, for example (—CH(CH2—CH3)—CH2—O)v-Alk, or (—CH2—CH(CH2—CH3)—O)v-Alk.
The alkyl polyether group O—(CRII2—CRII2—O)v-Alk may be O—(CH2—CH2O)—C4H9, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C4H9, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C4H9, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C4H9, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C4H9, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C4H9, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C4H9,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C4H9, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C4H9, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C4H9, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C4H9, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C4H9, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C4H9, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C4H9,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C5H11, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C5H11, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C5H11, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C5H11, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C5H11, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C5H11, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C5H11,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C5H11, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C5H11, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C5H11, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C5H11, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C5H11, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C5H11, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C5H11,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C6H13, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C6H13, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C6H13, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C6H13, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C6H13, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C6H13, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C6H13,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C6H13, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C6H13, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C6H13, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C6H13, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C6H13, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C6H13, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C6H13,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C7H15, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C7H15, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C7H15, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C7H15, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C7H15, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C7H15, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C7H15,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C7H15, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C7H15, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C7H15, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C7H15, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C7H15, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C7H15, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C7H15,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C8H17, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C8H17, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C8H17, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C8H17, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C8H17, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C8H17, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C8H17,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C8H17, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C8H17, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C8H17, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C8H17, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C8H17, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C8H17, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C8H17,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C9H19,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C9H19,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C10H21, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C10H21, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C10H21, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C10H21, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C10H21, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C10H21, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C10H21,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C10H21, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C10H21, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C10H21, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C10H21, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C10H21, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C10H21, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C10H21,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C11H23, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C11H23, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C11H23, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C11H23, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C11H23, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C11H23, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C11H23,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C11H23, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C11H23, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C11H23, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C11H23, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C11H23, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C11H23, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C11H23,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C12H25, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C12H25, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C12H25, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C12H25, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C12H25, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C12H25, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C12H25,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C12H25, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C12H25, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C12H25, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C12H25, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C12H25, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C12H25, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C12H25,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C13H27, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C13H27, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C13H27, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C13H27, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C13H27, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C13H27, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C13H27,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C13H27, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C13H27, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C13H27, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C13H27, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C13H27, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C13H27, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C13H27,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C14H29, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C14H29, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C14H29, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C14H29, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C14H29, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C14H29, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C14H29,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C14H29, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C14H29, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C14H29, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C14H29, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C14H29, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C14H29, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C14H29,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C15H31, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C15H31, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C15H31, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C15H31, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C15H31, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C15H31, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C15H31,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C15H31, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C15H31, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C15H31, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C15H31, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C15H31, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C15H31, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C15H31,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C16H33, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C16H33, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C16H33, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C16H33, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C16H33, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C16H33, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C16H33,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C16H33, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C16H33, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C16H33, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C16H33, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C16H33, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C16H33, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C16H33,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C17H35, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C17H35, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C17H35, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C17H35, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C17H35, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C17H35, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C17H35,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C17H35, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C17H35, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C17H35, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C17H35, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C17H35, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C17H35, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C17H35,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C18H37, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C18H37, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C18H37, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C18H37, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C18H37, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C18H37, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C18H37,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C18H37, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C18H37, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C18H37, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C18H37, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C18H37, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C18H37, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C18H37,
O—(CH2—CH2O)—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)2—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)3—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)4—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)5—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)6—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH2—CH2O)7—C6H4—C9H19,
O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)2—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)3—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)4—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)5—C6H4—C9H19, O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)6—C6H4—C9H19 or O—(CH(CH3)—CH2O)7—C6H4—C9H19, where the hydrocarbon chains may be branched or unbranched.
The alkyl polyether group O—((CRII2)w—O—)vAlk cannot be an —O—CH2—CH2O—CH3— group.
The alkyl polyether group X as O—((CRII2)w—O—)vAlk may contain more than 6, preferably more than 8, more preferably more than 10, carbon atoms.
The alkyl polyether group X as O—((CH2—CH2—O—)u-Alk may contain more than 6, preferably more than 8, more preferably more than 10, carbon atoms.
The alkyl polyether group X as O—((CH2—CH2—O—)r-Alk may contain more than 7, preferably more than 10, more preferably more than 12, carbon atoms.
(Mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes of the general formula I may be:
Compounds of the formula I where Alk=C3H7, C4H9, C5H11, C6H13, C7H15, C8H17, C9H19, C10H21, C11H23, C12H25, C13H27, C14H29, C15H31, C16H33, C17H35, C18H37, C19H39 or C20H41 may be:
The (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes used may be compounds of the general formula II
(X)(X′)(X″)Si—RI-Hal II
where RI, X, X′ and X″ are each as defined above and Hal is chlorine, bromine, fluorine or iodine.
The (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes used may preferably be those which arise from the (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes listed above by the formal exchange of the HS-substituent for Hal-.
The (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane may be a (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane of the formula II or a mixture of (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes of the formula II.
Mercaptation reagents are compounds which can convert a halogen-C bond in a hydrocarbon to an HS—C bond.
The dry mercaptation reagents may have a water content of less than 2.5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferably less than 1% by weight, even more preferably less than 0.5% by weight, exceptionally preferably less than 0.2% by weight.
The water content of solid mercaptation reagents can be determined as follows: For the determination of water content, glass beads are moistened slightly, covered with phosphorus pentoxide and then filled into a U-tube. Approx. 3 g of the sample are weighed into a 50 ml flask, baked out at 320° C. under a nitrogen stream (30 ml/min) dried with Sicapent for 2 hours, and then left to stand under a nitrogen stream for another 30 min. The moist carrier gas is passed through a hose connection from the flask into the U-tube. Possible condensation between flask and U-tube is driven out during the baking-out phase with the aid of a hot air gun. The U-tube is weighed again and the amount of water released from the sulfuration reagents is determined gravimetrically.
The water content of mercaptation reagents formed in situ, for example from H2S and alkali metal alkoxides, can be determined by water determination in the reactants used for this purpose, for example the H2S and the alkali metal alkoxide.
The water content of mercaptation reagents formed in situ, for example from H2S and the solid dry Na2S reagent, can be determined by water determination in the reactants used for this purpose, for example the H2S and the solid dry Na2S.
The water content of mercaptation reagents formed in situ, for example ammonium hydrogensulfide from H2S and amine, can be determined by water determination in the reactants used for this purpose, for example the H2S and amine.
The dry mercaptation reagents required for the reaction may be alkali metal hydrogensulfide or ammonium hydrogensulfide.
The mercaptation reagent used may contain no urea derivatives or thiourea derivatives, or be formed therefrom.
The dry alkali metal hydrogensulfide used may be lithium hydrogensulfide (LiSH), sodium hydrogensulfide (NaSH), potassium hydrogensulfide (KSH) and cesium hydrogensulfide (CsSH).
The dry ammonium hydrogensulfide used may be (NH4)SH, NH3(Sub)SH, NH2(Sub)2SH or NH(Sub)3SH, where Sub is a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, aromatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic monovalent C1-C30-hydrocarbon group, preferably C1-C25-hydrocarbon group, more preferably C2-C20-hydrocarbon group, even more preferably C3-C16-hydrocarbon group, exceptionally preferably C11-C25-hydrocarbon group. The Sub group may be CH3, CH2—CH3, i-propyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl or phenyl.
The molar amount of dry mercaptation reagent used may, based on the amount of the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane used, be from 70 mol % to 150 mol %, preferably from 90 mol % to 125 mol %, more preferably from 95 mol % to 115 mol %, exceptionally preferably from 100 to 110 mol %.
Smaller than equimolar amounts of dry mercaptation reagents may lead to incomplete conversion. As a result, the product may subsequently either be contaminated with reactants, or a complicated purification, for example distillation, becomes necessary under some circumstances in order to separate reactants and products from one another.
The dry mercaptation reagents required for the reaction can be formed before or during the reaction.
The formation of the dry mercaptation reagents required may be completed before the reaction with the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane.
The dry alkali metal hydrogensulfides may be formed from water-containing alkali metal hydrogensulfides by drying. The drying may be an azeotropic drying, drying with infrared light, drying with microwaves, drying at elevated temperature, drying under reduced pressure, drying at elevated temperature and reduced pressure, or drying at reduced temperature (freeze-drying).
The dry mercaptation reagents required for the reaction can be formed from alkoxides and H2S before or during the reaction.
The alkoxides may be alkali metal alkoxides. Alkoxide may be mixtures of alkali metal alkoxides.
Preferred alkali metal alkoxides may be Na(O-Alk), Li(O-Alk), K(O-Alk), NaO-(CRII2—CRII2—O)v-Alk, LiO-(CRII2—CRII2—O)v-Alk and KO—(CRII2—CRII2—O)v-Alk. Particularly preferred alkali metal alkoxides may be Na—OMe, Na—OEt, Na—OC3H7, Na—O—C4H9, Li—OMe, Li—OEt, Li—OC3H7, Li—O—C4H9, K-OMe, K-OEt, K—OC3H7 or K—O—C4H9.
The dry mercaptation reagents required for the reaction can be formed from dry alkali metal sulfide and H2S before or during the reaction. Preferred alkali metal sulfides are Li2S, Na2S or K2S.
The dry alkali metal sulfides can be formed from alkoxides and H2S.
The dry alkali metal sulfides can be formed from water-containing alkali metal sulfides by drying. The drying may be an azeotropic drying, drying with infrared light, drying with microwaves, drying at elevated temperature, drying at reduced pressure, drying at elevated temperature and reduced pressure, or drying at reduced temperature (freeze-drying).
The dry mercaptation reagents required for the reaction may be formed from aqueous mercaptation reagents and desiccants before or during the reaction.
Desiccants may be halosilanes or alkoxysilanes.
The dry mercaptation reagents required for the reaction may be formed from water-containing mercaptation reagents and halosilanes before or during the reaction.
Halosilanes may contain 1, 2, 3 or 4 Hal bonds per silicon atom. Halosilanes may be chlorosilanes. Chlorosilanes may be (CH3)SiCl3, (CH3)2SiCl2, (CH3)3SiCl, SiCl4, (CH3CH2CH2)SiCl3, (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl3, (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl2(OMe), (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl2(OEt), (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl2(X), (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl(OMe)2, (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl(OEt)2, (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl(X)2, HSiCl3 or H2SiCl2.
Halosilanes may be mixtures of different halosilanes.
The dry mercaptation reagents required for the reaction can be formed from water-containing mercaptation reagents and alkoxysilanes before or during the reaction.
Alkoxysilanes may contain 1, 2, 3 or 4 (—O-Sub) substituents per silicon atom. Alkoxysilanes may be methoxysilanes, ethoxysilanes, propoxy- or butoxysilanes. Alkoxysilanes may be (CH3)Si(OMe)3, (CH3)2Si(OMe)2, (CH3)3SiOMe, SiOMe4, (CH3CH2CH2)Si(OMe)3, (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)Si(OMe)3, (CH3)Si(OEt)3, (CH3)2Si(OEt)2, (CH3)3SiOEt, SiOEt4, (CH3CH2CH2)Si(OEt)3, (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)Si(OEt)3, Si(OC3H7)4, Si(OC4H9)4, (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl2(OMe), (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl2(OEt), (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl2(X), (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl(OMe)2, (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl(OEt)2 or (Cl—CH2CH2CH2)SiCl(X)2.
Alkoxysilanes may be mixtures of different alkoxysilanes.
The dry mercaptation reagents required for the reaction may be formed from amines and H2S before or during the reaction. Amines may be (Sub)-NH2, (Sub)2NH, (Sub)3N. Amines may preferably be NH3, CH3—NH2, (CH3)2NH, (CH3)3N, CH3CH2—NH2, (CH3CH2)2NH, (CH3CH2)3N or C6H5—NH2.
The protonation of reactant compounds, from which alkali metal hydrogensulfide or ammonium hydrogensulfide is formed before or during the reaction, can be effected by H2S and/or organic and/or inorganic acids.
The deprotonation of the reactant compounds, from which alkali metal hydrogensulfide or ammonium hydrogensulfide can be formed before or during the reaction, can be effected by organic and/or inorganic bases.
The reactant compound from which alkali metal hydrogensulfide can be formed by deprotonation may be H2S.
The inorganic bases used for the deprotonation of H2S may, for example, be (alkali metal ion)2HPO4, (alkali metal ion)3PO4, (alkali metal ion)2CO3 or (alkali metal ion)2SO4. Preference may be given to using Na3PO4, K3PO4, Na2HPO4, K2HPO4, K2CO3, Na2CO3, Na2SO4 or K2SO4.
Before, during or after the reaction, additives may be added.
The additives used may preferably be, in pure or technical-grade quality, alkanes, for example pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane or octane,
ethers, for example diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dioxane, dioxolane, ethylene glycols or propylene glycols,
aromatics, for example benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene or p-xylene, or carbonyl compounds, for example dimethylformamide.
The additives used may be haloorganyl(halosilanes). The haloorganyl(halosilanes) used may be compounds of the general formulae III, IV or V
(X)3-fHalfSi—RI-Hal III
(X)2-hHalh(CH3)Si—RI-Hal IV
Hal(CH3)2Si—RI-Hal V
where
f is 1-3,
h is 1 or 2,
X, Hal and RI are each as defined above.
The (haloorganyl)halosilanes used may preferably be
The (haloorganyl)halosilane may be a (haloorganyl)halosilane of the general formulae III, IV or V or a mixture of (haloorganyl)halosilanes of the general formulae III, IV or V.
At the start of the reaction and/or during the reaction and/or at the end of the reaction, polar, protic, aprotic, basic or acidic additives may be added to the reaction mixture.
Additives may, for example, be H2S, (alkali metal ion)H2PO4, (alkali metal ion)2HPO4, (alkali metal ion)3PO4 (alkali metal ion)HCO3, (alkali metal ion)2CO3, (alkali metal ion)2SO4 or (alkali metal ion)HSO4. Preference may be given to using KH2PO4, K2HPO4, KHCO3, NaHCO3, K2CO3 or Na2CO3.
The crude product yield of the process according to the invention may, in the preparation of compounds of the general formula I, be greater than 70%, preferably greater than 85%, more preferably greater than 90%, even more preferably greater than 95%, based on the molar amount of the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane used.
The crude product yield may be the gravimetrically determined sum of all isolated silane compounds after solvents and solids have been removed.
In the preparation of compounds of the general formula I, the amount of the (X)(X′)(X″)Si—(RI)—S—(RI)—Si(X)(X′)(X″) formed as a by-product may be less than 50% by weight, preferably less than 15% by weight, more preferably less than 10% by weight, even more preferably less than 5% by weight, based on the amount of crude product.
The dry mercaptation reagents used in the preparation of compounds of the general formula I may be added to the reaction as solids or in solution.
The (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane, additives and solvents may be mixed with one another in any sequence, manner, temperature and duration, and only then can the dry mercaptation reagent be added.
The (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane, additives and the dry mercaptation reagent can be mixed with one another in any sequence, manner, temperature and duration, and only then can the solvent be added.
The dry mercaptation reagent, additives and the solvent can be mixed with one another in any sequence, manner, temperature and duration, and only then can the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane be added.
The (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane, the solvent and the dry mercaptation reagent can be mixed with one another in any sequence, manner, temperature and duration and only then can the additives be added.
(Mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes of the general formula I
(X)(X′)(X″)Si—RI—SH I
can be prepared by reacting dry mercaptation reagents with (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane of the general formula II
(X)(X′)(X″)Si—RI-Hal II
and optionally additives and/or solvents, preferably in a closed vessel with exclusion of air and under elevated pressure.
It is possible, by virtue of the selection of the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane, of the additives and of the solvent, to influence the composition of mixtures of compounds of the general formula I in an active and controlled manner.
The amount of hydrolyzable silicon halide in the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane may be between 1 and 1000 mg/kg.
The amount of hydrolyzable silicon halide in the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane may preferably be between 5 and 500 ppm, more preferably between 5 and 200 ppm, even more preferably between 10 and 50 ppm.
The amount of hydrolyzable silicon halide is determined by the following process:
Not more than 20 g of the sample are admixed in a 150 ml beaker with 80 ml of ethanol and 10 ml of acetic acid. The halide content is titrated potentiographically with silver nitrate solution (c(AgNO3)=0.01 mol/l).
The process according to the invention can be carried out without solvent or in the presence of solvents.
The solvents used may be mixtures of solvents.
Solvents may be nonalcoholic solvents. The nonalcoholic solvents used may be alkanes, for example pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane or octane, ethers, for example diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dioxane, dioxolane, ethylene glycols or propylene glycols, aromatic solvents, for example benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene or p-xylene, or carbonyl-containing solvents, for example dimethylformamide.
Solvents may be compressed gases. Compressed gases may be in the liquid state, in the near-critical state or in the supercritical state. Compressed gases may be H2S or NH3.
Solvents may be alcohols. The alcohols used may be primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols having 1-24, preferably 1-4 and 12-24, more preferably 1-4 and 12-18, carbon atoms.
The primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols used may be methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, i-butanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, linear or branched dodecanol, n-tridecanol, i-tridecanol, linear or branched tetradecanol, linear or branched hexadecanol, or linear or branched octadecanol.
The alcohols used may be alkyl ether alcohols of the formula HO—(CRIII2)—O-AlkI or HO—(CRIII2)g—O-AlkI or alkyl polyether alcohols of the formula HO—(CRIII2)g-AlkII or HO—(CRIII2—CRIII2—O)g-AlkII where g=2-20, preferably 2-10, more preferably 3-6,
RIII are each independently H or an alkyl group, preferably CH3 group, and
AlkI and AlkII are each independently a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, aromatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic monovalent C1-C35-hydrocarbon group, preferably C2-C25-hydrocarbon group, more preferably C3-C20-hydrocarbon group, even more preferably C6-C18-hydrocarbon group, exceptionally preferably C11-C18-hydrocarbon group.
The alkyl polyether alcohols used may be HO—(CH2—CH2—O)a—CbH2b+1, where a is from 2 to 20, preferably 2-10, more preferably 2-8, even more preferably 3-6, and b=1-30, preferably 2-20, more preferably 6-18, even more preferably 10-18.
Alkyl polyether alcohols may be
HO—(CH2—CH2—O)2—C6H13, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)3—C6H13, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)4—C6H13, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)5—C6H13, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)6—C6H13 HO—(CH2—CH2—O)7—C6H13, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)8—C6H13, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)9—C6H13,
HO—(CH2—CH2—O)2—C10H21, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)3—C10H21, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)4—C10H21, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)5—C10H21, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)6—C10H21, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)7—C10H21, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)8—C10H21, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)9—C10H21,
HO—(CH2—CH2—O)2—C13H27, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)3—C13H27, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)4—C13H27, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)5—C13H27, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)6—C13H27, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)7—C13H27, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)8—C13H27, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)9—C13H27,
HO—(CH2—CH2—O)2—C15H31, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)3—C15H31, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)4—C15H31, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)5—C15H31, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)6—C15H31, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)7—C15H31, HO—(CH2—CH2—O)8—C15H31 or HO—(CH2—CH2—O)9—C15H31.
The alcohols used may be mixtures of alcohols.
The alcohols used may be mixtures of alkyl polyether alcohols.
When the solvent is an alcohol, a portion of the alcohol used as the solvent may be incorporated into the product of the general formula I during the mercaptation reaction, by transesterification on the silicon.
The amount of solvent may be at least 0.1% by weight, preferably from 10 to 1000% by weight, more preferably from 25 to 500% by weight, even more preferably from 50 to 200% by weight, of the haloorganyl(alkyl polyether silanes) used when the solvent is not a compressed gas.
In the case of use of solvents which are not compressed gases, elevated pressure may be understood to mean an increased pressure of from 0.1 to 50 bar, preferably from 0.5 to 25 bar, more preferably from 0.5 to 10 bar, exceptionally preferably from 0.5 to 6 bar, above standard pressure.
In the case of use of compressed gases, elevated pressure may be understood to mean an increased pressure of from 0.1 to 250 bar, preferably from 0.5 to 200 bar, more preferably from 1 to 150 bar, exceptionally preferably from 1 to 100 bar, above standard pressure.
The reaction can be effected at temperatures between 0 and 200° C., preferably between 50 and 150° C., more preferably between 60 and 125° C., exceptionally preferably between 70 and 110° C.
The reaction temperature and/or pressure optimal on the basis of the yield of target product and exploitation of the reaction volume may vary according to the structure of the (haloorganyl)alkyoxysilane used and of the solvent.
The reaction can be effected in a closed vessel under protective gas.
The reaction can be effected in corrosion-resistant or corrosion-prone reaction vessels or autoclaves.
The reaction can preferably be effected in corrosion-resistant reaction vessels or autoclaves, for example made of glass, Teflon, enamelled or coated steel, Hastelloy or tantalum.
The amount of by-products may, by virtue of selection of the reaction conditions, be less than 20 mol %, preferably less than 15 mol %, more preferably less than 10 mol %, based on the (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane used.
In addition to the desired mercaptoorganylsilane compounds, the by-products formed may be the corresponding monosulfates, and also, depending on the structure of the monomeric mercaptoorganylsilane compound, various combinations of dimeric or oligomeric siloxanes formed from products or else products with reactants.
One advantage of the process according to the invention is the high conversions with short batch times and temperatures realizable in a technically simple manner.
The dried NaSH used is the commercial product from STREM/ABCR (water content: 0.1% by weight determined by the method described above).
The H2S used (purity 99.5%+) is purchased in a gas bottle from Aldrich.
The starting compounds
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 300 ml of dry i-propanol (Seccosolv) and 37.1 g of dry NaSH (ex STREM). 6.3 g of glacial acetic acid are added to the mixture and the autoclave is closed. 471.6 g of Cl—CH2—Si(Me)[(O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27]2 are added to the autoclave with a pump at 50° C. within 40 min. The suspension is stirred at 80° C. for 180 min. The solid present in the suspension is filtered off and washed with 50 ml of i-propanol. The filtrate is concentrated on a rotary evaporator. After the end filtration, 435.9 g of product are obtained.
The 13C NMR analysis of the resulting product shows, based on the silane compounds, the following average composition:
96% HS—CH2—Si(Me)(O—C3H6)0.52((O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27)1.48
4% Cl—CH2—Si(Me)(O—C3H6)0.52((O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27)1.48.
The polyether alcohol H—(O—CH2—CH2)g—O—C13H27 released in the transesterification is detectable in the 13C NMR spectrum.
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 300 ml of dry i-propanol (Seccosolv) and 37.5 g of dry NaSH (ex STREM). 6.3 g of glacial acetic acid are added to the mixture and the autoclave is closed. 283.5 g of Cl—CH2—Si(OEt)2[(O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27] are added to the autoclave with a pump at 50° C. within 40 min. The suspension is stirred at 80° C. for 180 min. The solid present in the suspension is filtered off. The filtrate is concentrated on a rotary evaporator. After the end filtration, 203.3 g of product are obtained.
The 13C NMR analysis of the resulting product shows, based on the silane compounds, the following averaged composition
HS—CH2—Si(O-Et)0.33(O—C3H7)1.56[(O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27]1.1.
The substitution of the Cl function with an HS function proceeds quantitatively according to the results of the NMR analyses.
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 97 g of dry i-propanol (Seccosolv) and 7.6 g of dried NaSH. 145 g of Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O—C2H5)[(O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27]2 are added to the autoclave with a pump. The suspension and the autoclave are purged with H2S for 15 min, then the autoclave is closed and adjusted to 1 bar gauge with H2S. The suspension is stirred at 50° C. for 30 min and then at 85° C. for 300 min. The resulting suspension is transferred to a flask, freed of the solvent by distillation and filtered. 136.7 g of product are obtained, which corresponds to 94.3% of theory.
The 1H NMR analysis of the resulting product shows that 100% of the Cl functions have been converted to HS functions, and 4% of these to further oxidation products with S2 functions.
The polyether alcohol H—(O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27 released in the esterification with i-propanol which takes place is detectable in the 13C NMR spectrum.
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 15.6 g of dried NaSH, and 300 g of Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O—C2H5)[(O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27]2 are added thereto with a pump. The suspension and the autoclave are purged with H2S for 15 min, then the autoclave is closed and adjusted to 1 bar gauge with H2S. The suspension is stirred at 50° C. for 30 min and at 110-120° C. for 300 min. The resulting suspension is filtered, transferred to a flask and freed of volatile constituents at 80° C. under reduced pressure for 30 min. 276.6 g of product are obtained, which corresponds to 92.6% of theory.
The 1H NMR analysis of the resulting product shows that 100% of the Cl functions have been converted to HS functions and 5.2% of them have been converted to further oxidation products with S2 functions.
The transesterification distribution on the silicon remains intact in the reaction and, according to NMR analyses, corresponds to that of the starting material Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si (O—C2H5)[(O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27]2.
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 15.6 g of dried NaSH, and 200 g of Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O—C2H5)2[(O—CH2—CH2)5—O—C13H27] are added thereto with a pump. The suspension and the autoclave are purged with H2S for 15 min, and then the autoclave is closed. The suspension is stirred at 75° C. for 30 min and then at 110-120° C. for 300 min. The resulting suspension is filtered and transferred to a flask. 185.2 g of product are obtained, which corresponds to 92.9% of theory.
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 15.6 g of dried NaSH, and 257 g of Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O—C2H5)2[(O—CH2—CH2)10—O—C13H27] are added thereto with a pump. The suspension and the autoclave are purged with H2S for 15 min, and then the autoclave is closed. The suspension is stirred at 50° C. for 30 min and then at 110-120° C. for 300 min. The resulting suspension is filtered and transferred to a flask. 246.7 g of product are obtained, which corresponds to 96.2% of theory.
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 15.6 g of dried NaSH, and 350 g of Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O—C2H5)2[(O—CH2—CH2)18—O—C13H27] are added thereto with a pump. The suspension and the autoclave are purged with H2S for 15 min, and then the autoclave is closed. The suspension is stirred at 50° C. for 30 min and then at 110-120° C. for 300 min. The resulting suspension is filtered and transferred to a flask. 336.4 g of product are obtained, which corresponds to 96.3% of theory.
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 15.6 g of dried NaSH, and 101.5 g of Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O-Et)[(O—CH2—CH2)—O—C4H9]2 are added thereto with a pump. The suspension and the autoclave are purged with H2S for 15 min, and then the autoclave is closed. The suspension is stirred at 50° C. for 30 min and then at 110-120° C. for 300 min. The resulting suspension is filtered and transferred to a flask. 93.6 g of product are obtained, which corresponds to 92.8% of theory.
According to 1H NMR analyses, only 22% of all Cl-propyl functions have been converted to HS-propyl functions.
The transesterification distribution on the silicon is unchanged compared to the starting material Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O-Et)[(O—CH2—CH2)—O—C4H9]2 according to NMR analyses.
A Buechi glass autoclave is initially charged with 15.6 g of dried NaSH, and 110 g of Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O-Et)[(O—CH2—CH2)2—O—C2H5]2 are added thereto with a pump. The suspension and the autoclave are purged with H2S for 15 min and then the autoclave is closed. The suspension is stirred at 50° C. for 30 min and then at 110-120° C. for 300 min. The resulting suspension is filtered and transferred to a flask. 98 g of product are obtained, which corresponds to 90.8% of theory.
According to 1H NMR analyses, only 63% of all Cl-propyl functions have been converted to HS-propyl functions.
The transesterification distribution on the silicon is unchanged compared to the starting material Cl—CH2—CH2—CH2—Si(O-Et)[(O—CH2—CH2)2—O—C2H5]2 according to NMR analyses.
Korth, Karsten, Albert, Philipp, Kiefer, Ingo, Laur, Dirk
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