A method for charging a battery module including a plurality of parallelly-connected battery cell sets in multiple stages is provided. In the present invention, a constant current charging is applied for charging the battery module in an initial stage of charging through the method of voltage control or current control. Then, the charging current is lowered substantially to reduce the charging speed when the voltage of one of the battery cell sets exceeds a safety value or a total voltage of the battery module itself reaches a rated voltage. Accordingly, a safety problem of the battery can be avoided and battery life can be prolonged.
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11. A method for charging a battery module of a portable electronic apparatus in multiple stages, suitable for the battery module, the method comprising:
x. charging the battery module via a trickle charging;
y. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a charging starting voltage;
a. charging the battery module with a first predetermined current via constant current charging if the voltage of the battery module reaches the charging starting voltage;
b. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage;
c. charging the battery module with a second predetermined current via the constant current charging, wherein the second predetermined current equals to the first predetermined current minus a current difference value;
d. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a second predetermined voltage;
e. maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via constant voltage charging;
f. determining whether or not the battery module is fulfilled; and
g. maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled.
1. A method for charging a battery module of a portable electronic apparatus in multiple stages, suitable for the battery module comprising a plurality of parallely-connected battery cell sets, the method comprising:
x. charging the battery module via a trickle charging;
y. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a charging starting voltage;
a. charging the battery module with a first predetermined current via constant current charging if the voltage of the battery module reaches the charging starting voltage;
b. determining whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage;
c. charging the battery module with a second predetermined current via the constant current charging, wherein the second predetermined current equals to the first predetermined current minus a current difference value;
d. determining whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches a second predetermined voltage;
e. maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via constant voltage charging;
f. determining whether or not the battery module is fulfilled; and
g. maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled.
2. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
3. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
4. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
adjusting the power supplied to the battery module for maintaining the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the first predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging; and
determining whether or not the current flowing through the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage reaches a third predetermined current, wherein if the current of the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage reaches the third predetermined current, the power supplied to the battery module is adjusted again for maintaining the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the second predetermined current via the constant current charging.
5. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
going back to step a. for continuously maintaining the battery module to be charged with the first predetermined current via the constant current charging if the voltage of each parallely-connected battery cell set still not reaches the first predetermined voltage.
6. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
7. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
e1. reducing the charging current supplied to the battery module by a level;
e2. determining whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage;
e3. reducing the charging current supplied to the battery module by the level again when the voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets reaches the second predetermined voltage; and
e4. repeating the steps e2 and e3 for maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging.
8. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
e1. reducing the charging voltage supplied to the battery module by a level;
e2. determining whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage;
e3. reducing the charging voltage supplied to the battery module by the level again when the voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets reaches the second predetermined voltage; and
e4. repeating the steps e2 and e3 for maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging.
9. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
determining whether or not the current flowing through the battery module is less than a minimum current;
determining the battery module to be fulfilled if the current flowing through the battery module is less than the minimum current; and
determining the battery module to be still not fulfilled if the current flowing through the battery module is greater than the minimum current.
10. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
12. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
13. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
14. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
adjusting the power supplied to the battery module for maintaining the battery module to be charged with the first predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging; and
determining whether or not the current flowing through the battery module reaches a third predetermined current, wherein if the current flowing through the battery module reaches the third predetermined current, the power supplied to the battery module is adjusted again for maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined current via the constant current charging.
15. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
going back to step a. for continuously maintaining the battery module to be charged with the first predetermined current via the constant current charging if the voltage of the battery module still not reaches the first predetermined voltage.
16. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
17. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
e1. reducing the charging current supplied to the battery module by a level;
e2. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage;
e3. reducing the charging current supplied to the battery module by the level again when the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage; and
e4. repeating the steps e2 and e3 for maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging.
18. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
e1. reducing the charging voltage supplied to the battery module by a level;
e2. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage;
e3. reducing the charging voltage supplied to the battery module by the level again when the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage; and
e4. repeating the steps e2 and e3 for maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging.
19. The method for charging a battery module in multiple stages as claimed in
determining whether or not the current flowing through the battery module is less than a minimum current;
determining the battery module to be fulfilled if the current flowing through the battery module is less than the minimum current; and
determining the battery module to be still not fulfilled if the current flowing through the battery module is greater than the minimum current.
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This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 96121485, filed on Jun. 14, 2007. The entirety the above-mentioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of specification.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for charging a battery module. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for charging a smart battery module in multiple stages.
2. Description of Related Art
With increasing performance of a processor, increasing of application programs, and advancing of graphic functions, power requirement of a portable computer is increased accordingly. To cope with the power requirement of the portable computer during normal operation thereof, a plurality of parallelly-connected battery cell sets is generally connected in serial and assembled in a battery module, so as to provide sufficient power for the portable computer.
As battery capacity increases, how to rapidly and safely charge the battery module has become one of the major subjects to various manufacturers. Due to special design of the battery module, the power of the battery module may be varied in different time points or under different charging environment, and therefore a plurality of charging methods are developed based on the above features of the battery module.
A power management circuit disclosed in Taiwan patent No. 250713 is used for controlling charging parameters provided to a battery.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a method for charging a battery module in multiple stages, in which by detecting voltage variations of each parallelly-connected battery cell set in the battery module, and reducing a charging current thereof when the voltage of the parallelly-connected battery cell set reaches a safety value for a current difference value, so as to protect the parallelly-connected battery cell sets from over charging.
The present invention is directed to a method for charging a battery module in multiple stages, in which by detecting voltage variations of each parallelly-connected battery cell set of the battery module, and suitably adjusting a charging current thereof when the voltage of the parallelly-connected battery cell set reaches a safety value, the parallelly-connected battery cell set then may be protected from over charging.
To achieve the aforementioned and other objectives, the present invention provides a method for charging a battery module in multiple stages, which is suitable for the battery module including a plurality of parallelly-connected battery cell sets. The method includes the following steps: a. adjusting power supplied to the battery module for maintaining the battery module to be charged with a first predetermined current via constant current charging; b. determining whether or not voltage of each parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage; c. adjusting the power supplied to the battery module if the voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets reaches the first predetermined voltage, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set with a maximum voltage to be charged with a second predetermined current via the constant current charging, wherein the second predetermined current equals to the first predetermined current minus a current difference value; d. determining whether or not the voltage of each parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches a second predetermined voltage; e. adjusting the power supplied to the battery module if the voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets reaches the second predetermined voltage, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via constant voltage charging; f. determining whether or not the battery module is fulfilled; g. continuously charging the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled if the battery module is not fulfilled.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step c further includes following steps. The power supplied to the battery module is adjusted when the voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets reaches the first predetermined voltage, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the first predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging. Then, whether the current of the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage reaches a third predetermined current is determined. When the current of the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage reaches the third predetermined value, the power supplied to the battery module is continuously adjusted, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the second predetermined current via the constant current charging.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if the method of adjusting the power supplied to the battery module is to adjust a charging current thereof, the step e. of adjusting the power supplied to the battery module to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging includes: e1. reducing the charging current supplied to the battery module by a level; e2. determining whether or not the voltage of each parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage; e3. reducing the charging current supplied to the battery module by the level again if the voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets reaches the second predetermined voltage; e4. repeatedly performing the steps e2. and e3., so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if the method of adjusting the power supplied to the battery module is to adjust a charging voltage thereof, the step e. of adjusting the power supplied to the battery module to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging includes: e1. reducing the charging voltage supplied to the battery module by a level; e2. determining whether or not the voltage of each parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage; e3. reducing the charging voltage supplied to the battery module by the level again if voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets reaches the second predetermined voltage; e4. repeatedly performing the steps e2. and e3., so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined voltage and the second predetermined voltage are a maximum voltage that the parallely-connected battery cell sets may bear for safe operation. In another embodiment, the first predetermined voltage equals to the maximum voltage that the parallely-connected battery cell sets may bear for safe operation minus a voltage difference value, and the second predetermined voltage equals to the maximum voltage that the parallely-connected battery cell sets may bear for safe operation.
The present invention provides a method for charging a battery module in multiple stages, which is suitable for a battery module, the method includes the following steps: a. adjusting power supplied to the battery module to maintain the battery module to be charged with a first predetermined current via constant current charging; b. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage; c. adjusting the power supplied to the battery module if the voltage of the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with a second predetermined current via the constant current charging, wherein the second predetermined current equals to the first predetermined current minus a current difference value; d. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a second predetermined voltage; e. adjusting the power supplied to the battery module if the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via constant voltage charging; f. determining whether or not the battery module is fulfilled; g. continuously charging the battery module with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled if the battery module is not fulfilled.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step c further includes: adjusting the power supplied to the battery module when the voltage of the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the first predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging; and determining whether or not current of the battery module reaches a third predetermined current; and continuously adjusting the power supplied to the battery module when the current of battery module reaches the third predetermined value, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined current via the constant current charging.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if the method of adjusting the power supplied to the battery module is to adjust a charging current thereof, the step e. of adjusting the power supplied to the battery module to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging then includes: e1. reducing the charging current supplied to the battery module by a level; e2. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage; e3. reducing the charging current supplied to the battery module by the level again if the voltage in the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage; e4. repeatedly performing the steps e2. and e3., so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if the method of adjusting the power supplied to the battery module is to adjust a charging voltage thereof, the step e. of adjusting the power supplied to the battery module to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging then includes: e1. reducing the charging voltage supplied to the battery module by a level; e2. determining whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage; e3. reducing the charging voltage supplied to the battery module by the level again if the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage; e4. repeatedly performing the steps e2. and e3., so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage via the constant voltage charging.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined voltage and the second predetermined voltage are a maximum voltage that the battery module may bear for safe operation. In another embodiment, the first predetermined voltage equals to the maximum voltage that the battery module may bear for safe operation minus a voltage difference value, and the second predetermined voltage equals to the maximum voltage that the battery module may bear for safe operation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method of determining whether or not the battery module is fulfilled includes determining whether or not current flowing through the battery module is less than a minimum current, if yes, the battery module is then determined to be fulfilled; if not, the battery module is then determined to be not fulfilled.
In the present invention, by voltage control or current control, a constant current charging is applied for charging the battery module in an initial charging stage, and when the voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets reaches the safety value or the overall voltage of the battery module itself reaches a rated voltage thereof, the constant voltage charging is applied and the charging current is greatly reduced, so as to avoid a safety problem of the battery and prolong the lifespan of the battery.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, a preferred embodiment accompanied with figures is described in detail below.
Apparatus with relatively high power consumption, such as a notebook computer, generally requires a battery module consisted of a plurality of parallely-connected battery cell sets to obtain sufficient power for operation. However, since such battery module includes the plurality of parallely-connected battery cell sets, the volumes and charge/discharge states of these parallely-connected battery cell sets may be changed after long time utilization. Therefore, the states of the parallely-connected battery cell sets can not be guaranteed to be the same, and the charge or discharging performed thereon according to initial settings is no longer suitable.
Accordingly, to prevent the battery module from over charging, a smart battery module is developed, which may supervise the voltage of each parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module, so as to adjust charging current or charging voltage supplied to the battery module. The present invention provides a method for charging the battery module in multiple stages, in which the smart battery module is applied, and factors of safety and charging efficiency etc. are all taken into consideration. To further convey the spirit of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention are provided below.
When the voltage of the battery module is closed to its rated voltage, chargeable places (hole) thereof are greatly reduced, and now if the battery module is still charged with a high current continuously, safety of the battery module cannot be ensured. Accordingly, in an embodiment of the present invention, when the voltage of one of the parallely-connected battery cell sets in the battery module reaches a maximum voltage that the battery module may bear for safe operation, the charging current supplied to the parallely-connected battery cell set is reduced by a certain level, so as to maintain the safety of the battery module.
Next, whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage V1 is determined (step S420). The first predetermined voltage V1 represents a maximum voltage (i.e. a rated voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set) that a certain parallely-connected battery cell set may bear for safe operation, and is used for limiting the voltage of an individual parallely-connected battery cell set. In the present embodiment, the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set is limited within the first predetermined voltage V1, so that the battery module may be charged while the safety of each parallely-connected battery cell set therein is guaranteed.
Back to the step S420, if the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1, it represents the charging voltage supplied to the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the maximum voltage that the parallely-connected battery cell set may bear. Now, to ensure the safety of the parallely-connected battery cell set, a second charging stage (t=t1˜t2) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging is decreased, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with a second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging (step S430), wherein the second predetermined current I2 equals to the first predetermined current I1 minus a current difference value ΔI (shown as a current curve 520 of
To ensure the voltage of each parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module does not exceed the rated voltage, in the present embodiment, the charging current supplied to the battery module is adjusted, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged by the constant current charging.
It should be noted that while maintaining the parallely-connected battery cell set to be charged with the second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging, whether or not the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again is further determined (step S440). As described above, the first predetermined voltage V1 is the maximum voltage that the parallely-connected battery cell set may bear for safe operation. When the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again, it represents the parallely-connected battery cell set is approximately fulfilled, and now a third charging stage (t=t2˜t3) of the present embodiment is started, by which the charging current supplied to the parallely-connected battery cell set is adjusted, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the first predetermined voltage V1 via the constant voltage charging (step S450).
Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is determined (step S460). The method of determining whether or not the battery module is fulfilled includes determining whether or not current flowing through the battery module is less than a minimum current value, and if yes, it represents the battery module is approximately fulfilled, and therefore the required current may be gradually decreased as the same voltage is supplied, and now the battery module may be determined to be fulfilled, and the charging of the battery module is then stopped (step S470); on the other hand, if the current flowing through the battery module is still greater than the minimum current, it represents the battery module is still not fulfilled, and the step S450 is repeated for continuously charging the parallely-connected battery cell set by the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled.
Moreover, another embodiment is provided for describing how to adjust the charging current for maintaining the parallely-connected battery cell set to be charged by the constant voltage charging in the step S450.
In the present embodiment, an initial situation is that the voltage of a certain parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the rated voltage. To prevent the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set from exceeding the rated voltage, the charging current supplied to the battery module is reduced by a level (step S451). Such level is determined according to an actual requirement defined by different charger manufacturers, which is not limited by the present invention. Moreover, after the charging current is reduced, the charging voltage remains unchanged, though the voltage of the battery module is slightly decreased along with the decreasing of the received charging current, and the decreasing range of the voltage is influenced by the decreasing range of the charging current. To maintain a fixed charging voltage, the decreasing range of the level of the charging current is relatively small, so as to maintain a charging voltage curve of
After the level of the charging voltage is decreased, the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set drops slightly, and therefore whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches the rated voltage is determined again (step S452), and if yes, the charging current is reduced by the level again (step S453). Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is then determined (S460), if yes, charging in the battery module is stopped (step S470); and if not, the. aforementioned steps of level decrement and voltage judgement are repeated until the battery module is fulfilled.
Through the control of the charging current as described above, a constant current charging is applied in the initial charging stage. When the voltage of a certain parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the rated voltage, the charging current is greatly reduced, and when the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set again reaches the rated voltage, a constant voltage charging is then applied. Therefore, the safety problem of the battery module in the prior art is avoided, and lifespan of the battery module is prolonged.
It should be noted that before the step of adjusting the charging current supplied to the battery module for maintaining the parallely-connected battery cell set to be charged by the constant current charging, the method of the present embodiment further includes following steps. First, a trickle charging is applied to the battery module. Next, whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a charging starting voltage is determined. If yes, the constant current charging is then applied to the battery module. The reason of applying such steps is that when applying a high current to charging an over discharged or deep discharged battery, it is relatively difficult to restore a full volume of the battery, and therefore when the power of the battery is extremely low, the trickle charging has to be applied for protecting the battery.
Besides the “current control” during charging the battery module as described above, the “voltage control” may also be applied for charging-the battery module, and an embodiment thereof is provided below.
Next, whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage V1 is determined (step S720). Wherein, if the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1, it represents the charging voltage supplied to the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the maximum voltage that the parallely-connected battery cell set may bear. Now, to ensure the safety of the parallely-connected battery cell set, a second charging stage (t=t1˜t2) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging is gradually decreased, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with a second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging (step S730), wherein the second predetermined current I2 equals to the first predetermined current I1 minus a current difference value ΔI, and the current difference value ΔI may be 20%˜50% of the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging, which is not strictly limited.
To ensure the voltage of each parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module does not exceed the rated voltage, in the present embodiment, the charging voltage supplied to the battery module is adjusted, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged by a constant current charging.
Similarly, while maintaining the parallely-connected battery cell set to be charged with the second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging, whether or not the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again is further determined (step S740). When the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again, a third charging stage (t=t2˜t3) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the charging voltage supplied to the battery module is adjusted, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the first predetermined voltage V1 via the constant voltage charging (step S750).
Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is determined (step S760). Wherein, if the current flowing through the battery module is gradually decreased to be less than a minimum current, the battery module then may be determined to be fulfilled, and the charging of the battery module is then stopped (step S770); on the other hand, if the current flowing through the battery module is still greater than the minimum current, it represents the battery module is still not fulfilled, and the step S750 is then repeated for continuously charging the battery module by the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled.
As described above, a main difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the present embodiment, the charging current and charging voltage supplied to the battery module is controlled by adjusting the “charging voltage”. Another embodiment is provided below for describing how to adjust the charging voltage for maintaining the battery module to be charged by the constant voltage charging.
Referring to
In the present embodiment, an initial situation is that the voltage of a certain parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the rated voltage again. To prevent the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set from exceeding the rated voltage, the charging voltage supplied to the battery module is first reduced by a level (step S751). After the charging voltage is reduced, the charging current thereof remains unchanged, though the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set is slightly decreased along with the decreasing of the received charging voltage, and the decreasing range of the voltage is influenced by the decreasing range of the charging voltage. To maintain a fixed voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set, the decreasing range of the level of the charging voltage is relatively small, so as to maintain a charging voltage curve 830 of
After the level of the charging voltage is decreased, the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set drops slightly, and therefore whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches the rated voltage is determined again (step S752), and if yes, the charging voltage is reduced by the level again (step S753). Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is then determined (S760), if yes, the charging of the battery module is stopped (step S770); and if not, the steps of reducing level of the charging voltage and determining voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set are repeated until the battery module is fulfilled.
Through the control of the charging voltage as described above, a constant current charging is applied in the initial charging stage. When the voltage of a certain parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the rated voltage, the charging current is greatly reduced, and when the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the rated voltage again, a constant voltage charging is then applied. Therefore, the safety problem of the battery module in the prior art is avoided, and lifespan of the battery module is prolonged.
In both two aforementioned embodiments, the charging current is greatly decreased for protecting the battery module when the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the rated voltage. Compared to the aforementioned embodiments, in the present embodiment, the time point for “greatly reducing the charging current” is delayed, namely, when the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the rated voltage, the parallely-connected battery cell set is first charged with the rated voltage via the constant voltage charging, until the charging voltage is gradually decreased to a certain low charging current, and then the charging current is greatly reduced to accelerate charging speed of the battery module.
Next, whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage V1 is determined (step S1020). Wherein, if the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1, it represents the charging voltage supplied to the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the maximum voltage that the parallely-connected battery cell set may bear. Now, to ensure the safety of the parallely-connected battery cell set, a second charging stage (t=t1˜t2) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging is gradually decreased, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the first predetermined current I1 via constant voltage charging (step S1030).
During, the constant voltage charging, since the battery module is gradually charged to be full, the charging current supplied to the battery module drops gradually. Now, to ensure the safety of the parallely-connected battery cell set, whether or not the charging current supplied to the parallely-connected battery cell set drops to a second predetermined current I2 is determined (step S1040). When the charging current supplied to the parallely-connected battery cell set drops to the second predetermined current I2, a third charging stage (t=t2˜t3) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage originally maintained to be charged with the first predetermined voltage V1 via the constant voltage charging is now changed to be charged with a third predetermined current I3 via the constant current charging (step S1050). Similar to the second predetermined current I2 of the first embodiment, the third predetermined current I3 equals to the first predetermined current I1 minus a current difference value ΔI, and the current difference value ΔI may be 20%˜50% of the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging, which is not strictly limited.
It should be noted that while maintaining the parallely-connected battery cell set to be charged with the third predetermined current I3 via the constant current charging, whether or not the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again is further determined (step S1060). When the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again, it represents the parallely-connected battery cell set is approximately fulfilled, and a fourth charging stage (t=t3˜t4) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the charging voltage supplied to the battery module is adjusted, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the first predetermined voltage V1 via the constant voltage charging (step S1070).
Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is determined (step S1080). The method of determining whether or not the battery module is fulfilled includes determining whether or not current flowing through the battery module is less than a minimum current value, and if yes, it represents the battery module is approximately fulfilled, and therefore the required current may be gradually decreased as the same voltage is supplied, and now the battery module may be determined to be fulfilled, and charging in the battery module is then stopped (step S1090); on the other hand, if the current flowing through the battery module is still greater than the minimum current, it represents the battery module is still not fulfilled, and the step S1070 is repeated for continuously charging the parallely-connected battery cell set by the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled.
Based on the charging method of the present embodiment, by delaying the operation of “greatly reducing the charging current” compared to the first and the second embodiments, each parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module may be charged with sufficient power, and the charging speed thereof is improved.
Compared to the third embodiment which delays the time point for “greatly reducing the charging current”, in the present embodiment, the time point for “greatly reducing the charging current” is moved forward, namely, the rated voltage used for determining whether to reduce the charging current is reduced, so as to reduce the charging current as early as possible for protecting the battery module.
Next, whether or not the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set in the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage V1 is determined (step S1220). It should be noted that the difference between the present embodiment and the third embodiment is that the first predetermined voltage V1 is set to be a maximum voltage (i.e. a rated voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set, for example a voltage V2 shown in
Back to the step S1220, if the voltage of any parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the first predetermined voltage V1, it represents the charging voltage supplied to the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the maximum voltage that the parallely-connected battery cell set may bear. Now, to ensure the safety of the parallely-connected battery cell set, a second charging stage (t=t1˜t2) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging is decreased, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with a second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging (step S1230), wherein the second predetermined current I2 equals to the first predetermined current I1 minus a current difference value ΔI, and the current difference value ΔI may be 20%˜50% of the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging, which is not strictly limited.
It should be noted that while maintaining the parallely-connected battery cell set to be charged with the second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging, whether or not the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches a second predetermined voltage V2 again is further determined (step S1240). The second predetermined voltage V2 is a maximum voltage (i.e. the rated voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set) that the parallely-connected battery cell set may bear for safe operation. When the voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set reaches the second predetermined voltage V2 again, it represents the parallely-connected battery cell set is approximately fulfilled, and now a third charging stage (t=t2˜t3) of the present embodiment is started, in which the charging current supplied to the battery module is adjusted, so as to maintain the parallely-connected battery cell set having the maximum voltage to be charged with the second predetermined voltage V2 via the constant voltage charging (step S1250).
Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is determined (step S1260). The method of determining whether or not the battery module is fulfilled includes determining whether or not the current flowing through the battery module is less than a minimum current value, and if yes, it represents the battery module is approximately fulfilled, and therefore the required current may be gradually decreased as the same voltage is supplied, and now the battery module may be determined to be fulfilled, and the charging of the battery module is then stopped (step S1270); on the other hand, if the current flowing through the battery module is still greater than the minimum current, it represents the battery module is still not fulfilled, and the step S1250 is repeated for continuously charging the parallely-connected battery cell set by the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled.
According to the battery module charging method of the present embodiment, the time point for “greatly reducing the charging current” is moved forward compared to the first and the second embodiments, and therefore the reduction of lifespan of the parallely-connected battery cell sets in the battery module due to over charging is avoided, and the safety of the battery module is ensured. The use of the aforementioned four embodiments may be selected according to an actual requirement, which is not limited by the present invention.
In the aforementioned four embodiments, the “voltage of the parallely-connected battery cell set” is taken as a judgement condition for greatly reducing the charging current. However, the “voltage of the whole battery module” may also be taken as the judgement condition for “greatly reducing the charging current”. The present embodiment corresponds to the first embodiment, by which when the voltage of the battery module reaches the rated voltage, the charging current thereof is greatly reduced for protecting the battery module.
Next, whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage V1 is determined (step S1420). The first predetermined voltage V1 represents a maximum voltage (i.e. a rated voltage of the battery module) that the battery module may bear for safe operation. In the present embodiment, the voltage of the battery module is limited within the first predetermined voltage V1, so as to charge the battery module while guaranteeing the safety of the battery module.
Back to the step S1420, if the voltage of the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage V1, it represents the charging voltage supplied to the battery module reaches the maximum voltage that the battery module may bear. Now, to ensure the safety of the battery module, a second charging stage (t=t1˜t2) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging is decreased, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with a second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging (step S1430), wherein the second predetermined current I2equals to the first predetermined current I1 minus a current difference value ΔI (shown as a current curve 1520 of
It should be noted that while maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging, whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again is further determined (step S1440). As described above, the first predetermined voltage V1 is the maximum voltage that the battery module may bear for safe operation. When the voltage of the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again, it represents the battery module is approximately fulfilled, and now a third charging stage (t=t2˜t3) of the present embodiment is started, in which the charging current supplied to the battery module is adjusted, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the first predetermined voltage V1 via the constant voltage charging (step S1450).
Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is determined (step S1460). When the battery module is determined to be fulfilled, the charging of the battery module is then stopped (step S1470); on the other hand, if the battery module is still not fulfilled, the step S1450 is repeated for continuously charging the battery module by the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled.
In the aforementioned five embodiments, the charging current is greatly decreased for protecting the battery module when the voltage of the battery module reaches the rated voltage. Compared to the aforementioned embodiments, in the present embodiment, the time point for “greatly reducing the charging current” is delayed, namely, when the voltage of the battery module reaches the rated voltage, the battery module is first charged with the rated voltage via the constant voltage charging until the charging voltage is gradually decreased to a certain low charging current, and then the charging current is greatly reduced to accelerate the charging speed of the battery module.
Next, whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage V1 is determined (step S1620). Wherein, if the voltage of the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage V1, it represents the charging voltage supplied to the battery module reaches the maximum voltage that the battery module may bear. Now, to ensure the safety of the battery module, a second charging stage (t=t1˜t2) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging is gradually decreased, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the first predetermined voltage V1 via the constant voltage charging (step S1630).
During the constant voltage charging, since the battery module is gradually charged to be full, the charging current supplied to the battery module drops gradually. Now, to ensure the safety of the battery module, whether or not the charging current supplied to the battery module drops to a second predetermined current I2 is determined (step S1640). When the charging current supplied to the battery module drops to the second predetermined current I2, a third charging stage (t=t2˜t3) of the present embodiment is then started, by which the battery module originally maintained to be charged with the first predetermined voltage V1 via the constant voltage charging is now changed to be charged with a third predetermined current I3 via the constant current charging (step S1650). Similar to the second predetermined current I2 of the fifth embodiment, the third predetermined current I3 equals to the first predetermined current I1 minus a current difference value ΔI, and the current difference value ΔI may be 20%˜50% of the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging, which is not strictly limited.
It should be noted that while maintaining the battery module to be charged with the third predetermined current I3 via the constant current charging, whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage V1 again is further determined (step S1660). As described above, the first predetermined voltage V1 is a maximum voltage that the battery module may bear for safe operation. When the voltage of the battery module again reaches the first predetermined voltage V1, it represents the first predetermined voltage V1 is approximately fulfilled, and a fourth charging stage (t=t3˜t4) of the present embodiment is then started, by which the charging voltage supplied to the battery module is adjusted, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the first predetermined voltage V1 via the constant voltage charging (step S1670).
Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is determined (step S1680). If the battery module is determined to be fulfilled, the charging of the battery module is then stopped (step S1690); on the other hand, if the battery module is still not fulfilled, the step S1670 is repeated for continuously charging the battery module by the constant voltage charging until the battery module is fulfilled.
Compared to the sixth embodiment which delays the time point for “greatly reducing the charging current”, in the present embodiment, the time point for “greatly reducing the charging current” is moved forward, namely, the rated voltage used for determining whether to reduce the charging current is reduced, so as to reduce the charging current as early as possible for protecting the battery module.
Next, whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a first predetermined voltage V1 is determined (step S1820). It should be noted that the difference between the present embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that the first predetermined voltage V1 is set to be a maximum voltage (i.e. a rated voltage of the battery module) that the battery module may bear for safe operation minus a voltage difference value ΔV, so as to reduce the charging voltage as early as possible for protecting the battery module.
Back to the step S1820, if the voltage of the battery module reaches the first predetermined voltage V1, it represents the charging voltage supplied to the battery module reaches the maximum voltage that the battery module may bear. Now, to ensure the safety of the battery module, a second charging stage (t=t1˜t2) of the present embodiment is then started, in which the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging is decreased, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with a second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging (step S1830), wherein the second predetermined current I2 equals to the first predetermined current I1 minus a current difference value ΔI, and the current difference value ΔI may be 20%˜50% of the first predetermined current I1 used for constant current charging, which is not strictly limited.
It should be noted that while maintaining the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined current I2 via the constant current charging, whether or not the voltage of the battery module reaches a second predetermined voltage V2 again is further determined (step S1840). The second predetermined voltage V2 is the maximum voltage (i.e. the rated voltage of the battery module) that the battery module may bear for safe operation. When the voltage of the battery module reaches the second predetermined voltage V2, it represents the battery module is approximately fulfilled, and now a third charging stage (t=t2˜t3) of the present embodiment is started, in which the charging current supplied to the battery module is adjusted, so as to maintain the battery module to be charged with the second predetermined voltage V2 via the constant voltage charging (step S1850).
Finally, whether or not the battery module is fulfilled is determined (step S1860). If the battery module is determined to be fulfilled, the charging of the battery module is then stopped (step S1870); on the other hand, if the battery module is still not fulfilled, the step S1860 is repeated for continuously charging the battery module by the constant voltage charging, until the battery module is fulfilled.
In the aforementioned third to the seventh embodiments, the battery module is charged based on the “control of the charging current”. However, as a relation between the second embodiment (the control of the charging voltage) and the first embodiment (the control of the charging current), in the third to the seventh embodiments, the battery module may also be charged based on the “control of the charging voltage”, and the charging methods thereof are the same or similar to that of the second embodiment, and the detailed description thereof will not be repeated.
In summary, the method for charging a battery module in multiple stages of the present invention has at least the following advantages:
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
Chen, Chia-Chang, Kung, Shao-Tsu, Chuang, Chih-Tarng
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