Disclosed is a dividing wall column for preparing high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate, and a method for distilling 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate. The dividing wall column provides an effect having two distillation columns through one distillation column, thereby having an effect of reducing energy compared to the conventional processing device in preparing high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate and an effect of reducing equipment costs of the device.
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1. A dividing wall column comprising a main column comprising: a condenser;
a reboiler; and
a dividing wall,
wherein the main column is divided into a top zone, an upper inflow zone, an upper outflow zone, a lower inflow zone, a lower outflow zone, and a bottom zone, and comprises at least one inflow stream and at least three outflow streams,
wherein the at least one inflow stream is a stream that a feed containing crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate flows into an inflow middle plate where the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone of the main column contact each other, and one or more of the outflow streams is a stream of 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.
2. The dividing wall column of
3. The dividing wall column of
4. The dividing wall column of
5. The dividing wall column of
6. The dividing wall column of
7. The dividing wall column of
T1a=−0.02P2+1.7P+62 T2a=−0.02P2+1.7P+72 [Equation 1] where T1a and T2a are temperatures (° C.), and P is a pressure in the top zone (torr), provided that 1≦P≦70.
8. The dividing wall column of
T1b=−0.0267P2+1.5333P+118 T2b=−0.0267P2+1.5333P+128 [Equation 2] where T1b and T2b are temperatures (° C.), and P is a pressure in the top zone (torr), provided that 1≦P≦70.
9. The dividing wall column of
T1c=−0.0267P2+1.7333P+100 T2c=−0.0267P2+1.7333P+110 [Equation 3] wherein T1c and T2c are temperatures (° C.), and P is a pressure in the top zone (torr), provided that 1≦P≦70.
10. A method for preparing 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate using the dividing wall column of
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This application is a Continuation Bypass Application No. PCT/KR2011/010132, filed Dec. 27, 2011, and claims the benefit of Korean Application No. 10-2010-0138235 filed on Dec. 29, 2011, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes as if fully set forth herein.
The present invention relates to a dividing wall column for preparing high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate (EHA) and a preparation method using the same.
Since various raw materials such as crude oil are typically mixtures of many compounds in many cases, such various raw materials are often used after being separated into compounds, instead of directly industrially used. A representative process from among chemical processes for separating a mixture is a distillation process. In general, since a distillation process separates a raw material into a high boiling component and a low boiling component, when the number of components of a mixture to be separated is n, the number of distillation columns is n−1 which is obtained by subtracting 1 from the number (n). That is, a process for separating a high-purity product from a crude raw material in the conventional distillation industry mostly uses a structure in which 2 distillation columns are continuously arranged.
As shown in
A composition profile in a first column in a conventional 2 column distillation method which is a typical process of distilling alcohols is shown in
Although the conventional distillation process may easily control a composition of a product, the conventional distillation process has problems in that a medium boiling component is re-mixed and diluted in a first distillation column. This remixing effect leads to additionally unnecessary energy consumptions because of a thermal inefficiency.
In order to solve these problems, many studies have been done on a new distillation structure. A representative attempt to improve separation efficiency through a thermally coupled structure is a Petlyuk distillation column structure as shown in
The present invention is directed to providing a dividing wall column for preparing high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate (EHA) and a preparation method using the same.
One aspect of the present invention provides a dividing wall column including a main column including: a condenser; a reboiler; and a dividing wall, wherein the main column is divided into a top zone, an upper inflow zone, an upper outflow zone, a lower inflow zone, a lower outflow zone, and a bottom zone, and includes at least one inflow stream and at least three outflow streams, wherein each of the at least one inflow stream is a stream that a feed containing crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate (EHA) flows into an inflow middle plate where the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone of the main column contact each other, and one or more of the outflow streams is a stream of 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate, and a method of preparing high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate using the dividing wall column.
A dividing wall column according to the present invention may provide an effect of having two distillation columns using one distillation column, and may reduce energy consumption and equipment costs when compared to a conventional process apparatus for preparing high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate (EHA).
A dividing wall column according to the present invention includes a main column including a condenser, a reboiler, and a dividing wall, wherein the main column is divided into a top zone, an upper inflow zone, an upper outflow zone, a lower inflow zone, a lower outflow zone, and a bottom zone, and includes at least one inflow stream and at least three outflow streams, wherein each of the at least one inflow stream is a stream that a feed F containing crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate (EHA) flows into an inflow middle plate NR1 where the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone of the main column contact each other, and one or more of the at least three outflow streams is a stream of 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.
The dividing wall column is equivalent to a Petlyuk distillation column in a thermodynamic aspect, but is different from the Petlyuk distillation column in a structural aspect because a dividing wall is provided in a column to integrate a pre-fractionator in a main column. Since the dividing wall column naturally solves a difficulty in balancing a pressure between the pre-fractionator and the main column and a difficulty in performing an operation, an operation may be facilitated. Also, since two distillation columns are integrated into one, investment costs may be significantly reduced.
Also, a dividing wall column according to the present invention includes a main column including a condenser, a reboiler, and a dividing wall, wherein the main column is divided into a top zone, an upper inflow zone, an upper outflow zone, a lower inflow zone, a lower outflow zone, and a bottom zone, wherein a feed F containing crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate flows into an inflow middle plate NR1 where the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone of the main column contact each other, a lower boiling component D flows out in the top zone, a high boiling component B flows out in the bottom zone, and a medium boiling component S flows out to an outflow middle plate NR2 where the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone contact each other. The medium boiling component may be substantially 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.
The feed F may have a 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate content greater than or equal to 80 wt %.
The condenser 31 is a device for depriving evaporation heat of a mixture in a gaseous state and condensing the mixture. A condenser used in a conventional chemical engineering system may be used without limitation. Also, the reboiler 41 is a device for providing evaporation heat to a mixture in a liquid state and evaporating the mixture. A reboiler used in a conventional chemical engineering system may be used without limitation.
The main column 1 may be roughly divided into six zones. A top zone 100 refers to an upper area of the main column 1 with no dividing wall. An upper inflow zone 200 is one of areas divided by a dividing wall and a sub-area located over a stream of an inflow component (feed). An upper outflow zone 300 is one of the areas divided by the dividing wall and is a sub-area located over a stream of an outflow component. A lower inflow zone 400 is one of the areas divided by the dividing wall and is a sub-area located under the stream of the inflow component. A lower outflow zone 500 is one of the areas divided by the dividing wall and is a sub-area located under the stream of the outflow component. Also, a bottom zone 600 refers to a lower area of the main column 1 with no dividing wall.
Also, the main column 1 has at least one inflow stream and at least three outflow streams. The at least one inflow stream includes a stream that a feed F which is crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate flows into an inflow middle plate NR1 where the upper inflow zone 200 and the lower inflow zone 400 of the main column 1 contact each other. The at least three outflow streams may include streams including a low boiling component D flowing out in the top zone 100, a high boiling component B flowing out in the bottom zone 600, and a medium boiling component S flowing out to an outflow middle plate NR2 where the upper outflow zone 300 and the lower outflow zone 500 contact each other. In this case, the medium boiling component S flowing out to the outflow middle plate NR2 may be substantially 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.
The term ‘crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate feed’ used herein which is a mixture having 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate as a main component refers to a target material to be distilled in a distillation process, and the term ‘main component’ used herein refers to one component which is included in the largest amount among respective components of the mixture. In order to obtain high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate, it is preferable that a crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate feed has a higher 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate content. In order to obtain high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate greater than or equal to 99 wt %, it is preferable that a crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate feed has a 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate content greater than or equal to 80 wt %.
Also, the expression ‘substantially 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate’ means that a mixture may be regarded as substantially 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate. In detail, the expression ‘substantially 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate’ means that a mixture has 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate as a main component, has a higher 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate content than a feed, and has a 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate component exceeding at least 90 wt %.
A dividing wall process has an advantage of lower energy consumption than a conventional process using two continuous distillation columns due to a structural difference. In the dividing wall column, since spaces divided by the dividing wall act as a pre-fractionator, a composition of a liquid is almost same as an equilibrium distillation curve due to separation of a high boiling component and a low boiling component, and thermodynamic efficiency for separation is improved due to suppression of re-mixing.
The upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone substantially act as a pre-fractionator of a conventional process. That is, the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone may be collectively referred to as a pre-separation area. A feed flowing into the pre-separation area is separated into a low boiling component and a high boiling component. Some of the low boiling component and the high boiling component separated in the pre-separation area flows into the top zone, and some flows back into the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone to be re-distilled.
The upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone act as a main column of a conventional process. That is, the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone may be collectively referred to as a main separation area. A low boiling component and a medium boiling component are mainly separated in an upper portion of the dividing wall of the main separation area, and a medium boiling component and a high boiling component are mainly separated in a lower portion of the dividing wall of the main separation area.
In detail, a composition profile in the dividing wall column of
The low boiling component D passes through the top zone of the main column and the condenser, and some of the low boiling component D is produced into a low boiling product D and the remaining returns as a liquid flux LD to the top zone of the main column. Also, the high boiling component B passes through the bottom zone of the main column and the reboiler, and some of the high boiling component B is produced into a high boiling product and the remaining returns as a vapor flux VB to the bottom zone of the main column.
A design of a thermally coupled distillation column system having a dividing wall is based on a design of a conventional thermally coupled distillation column and a design of a distillation column having a minimum number of plates. Since separation efficiency of a distillation column is maximized when a liquid compositional distribution of distillation plates in the distillation column is similar to an equilibrium distillation curve, a minimum-plate distillation system is first designed under the assumption that a distillation column is operated by handling a pre-reflux. That is, the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone are designed under the assumption that compositions of a feed and a liquid at a feed inflow plate are the same. In the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone, a composition of a liquid from the middle to the top is calculated by a cascade method for designing an equilibrium composition starting from a concentration of a medium boiling product. In the lower outflow zone acting as a main column, a composition of a liquid is calculated from the middle to the bottom using a cascade method of calculating an equilibrium composition starting from a concentration of the medium boiling product.
The number of plates of each of the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone which act as a pre-fractionator and the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone which act as a main column may be obtained by calculating the number of plates having a composition of a product and the number of feed inflow plates from a distribution of the obtained liquid composition. Since the number of plates is an ideal theoretical plate number, the actual number of plates in the dividing wall column may vary according to a common design standard.
In the dividing wall column according to the present embodiment, the number of plates provided in each of the top zone, the upper inflow zone, the upper outflow zone, the lower inflow zone, the lower outflow zone, and the bottom zone may range from 90 to 140% of a theoretical plate number which is calculated from a distillation curve. When the number of plates is less than 90% of the calculated theoretical plate number, a low boiling component and a high boiling component may not be well separated in the pre-separation area, and when the number of plates exceeds 140%, energy consumption reduction is no longer increased in an area having a minimum reflux ratio, resulting in an increase in investment costs.
Also, a length of the dividing wall provided in the main column is determined according to a plate number calculated according to distillation curves of the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone, or the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone. While there are various methods of obtaining a theoretical plate number and a reflux amount by determining a spacing of the dividing wall using an equilibrium distillation curve method on a liquid composition with the pre-separation area and the main separation area when an optimal spacing of the dividing wall is designed in the dividing wall column, a theoretical plate number is obtained using a Fenske-Underwood method in the present invention. The Fenske-Underwood method is well known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
A length of the dividing wall may range from 40 to 85% of a total theoretical plate number of the top zone, the upper inflow zone, the lower outflow zone, and the bottom zone calculated from a distillation curve. When the length of the dividing wall is less than 40%, some of a low boiling component in the pre-separation area may flow down from the pre-separation area and be introduced into a product in the main column. When the length of the dividing wall exceeds 85%, it is difficult to maintain a smooth equilibrium flow of liquid/vapor states of low boiling/medium boiling components and liquid/vapor states of medium boiling/high boiling components in the dividing wall column, thereby making it difficult to manufacture a distillation column.
A condition for operating the dividing wall column for preparing high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate is as follows.
For example, a temperature of the top zone preferably ranges from 88 to 98° C. at a pressure of the top zone of 15 to 25 torr. When the temperature of the top zone is less than 88° C., a low boiling component may flow down from the pre-separation area, thereby badly affecting product purity. When the temperature of the top zone exceeds 98° C., a high boiling component (Heavies) may flow up from the pre-separation area, thereby badly affecting product purity.
A temperature of the bottom zone preferably ranges from 138 to 148° C. at a pressure of the top zone of 15 to 25 torr. When the temperature of the bottom zone is less than 138° C., a medium boiling component may flow down, thereby reducing productivity. When the temperature of the bottom zone exceeds 148° C., the high boiling component (Heavies) may laterally flow along with the medium boiling component.
Also, a temperature of the outflow middle plate NR2 which is located at a position where the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone contact each other and to which the medium boiling component S flows out preferably ranges from 124 to 134° C. at a pressure of the top zone of 15 to 25 torr. When the temperature of the outflow middle plate NR2 is less than 124° C., it is not easy to remove a low boiling component. When the temperature of the outflow middle plate NR2 exceeds 134° C., it is not easy to remove a high boiling component, thereby greatly affecting product purity.
When the dividing wall column is depressurized or pressurized, the temperature ranges may be changed. In general, as a pressure increases, an upper temperature limit and a lower temperature limit tend to increase.
For example, when a pressure of the top zone is about 15 torr, a temperature of the top zone may range from about 83 to about 93° C., a temperature of the bottom zone may range from about 135 to about 145° C., and a temperature of the outflow middle plate NR2 may range from about 120 to about 130° C.
In addition, when a pressure of the top zone is about 30 torr, a temperature of the top zone may range from about 95 to about 105° C., a temperature of the bottom zone may range from about 140 to about 150° C., and a temperature of the outflow middle plate NR2 may range from about 128 to about 138° C.
Table 1 shows an upper temperature limit and a lower temperature limit according to a pressure.
TABLE 1
Lower temperature
Upper temperature
limit (° C.)
limit (° C.)
P ≈ 20 torr
Top zone
88
98
Bottom zone
138
148
Outflow middle plate NR2
124
134
P ≈ 15 torr
Top zone
83
93
Bottom zone
135
145
Outflow middle plate NR2
120
130
P ≈ 30 torr
Top zone
95
105
Bottom zone
140
150
Outflow middle plate NR2
128
138
A relationship between a temperature and a pressure in the dividing wall column according to the present invention may be defined using Equations 1 to 3.
A temperature of the top zone may range from a lower temperature limit T1a to an upper temperature limit T2a according to Equation 1.
Lower temperature limit: T1a=−0.02P2+1.7P+62
Upper temperature limit: T2a=−0.02P2+1.7P+72 (1),
where T1a and T2a are temperatures (° C.), and P is a pressure of the top zone (torr), provided that 1≦P≦70.
A temperature of the bottom zone may range from a lower temperature limit T1b to an upper temperature limit T2b according to Equation 2.
Lower temperature limit: T1b=−0.0267P2+1.5333P+118
Upper temperature limit: T2b=−0.0267P2+1.5333P+128 (2),
where T1b and T2b are temperatures (° C.), and P is a pressure of the top zone (torr), provided that 1≦P≦70.
Also, a temperature of the outflow middle plate NR2 which is located at a position where the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone contact each other and to which the medium boiling component S flows out may range from a lower temperature limit T1c to an upper temperature limit T2c according to Equation 3.
Lower temperature limit: T1c=−0.0267P2+1.7333P+100
Upper temperature limit: T2c=−0.0267P2+1.7333P+110 (3),
where T1c and T2c are temperatures (° C.), and P is a pressure of the top zone (torr), provided that 0.1≦P≦70.
A thermally coupled distillation column system having a dividing wall according to the present invention has an objective of improving efficiency of distilling a 3-component mixture, and has an effect of having two distillation columns by providing the dividing wall in a main column to form spaces which function as a pre-fractionator and a main column having a liquid composition distribution similar to that of a high-efficiency equilibrium distillation system.
Also, the present invention provides a method of preparing 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate using the dividing wall column. The method may prepare high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate by providing a crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate feed to the dividing wall column and separately distilling 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.
The dividing wall column includes the main column including the condenser, the reboiler, and the dividing wall, wherein the main column is divided into the top zone, the upper inflow zone, the upper outflow zone, the lower inflow zone, the lower outflow zone, and the bottom zone, and includes at least one inflow stream and at least three outflow streams, wherein each of the at least one inflow stream is a stream that the feed F containing crude 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate flows into the inflow middle plate NR1 where the upper inflow zone and the lower inflow zone of the main column contact each other, and the at least three outflow streams include streams that the low boiling component D flows out to the top zone, the high boiling component B flows out to the bottom zone, and the medium boiling component S flows out to the outflow middle plate NR2 where the upper outflow zone and the lower outflow zone contact each other, and the medium boiling component S flowing out to the outflow middle plate NR2 may be substantially 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below, but can be implemented in various forms.
A dividing wall column was designed, manufactured, and operated in order to verify a performance of a system according to the present invention. It was found from the operation of the dividing wall column that a desired product composition was obtained. For a comparative example, conventional 2 distillation columns having no dividing wall were used, and for an embodiment, 1 distillation column having a dividing wall was used.
The embodiment and the comparative example have theoretical plate numbers as shown in Table 2, and experimental results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. Table 3 shows a condition and a composition for each stream according to the embodiment. Table 4 shows a condition and a composition for each stream according to the comparative example.
TABLE 2
Theoretical
Item
plate number
Embodiment
Top zone 100
8
Upper inflow zone 200
9
Upper outflow zone 300
10
Lower inflow zone 400
18
Lower outflow zone 500
5
Bottom zone 600
15
Comparative
First column
18
example
Second column
20
TABLE 3
Embodi-
Stream number
ment
1
2
3
4
5
Condition
Temperature
50.0
55.2
55.2
77.2
93.9
(° C.)
Pressure
1471.1
35.0
35.0
69.8
90.0
(torr)
flux (kg/hr)
5129.6
8063.5
610.0
3920.0
599.6
Com-
Low boiling
15.00
75.00
75.00
0.00
0.00
position
point (wt %)
Medium
81.10
25.00
25.00
100.00
76.90
boiling
point (wt %)
High boiling
3.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
23.10
point (wt %)
Sum (wt %)
100
100
100
100
100
TABLE 4
Comparative
Stream number
example
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Condition
Temperature
60.0
55.2
55.2
84.7
62.5
62.6
96.5
(° C.)
Pressure
1471.1
35.0
35.0
2966.7
35.0
35.0
100.0
(torr)
flux (kg/hr)
6129.6
6464.9
610.0
4519.6
3959.2
3920.0
699.6
Composition
Low
15.00
75.00
75.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
boiling
point (wt %)
Medium
81.10
25.00
25.00
95.10
100.00
100.00
77.00
boiling
point (wt %)
High
3.90
0.00
0.00
4.90
0.00
0.00
23.00
boiling
point (wt %)
Sum (wt %)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
When Table 3 and Table 4 are compared with each other, when the dividing wall column according to the embodiment was used, high-purity 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate of 99.9 wt % was more efficiently obtained due to removal of re-mixing and an increase in separation efficiency. An additional recycling process of rectifying 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate is reduced due to an increase in product purity, thereby improving productivity.
In addition, Table 5 shows a result obtained by measuring energy consumption according to the embodiment and the comparative example (conventional) and calculating a reduction rate.
TABLE 5
Comparative
Reduced
example
amount
Reduc-
First
Second
Embodi-
(MMK
tion
column
column
Sum
ment
cal/hr)
rate (%)
Energy
0.39
0.19
0.58
0.43
0.15
25.9
consumption
(MMK
cal/hr)
The comparative example using the conventional distillation column includes two columns and four heat exchangers whereas the dividing wall column according to the embodiment may include one column and two heat exchangers. Accordingly, investment costs of the dividing wall column according to the embodiment of the present invention may be about 30% lower than those of the conventional distillation column. In particular, an energy reduction rate of the dividing wall column according to the embodiment of the present invention is about 25.9% lower than that of the conventional distillation column.
1: main column
11: first column
21: second column
12: pre-fractionator
22: main column
31: condenser
41: reboiler
51: dividing wall
100: top zone
200: upper inflow zone
300: upper outflow zone
400: lower inflow zone
500: lower outflow zone
600: bottom zone
NR1: inflow middle plate
NR2: outflow middle plate
F: feed (raw material)
B: high boiling component
D: low boiling component
S: medium boiling component
A dividing wall column according to the present invention may be variously used in fields using 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate (EHA).
Lee, Sung Kyu, Shin, Joon Ho, Kim, Sung Kyun, Lee, Jong Ku
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