A portable computer in the form of a cellular telephone arranged to rest comfortably in the hand has a small display screen. Accelerometers capable of detecting movement of the pen cellular telephone with respect to gravity provide input to a microcontroller which selects a response from a number of viewing modes. The pen cellular telephone may be held in either hand and the output message to the screen will be oriented according to the location of the pen cellular telephone. Full personal digital assistance functionality may be incorporated in a relatively small plastics casing and functions, such as calendar, contracts maps and the like may be incorporated.
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0. 37. A handheld cellular telephone capable of two way telephonic communication; diary alarm; file creation and storage; text messages; electronic mail; data storage; displaying maps; and configured to accept inputs from accelerometers and data input from a global positioning system (gps) receiver, and provide data output to a display screen;
comprising:
a cellular telephone housed in a casing, said casing being sized and shaped to be held between the root of the thumb and the index finger of only one hand of a user; said casing also housing within the casing:
a cellular transceiver;
an antenna connected to the transceiver;
two accelerometers, said accelerometers each being mounted to detect X and Y movement components at a ninety degree angle;
at least one buffer circuit associated with the accelerometers;
a rechargeable battery;
detection circuitry to power down battery usage;
a microphone;
a speaker;
a global positioning system (gps) receiver that outputs a position of the telephone in the form of data to a processor;
a processor; the processor configured to: comprise diary alarm; file creation and storage; text messages; electronic mail; data storage; display maps; and configured to accept inputs from the accelerometers and accept data input from the gps receiver, and provide data output to a display screen;
a data store to store a map;
a display screen that displays at least a map; the display screen being arranged on the case so as to be visible to the user when the case is held between the root of the thumb and index finger of the only one hand of a user, and when so held, the display area of the display screen extends to the wrist of the user;
a touch screen in front of the display screen, wherein the touch screen acts as an input to the cellular telephone;
wherein the processor is configured to output the gps data to the display; and a change of the telephone position, as determined by the gps receiver, rotates the map in the direction of travel.
0. 46. A handheld cellular telephone capable of two way telephonic communication; diary alarm; file creation and storage; text messages; electronic mail; data storage; displaying maps; and configured to accept inputs from accelerometers and data input from a global positioning system (gps) receiver, and provide data output to a display screen;
comprising:
a cellular telephone housed in a casing; the casing sized and shaped to be held to be held between the root of the thumb and the index finger of only one hand of a user; said casing housing within the casing:
a cellular transceiver;
an antenna connected to the transceiver;
two accelerometers, the accelerometers mounted at ninety degrees to each other;
at least one buffer circuit associated with the two accelerometers;
a rechargeable battery;
detection circuitry to power down battery usage; where the detection circuitry powers down battery usage in response to a detection of no current usage of the accelerometers;
a microphone;
a speaker;
a clock;
a global positioning system (gps) receiver that outputs a position of the telephone in the form of data to a processor;
a processor; the processor configured to comprise diary alarm; file creation and storage; text messages; electronic mail; data store; maps; and configured to accept data input from the gps receiver; and,
a data store to store a map;
a display screen that displays at least a map; the display screen being arranged on the case so as to be visible to the user when the case is held between the root of the thumb and index finger of the only one hand of a user, and when so held, the display area of the display screen extends to the wrist of the user;
the display screen further comprising a touch screen; the touch screen acts as an input to the cellular telephone;
the processor configured to display a map on the display; and,
the processor is also configured to display the position of the hand held telephone on the display; and a change of the telephone position, as determined by the gps receiver, rotates the map in the direction of travel.
0. 1. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement,
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
the processing means using said movement data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes, at least some of which define selection for display of a further one of the pages from the multiplicity of pages, the further one of the pages being adjacent to a previously selected page being currently displayed;
wherein detected movement data is used to effect scrolling of displayed information such that portions of data defining alphanumeric or graphic information outside a currently displayed screen is selectable by the user, the scrolling of displayed information effectively displaying a part of an adjacent screen.
0. 2. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
the processing means using said movement data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes, at least some of which define selection for display of a further one of the pages from the multiplicity of pages, the further one of the pages being adjacent to a previously selected page being currently displayed;
in which a relative lateral tilting movement causes the display of information stored as to one or other side of currently displayed information.
0. 3. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
the processing means using said movement data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes, at least some of which define selection for display of a further one of the pages from the multiplicity of pages, the further one of the pages being adjacent to a previously selected page being currently displayed;
in which relative rolling movement causes the display of information stored as above or below currently displayed information.
0. 4. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
the processing means using said data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes; and
wherein the processing means is responsive to detected movement data to determine a most likely orientation of a computer display means, the processing means causing the displayed information to be oriented accordingly.
0. 5. A portable computer as in
0. 6. A portable computer as in
0. 7. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention, the processing means using said data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes; and
proximity detection means which provides signals indicative of the proximity of a computer display screen to a user's view, the processing means being further responsive to changes in relative proximity to increase or decrease the density of displayed information.
0. 8. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention; the processing means using said movement data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes, at least some of which define selection for display of a further one of the pages from the multiplicity of pages, the further one of the pages being adjacent to a previously selected page being currently displayed;
radio transceiver means, the processing means being responsive to detected movement data which identifies another device to cause the transmission of coded signals including a message for display.
0. 9. A portable computer as in
0. 10. A portable computer as in
0. 11. A portable computer as in
0. 12. A portable computer as in
0. 13. A portable computer comprising:
a casing for housing other components of the portable computer, the casing being shaped to facilitate a user holding the portable computer as a writing stylus; and
a display screen;
wherein said casing includes a radiused triangular cross-section along a substantial portion of its length and a flattened section incorporating the display screen, and an angular shaping between a forward holding area adapted to rest in the user's fingers and rearward flattened area holding the display screen the shaping being such as to provide a natural viewing angle of the incorporated display screen while the casing is held as a writing stylus.
0. 14. A portable computer as in
0. 15. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
the processing means using said movement data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes, at least some of which define selection for display of a further one of the pages from the multiplicity of pages being the further one of the pages being adjacent to a previously selected page being currently displayed;
wherein the processing means is responsive to detected movement data to determine a most likely orientation of the display, the processing means causing the displayed information to be oriented accordingly.
0. 16. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
the processing means using said movement data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes, at least some of which define selection for display of a further one of the pages from the multiplicity of pages, the further one of the pages being adjacent to a previously selected page being currently displayed;
in which a plurality of switch means responsive to user action is included adjacent to the display, the respective function of each of the switch means being oriented to match the orientation of displayed information.
0. 17. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed;
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention, the processing means using said movement data to provide a mode response selected from a multiplicity of stored possible modes, at least some of which define selection for display of a further one of the pages from the multiplicity of pages, the further one of the pages being adjacent to a previously selected page being currently displayed; and
a touch sensitive static potentiometer strip responsive to movement of a users finger to simulate movement of a potentiometer, the orientation of said potentiometer reflecting the orientation of the displayed information.
0. 18. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
wherein detected movement data is used to effect scrolling of displayed information such that portions of data defining alphanumeric or graphic information outside a currently displayed screen is selectable by the user, the scrolling of displayed information effectively displaying a part of an adjacent screen.
0. 19. A portable computer as in
0. 20. A portable computer as in
0. 21. A portable computer as in
0. 22. A portable computer as in
0. 23. A portable computer as in
0. 24. A portable computer as in
0. 25. A portable computer as in
0. 26. A portable computer as in
0. 27. A portable computer as in
0. 28. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
in which a relative lateral tilting movement causes the display of information stored as to one or other side of currently displayed information.
0. 29. A portable computer as in
0. 30. A portable computer as in
0. 31. A portable computer as in
0. 32. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
in which relative rolling movement causes the display of information stored as above or below currently displayed information.
0. 33. A portable computer as in
0. 34. A portable computer as in
0. 35. A portable computer as in
0. 36. A portable computer comprising:
movement detection means responsive to movement of the computer to produce an electrical output signal representative of such movement;
a storage medium for storing data defining a multiplicity of displayable pages each comprising of a plurality of lines;
a display having a corresponding plurality of lines to enable one of the multiplicity of pages to be displayed; and
processing means responsive to the output of said movement detection means to determine detected movement data defining a user's intention;
wherein the processing means is responsive to detected movement data to determine a most likely orientation of the display, the processing means causing the displayed information to be oriented accordingly.
0. 38. The cellular telephone of claim 37, further including a cursor movement on the display to select a position on the map.
0. 39. The cellular telephone of claim 37, wherein the processor is configured for wirelessly sending and receiving the electronic mail.
0. 40. The cellular telephone of claim 37, wherein the processor is configured for wirelessly sending and receiving the text messages.
0. 41. The cellular telephone of claim 37, wherein the touch screen comprises a liquid crystal display.
0. 42. The cellular telephone of claim 37, further comprising a docking element.
0. 43. The cellular telephone of claim 37, wherein the processor is programmed to enter the device into a sleep mode after a pre-determined period of inactivity.
0. 44. The cellular telephone of claim 37, further comprising a voice recorder.
0. 45. The cellular telephone of claim 37, wherein the telephone is configured for wired or wireless data transfer to a computer.
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Referring to
The casing is weighted at one end (for example by including a rechargeable battery 2) at the forward end so that if the item is dropped on to a surface it tends to fall in a specified manner such that the tip which may include some impact protection, for example by being rubber cased, prevents any significant damage to internal components. The weighting also assists balancing of the unit in a user's hand.
The case may incorporate a hook 3 for attachment of a strap or key ring (not shown) and may have a pocket clip 4. The hook is preferably recessed within the casing.
Externally mounted a small liquid crystal diode screen which may be of the kind manufactured by Batron and supplied under type number BT42003STYC is included. To either side of the LCD 5 touch or pressure sensitive switches 6 to 13 are provided. These switches may be soft programmed to provide functions as hereinafter described. A touch scroll strip 14 (hereinafter described) is provided in front of the screen 5 and the system includes a pyroelectric detector 15 used in determining the proximity of the computer to a user's eye.
Audio input and output devices are also provided together with an alerting device. For example, a microphone 16, annunciator 17 and speaker 18 may be included. Finger switches 19a, 19b, 20 are provided forward of the annunciator 17 and again may be soft programmed for functionality. Also visible are gold docking pins 21 used for connecting the hand-held computer for recharging of the battery 2 and transfer of data by way of a docking device to other computers, for example desk mounted personal computers.
As an alternative means of transferring data from the computer of the invention to another processing device or to enable the computer of the invention to be used as an input device for a PC, an infrared transceiver 22a, 22b is mounted towards the front of the casing 1.
Also included is a light emitting diode 23 which may be of the kind having three or more colours. Individual colours allow for a small amount of illumination or may be used to provide indication or alarm functions. Alternatively, a single coloured red light emitting diode part TLSH180P from Toshiba may be used. This ultrabright LED aids human night sight viewing and whilst only being of low power may in a dark environment assist the user.
Turning now to
One function of the radio transmitter may be to allow use of the hand-held computer of the invention as an input device for a desk mounted or other PC 40 having corresponding receiver 36 and an appropriate converter without physical interconnection. Other functions of the transceivers 35, 36 may be apparent from the description hereinafter.
Referring now to
Power to the accelerometers 31 is by way of a transistor TR2 so that if the microcontroller 30 determines that no movement of the computer is occurring or that the present program does not require use of the accelerometers 31 and 32, output RB1 may be set to stop current being drawn to minimise battery usage. The microcontroller may allow periodic sampling during dormant periods so that if the computer is picked up the sensors may again be activated.
An EEPROM integrated circuit chip type X24F064 8 Kbyte from Xicor providing 8 Kbytes of memory is also provided accessible from the microcontroller 30 in known manner. Switches S1 to S8 (keys 33 in
Note that TR1 controls power input to the back lighting circuitry of the LCD display 5. Again, the microcontroller 30 will normally bias TR1 off when the computer is dormant and will maintain TR1 biased off unless back lighting is requested by operation of one of the keys of the keyboard 33.
For the avoidance of doubt it is here noted that the microcontroller 30 includes a program which uses position outputs from the accelerometers 31, 32 to determine from the orientation of the computer whether the hand-held computer is in the left hand or right hand of the user. It is here noted that accelerometer output may depend upon the tilt angle of the included accelerometers to the earth's gravitational field. The keys S1 to S8 are then swapped over in soft programming mode such that functionality is determined by the apparent top of the display 5 to the user in its current position. Similarly, determination of orientation of alphanumeric or other display information on the screen 5 will be determined from the orientation of the computer itself. Thus, data output to the screen from the controller 30 arranged to provide an appropriately oriented display.
The speech recorder 34 is implemented using Sequoia technology sound recording integrated circuit type ISD2560. The Sequoia technology chip is capable of recording 60 seconds of speech message in digital form and is connected so that the microphone 16 can be used to provide an input. The three switches SW1, SW2 and SW3 may correspond to the fingertip switches 18 to 20 of
In speech recording mode SW1 provides a start and pause control function for the user, SW2 is a stop or reset function while SW3 switches between the record and play modes.
Short messages are played back by way of the loud speaker 18. As currently implemented the microphone 16 is a Maplin type QY62S, the speaker is from Hosiden type HDR9941. “Speech notes” recorded by this method may be down loaded to a PC for sorting and categorising.
Turning briefly to
A Maxim integrated circuit 42, which may be type MAX232IC, converts RS232 level serial output and input required by current PCs to the voltage level required by the microcontroller 30 of
Having discussed the hardware of the portable computer of the invention we shall now consider various uses to which the writing stylus input, voice input and screen may be used. Exemplary flow charts for some aspects of the use of the portable computer are attached. While functions are individually discussed in respect of the flow charts of
Turning now to
The program allows for the screen 5 to be scrolled in accordance with the user's requirements. The mounting of these sensors, as shown in
Using software the microcontroller 30 may use the output from the accelerometers 31, 32 to determine a user's requirement for a different view to be displayed on the screen 5. Thus a virtual hinge is created such that if the user moves the stylus whilst it is in viewing position the screen information may be changed to respond to a natural reaction for looking up or down or to the left or right. Thus, as shown in
Similarly, if the stylus is turned towards the user information stored at UC will be displayed and tilting the stylus away results in the information DC being displayed. It will be appreciated that combining tilt angles may result in the display of information up and to the left (UL), up and to the right (UR), down and to the left (DL) and down and to the right (DR). This simplified description of a multiple line screen moving as if a jump is occurring should be considered as allowing single line scrolling in which CP defines the top line of the screen, DC the line below and further lines to the limit of screen viewability also being displayed with CP such that single line scroll movement or smooth scrolling appears to occur. Finer scrolling modes such as single pixel movements are also possible. The user may select the rate of response using keys 6 to 13 or fingertip switches 18 to 20. It should also be noted that the tilt sensor arrangement 31, 32 allows the microcontroller 30 to determine the most likely viewing angle and to adjust pixel mapping to the screen accordingly so that if a user holds the stylus in the left hand the display is inverted to that shown in
It is also possible, particularly if pictorial rather than alphanumeric display is required, for the screen to enter a “portrait” mode if the stylus is held vertically. In this case the orientation will be appropriate to the stylus being held with its tip above or below the waist of the stylus.
To prevent scrolling or orientation change the user may use a soft key 6 to 13 or fingertip switch 18 to 20 to lock and unlock display movement.
Further, while as described with reference to
In a still further development the pyroelectric detector (Murata type IRA- E700STO) 15 may be used to detect the presence of the user and the proximity of the user to the viewing screen 5. Using the Kopin ¼ VGA display it is possible to decrease the size of character displayed. Thus the microcontroller 30 uses the output of the pyroelectric detector 15 to determine how close to a user's eye the stylus is held and may adjust the size of print so that more characters are fitted on the screen 5. In this way large areas of text may be read by holding the screen close to the user's eye. A further use of the pyroelectric detector for power saving purposes it discussed hereinafter. As has been mentioned detection of the position of the screen with respect to the user's left or right side is possible.
Referring to
It is envisaged that input to the computer system either for use as a PDA or for word processing purposes, will be carried out either by hand writing recognition (HR) or by voice input using the microphone 16. Handwriting recognition does not require the user to write on a surface, although some users may find this a preferable method of operation, but requires the user merely to move the stylus (that is the whole computer) as if writing letters and numbers. Katakana or Cyrillic texts may also be entered as may symbols.
Thus using one of the two accelerometers 31, 32 and referring to
It will be noted from
Note that predefined user gestures such as drawing an “envelope” to request e-mail mode or a table for diary mode, for example, may be used. The instructions may be user selectable or teachable so that on initialisation the user draws and selects the mode. Subsequently drawing the same symbol will cause the microcontroller 30 to enter the appropriate selected mode.
Again sensing may be used to move around the displayed area (as discussed with reference to
Entry of information to the diary may also be by handwriting input. It is convenient here to consider the construction of the touch strip 14 which as shown in
It will be appreciated that incorporating a second strip at right angles to the strip 14 would allow full functionality of (eg) a computer mouse to be simulated.
Thus as shown in
It will be appreciated, however, that if the tilt detection mechanism hereinbefore described indicates that the device is in the left hand rather than the right hand the functionality of bridging and unbridging is reversed accordingly.
Entry of data files, for example the composition of letters or reports can be carried out using either the write sensing arrangement, hereinbefore described, to determine input alphanumeric which may be stored for subsequent transmission to a printer or for transfer as data files to a PC for example. Data entered and converted into appropriate stored information may be displayed on the display screen if required.
Cursor movement around the display screen to select a position to which information is to be placed may be by use of either the potentiometer arrangement described with reference to
In an alternative method of operation and referring to
A corresponding program in the PC itself will read from radio receiver 36 and the receive port the data defining the voltage from one or both the accelerometers. Autocorrelation will be carried out on the reading to generate appropriate characters at step 725, the characters being displayed on the PC screen at step 730 and possibly being transmitted back to the hand-held PC.
In an alternative implementation autocorrelation may be carried out within the microcontroller 30 and data defining input characters themselves be transmitted to the PC.
Note that the transmission of comma separated variables (CSV) format ASCII is transmitted at 418 MHz using an amplitude modulated radio transmitter from RF Solutions of Lewes East Sussex UK. In the PC CMOS voltage levels converted by the RS232 conversion unit can be used to provide raw data to the PC. Windows 3.1 terminal software is capable of reading CSV data and spreadsheet can read and plot data graphically.
In a still further use of the accelerometer 31, 32 arrangement password protection of the hand-held computer may be provided. Thus, once trained to a user's signature, for example, a stored waveform corresponding to accelerometer voltage outputs read at 10 ms intervals can be used. Thus the user does not require to remember any special passwords and cracking of the signature code is extremely difficult since, for example forging a signature will result in a different acceleration pattern to that of the natural signature writer.
Thus it may be possible to use a hand-held computer of this nature to provide transmission of security information for, for example, electronic point of sale authorisations, access restriction and the like.
A still further use of the transmission and reception capability allows a local area paging system to be developed. Thus if several users work in reasonable proximity to each other it is possible to transmit a message directly from one hand-held computer to another such that, for example, telephone messages taken by one person in an office and files created may be transmitted using a digital serial identity to another specified hand-held computer unit.
Turning to
In an alternative method of working, the microcontroller causes storage of the speech input in the memory 38 without effecting conversion, the information being transmitted via the serial output port either in the docking station or by the radio link to a PC which may use voice recognition software to carry out the conversions. It may be preferable to use a PC to carry out the conversion rather than a microcontroller incorporated in the pen since significant processing power may be required. However, the inclusion of voice recognition software in the microcontroller 30 is possible.
It will also be realised that a data store may be used to store received speech signals. Thus several speech notes each time/date stamped may be held for subsequent use. If a suitable store is included then the speech storage chip, hereinbefore described, may be omitted from the stylus to allow additional memory chip space.
It will be noted that since the hand-held computer of the invention includes microphone, loudspeaker and function keys use of the device as a cellular telephone is also envisaged.
Where cellular phone functionality is included within the stylus or where the stylus is in contact with a PC for example by IRDA or radio transmission, the use of the microphone input for substantial dictation purposes is possible and also the use of substantially larger data files than could otherwise be stored locally.
Thus the input speech will be stored in a buffer by the microcontroller 30 and periodically, when the buffer contains a substantial amount of data, a network connection to either network data storage means or to a predetermined PC is effected. Stored buffered data is then transferred to the remote location. Since the network connection is not permanently required the cost of transferring the data by this means is less significant and periods of network signal weakness can be overcome.
Data buffered in this manner may be date and time stamped or, if the stylus incorporates GPS (global positioning systems) may be location stamped also.
Data may similarly be recovered such that large text documents required by a user may have portions stored in the buffer for display and sequential recovery of other parts of the document from the remote location using telephony as required. Photographic data, for example from a digital camera, may similarly be saved to the network by way of the buffered store.
The various functions above described enable the provision of a full PDA function including diary alarm and scheduling functions as well as data input, file creation and storage. The user may select the mode of operation using either soft buttons or movement input and the use of the accelerometers 31, 32 is determined from the mode selected by the user. Electronic mail and fax facilities may be incorporated in the PDA functions allowing reception or transmission of data via the unit. The transmission capability of the unit may be associated with a receiver in a printer for example or a printer incorporating a docking station may be used to allow the printing of data from the PDA. Note that infrared transmission may be used.
As will be appreciated one of the major problems with any hand-held portable device is the use of rechargeable batteries which have a limited power life between charges. The hand-held computer of the present invention therefore incorporates a number of power saving facilities arranged particularly to close down back lighting of the small LCD screen 5 if it is not appropriate. Thus if the accelerometers indicate that there is no current usage of the system then powering down of the detection circuitry and back lighting of the screen may occur. However, in a further use of the proximity detector 15, it is possible to turn back lighting on and off in dependence upon whether the user is looking at information on the screen or not. Thus, referring to
Thus the pyroelectric system can be used to detect the presence of a user and in the absence of use power down of the back lighting at least may occur. Infrared sensors may similarly be used to detect the presence or absence of body heat. Note the pyroelectric detector, as previously described, can be used to control the character zoom feature hereinbefore described. A suitable detector is a Murata type IRAE700STO.
In a further implementation of back lighting power down which is responsive to the viewer's vision in addition to the viewer's presence. It is known that when a subject looks directly at a lens and a flash occurs blood vessels at the rear of the eyes reflect back to the camera. It is thus possible to periodically flash a low level light and to sense red reflection using a photodiode sensor. Thus as shown at
If a user is not looking directly at the screen at the time the LED 60 is flashed there will be no reflection and the photodiode 61 will not activate. The microcontroller may therefore power down the back light 58 thus reducing the drain on the rechargeable battery 2.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a particular implementation using accelerometers other position detection and location means may be used to implement movement detection arrangements. While herein references made to alphanumeric data it will be appreciated that katakana character and Cyrillic script inputs may also be detected using the acceleration method hereinbefore described.
Note when the hand-held computer is docked with a PC or is receiving data by way of cellular or radio transmission it is possible to display received information on the screen 5. Thus as indicated at
Further possible uses of the portable computer of the invention include storing large numbers of speech modes which when down loaded to a PC with the pen either in a docking station or by IRDA or radio transmission are sorted. In this process the PC converts the each of the speech notes to text and scans the text for frequently occurring words, for example “meeting” and then sorts the stored notes into sub-directories. Alternatively, notes may be sorted by date, subject matter or size as will occur with a normal windows file. Key control words such as “alarm” may result in the speech note being converted into a timed alarm which may then be written back to the portable computer so that at the appropriate time the portable computer either announces the alarm or a vibrate to alert the user, the alarm being displayed as a text message. It will be appreciated that if a sufficiently powerful microcontroller is used in the pen then the speech to text conversion may take place in the portable computer unit. A suitable vibrating motor for use as a silent alarm can be obtained from Murata of Japan. Situating the annunciator towards the barrel of the pen near the tip improves transmission.
The microcontroller may cause audio feedback of the current position of the stylus, for example by causing sounds of flicking pages when the pen is tilted forward or back.
While most emphasis herein has been on the display of alphanumeric, Katakana or Cyrillic characters, graphic information may also be viewed. For example, a file holding pictures related to a person may include three dimensional picture of that person's face. By revolving or tilting the computer the view may switch from a front view to a profile aspect. It will also be appreciated that an atlas may be stored in the data store and maps may be rotated to align with the direction of travel for example.
Additional functionality may be introduced to the hand-held computer by including a touch screen in front of the display screen such that a stylus can be used to select text or to cause localised movement of a cursor.
An autolocate function may be built into the microcontroller such that if no movement, ie no change in tilt of either the enclosed accelerometers occurs for a selectable period, probably 24 hours, the unit will sound an alarm at periodic intervals so that the user can locate it.
Note that the tilt sensors included herein measure tilt with respect to earth's gravity by use of a small beam arrangement. Other position sensors may be included. Global positioning by satellite is also a possible method of detecting a change in the position of the portable computer.
In a symbol counted mode it is possible for a user to flick the pen either as a tick or a cross, for example, in relation to a submitted document. The number of ticks or crosses may be counted and the result accumulated and transferred to data store or accumulated in a spreadsheet to which the user may input names, titles and the like. The use of other symbols in anticipated.
While as hereinbefore described the security signature is by use of acceleration, a pressure detector may be incorporated into the end of the device to further increase security by measurement of the profile as well as the two dimensional or three dimensional spatial sensor.
As has been mentioned hereinbefore, a number of keys, switches and buttons are provided on the casing of the portable computer. In a further implementation an on/off switch may be provided operated by pressure on the “nib-end”. Whilst such switch pressure is not used for detecting input text per se, it may be used to turn functions on and off. This may be used in a normal writing mode, for example, touching the pen tip against a writing surface to turn on the accelerometer detection functions. Releasing pressure on the tip then stops the accelerometer signals being considered as potential input to be decoded.
Any of the other switches may be used in certain modes to turn on or off text detection, for example, or to stop screen scrolling for example.
Calculator functions in the portable computer may be provided simply by writing the numerals and appropriate mathematical symbols in the normal manner. The tilt sensor software will determine the numerals and characters entered and perform an appropriate calculation for display on the display screen.
A further function, for example for clock setting causes display of an analogue clock face on the display means 5. Time changes may be entered by selecting an appropriate mode and moving the user's wrist. Tilt sensing is used to determine forward or backward adjustment of the time stored.
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