Kentucky bluegrasses have been disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,156 which
issued on May 9, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,186 which issued on May 23,
1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,336 which issued on Nov. 28, 1978; and U.S.
Plant patent application, Ser. No. 872,537, filed June 10, 1986.
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Poa
pratensis which has been designated Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass.
Ba 72-500 plant material originated by crossing a Kentucky bluegrass plant
disclosed in U.S. plant application Ser. No. 872,537, the seed parent,
with a pollen parent plant. As a result of this breeding, a distinct
variety was produced and asexually propagated by rhizones, tillers and
disseminules.
Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass reproduced asexually by propagules, i.e., by
tillers and rhizomes and by disseminules (modified caryopses produced by
apomixis). Progeny plants have been produced which are indistinguishable
from the mother plant.
Ba 72-500 has a number of highly desirable characteristics including a good
level of resistance to Helminthosporium spp. that causes leaf spot,
melting out, and crown rot; Ustilago striiformis that causes stripe smut;
Erysiphe graminis that causes powdery mildew; and Puccinia spp. that
causes rust; a leafy turf type growth habit; moderately wide leaf blades;
an attractive green color which can be maintained throughout the entire
growing season; good turf performance as evidenced by consistently high
performance scores in tests throughout the U.S.A. and Canada, and a
good-to-medium seed yield potential in the bluegrass seed production
region of the U.S.A.
In comparison with its seed parent, the new variety is more shade tolerant
and has better resistance to powdery mildew and rust.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass plant in the
vegetative stage including the extensive root and rhizome system;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass panicle; and
FIG. 3 is a photograph of Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass seed.
Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is perennial with creeping
rhizomes forming a moderately dense turf. When plants winter in the field
with freezing temperatures and then are brought into the greenhouse during
late winter to continue growth undisturbed by clipping under moderate
temperatures (60°-80° F.), culms are erect averaging 439 mm
tall with an average of 2.7 nodes per culm. The uppermost internode
averages 9.8 cm, and the peduncle averages 12.9 cm in length and 0.660 mm
in thickness. The flag leaf averages 4.1 cm in length, 3.2 mm in width,
and 0.112 mm in thickness. The panicle is nodding with an average length
of 6.8 cm, width of 3.8 cm, and 5.0 whorls. The lowest whorl has an
average of 4.0 branches and the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle
has an average of 2.4 branches. The average spikelet at the tip of a
branch in the lowest whorl is 5.1 mm in length and has 4.2 florets with an
outer glume of 3.1 mm in length and an inner glume of 3.4 mm in length. A
similar spikelet from the third whorl from the bottom is 5.0 mm in length
and has 3.9 florets with an outer glume of 3.1 mm in length and an inner
glume of 3.4 mm in length. After the seed has been conditioned, the lemma
has a rough keel with occasional long, fine hairs at the base. The seed of
Ba 72-500 is 2.77 mm in length and 0.80 mm in width with approximately
1,300,105 seeds per pound. Comparisons of Ba 72-500 and other bluegrasses
for seed measurements and seed counts per pound are found in Tables 1 and
2.
| TABLE 1
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Seed Measurements of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| After Conditioning.
|
| Length Width
|
| Variety (mm) (mm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 2.77 0.80
|
| Baron 3.07 0.86
|
| Bristol 2.73 0.80
|
| Nassau 2.96 0.78
|
| Newport 2.76 0.71
|
| Park 3.04 0.72
|
| Ram I 3.51 0.84
|
| Victa 3.20 0.86
|
| LSD (.05) 0.19 0.06
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Seed Counts Per Pound of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| After Conditioning
|
| Number of Seeds
|
| Per Pound
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 1,300,105
|
| Adelphi 1,383,976
|
| America 1,659,824
|
| Gnome 1,017,641
|
| Baron 1,051,693
|
| Birka 1,223,530
|
| Bonnieblue 1,135,303
|
| Bristol 1,270,821
|
| Classic 1,250,316
|
| Eclipse 1,335,668
|
| Georgetown 1,232,913
|
| Glade 1,108,441
|
| Kenblue 1,463,923
|
| Merit 1,109,728
|
| Nassau 1,127,130
|
| Newport 1,226,481
|
| Park 1,248,349
|
| Sydsport 1,355,644
|
| Vantage 1,555,303
|
| Victa 1,038,298
|
| ______________________________________
|
Since environmental conditions such as soil and climate influence
morphological characteristics to some extent, comparisons of morphological
characteristics of Ba 72-500 are made with other Kentucky bluegrass
varieties in Tables 3-7.
| TABLE 3
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparisons of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass -Varieties
|
| Grown as Unmowed Spaced Plants in the Field at
|
| Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Mature Plant Leaf Panicle Seedhead
|
| Height (cm) Blade Width Density Weight
|
| 2 Year 2 Year 2 Year 2 Year
|
| Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 46 2.4 6 335
|
| Nugget 36 2.0 5 225
|
| Glade 53 2.2 7 314
|
| Vantage 67 2.5 6 786
|
| Adelphi 53 2.3 6 396
|
| Park 55 2.2 6 361
|
| Bristol 55 2.3 7 385
|
| Parade 53 2.5 5 372
|
| A-34 65 2.1 8 384
|
| Kenblue 63 2.4 6 498
|
| Victa 46 3.0 7 442
|
| Merion 49 2.2 7 191
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 18 0.7 2 427
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings:
|
| Leaf Blade Width: 1-4, 4 = wide blades
|
| Panicle Density: 0-9, 9 = very high panicle density
|
| Seedhead Weight: Weight (mg) of three panicles
|
| TABLE 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Panicles of Ba 72-500 and Other
|
| Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Panicle Panicle
|
| Number of
|
| Panicle Length Width Whorls
|
| Variety Nodding* (cm) (cm) Per Panicle
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 2.0 6.8 3.8 5.0
|
| Baron 1.0 7.8 4.1 5.2
|
| Bristol 2.0 9.7 5.0 5.0
|
| Nassau 2.0 10.0 6.0 5.0
|
| Newport 2.0 10.3 4.4 4.5
|
| Park 1.6 9.0 3.7 4.0
|
| Ram I 2.0 9.0 4.7 4.0
|
| Victa 1.2 7.5 4.1 5.4
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.5 1.6 1.0 0.8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Peduncle Peduncle
|
| Number of Branches Length Width
|
| Variety Lower Whorl
|
| Third Whorl (cm) (mm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 4.0 2.4 12.9 0.660
|
| Baron 3.8 2.5 12.7 0.559
|
| Bristol 3.3 2.7 15.0 0.686
|
| Nassau 3.0 2.0 8.0 0.533
|
| Newport 2.3 2.3 18.0 0.558
|
| Park 4.3 3.7 14.3 0.787
|
| Ram I 2.5 2.0 18.5 0.610
|
| Victa 4.4 3.4 12.2 0.711
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.7 0.8 3.7 0.018
|
| ______________________________________
|
| *Panicle nodding rated 1 = erect, 2 = nodding.
|
| TABLE 5
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Culms and Flag Leaves of Ba
|
| 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at
|
| Marysville, Ohio.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Flag Leaf Flag Leaf Flag Leaf
|
| Length Width Thickness
|
| Variety (cm) (mm) (mm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 4.1 3.2 0.112
|
| Baron 4.5 3.2 0.119
|
| Bristol 5.5 3.4 0.127
|
| Nassau 6.2 3.1 0.127
|
| Newport 6.1 3.5 0.135
|
| Park 4.2 2.6 0.109
|
| Ram I 4.7 3.1 0.127
|
| Victa 5.9 4.0 0.124
|
| LSD (.05) 1.8 0.6 0.013
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Top
|
| Internode Culm Number of
|
| Length Length Nodes Per
|
| Variety (cm) (mm) Culm
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 9.8 439 2.7
|
| Baron 10.1 482 2.5
|
| Bristol 11.3 522 2.7
|
| Nassau 11.2 450 2.5
|
| Newport 11.2 547 2.3
|
| Park 13.0 578 3.0
|
| Ram I 10.2 527 3.0
|
| Victa 10.6 474 2.4
|
| LSD (.05) 2.1 79 0.6
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 6
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Spikelets and Florets of Ba
|
| 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at
|
| Marysville, Ohio.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Spikelet Number of Florets
|
| Length (mm) per Spikelet
|
| Lowest Third Lowest Third
|
| Variety Whorl Whorl Whorl Whorl
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 5.1 5.0 4.2 3.9
|
| Baron 5.0 5.0 3.7 3.8
|
| Bristol 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.3
|
| Nassau 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5
|
| Newport 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.2
|
| Park 6.5 6.7 5.2 4.7
|
| Ram I 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.5
|
| Victa 5.2 5.0 3.8 3.8
|
| LSD (.05) 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Glume Length (mm)
|
| Outer Inner
|
| Lowest Third Lowest
|
| Third
|
| Variety Whorl Whorl Whorl Whorl
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4
|
| Baron 2.9 2.8 3.4 3.3
|
| Bristol 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.9
|
| Nassau 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.7
|
| Newport 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.9
|
| Park 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7
|
| Ram I 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.7
|
| Victa 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.3
|
| LSD (.05) 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 7
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Leaves of Ba 72-500 and Other
|
| Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Leaf
|
| Ligule Leaf Leaf Angle
|
| Length Length Width (Degrees
|
| Variety (mm) (mm) (mm) From Horizontal)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 0.25 204 4.1 50
|
| Baron 0.30 313 4.4 63
|
| Bristol 0.30 253 4.3 37
|
| Nassau 0.22 226 3.5 39
|
| Newport 0.22 251 4.1 50
|
| Park 0.33 329 4.2 44
|
| Ram I 0.18 188 3.7 40
|
| Victa 0.28 235 4.3 52
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.11 49 0.6 10
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Hairsa Around
|
| Ligule on
|
| Upper Surface Hairsa on
|
| Hairsb on
|
| Variety of the Leaf Collar Ligule
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 1.0 3.5 2.7
|
| Baron 1.0 5.0 4.0
|
| Bristol 1.3 4.7 4.3
|
| Nassau 2.7 5.0 1.0
|
| Newport 1.0 4.0 0.8
|
| Park 1.0 1.7 0.0
|
| Ram I 1.0 3.7 0.3
|
| Victa 1.0 3.3 2.2
|
| LSD (.05) 0.3 1.4 1.8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Hairs around ligule and on collar rated 1-5: 1 = none, 5 = many.
|
| b Hairs on ligule rated 0-5: 0 = none, 5 = many.
|
Ba 72-500 has performed very well throughout the U.S.A. and Canada as
exhibited by high turf quality ratings in ten different locations as the
comparisons show in Table 8.
| TABLE 8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of the Turf Quality of Ba 72-500 and Other
|
| Bluegrass Varieties in the U.S.A. and Canada
|
| ______________________________________
|
| St. Louis Guelph Winnipeg
|
| Beltsville
|
| Missouri Ontario Manitoba
|
| Maryland
|
| 1 Year 2 Year 2 Year 1 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 3.2 7.7 6.9 5.8
|
| A-34 6.6 5.6
|
| Adelphi 2.9 5.9
|
| Admiral 6.0
|
| America 2.8
|
| Aquila 7.1
|
| Banff 4.8
|
| Baron 2.7 6.2 5.3
|
| Birka 2.3
|
| Bonnieblue 5.0
|
| Bono
|
| Bristol 2.7 5.0
|
| Columbia 4.9
|
| Eclipse 5.9
|
| Enmundi 5.5
|
| Fylking 4.9
|
| Geary
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 2.8 5.3
|
| Gnome 2.9 7.0
|
| Kenolue
|
| Merion 6.7 5.3
|
| Merit 2.8 6.5 6.1
|
| Midnight 5.5
|
| Monopoly 4.9
|
| Mystic 6.6
|
| Nassau 5.9 4.5
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget 7.1
|
| Parade 5.0
|
| Park 1.8 6.7
|
| Ram I 4.6
|
| SO Common
|
| Shasta 6.7 7.1
|
| Sydsport 2.7 5.8
|
| Touchdown
|
| 2.7 6.8 5.8
|
| Trampas 6.3
|
| Vantage 2.6 5.5
|
| Victa 2.8 5.5
|
| Wabash
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Adelphia Lincoln Agassiz
|
| New Jersey Nebraska British Columbia
|
| 2 Year 2 Year 1 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 6.1 6.0 5.4
|
| A-34 6.2
|
| Adelphi 6.4 6.1
|
| Admiral
|
| America
|
| Aquila 5.7
|
| Banff
|
| Baron 6.4 5.6
|
| Birka 5.9 5.9
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 6.7 5.8
|
| Bono 5.2
|
| Bristol 6.5 5.9 6.1
|
| Columbia 5.9
|
| Eclipse 7.2 5.8
|
| Enmundi 6.3 5.9
|
| Fylking 5.7 6.1
|
| Geary 3.6
|
| Geronimo 5.1
|
| Glade 6.7 6.4
|
| Gnome 6.4
|
| Kenolue 3.3
|
| Merion 6.0 5.9 5.3
|
| Merit 6.2 6.0 4.9
|
| Midnight 7.3 5.9
|
| Monopoly 5.7
|
| Mystic
|
| Nassau 5.9
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget
|
| Parade 5.6 6.5
|
| Park 5.7
|
| Ram I 6.2 5.9
|
| SO Common
|
| 3.2
|
| Shasta 5.7
|
| Sydsport 6.0 6.3
|
| Touchdown
|
| 6.1 5.9
|
| Trampas 5.7
|
| Vantage 3.6 5.8
|
| Victa 6.5 5.7
|
| Wabash 4.8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Gervais Marysville
|
| Prince Frederick
|
| Oregon Ohio Maryland
|
| 3 Year 5 Year 4 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 2.8 2.8 2.3
|
| A-34
|
| Adelphi 2.4 2.7 1.9
|
| Admiral
|
| America 2.5
|
| Aquila
|
| Banff
|
| Baron
|
| Birka
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| Bono
|
| Bristol 2.8 2.7 2.1
|
| Columbia
|
| Eclipse
|
| Enmundi
|
| Fylking
|
| Geary
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 2.5 1.8
|
| Gnome 2.3
|
| Kenolue 1.4
|
| Merion
|
| Merit 2.4 1.9
|
| Midnight
|
| Monopoly
|
| Mystic
|
| Nassau
|
| Newport 1.4
|
| Nugget
|
| Parade 2.7
|
| Park 2.1 1.7
|
| Ram I
|
| SO Common
|
| Shasta
|
| Sydsport
|
| Touchdown
|
| Trampas
|
| Vantage 2.6 1.8
|
| Victa 2.2 2.6 2.1
|
| Wabash
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating Scale: Larger number indicates higher quality.
|
Good turf performance under shady conditions is an important characteristic
for broad, general usage of a bluegrass variety. Ba 72-500 performs very
well under shady conditions as seen from the comparative test results in
Tables 9 and 10.
| TABLE 9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade of Ba 72-500 and
|
| Other Bluegrass Varieties at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| 4 Yr
|
| Year 1
|
| Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.4
|
| Merion 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.8
|
| Fylking 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9
|
| A-34 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.4
|
| Park 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9
|
| Newport 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.9
|
| Bristol 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.0
|
| Enmundi 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.2
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 2.0 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.9
|
| Touchdown
|
| 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.9
|
| Aquila 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.1 1.8
|
| Parade 1.8 2.0 2.2 1.8 2.0
|
| Victa 2.0 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.8
|
| LSD (.05) .46 .47
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
|
| TABLE 10
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade of Ba 72-500
|
| and Other Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, Oregon.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Quality
|
| Year 1 Year 2
|
| June Aug. Oct. Mean Feb. Sept Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 2.8 2.8 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.0 3.2
|
| Bristol 2.5 2.8 2.3 2.6 3.0 1.7 2.4
|
| Gnome 3.5 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.0 0.5 .8
|
| Victa 2.8 1.8 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.9
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| .97 .97 .63 .95 .96
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Quality
|
| Year 3 Year 4 4 Yr
|
| Feb. May Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 2.2 2.2 2.7
|
| Bristol
|
| 2.0 2.3 2.3
|
| Gnome 1.3 2.3 1.6
|
| Victa 1.8 1.0 1.7
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| .83 .80
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
|
The new variety has a pleasant medium green color which can be maintained
throughout the growing season and widely scattered locations in the U.S.A.
and Canada as shown by the comparative test results in Table 11.
| TABLE 11
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Turf Color of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| at Various Locations in the U.S.A. and Canada.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| St. Louis Truro Winnipeg
|
| Lincoln
|
| Missouri Nova Scotia Manitoba
|
| Nebraska
|
| 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 2 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 9.4 7.1 7.0 7.0
|
| A-34 6.3 6.5
|
| Adelphi 9.4 7.2
|
| America 9.4 7.0
|
| Aquila 7.3 6.7
|
| Baron 9.2 7.3 6.9
|
| Birka 9.1 6.7
|
| Bonnieblue 7.0
|
| Bono 9.0
|
| Bristol 9.5 7.3
|
| Eclipse 7.0
|
| Enmundi 7.0
|
| Fylking 6.8
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 9.3 7.1
|
| Gnome 9.3 7.5
|
| Kenblue
|
| Merion 6.9
|
| Merit 9.2 7.2 7.0
|
| Midnight 8.1 7.9
|
| Mystic 6.5
|
| Nassau 7.2
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget 7.3
|
| Parade 6.8
|
| Park 9.0 6.1
|
| Ram I 7.3
|
| Rugby 6.8
|
| Shasta 7.2
|
| Sydsport
|
| 9.2 7.0
|
| Touchdown
|
| 9.0 6.6 6.8
|
| Trampas 6.9
|
| Vantage 9.2 6.8
|
| Victa 9.2 7.5 6.9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Marys- Prince
|
| Agassiz Gervais ville Frederick
|
| British Columbia
|
| Oregon Ohio Maryland
|
| 1 Year 3 Year 2 Year 3 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 5.5 7.2 8.1 7.7
|
| A-34
|
| Adelphi 7.6 8.4 7.4
|
| America 7.6 8.5
|
| Aquila
|
| Baron 8.5
|
| Birka 8.1
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| Bono 6.0
|
| Bristol 7.0 9.3 8.9 8.3
|
| Eclipse 8.5
|
| Enmundi
|
| Fylking
|
| Geronimo
|
| 5.8
|
| Glade 8.3 8.4 8.0
|
| Gnome 7.4 8.1
|
| Kenblue 6.6 8.1
|
| Merion 5.7
|
| Merit 6.5 7.4 7.4
|
| Midnight 8.9
|
| Mystic
|
| Nassau
|
| Newport 7.5
|
| Nugget
|
| Parade
|
| Park 8.1 6.8
|
| Ram I
|
| Rugby
|
| Shasta
|
| Sydsport 8.2
|
| Touchdown 8.1
|
| Trampas
|
| Vantage 8.5 6.8
|
| Victa 7.1 8.4 7.6
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating Scale: Larger number indicates darker green color.
|
Resistance to common turf diseases is important for consistent performance
throughout the year and among locations. Comparisons of resistance to leaf
spot (also known as melting out and crown rot) caused by the fungus
Helminthosporium vagans are presented in Table 12.
| TABLE 12
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Leafspot Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and
|
| Other Bluegrasses at Several Locations in the U.S.A. and
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Canada.
|
| Agassizc
|
| St. Louisa
|
| Beltsvilleb
|
| Adelphiab
|
| British
|
| Missouri Maryland New Jersey
|
| Columbia
|
| 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 3 7.7 7.0 3.0
|
| A-34 5.3 4.3
|
| Adelphi 2 8.0 5.7
|
| America 8
|
| Aquila 6.3
|
| Banff 5.3 7.0
|
| Baron 2 7.0 8.7
|
| Birka 5 6.3
|
| Bonnieblue 7.0
|
| Bono 7 3.0
|
| Bristol 2 7.0 8.3 2.3
|
| Columbia 5.7 6.3
|
| Eclipse 7.7 9.0
|
| Enmundi 7.0
|
| Fylking 6.7 6.3
|
| Geary 2.0
|
| Geronimo 4.7
|
| Glade 2 7.3 6.3
|
| Gnome 2 7.0 8.0
|
| Kenblue 3.3 1.7
|
| Merion 6.3 7.7 3.0
|
| Merit 3 7.3 7.7 3.7
|
| Midnight 7.0 7.0
|
| Monopoly 5.3 6.0
|
| Nassau 7.7 7.4
|
| Newport
|
| Parade 6.0 5.0
|
| Park 52
|
| Ram I 6.5 7.0
|
| Rugby 5.0
|
| Shasta 6.0
|
| Sydsport
|
| 3 7.3 6.3
|
| Touchdown
|
| 7 7.7
|
| Trenton 6.0
|
| Vantage 7 5.0 2.0
|
| Victa 2 8.0 7.0
|
| Wabash 2.0
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 7 1.9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Gervaisa
|
| Marysvillea
|
| Accokeeka
|
| Marysvillea
|
| Oregon Ohio Maryland
|
| Ohio (Shade)
|
| 3 Year 5 Year 2 Year 1 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 21 4 1 0
|
| A-34
|
| Adelphi 46 9
|
| America 29 0
|
| Aquila
|
| Banff
|
| Baron
|
| Birka 0
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| Bono
|
| Bristol 8 5 2
|
| Columbia
|
| Eclipse
|
| Enmundi
|
| Fylking
|
| Geary
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 46 0
|
| Gnome 76 0
|
| Kenblue 75 67
|
| Merion
|
| Merit 65
|
| Midnight
|
| Monopoly
|
| Nassau
|
| Newport 45
|
| Parade 10
|
| Park 54
|
| Ram I
|
| Rugby
|
| Shasta
|
| Sydsport
|
| --
|
| Touchdown 0
|
| Trenton
|
| Vantage 15 30
|
| Victa 70 7 12 0
|
| Wabash
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 15 5 10 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings
|
| a % of turf affected by disease
|
| b 1-9, 9 = least disease
|
| c 1-9, 9 = most disease
|
Comparisons of resistance to powdery milkdew caused by Erysiphe graminis,
rust caused by Puccinia spp., dollarspot caused by Sclerotina homeocarpa,
stripe smut caused by Ustilago striiformis, and red thread caused by
Corticium fuciform are presented in Tables 13-18.
| TABLE 13
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis) Disease lncidence
|
| on Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrasses at Adelphia, New Jersey
|
| Test 1
|
| Test 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 7.2 7.7
|
| Midnight 7.0 7.8
|
| Columbia 6.7 7.8
|
| Banff 6.5 7.7
|
| Bristol 7.7 7.7
|
| Parade 6.2 7.5
|
| Monopoly 7.1 7.4
|
| Ram I 7.0 7.3
|
| Victa 5.6 7.2
|
| Merit 5.7 7.0
|
| Baron 6.4 7.0
|
| Nassau 6.8 7.0
|
| Eclipse 4.7 7.0
|
| Aquila 6.9 7.0
|
| Bonnieblue 5.4 7.0
|
| Adelphi 7.1 6.9
|
| America 7.4 6.9
|
| Vantage 6.2 5.9
|
| Touchdown 3.5 5.7
|
| Birka 3.5 5.6
|
| Merion 2.4 3.6
|
| LSD (.05) 0.9 1.0
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-9, 9 = No Disease
|
| TABLE 14
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Rust (Puccinia spp.) Disease Incidence on Ba
|
| 72-500 and Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Turf Unmowed Spaced Plants
|
| Location
|
| Aggasiza
|
| Gervaisb
|
| Marysvilleb
|
| British Columbia
|
| Oregon Ohio
|
| Rating Years
|
| Variety 2 Year Mean 1 Year Mean
|
| 1 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 1.3 1 17
|
| A-34 10
|
| Adelphi 23 10
|
| America 9
|
| Bono 2.1
|
| Bristol 1.2 6 9
|
| Geronimo 1.5
|
| Glade 4 13
|
| Gnome 13
|
| Kenblue 30 24
|
| Merion 2.8 33
|
| Merit 2.9 8
|
| Newport 23
|
| Nugget 13
|
| Parade 7
|
| Park 32
|
| Vantage 43
|
| Victa 9 18
|
| LSD (.05) 12 16
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Rated 1-9, 9 = most disease
|
| b Rated as % of disease incidence
|
| TABLE 15
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Dollarspot Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and
|
| Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Prince Frederick
|
| Marysville
|
| Variety Maryland Ohio
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 24 47
|
| Adelphi 8 20
|
| America 13
|
| Baron 50 23
|
| Birka 6 47
|
| Bonnieblue 10
|
| Bono 4 63
|
| Bristol 6 17
|
| Columbia 10
|
| Eclipse 8
|
| Glade 40
|
| Gnome 22
|
| Kenblue 8 37
|
| Merit 4
|
| Midnight 6
|
| Park 33
|
| Ram I 40
|
| Rugby 12
|
| Sydsport 43
|
| Touchdown 50
|
| Trenton 28
|
| Vantage 11 15
|
| Victa 5 23
|
| Wabash 11
|
| LSD (.05) 19 24
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: % of turf that is affected by disease.
|
| TABLE 16
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Stripe Smut Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and
|
| Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Prince Frederick
|
| Accokeek
|
| Maryland Maryland
|
| Variety 3 Year Mean 2 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 0 2
|
| Bristol 7
|
| Mosa 23
|
| Vantage 3
|
| Victa 9
|
| LSD (.05) 16 9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: % of turf affected by disease.
|
| TABLE 17
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Red Thread Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and
|
| Other Bluegrasses at Gervais, Oregon
|
| Red Thread
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 0
|
| Victa 10
|
| Bristol 0
|
| Glade 15
|
| Adelphi 0
|
| Kenblue 23
|
| Newport 3
|
| America 2
|
| Merit 7
|
| Gnome 0
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 13
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: % of turf affected by disease.
|
| TABLE 18
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Powdery Mildew Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and Other
|
| Bluegrasses.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Greenhousea
|
| Natural Shadeb
|
| Adelphia Gervais Marysville
|
| New Jersey
|
| Oregon Ohio
|
| 1 Year 1 Year 3 Year 2 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 5.4 3 3 0
|
| A-34 4.5
|
| Adelphi 0.8
|
| America 6.7 7
|
| Aquila 8.7
|
| Banff 0.4 15
|
| Baron 1.4
|
| Birka 5.7 2
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 0.8
|
| Bristol 6.4 3 10 1
|
| Columbia 0.5
|
| Eclipse 6.9 3
|
| Enmundi 6.9
|
| Fylking 1.3
|
| Geronimo 40
|
| Glade 7.0 37 21
|
| Gnome 1.7 78 61
|
| Kenblue 2
|
| Kimono 0.9
|
| Majestic 0.9
|
| Merion 0.9
|
| Merit 2.3
|
| Midnight 0.7
|
| Monopoly 5.9 2
|
| Mosa
|
| Mystic 8.3
|
| Newport 33
|
| Nugget 7.0
|
| Parade 2.2
|
| Ram I 7.2
|
| Rugby 0.6 15
|
| Shasta 0.7
|
| Sydsport 6.1
|
| Touchdown 0
|
| Vantage 5.0
|
| Victa 1.9 35 47 52
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.8 21 16 6
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Spaced Plants - Sunb
|
| Prince Frederick
|
| Marysville
|
| Maryland Ohio
|
| 1 Year 2 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 0 0
|
| A-34 2 15
|
| Adelphi 12 23
|
| America
|
| Aquila
|
| Banff
|
| Baron
|
| Birka
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| Bristol 1 0
|
| Columbia
|
| Eclipse
|
| Enmundi
|
| Fylking
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 57 23
|
| Gnome
|
| Kenblue 10
|
| Kimono
|
| Majestic
|
| Merion 5
|
| Merit
|
| Midnight
|
| Monopoly
|
| Mosa 58
|
| Mystic
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget 3
|
| Parade 0
|
| Ram I
|
| Rugby
|
| Shasta --
|
| Sydsport
|
| Touchdown
|
| Vantage 34
|
| Victa 13
|
| LSD (.05) 25 12
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Rated 0-9, 9 = least disease
|
| b Rated as % of turf affected by disease
|
Ba 72-500 has the ability to tolerate heat and drought stress as
illustrated in Table 19.
| TABLE 19
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Drought and Heat Tolerance of Ba 72-500 and
|
| Other Bluegrasses in Prince Frederick, Maryland.
|
| Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
|
| Variety
|
| 4 Year Mean 1 Year Mean
|
| 3 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 20 0 27
|
| Adelphi 36
|
| Bristol
|
| 31 36
|
| Glade 49
|
| Merit 43
|
| Mosa 27
|
| Park 39
|
| Vantage 50 39
|
| Victa 50 30
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 12 24 22
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated as % brown turf due to drought and heat stress.
|
The low growth habit and slower vertical growth rate of Ba 72-500 indicates
that it should withstand low mowing heights as well as possibly decrease
the total number of mowings per year under favorable enviromental
conditions, especially in comparison to the common type varieties of
Kenblue, Newport, and Park as presented in Table 20.
| TABLE 20
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Growth Habit of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrasses at
|
| Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
|
| Variety 1 Year Meana
|
| 2 Year Meanb
|
| 3 Year Meanb
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 2.0 1.4 66
|
| Adelphi 2.0 2.4
|
| America 1.8
|
| Baron 1.8
|
| Birka 2.0
|
| Bono 2.0
|
| Bristol 2.0 2.0 74
|
| Eclipse 2.0
|
| Fylking 93
|
| Glade 2.2
|
| Gnome 2.0
|
| Kenblue 2.9 96
|
| Merion 78
|
| Merit 84
|
| Newport 100
|
| Parade 2.2
|
| Park 2.9 2.2
|
| Sydsport 1.9 72
|
| Touchdown
|
| 2.0
|
| Vantage 2.7 2.0 84
|
| Victa 1.9 2.0 77
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.3 0.5 12
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Rated 1-5, 5 = high growth, 1 = dwarf.
|
| b Rated as height (mm) of turf about one week after last mowing.
|
The leaf texture of Ba 72-500 is similar to many bluegrass varieties when
maintained under mowed turf conditions as the comparative test results
show in Table 21.
| TABLE 21
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Leaf Texture of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrasses
|
| Under Mowed Turf Conditions.
|
| St. Louis Agassiz Marysville
|
| Variety Missouri British Columbia
|
| Ohio
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 4.3 6.0 5.0
|
| Adelphi 5.3
|
| America 6.0
|
| Baron 4.6
|
| Birka 6.0
|
| Bono 5.6 6.7
|
| Bristol 5.3 7.0 5.0
|
| Fylking 5.8
|
| Geronimo 5.7
|
| Glade 6.0
|
| Gnome 4.3
|
| Kenblue 5.5
|
| Merion 6.3 5.0
|
| Merit 4.3 5.0 5.0
|
| Newport 5.0
|
| Park 6.0
|
| Sydsport
|
| 5.0 5.0
|
| Touchdown
|
| 5.0
|
| Vantage 6.0 5.3
|
| Victa 4.4 4.8
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.7 0.4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: 1-9, 9 = finest texture.
|
Ba 72-500 has a good level of seed yielding ability which should make it an
economically feasible variety to produce for commercial markets as shown
in Table 22.
| TABLE 22
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Seed Yield Comparisons of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass
|
| Varieties in Oregon
|
| Location Gervais La Grande
|
| Seeded Year Year Year Year Madras
|
| Harvest Year
|
| 1 2 Mean 1 2 Mean Year 1
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Variety
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 559 757 658 876 857 867 1113
|
| Victa 780 1394 1087 1419 1200 1310 1324
|
| Newport 435 1256 846
|
| Bristol 347 808 578 1089 970 1030
|
| Mosa 322 1060 691
|
| Julia 296 1016 656
|
| Baron 1194
|
| Trampas 388
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 140 134 149 181 220
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: Pounds per acre of conditioned seed.
|
The low susceptibility of Ba 72-500 to rust and lodging under typical seed
field conditions should aid in producing enconomical seed crops as
indicated by the comparative results in Table 23.
| TABLE 23
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Plant Characteristics of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties at
|
| Gervais, Oregon Under Seed Production Conditions.
|
| Lodging
|
| Rust Year 1 Year 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-500 1 2.5 0.2
|
| Victa 2 2.0 0
|
| Bristol 4 4.0 1
|
| Newport 4 4.0 1
|
| Mosa 4 2.0 0
|
| Julia 4 5.0 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings
|
| Rust: 1-4, 4 = very susceptible
|
| Lodging: 0-5, 5 = severe lodging
|
Schneider, Richard, Meier, Virgil D., Mayer, Eugene
| Patent |
Priority |
Assignee |
Title |
| PP10080, |
Jul 15 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA 77 700` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10081, |
Jul 15 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA 78-165` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10384, |
Dec 10 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10925, |
Oct 14 1997 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky Bluegrass, named `Ba74-17` |
| PP11520, |
Jul 22 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba79-260` |
| PP11536, |
Feb 27 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba87-102` |
| PP11647, |
Jul 22 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba76-372` |
| PP11987, |
May 24 2000 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba75-173` |
| PP12435, |
Nov 10 2000 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba81-227` |
| PP18439, |
Aug 19 2005 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Hybrid variety of (Texas Bluegrass×Kentucky Bluegrass)×Kentucky Bluegrass designated ‘HB 329’ |
| PP18467, |
Aug 06 2004 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Hybrid variety of Texas X kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 129’ |
| PP21045, |
Feb 22 2008 |
OMS INVESTMENTS, INC |
Hybrid variety of Texas×Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 128’ |
| PP9036, |
Sep 23 1993 |
The O. M. Scott and Sons Company |
BA 73-366 Kentucky bluegrass |
| PP9611, |
May 30 1995 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`Ba 69-82 ` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP9848, |
Sep 25 1995 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA-74-114` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP9977, |
Feb 23 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Ba 77-279 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| Patent |
Priority |
Assignee |
Title |
| Date |
Maintenance Fee Events |
n/a
| Date |
Maintenance Schedule |
n/a