Kentucky bluegrasses have been disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,156 which
issued on May 9, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,186 which issued on May 23,
1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,336 which issued on Nov. 28, 1978; U.S. Plant
patent application, Ser. No. 872,537, filed June 10, 1986; U.S. Plant
patent application, Ser. No. 910,146, filed Sept. 19, 1986; and U.S. Plant
patent application, Ser. No. 028,424, filed of even date herewith.
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Poa
pratensis which has been designated Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass.
Ba 72-492 plant material originated by crossing a Kentucky bluegrass plant
("Gnome") disclosed in U.S. Plant patent application Ser. No. 872,537, the
seed parent, with a pollen parent plant. As a result of this breeding, a
distinct variety was produced and asexually propagated by rhizomes,
tillers and disseminules. Seed of Ba 72-492 was produced first at
Marysville, Ohio and later at Gervais, Oreg.
Asexual reproduction of Ba 72-492 by propagules (tillers and rhizomes) and
by disseminules (modified caryopses produced by apomixis) has consistently
produced plants indistinguishable from the mother plant.
Ba 72-492 has a number of highly desirable characteristics including a good
level of resistance to Helminthosporium spp that causes leaf spot, melting
out and crown rot, Ustilago striiformis that causes stripe smut, Erysiphe
graminis that causes powdery mildew, and Puccinia spp. that causes rust;
an attractive leafy turf type growth habit; moderately wide leaf blades;
an attractive green color which can be maintained throughout the entire
growing season; good turf performance as evidenced by consistently high
scores in tests throughout the U.S.A. and Canada; and a medium seed yield
potential in the bluegrass seed production region of the U.S.A.
In comparison with its seed parent, Gnome, the new variety is more shade
tolerant and has better resistance to powdery mildew and rust. In
comparison to another Kentucky bluegrass (Ba 72-500) which is disclosed in
U.S. Plant patent application Ser. No. 910,146 which also has Gnome as its
seed parent, Ba 72-492 produces seeds that are shorter than Ba 72-500 and
the panicle of Ba 72-492 does not nod as much as Ba 72-500.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass plant in the
vegetative stage including the extensive root and rhizome system;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass panicle; and
FIG. 3 is a photograph of Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass seed.
Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass (Poa protensis L.) is perennial with creeping
rhizomes forming a moderately dense turf. When plants overwinter in the
field with freezing temperatures and then are brought into the greenhouse
during late winter to continue growth undisturbed by clipping under
moderate temperatures (60°-80° F.), culms are erect
averaging 486 mm in length with an average of 2.2 nodes per culm. The
uppermost internode averages 10.5 cm, and the peduncle averages 12.6 cm in
length and 0.552 mm in thickness. The flag leaf averages 5.2 cm in length,
3.6 mm in width and 0.117 mm in thickness. The panicle is generally erect
as opposed to nodding with an average length of 12.6 cm, width of 4.2 cm,
and 5.5 whorls. The lowest whorl has an average of 4.0 branches and the
third whorl from the bottom of the panicle has an average of 3.0 branches.
The average spikelet at the tip of a branch in the lowest whorl is 5.2 mm
in length and has 4.4 florets with an outer glume of 2.9 mm and an inner
glume of 3.3 mm in length. A similar spikelet from the third whorl from
the bottom of the panicle is 5.0 mm in length and has 4.2 florets with an
outer glume of 3.0 mm and an inner glume of 3.3 mm in length. After the
seed has been conditioned, the lemma has a generally smooth keel and
almost no long fine hairs at the base. The seed of Ba 72-492 is 2.53 mm in
length and 0.76 mm in width with approximately 1,275,740 seeds per pound.
Comparisons of Ba 72-492 with other bluegrass varieties on seed dimensions
are shown in Table 1 and on seed numbers per pound are shown in Table 2.
| TABLE 1
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Seed Measurements of Ba 72-492 and Other
|
| Bluegrass Varieties After Conditioning
|
| Length Width
|
| Variety (mm) (mm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492 2.53 0.76
|
| Ba 70-139 2.86 0.78
|
| Ba 72-500 2.77 0.80
|
| Baron 3.07 0.86
|
| Bristol 2.73 0.80
|
| Nassau 2.96 0.78
|
| Newport 2.76 0.71
|
| Park 3.04 0.72
|
| Ram I 3.51 0.84
|
| Victa 3.20 0.86
|
| LSD (.05) 0.19 0.06
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Seed Counts per Pound of Ba 72-492 and
|
| Other Bluegrass Varieties After Conditioning
|
| Number of Seeds
|
| Per Pound
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492 1,275,740
|
| Adelphi 1,383,976
|
| America 1,659,824
|
| Gnome 1,017,641
|
| Baron 1,051,693
|
| Birka 1,223,530
|
| Bonnieblue 1,135,303
|
| Bristol 1,270,821
|
| Classic 1,250,316
|
| Eclipse 1,335,668
|
| Georgetown 1,232,913
|
| Glade 1,108,441
|
| Kenblue 1,463,923
|
| Merit 1,109,728
|
| Nassau 1,127,130
|
| Newport 1,226,481
|
| Park 1,248,349
|
| Sydsport 1,355,644
|
| Vantage 1,555,303
|
| Victa 1,038,298
|
| ______________________________________
|
Since environmental conditions such as soil and climate may influence
morphological characters to some extent, comparisons of morphological
characteristics of Ba 72-492 are made with other Kentucky bluegrass
varieties in Tables 3-7.
| TABLE 3
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparisons of Ba 72-492 and Other
|
| Bluegrass Varieties Grown As Unmowed Spaced Plants
|
| in the Field at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Mature Plant
|
| Leaf Blade
|
| Panicle
|
| Height Width Density
|
| 2 Year Mean
|
| Annual 2 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 74-492
|
| 40 2.4 52
|
| A-34 63 2.4 61
|
| Bristol 31 2.0 38
|
| Glade 35 2.3 58
|
| Kenblue 51 2.0 43
|
| Merion 28 2.3 26
|
| Nugget 23 2.1 34
|
| Parade 53 3.0 67
|
| Park 51 2.1 54
|
| P-104 39 2.4 33
|
| Vantage 54 2.3 52
|
| Victa 38 2.5 49
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings:
|
| Mature Plant Height (cm) includes panicles.
|
| Leaf Blade Width 1-4, 4 = wide blade.
|
| Panicle Density 1-100, 100 = high panicle density
|
| TABLE 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Panicles of Ba 72-492 and Other
|
| Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Number of
|
| Panicle Panicle Panicle Whorls
|
| Variety Nodding* Length (cm)
|
| Width (cm)
|
| Per Panicle
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 1.2 7.5 4.2 5.5
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 2.0 6.7 3.7 4.8
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 2.0 6.8 3.8 5.0
|
| Baron 1.0 7.8 4.1 5.2
|
| Bristol 2.0 9.7 5.0 5.0
|
| Nassau 2.0 10.0 6.0 5.0
|
| Newport 2.0 10.3 4.4 4.5
|
| Park 1.6 9.0 3.7 4.0
|
| Ram I 2.0 9.0 4.7 4.0
|
| Victa 1.2 7.5 4.1 5.4
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.5 1.6 1.0 0.8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Peduncle Peduncle
|
| Number of Branches Length Width
|
| Variety Lower Whorl
|
| Third Whorl
|
| (cm) (mm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 4.0 3.0 12.6 0.558
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 3.8 2.7 13.2 0.610
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 4.0 2.4 12.9 0.660
|
| Baron 3.8 2.5 12.7 0.559
|
| Bristol 3.3 2.7 15.0 0.686
|
| Nassau 3.0 2.0 8.0 0.533
|
| Newport 2.3 2.3 18.0 0.558
|
| Park 4.3 3.7 14.3 0.787
|
| Ram I 2.5 2.0 18.5 0.610
|
| Victa 4.4 3.4 12.2 0.711
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.7 0.8 3.7 0.018
|
| ______________________________________
|
| *Panicle nodding rated 1 = erect, 2 = nodding.
|
| TABLE 5
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Culms and Flag Leaves of
|
| Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse
|
| at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Flag Leaf Flag Leaf Flag Leaf
|
| Variety Length (cm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 5.2 3.6 0.117
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 4.7 3.2 0.112
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 4.1 3.2 0.112
|
| Baron 4.5 3.2 0.119
|
| Bristol 5.5 3.4 0.127
|
| Nassau 6.2 3.1 0.127
|
| Newport 6.1 3.5 0.135
|
| Park 4.2 2.6 0.109
|
| Ram I 4.7 3.1 0.127
|
| Victa 5.9 4.0 0.124
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 1.8 0.6 0.013
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Top Internode
|
| Culm Number of
|
| Variety Length (cm) Length (mm) Nodes Per Culm
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 10.5 486 2.2
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 10.2 435 2.7
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 9.8 439 2.7
|
| Baron 10.1 482 2.5
|
| Bristol 11.3 522 2.7
|
| Nassau 11.2 450 2.5
|
| Newport 11.2 547 2.3
|
| Park 13.0 578 3.0
|
| Ram I 10.2 527 3.0
|
| Victa 10.6 474 2.4
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 2.1 79 0.6
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 6
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Spikelets and Florets of Ba 72-492
|
| and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse
|
| at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Number of Florets
|
| Spikelet per Spikelet
|
| Length (mm) Lowest Third
|
| Variety Lowest Whorl
|
| Third Whorl
|
| Whorl Whorl
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 5.2 5.0 4.4 4.2
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 5.2 5.2 4.2 4.0
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 5.1 5.0 4.2 3.9
|
| Baron 5.0 5.0 3.7 3.8
|
| Bristol 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.3
|
| Nassau 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5
|
| Newport 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.2
|
| Park 6.5 6.7 5.2 4.7
|
| Ram I 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.5
|
| Victa 5.2 5.0 3.8 3.8
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Glume Length (mm)
|
| Outer Inner
|
| Lowest Lowest
|
| Variety Whorl Third Whorl
|
| Whorl Third Whorl
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.3
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.5
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4
|
| Baron 2.9 2.8 3.4 3.3
|
| Bristol 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.9
|
| Nassau 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.7
|
| Newport 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.9
|
| Park 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7
|
| Ram I 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.7
|
| Victa 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.3
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 7
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Leaves of Ba 72-492 and Other
|
| Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Leaf
|
| Ligule Leaf Leaf Angle
|
| Length Length Width (Degrees
|
| Variety (mm) (mm) (mm) From Horizontal)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 0.28 239 4.4 52
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 0.26 218 4.1 55
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 0.25 204 4.1 50
|
| Baron 0.30 313 4.4 63
|
| Bristol 0.30 253 4.3 37
|
| Nassau 0.22 226 3.5 39
|
| Newport 0.22 251 4.1 50
|
| Park 0.33 329 4.2 44
|
| Ram I 0.18 188 3.7 40
|
| Victa 0.28 235 4.3 52
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.11 49 0.6 10
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Hairsa Around Ligule on
|
| Hairsa on
|
| Hairsb on
|
| Variety Upper Surface of the Leaf
|
| Collar Ligule
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 1.0 3.2 1.3
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 1.0 3.5 1.5
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 1.0 3.5 2.7
|
| Baron 1.0 5.0 4.0
|
| Bristol 1.3 4.7 4.3
|
| Nassau 2.7 5.0 1.0
|
| Newport 1.0 4.0 0.8
|
| Park 1.0 1.7 0.0
|
| Ram I 1.0 3.7 0.3
|
| Victa 1.0 3.3 2.2
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.3 1.4 1.8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Hairs around ligule and on collar rated 1- 5: 1 = none, 5 = many.
|
| b Hairs on ligule rated 0-5: 0 = none, 5 = many.
|
Ba 72-492 has performed well throughout the U.S.A. and Canada as exhibited
by high turf quality ratings in many different locations in comparison to
other varieties as shown in Table 8.
| TABLE 8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of the Turf Quality of Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass
|
| Varieties in the U.S.A. and Canada
|
| ______________________________________
|
| St. Louis Winnipeg Beltsville
|
| Adelphia
|
| Missouri Manitoba Maryland New Jersey
|
| 1 Year 2 Year 1 Year 2 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 3.2 6.4 5.7 6.2
|
| A-34 6.6 5.6
|
| Adelphi 2.9 5.9 6.4
|
| Admiral 6.0
|
| America 2.8
|
| Aquila 7.1 5.7
|
| Banff 4.8
|
| Baron 2.7 6.2 5.3 6.4
|
| Birka 2.3 5.9
|
| Bonnieblue 5.0 6.7
|
| Bono
|
| Bristol 2.7 5.0 6.5
|
| Cheri 5.1 6.0
|
| Columbia 4.9 5.9
|
| Eclipse 5.9 7.2
|
| Enmundi 5.5 6.3
|
| Fylking 4.9 5.7
|
| Geary 3.6
|
| Georgetown
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 2.8 5.3 6.7
|
| Gnome 2.9 6.4
|
| Kenblue 3.3
|
| Melba 6.9
|
| Merion 5.3 6.0
|
| Merit 2.8 6.5 6.1 6.2
|
| Midnight 5.5 7.3
|
| Monopoly 4.9 5.7
|
| Mosa
|
| Mystic 6.6
|
| Nassau 5.9 4.5 5.9
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget 7.1
|
| Parade 5.0 5.6
|
| Park 1.8
|
| Ram I 4.6 6.2
|
| Rugby
|
| SD Common 3.2
|
| Shasta 7.1 5.7
|
| Sydsport 2.7 5.8 6.0
|
| Touchdown
|
| 2.7 6.8 5.8 6.1
|
| Trampas 6.3
|
| Trenton
|
| Vantage 2.6 5.5 3.6
|
| Victa 2.8 5.5 6.5
|
| Wabash 4.8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Lincoln Gervais
|
| Marysville
|
| Nebraska Agassiz British
|
| Oregon Ohio
|
| 2 Year Columbia 3 Year 5 Year
|
| Variety Mean 1 Year Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 6.0 5.5 2.6 2.8
|
| A-34 6.2
|
| Adelphi 6.1 2.4 2.7
|
| Admiral
|
| America 2.5
|
| Aquila
|
| Banff
|
| Baron 5.6
|
| Birka 5.9
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 5.8
|
| Bono 5.2
|
| Bristol 5.9 6.1 2.8 2.7
|
| Cheri 6.3
|
| Columbia
|
| Eclipse 5.8
|
| Enmundi 5.9
|
| Fylking 6.1
|
| Geary
|
| Georgetown 4.9
|
| Geronimo 5.1
|
| Glade 6.4 2.5
|
| Gnome 2.3
|
| Kenblue 1.4
|
| Melba 5.9
|
| Merion 5.9 5.3
|
| Merit 6.0 4.9 2.4
|
| Midnight 5.9
|
| Monopoly
|
| Mosa
|
| Mystic
|
| Nassau
|
| Newport 1.4
|
| Nugget
|
| Parade 6.5 2.7
|
| Park 5.7 2.1
|
| Ram I 5.9
|
| Rugby
|
| SD Common
|
| Shasta
|
| Sydsport 6.3
|
| Touchdown
|
| 5.9
|
| Trampas 5.7
|
| Trenton 5.8 2.6
|
| Vantage 5.7 2.2 2.6
|
| Victa
|
| Wabash
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Prince Frederick
|
| Somis Marysville
|
| Maryland California Ohio
|
| Variety 4 Year Mean 1 Year Mean
|
| 2 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 2.2 2.8 2.3
|
| A-34
|
| Adelphi 2.4 1.9
|
| Admiral
|
| America
|
| Aquila
|
| Banff
|
| Baron 2.4
|
| Birka 1.8
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 2.3
|
| Bono 1.9
|
| Bristol 2.3 3.0 2.1
|
| Cheri
|
| Columbia 2.5
|
| Eclipse
|
| Enmundi
|
| Fylking
|
| Geary
|
| Georgetown
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 2.0
|
| Gnome 2.0
|
| Kenblue 1.8
|
| Melba
|
| Merion
|
| Merit 2.3
|
| Midnight 2.4
|
| Monopoly
|
| Mosa 2.3
|
| Mystic
|
| Nassau
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget
|
| Parade
|
| Park 2.0
|
| Ram I 2.4
|
| Rugby 2.2
|
| SD Common
|
| Shasta
|
| Sydsport 2.0
|
| Touchdown
|
| Trampas
|
| Trenton 2.4
|
| Vantage 2.3
|
| Victa 2.3 2.5 2.0
|
| Wabash
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating Scale: Larger number indicates higher quality.
|
In addition, Ba 72-492 tolerates shady growing conditions very well which
is an important characteristic that allows an even broader range of use.
Comparisons of Ba 72-492 and other varieties for shade performance are
found in Table 9 and Table 10.
| TABLE 9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade of
|
| Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass Varieties at Marysville, Ohio
|
| Quality 4 Yr
|
| Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 2.2 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5
|
| Merion 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.8
|
| Fylking 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9
|
| A-34 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.4
|
| Park 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9
|
| Newport 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.9
|
| Bristol 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.0
|
| Enmundi 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.2
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 2.0 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.9
|
| Touchdown
|
| 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.9
|
| Aquila 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.1 1.8
|
| Parade 1.8 2.0 2.2 1.8 2.0
|
| Victa 2.0 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.8
|
| LSD (.05) .46 .47
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
|
| TABLE 10
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade of Ba 72-492
|
| and Other Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, Oregon
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Quality
|
| Year 1 Year 2
|
| June Aug. Oct. Mean Feb. Sept.
|
| Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 3.3 3.2 2.8 3.1 2.5 2.8 2.7
|
| Bristol 2.5 2.8 2.3 2.6 3.0 1.7 2.4
|
| Gnome 3.5 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.0 0.5 .8
|
| Victa 2.8 1.8 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.9
|
| LSD(.05)
|
| .97 .97 .63 .95 .96
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Year 3 Feb. Year 4 May 4 Yr Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 2.2 1.8 2.5
|
| Bristol 2.0 2.3 2.3
|
| Gnome 1.3 2.3 1.6
|
| Victa 1.8 1.0 1.7
|
| LSD(.05)
|
| .83 .80
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
|
The new variety has a pleasant medium green color which can be maintained
throughout the growing season and widely scattered locations in the U.S.A.
and Canada as shown by the comparative test results in Table 11.
| TABLE 11
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Turf Color of Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass
|
| Varieties at Various Locations in the U.S.A. and Canada.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Truro Agassiz
|
| St. Louis
|
| Nova Winnipeg
|
| Lincoln
|
| British
|
| Missouri Scotia Manitoba
|
| Nebraska
|
| Columbia
|
| 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 2 Year 1 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 9.2 7.1 7.2 7.0 5.7
|
| A-34 6.3 6.5
|
| Adelphi 9.4 7.2
|
| America 9.4 7.0
|
| Aquila 7.3 6.7
|
| Baron 9.2 7.3 6.9
|
| Birka 9.1 6.7
|
| Bonnieblue 7.0
|
| Bono 9.0 6.0
|
| Bristol 9.5 7.3 7.0
|
| Cheri 7.0
|
| Eclipse 7.0
|
| Enmundi 7.0
|
| Fylking 6.8
|
| Georgetown 6.2
|
| Geronimo 5.8
|
| Glade 9.3 7.1
|
| Gnome 9.3 7.5
|
| Kenblue
|
| Melba 6.9
|
| Merion 6.9 5.7
|
| Merit 9.2 7.2 7.0 6.5
|
| Midnight 8.1 7.9
|
| Mystic 6.5
|
| Nassau 7.2
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget 7.3
|
| Parade 6.8
|
| Park 9.0 6.1
|
| Ram I 7.3
|
| Rugby 6.8
|
| Shasta 7.2
|
| Sydsport 9.2 7.0
|
| Touchdown
|
| 9.0 6.6 6.8
|
| Trampas 6.9
|
| Vantage 9.2 6.8
|
| Victa 9.2 7.5 6.9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Prince
|
| Gervais Marysville
|
| Frederick
|
| Somis
|
| Oregon Ohio Maryland California
|
| 3 Year 4 Year 4 Year 1 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 6.9 7.2 7.6 6.7
|
| A-34
|
| Adelphi 7.6 7.4
|
| America 7.6 6.5
|
| Aquila
|
| Baron
|
| Birka 6.3
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| Bono 6.2
|
| Bristol 9.3 7.8 8.3 7.6
|
| Cheri
|
| Eclipse
|
| Enmundi
|
| Fylking 6.6
|
| Georgetown
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 8.3 8.0 7.0
|
| Gnome 7.4
|
| Kenblue 6.6 7.2 5.8
|
| Melba
|
| Merion 6.9
|
| Merit 7.4 7.1 7.4 5.8
|
| Midnight 5.5
|
| Mystic
|
| Nassau
|
| Newport 7.5 7.0 6.0
|
| Nugget
|
| Parade
|
| Park 6.8
|
| Ram I 7.3
|
| Rugby 6.7
|
| Shasta
|
| Sydsport 7.1
|
| Touchdown
|
| Trampas
|
| Vantage 6.9 6.8 5.7
|
| Victa 7.1 7.1 7.6 6.0
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating Scale: Larger number indicates darker green color.
|
Turf diseases are one of the major causes of inconsistent and poor turf
performance among locations and years. Comparisons of resistance to leaf
spot (also known as melting out and crown rot) caused by Helminthosporium
vagans, powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe graminis, rust caused by
Puccinia spp., dollarspot caused by Sclerotina homeocarpa, and red thread
caused by Corticium fuciform are presented in Tables 12,13,14,15,16 and
17, respectively.
| TABLE 12
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Leafspot Disease Incidence on Ba 72-492 and
|
| Other Bluegrasses at Several Locations in the U.S.A. and
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Canada.
|
| Agassizc
|
| St. Louisa
|
| Beltsvilleb
|
| Adelphiab
|
| British
|
| Missouri Maryland New Jersey
|
| Columbia
|
| 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 3 8.3 6.3 3.0
|
| A-34 5.3 4.3
|
| Adelphi 2 8.0 5.7
|
| America 8
|
| Aquila 6.3
|
| Banff 5.3 7.0
|
| Baron 2 7.0 8.7
|
| Birka 5 6.3
|
| Bonnieblue 7.0
|
| Bono 7 3.0
|
| Bristol 2 7.0 8.3 2.3
|
| Cheri 6.3
|
| Columbia 5.7 6.3
|
| Eclipse 7.7 9.0
|
| Enmundi 7.0
|
| Fylking 6.7 6.3
|
| Geary 2.0
|
| Georgetown 4.3
|
| Geronimo 4.7
|
| Glade 2 7.3 6.3
|
| Gnome 2 7.0 8.0
|
| Kenblue 3.3 1.7
|
| Merion 6.3 7.7 3.0
|
| Merit 3 7.3 7.7
|
| Midnight 7.0 7.0
|
| Monopoly 5.3 6.0
|
| Nassau 7.7 7.4
|
| Newport
|
| Parade 6.0 5.0
|
| Park 52
|
| Ram I 6.5 7.0
|
| Regent 3.7
|
| Rugby 5.0
|
| Shasta 6.0
|
| Sydsport 3 7.3 6.3
|
| Touchdown
|
| 7 7.7
|
| Trenton 6.0
|
| Vantage 7 5.0 2.0
|
| Victa 2 8.0 7.0
|
| Wabash 2.0
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 7 1.9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Marysville1
|
| Marysvillea
|
| Gervaisa Oregon
|
| Ohio Ohio(Shade)
|
| Variety 3 Year Mean 5 Year Mean
|
| 1 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 22 4 0
|
| A-34
|
| Adelphi 46 9
|
| America 29 0
|
| Aquila
|
| Banff
|
| Baron
|
| Birka 0
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| Bono
|
| Bristol 8 5 2
|
| Cheri
|
| Columbia
|
| Eclipse
|
| Enmundi
|
| Fylking
|
| Geary
|
| Georgetown
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 46 0
|
| Gnome 76 0
|
| Kenblue 75 67
|
| Merion
|
| Merit 65
|
| Midnight
|
| Monopoly
|
| Nassau
|
| Newport 45
|
| Parade 10
|
| Park 54
|
| Ram I
|
| Regent
|
| Rugby
|
| Shasta
|
| Sydsport
|
| Touchdown 0
|
| Trenton
|
| Vantage 15
|
| Victa 70 7 0
|
| Wabash
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 15 5 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings
|
| a % of turf affected by disease
|
| b 1-9, 9 = least disease
|
| c 1-9, 9 = most disease
|
| TABLE 13
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Powdery Mildew Disease Incidence on
|
| Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrasses.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Gervais Natural Shadeb
|
| Oregon Marysville Ohio
|
| Marysville Ohio
|
| Variety 1 Year Mean
|
| 3 Year Mean 2 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 5 3 5
|
| A-34
|
| Adelphi
|
| America 7
|
| Banff 15
|
| Birka 2
|
| Bristol 3 10 1
|
| Eclipse 3
|
| Geronimo 40
|
| Glade 37 21
|
| Gnome 78 61
|
| Kenblue 2
|
| Merion
|
| Monopoly 2
|
| Mosa
|
| Newport 33
|
| Nugget
|
| Parade
|
| Park
|
| Rugby 15
|
| Touchdown 0
|
| Vantage
|
| Victa 35 47 52
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 21 16 6
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Spaced Plants - Sunb
|
| Prince Frederick Maryland
|
| Marysville Ohio
|
| Variety 1 Year Mean 2 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 2 14
|
| A-34 2 52
|
| Adelphi 12 23
|
| America
|
| Banff
|
| Birka
|
| Bristol 1 15
|
| Eclipse
|
| Geronimo
|
| Glade 57 8
|
| Gnome
|
| Kenblue 20
|
| Merion 12
|
| Monopoly
|
| Mosa 58
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget 5
|
| Parade 5
|
| Park 15
|
| Rugby
|
| Touchdown
|
| Vantage 34
|
| Victa 25 14
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 13
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Rated 0-9,9 = least disease
|
| b Rated as % of turf affected by disease
|
| TABLE 14
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis)
|
| Disease Incidence on Ba 72-492 and Other
|
| Bluegrasses at Adelphia, New Jersey
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 7.9
|
| Midnight
|
| 7.0
|
| Columbia
|
| 6.7
|
| Banff 6.5
|
| Bristol 7.7
|
| Parade 6.2
|
| Monopoly
|
| 7.1
|
| Ram I 7.0
|
| Victa 5.6
|
| Merit 5.7
|
| Baron 6.4
|
| Nassau 6.8
|
| Eclipse 4.7
|
| Aquila 6.9
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 5.4
|
| Adelphi 7.1
|
| America 7.4
|
| Vantage 6.2
|
| Touchdown
|
| 3.5
|
| Birka 3.5
|
| Merion 2.4
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-9, 9 = No disease
|
| TABLE 15
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Rust (Puccinia spp.) Disease
|
| Incidence on Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Unmowed Spaced
|
| Turf Gervaisb
|
| Plants
|
| Aggasiza
|
| Oregon Marysvilleb
|
| British Columbia
|
| 1 Year Ohio
|
| Variety 2 Year Mean Mean 2 Year Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 1.2 2 9
|
| A-34 12
|
| Adelphi 23 10
|
| America 9
|
| Bono 2.1
|
| Bristol 1.2 6 17
|
| Geronimo
|
| 1.5
|
| Glade 4 11
|
| Gnome 13
|
| Kenblue 30 23
|
| Merion 2.8 16
|
| Merit 2.9 8
|
| Newport 23
|
| Nugget 12
|
| Parade 15
|
| Park 25
|
| Vantage 36
|
| Victa 9 14
|
| LSD (.05) 12
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Rated 1-9, 9 = most disease
|
| b Rated as % of disease incidence
|
| TABLE 16
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Dollarspot Incidence
|
| on Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Prince Frederick
|
| Marysville
|
| Variety Maryland Ohio
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492 9 60
|
| Adelphi 8 20
|
| America 13
|
| Baron 50 23
|
| Birka 6 47
|
| Bonnieblue 10
|
| Bono 4 63
|
| Bristol 6 17
|
| Columbia 10
|
| Eclipse 8
|
| Glade 40
|
| Gnome 22
|
| Kenblue 8 37
|
| Merit 4
|
| Midnight 6
|
| Park 33
|
| Ram I 40
|
| Rugby 12
|
| Sydsport 43
|
| Touchdown 50
|
| Trenton 28
|
| Vantage 11 15
|
| Victa 5 23
|
| Wabash 11
|
| LSD (.05) 19 24
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: % of turf that is affected by disease.
|
| TABLE 17
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Red Thread Disease
|
| Incidence on Ba 72-492 and Other
|
| Bluegrasses at Gervais, Oregon.
|
| Red Thread
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492 7
|
| Victa 10
|
| Bristol 0
|
| Glade 15
|
| Adelphi 0
|
| Kenblue 23
|
| Newport 3
|
| America 2
|
| Merit 7
|
| Gnome 0
|
| LSD (.05) 13
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: % of turf affected by disease
|
Tests in Maryland and Ohio indicate that Ba 72-492 is not highly
susceptible to stripe smut caused by Ustilago striiformis since some
unreleased selections of bluegrass had a high incidence of stripe smut but
Ba 72-492 was not affected.
The new variety has a low growth habit and a slower vertical growth rate
than many varieties and especially the common type of varieties such as
Park, Kenblue and Newport, as indicated by comparisons in Table 18, which
should allow it to tolerate lower mowing heights and possibly decrease the
total number of mowings per year without sacrificing overall turf
performance.
| TABLE 18
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Growth Habit of Ba 72-492 and
|
| Other Bluegrasses at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
|
| Variety 1 Year Meana
|
| 2 Year Meana
|
| 3 Year Meanb
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 2.0 1.4 74
|
| Adelphi 2.0 2.4
|
| America 1.8
|
| Baron 1.8
|
| Birka 2.0
|
| Bono 2.0
|
| Bristol 2.0 2.0 74
|
| Eclipse 2.0
|
| Fylking 93
|
| Glade 2.2
|
| Gnome 2.0
|
| Kenblue 2.9 96
|
| Merion 78
|
| Merit 84
|
| Newport 100
|
| Parade 2.2
|
| Park 2.9 2.2
|
| Sydsport 1.9 72
|
| Touchdown
|
| 2.0
|
| Vantage 2.7 2.0 84
|
| Victa 1.9 2.0 77
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.3 0.5 12
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Rated 1-5, 5 = high growth, 1 = dwarf.
|
| b Rated as height (mm) of turf about one week after last mowing.
|
The leaf texture of Ba 72-492 is similar to many bluegrass varieties when
maintained under mowed turf conditions as the comparisons show in Table
19.
| TABLE 19
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Leaf Texture of Ba 72-492 and Other
|
| Bluegrasses Under Mowed Turf Conditions.
|
| St. Louis Agassiz Marysville
|
| Variety Missouri British Columbia
|
| Ohio
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 4.0 6.0 5.0
|
| Adelphi 5.3
|
| America 6.0
|
| Baron 4.6
|
| Birka 6.0
|
| Bono 5.6 6.7
|
| Bristol 5.3 7.0 5.0
|
| Fylking 5.8
|
| Geronimo 5.7
|
| Glade 6.0
|
| Gnome 4.3
|
| Kenblue 5.5
|
| Merion 6.3 5.0
|
| Merit 4.3 5.0 5.0
|
| Newport 5.0
|
| Park 6.0
|
| Sydsport
|
| 5.0 5.0
|
| Touchdown
|
| 5.0
|
| Vantage 6.0 5.3
|
| Victa 4.4 4.8
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 0.7 0.4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: 1-9, 9 = finest texture.
|
Ba 72-492 has a medium level of seed yielding ability which should make it
an economically feasible variety to produce for commercial markets as
shown in Table 20.
| TABLE 20
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Seed Yield Comparisons of Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass
|
| Varieties in Oregon
|
| Gervais La Grande
|
| Year Year Year Madras
|
| Variety 1 2 Mean 1 Year 2
|
| Mean Year 1
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 585 864 725 1025 846 936 875
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 559 757 658 876 857 867 1113
|
| Victa 780 1394 1087 1419 1200 1310 1324
|
| Newport 435 1256 846
|
| Bristol 347 808 578 1089 970 1030
|
| Mosa 322 1060 691
|
| Julia 296 1016 656 1194
|
| Trampas 388
|
| LSD (.05)
|
| 140 134 149 181 220
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings: Pounds per acre of conditioned seed.
|
The low susceptibility of Ba 72-492 to rust and lodging under typical seed
field conditions should aid in producing economical seed crops as noted by
the comparative results on Table 21.
| TABLE 21
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Plant Characteristics of Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| at Gervais, Oregon Under Seed Production Conditions.
|
| Rust Lodging
|
| Year 1 Year 1 Year 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 72-492 1 2.5 0.2
|
| Victa 2 2.0 0
|
| Bristol 4 4.0 1
|
| Newport 4 4.0 1
|
| Mosa 4 2.0 0
|
| Julia 4 5.0 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings
|
| Rust: 1-4, 4 = very susceptible
|
| Lodging: 0-5, 5 = severe lodging
|
Meier, Virgil D., Mayer, Eugene W.
| Patent |
Priority |
Assignee |
Title |
| PP10080, |
Jul 15 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA 77 700` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10081, |
Jul 15 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA 78-165` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10384, |
Dec 10 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10925, |
Oct 14 1997 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky Bluegrass, named `Ba74-17` |
| PP11520, |
Jul 22 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba79-260` |
| PP11536, |
Feb 27 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba87-102` |
| PP11647, |
Jul 22 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba76-372` |
| PP11987, |
May 24 2000 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba75-173` |
| PP12435, |
Nov 10 2000 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba81-227` |
| PP18439, |
Aug 19 2005 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Hybrid variety of (Texas Bluegrass×Kentucky Bluegrass)×Kentucky Bluegrass designated ‘HB 329’ |
| PP18467, |
Aug 06 2004 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Hybrid variety of Texas X kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 129’ |
| PP21045, |
Feb 22 2008 |
OMS INVESTMENTS, INC |
Hybrid variety of Texas×Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 128’ |
| PP9036, |
Sep 23 1993 |
The O. M. Scott and Sons Company |
BA 73-366 Kentucky bluegrass |
| PP9611, |
May 30 1995 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`Ba 69-82 ` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP9848, |
Sep 25 1995 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA-74-114` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP9977, |
Feb 23 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Ba 77-279 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| Patent |
Priority |
Assignee |
Title |
| Date |
Maintenance Fee Events |
n/a
| Date |
Maintenance Schedule |
n/a