Kentucky bluegrasses have been disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,156 which
issued on May 9, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,186 which issued on May 23,
1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No., 4,336 which issued on Nov. 28, 1978; U.S. Plant
patent application, Ser. No. 872,537, filed June 10, 1986; U.S. Plant
patent application, Ser. No. 910,146, filed Sept. 19, 1986 and U.S. Plant
patent application, Ser. No. 027,285, filed of even date herewith.
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Poa
pratensis which has been designated Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass.
Ba 70-139 plant material originated by crossing a Kentucky bluegrass plant
("Gnome") disclosed in U.S. Plant patent application Ser. No. 872,537, the
seed parent, with a pollen parent plant. As a result of this breeding, a
distinct variety was produced and asexually propagated by rhizomes,
tillers and disseminules.
Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass reproduced asexually by propagules, i.e., by
tillers and rhizomes and by disseminules (modified caryopses produced by
apomoxis). Progeny plants have been consistently produced which are
indistinguishable from the mother plant.
Ba 70-139 has a number of highly desirable characteristics including a good
level of resistance to Helminthosporium spp. that causes leaf spot,
melting out, and crown rot; Ustilago striiformis that causes stripe smut;
Erysiphe graminis that causes powdery mildew; and Puccinia spp. that
causes rust; an attractive leafy turf type growth habit; moderately wide
leaf blades; an attractive green color which can be maintained throughout
the entire growing season; good turf performance as evidenced by
consistently high scores in tests throughout the U.S.A. and Canada, and a
high seed yield potential in the bluegrass seed production region of the
U.S.A.
In comparison with its seed parent, Gnome, the new variety is more shade
tolerant and has better resistance to powdery mildew and rust. In
comparison to the Kentucky bluegrass ("Ba 72-492") disclosed in U.S. Plant
patent application, Ser. No. 027,285, filed of even date herewith and the
Kentucky bluegrass ("72-500") disclosed in U.S. Plant patent application,
Ser. No. 910,146, filed Sept. 19, 1986, both of which also have Gnome as
their seed parent, Ba 70-139 produces seeds that are longer, has panicles
that nod more, and has peduncles that are thicker than Ba 72-492; and Ba
70-139 has peduncles that are thinner and a seed yield that is higher than
Ba 72-500.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass plant in the
vegetative stage including the extensive root and rhizome system;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass panicle;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass seed; and
FIG. 4 is a photograph of Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass turf.
Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is perennial with creeping
rhizomes forming a moderately dense turf. When plants overwinter in the
field with freezing temperatures and then are brought into the greenhouse
during late winter to continue growth undisturbed by clipping under
moderate temperatures (60-80 degrees F.), culms are erect averaging 435 mm
in length with an average of 2.7 nodes per culm. The uppermost internode
averages 10.2 cm, and the peduncle averages 13.2 cm in length and 0.610 mm
in thickness. The flag leaf averages 4.7 cm in length, 3.2 mm in width,
and 0.112 mm in thickness. The panicle is generally nodding with an
average length of 6.7 cm, width of 3.7 cm, and 4.8 whorls. The lowest
whorl has an average of 3.8 branches and the third whorl from the bottom
of the panicle has an average of 2.7 branches. The average spikelet at the
tip of a branch in the lowest whorl is 5.2 mm in length and has 4.2
florets with an outer glume of 3.2 mm and an inner glume of 3.5 mm in
length. A similar spikelet from the third whorl from the bottom of the
panicle is 5.2 mm in length and has 4.0 florets with an outer glume of 3.1
mm and an inner glume of 3.5 mm in length. After the seed has been
conditioned, the lemma has a generally smooth keel and almost no long,
fine hairs at the base. The seed of Ba 70-139 is 2.86 mm in length and
0.78 mm in width with approximately 1,246,200 seeds per pound. Comparisons
of Ba 70-139 with other bluegrasses varieties on seed measurements and on
seed counts per pound are found in Tables 1 and 2.
| TABLE 1
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Seed Measurements of Ba 70-139
|
| and Other Bluegrass Varieties After
|
| Conditioning.
|
| Length Width
|
| Variety (mm) (mm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 2.86 0.78
|
| Ba 72-492 2.53 0.76
|
| Ba 72-500 2.77 0.80
|
| Baron 3.07 0.86
|
| Bristol 2.73 0.80
|
| Nassau 2.96 0.78
|
| Newport 2.76 0.71
|
| Park 3.04 0.72
|
| Ram I 3.51 0.84
|
| Victa 3.20 0.86
|
| LSD(.05) 0.19 0.06
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Seed Counts Per Pound
|
| of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass
|
| Varieties After Conditioning.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 1,246,200
|
| Adelphi 1,383,976
|
| America 1,659,824
|
| Gnome 1,017,641
|
| Baron 1,051,693
|
| Birka 1,223,530
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 1,135,303
|
| Bristol 1,270,821
|
| Eclipse 1,335,668
|
| Glade 1,108,441
|
| Kenblue 1,463,923
|
| Merit 1,109,728
|
| Nassau 1,127,130
|
| Newport 1,226,481
|
| Park 1,248,349
|
| Sydsport
|
| 1,355,644
|
| Vantage 1,555,303
|
| Victa 1,038,298
|
| ______________________________________
|
Since environmental conditions such as soil and climate may influence
morphological characters to some extent, comparisons of morphological
characteristics of Ba 70-139 are made with other Kentucky bluegrass
varieties in Table 3-10.
| TABLE 3
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Panicles
|
| of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio
|
| Number
|
| Panicle Panicle Panicle Number of
|
| of Branches
|
| Nod- Length Width Whorls Lower Third
|
| Variety
|
| ding* (cm) (cm) Per Panicle
|
| Whorl Whorl
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 2.0 6.7 3.7 4.8 3.8 2.7
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 1.2 7.5 4.2 5.5 4.0 3.0
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 2.0 6.8 3.8 5.0 4.0 2.4
|
| Baron 1.0 7.8 4.1 5.2 3.8 2.5
|
| Bristol
|
| 2.0 9.7 5.0 5.0 3.3 2.7
|
| Nassau 2.0 10.0 6.0 5.0 3.0 2.0
|
| Newport
|
| 2.0 10.3 4.4 4.5 2.3 2.3
|
| Park 1.6 9.0 3.7 4.0 4.3 3.7
|
| Ram I 2.0 9.0 4.7 4.0 2.5 2.0
|
| Victa 1.2 7.5 4.1 5.4 4.4 3.4
|
| LSD 0.5 1.6 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.8
|
| (.05)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| *Panicle nodding rated 1 = erect, 2 = nodding.
|
| TABLE 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Spikelets
|
| of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Spikelet Number of Florets
|
| Length (mm) per Spikelet
|
| Lowest Third Lowest
|
| Third
|
| Variety Whorl Whorl Whorl Whorl
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 5.2 5.2 4.2 4.0
|
| Ba 72-492 5.2 5.0 4.4 4.2
|
| Ba 72-500 5.1 5.0 4.2 3.9
|
| Baron 5.0 5.0 3.7 3.8
|
| Bristol 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.3
|
| Nassau 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5
|
| Newport 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.2
|
| Park 6.5 6.7 5.2 4.7
|
| Ram I 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.5
|
| Victa 5.2 5.0 3.8 3.8
|
| LSD(.05) 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 5
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Glumes
|
| of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Glume Length (mm)
|
| Outer Inner
|
| Lowest Lowet
|
| Variety Whorl Third Whorl Whorl Third Whorl
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.5
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.3
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4
|
| Baron 2.9 2.8 3.4 3.3
|
| Bristol 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.9
|
| Nassau 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.7
|
| Newport 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.9
|
| Park 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7
|
| Ram I 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.7
|
| Victa 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.3
|
| LSD(.05) 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 6
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Flag Leaves
|
| of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Flag Leaf Flag Leaf Flag Leaf
|
| Length Width Thickness
|
| Variety (cm) (mm) (mm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 4.7 3.2 0.112
|
| Ba 72-492 5.2 3.6 0.117
|
| Ba 72-500 4.1 3.2 0.112
|
| Baron 4.5 3.2 0.119
|
| Bristol 5.5 3.4 0.127
|
| Nassau 6.1 3.1 0.127
|
| Newport 6.2 3.5 0.135
|
| Park 4.2 2.6 0.109
|
| Ram I 4.7 3.1 0.127
|
| Victa 5.9 4.0 0.124
|
| LSD(.05) 1.8 0.6 0.013
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 7
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Peduncles, Culms,
|
| and Internodes of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass
|
| Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Pe- Top
|
| duncle Peduncle Culm Number of
|
| Internode
|
| Length Width Length
|
| Nodes Per
|
| Length
|
| Variety (cm) (mm) (mm) Culm (cm)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 13.2 0.610 435 2.7 10.2
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 12.6 0.558 486 2.2 10.5
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 12.9 0.660 439 2.7 9.8
|
| Baron 12.7 0.559 482 2.5 10.1
|
| Bristol 15.0 0.686 522 2.7 11.3
|
| Nassau 8.0 0.533 450 2.5 11.2
|
| Newport 18.0 0.558 547 2.3 11.2
|
| Park 14.3 0.787 578 3.0 13.0
|
| Ram I 18.5 0.610 527 3.0 10.2
|
| Victa 12.2 0.711 474 2.4 10.6
|
| LSD(.05)
|
| 3.7 0.018 79 0.6 2.1
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Leaves of
|
| Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Leaf
|
| Ligule Leaf Leaf Angle
|
| Length Length Width (Degrees
|
| Variety (mm) (mm) (mm) From Horizontal)
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 0.26 218 4.1 55
|
| Ba 72-492
|
| 0.28 239 4.4 52
|
| Ba 72-500
|
| 0.25 204 4.1 50
|
| Baron 0.30 313 4.4 63
|
| Bristol 0.30 253 4.3 37
|
| Nassau 0.22 226 3.5 39
|
| Newport 0.22 251 4.1 50
|
| Park 0.33 329 4.2 44
|
| Ram I 0.18 188 3.7 40
|
| Victa 0.28 235 4.3 52
|
| LSD(.05)
|
| 0.11 49 0.6 10
|
| ______________________________________
|
| TABLE 9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparison of Leaf Hairs
|
| of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
|
| in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Hairsa Around
|
| Ligule on
|
| Upper Surface Hairsa on
|
| Hairsb on
|
| Variety of the Leaf Collar Ligule
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 1.0 3.5 1.5
|
| Ba 72-492 1.0 3.2 1.3
|
| Ba 72-500 1.0 3.5 2.7
|
| Baron 1.0 5.0 4.0
|
| Bristol 1.3 4.7 4.3
|
| Nassau 2.7 5.0 1.0
|
| Newport 1.0 4.0 0.8
|
| Park 1.0 1.7 0.0
|
| Ram I 1.0 3.7 0.3
|
| Victa 1.0 3.3 2.2
|
| LSD(.05) 0.3 1.4 1.8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a hairs around ligule and on collar rated 1-5: 1 = none, 5 = many
|
| b Hairs on ligule rated 0-5: 0 = none, 5 = many
|
| TABLE 10
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Morphological Comparisons of Ba 70-139 and
|
| Other Bluegrass Varieties Grown as Unmowed
|
| Spaced Plants in the Field at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Mature
|
| Plant Height Panicle Density
|
| Seedhead Weight
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 35 5 402
|
| Adelphi
|
| 42 3 345
|
| Nugget 17 3 233
|
| Bristol
|
| 40 4 511
|
| Merion 25 2 320
|
| Glade 20 3 214
|
| Vantage
|
| 52 2 1019
|
| Victa 23 2 648
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings: Mature Plant Height (cm) includes panicle Panicle Density 1-10,
|
| 10 = high panicle density Seedhead Weight Weight (mg) of 3 panicles
|
Ba 70-139 has performed well throughout the U.S.A. and Canada, as exhibited
by high turf quality ratings in many different locations in comparison to
other varieties. In addition, Ba 70-139 tolerates shady growing conditions
very well, which is an important characteristic that allows an even
broader range of use. The new variety has a pleasant medium green color
which can be maintained throughout the growing season and widely scattered
locations in the U.S.A. and Canada. The color of Ba 70-139 is enhanced
compared to other varieties when grown in the shade due to its high
tolerance to the various stresses and diseases that occur frequently under
shady conditions. Comparisons of Ba 70-139 with other varieties for
quality, color, and shade performance are shown in Tables 11-14.
| TABLE 11
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of the Turf Quality of BA 70-139
|
| and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the U.S.A.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| St. Louis Adelphia Marysville
|
| Missouri New Jersey
|
| Ohio
|
| 1 Year 2 Year 5 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| BA 70-139 3.2 6.1 2.3
|
| America 2.8
|
| Adelphi 2.9 6.4 2.3
|
| Banff
|
| Baron 2.7 6.4 2.3
|
| Birka 2.3 5.9
|
| Bonnieblue 6.7
|
| Bristol 2.7 6.5
|
| Columbia 5.9
|
| Eclipse 7.2
|
| Flyking 5.7
|
| Glade 2.8 6.7 2.3
|
| Gnome 2.9 6.4 2.2
|
| Kenblue 3.3
|
| Merion 6.0 2.1
|
| Merit 2.8 6.2
|
| Midnight 7.3
|
| Monopoly 5.7
|
| Nassau 5.9
|
| Newport 2.0
|
| Nugget 2.4
|
| Parade 5.6
|
| Park 1.8
|
| Ram I 6.2
|
| Sydsport 2.7 6.0
|
| Touchdown 2.7 6.1
|
| Vantage 2.6 3.6 2.1
|
| Victa 2.8 6.5 2.3
|
| Wabash 4.8
|
| Windsor 2.0
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Maryland
|
| Gervais Prince
|
| Oregon Beltsville
|
| Frederick
|
| 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 2.9 5.8 2.4
|
| America
|
| Adelphi 2.8 5.9 2.0
|
| Banff 4.8
|
| Baron 5.3
|
| Birka
|
| Boonieblue 5.0 1.1
|
| Bristol 3.0 5.0 1.5
|
| Columbia 4.9
|
| Eclipse 5.9
|
| Flyking 4.9
|
| Glade 5.3 1.3
|
| Gnome
|
| Kenblue
|
| Merion 5.3 1.2
|
| Merit 6.1 1.5
|
| Midnight 5.5
|
| Monopoly 4.9
|
| Nassau 4.5
|
| Newport
|
| Nugget
|
| Parade 5.0
|
| Park 1.8 1.3
|
| Ram I 2.4 4.6
|
| Sydsport 5.8
|
| Touchdown 5.8
|
| Vantage 5.5 2.0
|
| Victa 2.7 5.5 1.6
|
| Wabash
|
| Windsor
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating Scale: Larger number indicates higher quality.
|
| TABLE 12
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Turf Color of Ba 70-139
|
| and Other Bluegrass Varieties at
|
| Various Locations in the U.S.A.
|
| Somis Prince Marys-
|
| St. Louis
|
| Cal- Gervais Frederick
|
| ville
|
| Missouri ifornia Oregon Maryland
|
| Ohio
|
| 1 Year 1 Year 2 Year 1 Year 3 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 9.1 6.3 8.7 6.9 8.5
|
| Adelphi 9.4 6.5 9.6 6.7 8.7
|
| America 9.4
|
| Baron 9.2
|
| Birka 9.1 6.3
|
| Bono 9.0 6.2
|
| Bristol 9.5 7.6 9.5 7.3
|
| Fylking 8.4
|
| Glade 9.3 7.0 7.4 8.8
|
| Gnome 9.3 8.7
|
| Kenblue 5.8
|
| Merion 4.7 8.4
|
| Merit 5.8
|
| Midnight 5.5
|
| Newport 6.0 8.3
|
| Nugget 8.8
|
| Park 9.0 6.9 5.5
|
| Ram I 7.3 8.6
|
| Rugby 6.7
|
| Sydsport
|
| 9.2
|
| Touchdown
|
| 9.0
|
| Vantage 9.2 5.7 6.3 8.4
|
| Victa 9.2 6.0 8.5 6.8 8.7
|
| Windsor 8.4
|
| LSD(.05)
|
| 0.3 0.2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating Scale: Larger number indicates darker green color.
|
| TABLE 13
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade
|
| of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties.
|
| Marysville
|
| Prince Frederick Ohio
|
| Maryland Test 1 Test 2
|
| Test 3
|
| Test 4
|
| 3 Year 4 Year 4 Year
|
| 4 Year
|
| 2 Year
|
| Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 2.1 2.6 2.4 3.1 2.6
|
| Adelphi 2.6 2.0
|
| Banff 2.4
|
| Birka 2.2
|
| Bonniblue 1.9 1.9
|
| Bristol 1.8 2.4 2.0 2.6 1.7
|
| Flyking 1.9 1.5
|
| Glade 2.1 2.5 1.5
|
| Merion 1.8 2.2 1.7
|
| Monopoly 2.8 2.4
|
| Nassau 1.9
|
| Newport 1.2 1.8 1.9
|
| Nugget 2.3
|
| Parade 2.0 2.3
|
| Park 1.9 1.8
|
| Ram I 2.0
|
| Rugby 2.2
|
| Sydsport 2.5
|
| Touchdown 1.9 2.1
|
| Vantage 1.8 2.2
|
| Victa 1.2 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.5
|
| Wabash 2.2
|
| Windsor 1.7
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
|
| TABLE 14
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Turf Color Under
|
| Natural Shade Conditions of Ba 70-139
|
| and Other Bluegrass Varieties.
|
| Prince Frederick
|
| Marysville Maryland
|
| Ohio 3 Year
|
| Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4
|
| Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 8.8 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.2
|
| Adelphi 7.8 7.9
|
| America 7.5
|
| Banff 8.3
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 8.5 7.5
|
| Bristol 8.4 7.8 7.5 7.9 8.2
|
| Flyking 8.1
|
| Glade 8.0 7.5 8.1
|
| Merion 8.3 8.1
|
| Monopoly 8.3 7.8
|
| Mystic 7.8
|
| Nassau 8.0
|
| Newport 8.3 7.5 8.2 5.5
|
| Nugget 8.3
|
| Parade 8.2
|
| Park 8.1 7.0 7.8
|
| Ram I 7.8 8.0
|
| Rugby 8.3
|
| Sydsport 7.5
|
| Touchdown
|
| 8.3
|
| Vantage 8.0
|
| Victa 8.3 8.0 7.9 8.1 6.0
|
| Wabash 7.5 8.0
|
| LSD(.05) 0.4 0.7 0.3
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-9, 9 = darkest green
|
Turf diseases are one of the major causes of inconsistent and poor turf
performance among locations and years. Comparisons of resistance to leaf
spot (also known as melting out and crown rot) caused by Helminthosporium
vagans, powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe graminis, rust caused by
Puccinia spp., dollarspot caused by Sclerotina homeocarpa, and stripe smut
caused by Ustilago striiformis, are presented in Tables 15-21.
| TABLE 15
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Leafspot Disease Incidence on Ba 70-139 and -Other
|
| Bluegrasses at Several Locations in the U.S.A.
|
| ______________________________________
|
| St. Louisa
|
| Beltsvilleb
|
| Adelphiab
|
| Variety Missouri Maryland New Jersey
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 2 7.3 7.0
|
| A-34 5.3 4.3
|
| Adelphi 2 8.0 5.7
|
| America 8
|
| Banff 5.3 7.0
|
| Baron 2 7.0 8.7
|
| Birka 5 6.3
|
| Bonnieblue 7.0
|
| Bono 7
|
| Bristol 2 7.0 8.3
|
| Columbia 5.7 6.3
|
| Eclipse 7.7 9.0
|
| Flyking 6.7 6.3
|
| Glade 2 7.3 6.3
|
| Gnome 2 7.0 8.0
|
| Kenblue 3.3 1.7
|
| Merion 6.3 7.7
|
| Merit 3 7.3 7.7
|
| Midnight 7.0 7.0
|
| Monopoly 5.3 6.0
|
| Mystic
|
| Nassau 7.7 7.4
|
| Parade 6.0 5.0
|
| Park 52
|
| Ram I 6.5 7.0
|
| Rugby 5.0
|
| Sydsport 3 7.3 6.3
|
| Touchdown 7 7.7
|
| Vantage 7 5.0 2.0
|
| Victa 2 8.0 7.0
|
| Wabash 2.0
|
| Windsor
|
| LSD(.05) 7 1.9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Gervaisa
|
| Accokeeka
|
| Marysvillea
|
| Variety Oregon Maryland Ohio
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 7 4 0
|
| A-34
|
| Adelphi 0
|
| America
|
| Banff
|
| Baron
|
| Birka
|
| Boonieblue
|
| Bono
|
| Bristol 1 3 0
|
| Columbia
|
| Eclipse
|
| Flyking 16
|
| Glade 27
|
| Gnome 0
|
| Kenblue 3 40
|
| Merion 5 0
|
| Merit
|
| Midnight
|
| Monopoly 13
|
| Mystic 35
|
| Nassau
|
| Parade
|
| Park 13 40
|
| Ram I 3
|
| Rugby
|
| Sydsport 0
|
| Touchdown
|
| Vantage 5
|
| Victa 3 0
|
| Wabash
|
| Windsor 53
|
| LSD(.05) 5 22 9
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings
|
| a % of turf affected by disease
|
| b 1-9, 9= least disease
|
| TABLE 16
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Powdery Mildew Disease
|
| Incidence Under Natural Shade Conditions
|
| on Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Marysville
|
| Prince Frederick Ohio
|
| Variety Maryland Test 1 Test 2
|
| Test 3
|
| Test 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 5 5 0 15 0
|
| Adelphi 15 10
|
| America 13 0
|
| Banff 45
|
| Baron
|
| Birka 8 3
|
| Bonnieblue 58 0
|
| Bristol 5 5 2 30 10
|
| Columbia
|
| Eclipse 5
|
| Flyking 50
|
| Glade 5 36 65 0
|
| Gnome 72
|
| Kenblue 4
|
| Merion 83
|
| Merit
|
| Midnight
|
| Monopoly 5
|
| Mystic 5
|
| Nassau
|
| Newport 53 75 0
|
| Nugget 18
|
| Parade 60
|
| Park 0
|
| Ram I 25
|
| Rugby 40
|
| Sydsport 15 20
|
| Touchdown 5 0
|
| Vantage 30
|
| Victa 60 84 69 60 8
|
| Windsor 26
|
| LSD(.05)
|
| 10 22 31 8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated as % of turf affected by disease.
|
| TABLE 17
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Powdery Mildew Disease Incidence
|
| Under Conditions Other Than Natural Shade on
|
| Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Greenhouse Spaced Plants - Sunc
|
| New Brunswicka
|
| Marysvilleb
|
| Marysville
|
| Variety New Jersey Ohio Ohio
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 4.7 2 0
|
| Adelphi 0.8 6
|
| America 6.7
|
| Banff 0.4
|
| Baron 1.4 9 2
|
| Birka 5.7
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 0.8
|
| Bristol 6.4 2 2
|
| Columbia
|
| 0.5
|
| Eclipse 6.9
|
| Flyking 1.3
|
| Glade 7.0 7
|
| Gnome 1.7
|
| Kenblue 2
|
| Merion 0.9 6 1
|
| Merit 2.3 8
|
| Midnight
|
| 0.7
|
| Monopoly
|
| 5.9
|
| Mystic 8.3
|
| Nassau 7
|
| Newport 2
|
| Nugget 7.0 0
|
| Parade 2.2
|
| Park 6 2
|
| Ram I 7.2 2
|
| Rugby 0.6
|
| Sydsport
|
| 6.1 2
|
| Touchdown
|
| Vantage 5.0 4
|
| Victa 1.9 9 3
|
| Windsor 3
|
| LSD(.05)
|
| 0.8 3 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Rated 0-9, 9 = least disease
|
| b Rated 1-9, 9 = most disease
|
| c Rated 1-5, 5 = most disease
|
| TABLE 18
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Rust (Puccinia spp.) Disease
|
| Incidence on Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Turfb Unmowed Spaced Plantsa
|
| Gervais Marysville
|
| Oregon Ohio
|
| Variety Test 1 Test 2 Test 1 Test 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139
|
| 12 1 1 0
|
| Adelphi 4 0
|
| Baron 3
|
| Bristol 7 2 2 0
|
| Glade 0
|
| Kenblue 2
|
| Merion 2 2
|
| Nugget 3 0
|
| Park 49 1
|
| Ram I 15
|
| Victa 63 13 2 1
|
| Vantage 2
|
| Windsor 3
|
| LSD(.05)
|
| 26 1
|
| ______________________________________
|
| a Rated 1-5, 5 = most disease?
|
| b Rated as % of disease incidence
|
| TABLE 19
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis)
|
| Disease Incidence on Ba 70-139 and Other
|
| Bluegrasses at Adelphia, New Jersey.
|
| Test 1
|
| Test 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 7.8 7.2
|
| Midnight 7.0 7.8
|
| Columbia 6.7 7.8
|
| Banff 6.5 7.7
|
| Bristol 7.7 7.7
|
| Parade 6.2 7.5
|
| Monopoly 7.1 7.4
|
| Ram I 7.0 7.3
|
| Victa 5.6 7.2
|
| Merit 5.7 7.0
|
| Baron 6.4 7.0
|
| Nassau 6.8 7.0
|
| Eclipse 4.7 7.0
|
| Bonnieblue 5.4 7.0
|
| Adelphi 7.1 6.9
|
| America 7.4 6.9
|
| Vantage 6.2 5.9
|
| Touchdown 3.5 5.7
|
| Birka 3.5 5.6
|
| Merion 2.4 3.6
|
| LSD(.05) 0.9 1.0
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-9, 9 = No Disease
|
| TABLE 20
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Dollarspot Disease Incidence
|
| on Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrasses.
|
| Marysville
|
| Prince Frederick
|
| Ohio
|
| Variety Maryland Test 1 Test 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 30 37 32
|
| Adelphi 8 20 36
|
| America 13
|
| Banff 70
|
| Baron 50 23 53
|
| Birka 6 47
|
| Bonnieblue
|
| 10 57
|
| Bono 4 63
|
| Bristol 6 17 43
|
| Columbia 10
|
| Eclipse 8 60
|
| Glade 40 43
|
| Gnome 22
|
| Kenblue 8 37 30
|
| Merion 50
|
| Merit 4 50
|
| Midnight 6
|
| Newport 67
|
| Park 33 43
|
| Ram I 40 25
|
| Rugby 12 73
|
| Sydsport 43
|
| Touchdown 50
|
| Vantage 11 15 32
|
| Victa 5 23 30
|
| Wabash 11
|
| Windsor 33
|
| LSD(.05) 19 24 38
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: % of turf that is affected by disease.
|
| TABLE 21
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Stripe Smut Disease
|
| Incidence on Ba 70-139 and Other
|
| Bluegrasses in Maryland.
|
| Variety Prince Frederick
|
| Accokeek
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 0 0
|
| Bristol 13 0
|
| Flyking 2
|
| Kenblue 0
|
| Merion 2
|
| Mosa 28
|
| Vantage 4
|
| Windsor 58
|
| LSD(.05) 18 8
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: % of turf that is affected by disease.
|
Ba 70-139 has the capability to tolerate heat and drought stress, and it
has a low growth habit and a lower vertical growth rate than many
varieties, especially the common type of varieties such as Park, Kenblue,
and Newport, that should allow it to tolerate lower mowing heights and
possibly decrease the total number of mowings per year without sacrificing
overall turf performance. The leaf texture of the new variety is similar
to many bluegrass varieties when maintained under mowed turf conditions.
Comparisons showing heat and drought stress, low growth habit, and leaf
texture are presented in Tables 22-24.
| TABLE 22
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Drought and Heat Tolerance
|
| of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass in Maryland.
|
| Variety Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
|
| Test 4
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 6 0 8 3
|
| Adelphi 7 4
|
| Baron 0
|
| Birka 11
|
| Bonnieblue 12 8
|
| Bono 10
|
| Bristol 31 50 10 5
|
| Flyking 50
|
| Glade 13
|
| Kenblue 50 7
|
| Merion 25 20
|
| Merit 18 2
|
| Midnight 17
|
| Mosa 27
|
| Park 20 3
|
| Ram I 0
|
| Rugby 6
|
| Vantage 0 7 7
|
| Victa 17 10
|
| Wabash 13
|
| Windsor 50
|
| LSD(.05) 33 14
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated as % brown turf due to drought and heat stress.
|
| TABLE 23
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Growth habit of Ba 70-139
|
| and Other Bluegrasses at Marysville, Ohio.
|
| Variety Test 1 Test 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 2.0 1.8
|
| Adelphi 2.0 2.1
|
| America 1.8
|
| Baron 1.8 2.0
|
| Birka 2.0
|
| Bono 2.0
|
| Bristol 2.0
|
| Eclipse 2.0
|
| Flyking 2.3
|
| Glade 2.2 1.7
|
| Gnome 2.0 1.7
|
| Kenblue 2.9
|
| Merion 2.2
|
| Newport 2.4
|
| Nugget 1.5
|
| Park 2.9
|
| Sydsport 1.9
|
| Touchdown 2.0
|
| Vantage 2.7 3.0
|
| Victa 1.9 1.8
|
| Windsor 2.0
|
| LSD(.05) 0.3
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rated 1-5, 5 = Highest Growth Habit
|
| TABLE 24
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Comparison of Leaf Texture of Ba 70-139 and
|
| Other Bluegrasses Under Mowed Turf Conditions.
|
| St. Louis
|
| Gervais
|
| Variety Missouri Oregon
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 4.0 2.0
|
| Adelphi 5.3 2.8
|
| America 6.0
|
| Baron 4.6
|
| Birka 6.0
|
| Bono 5.6
|
| Bristol 5.3 3.0
|
| Glade 6.0
|
| Gnome 4.3
|
| Merit 4.3
|
| Park 6.0 3.0
|
| Ram I 3.0
|
| Sydsport 5.0
|
| Touchdown 5.0
|
| Vantage 6.0
|
| Victa 4.4 1.7
|
| LSD(.05) 0.7 0.5
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: Largest number indicates finest texture
|
Ba 70-139 has a high level of seed yielding ability which should make it an
economically feasible variety to produce for commercial markets. The low
susceptibility of Ba 70-139 to rust and lodging under typical seed field
conditions should aid in producing economical seed crops. Comparative
results on seed yield, rust, and lodging are shown in Table 25 and Table
26.
| TABLE 25
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Seed Yield Comparisons of Ba 70-139 and
|
| Other Bluegrass Varieties in Oregon.
|
| Variety Year 1 Year 2 Mean
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 643 930 787
|
| Ba 72-492 585 864 725
|
| Ba 72-500 559 757 658
|
| Victa 780 1394 1087
|
| Newport 435 1256 846
|
| Bristol 347 808 578
|
| Mosa 322 1060 691
|
| LSD(.05) 140 134
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Rating: Pounds per acre of conditioned seed.
|
| TABLE 26
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Plant Characteristics of Ba 70-139 and
|
| Other Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, Oregon
|
| Under Seed Production Conditions.
|
| Lodging
|
| Rust Year 1 Year 2
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ba 70-139 2 2.5 0
|
| Ba 72-500 1 2.5 0.2
|
| Ba 72-492 1 2.5 0.2
|
| Victa 2 2.0 0
|
| Bristol 4 4.0 1
|
| Newport 4 4.0 1
|
| Mosa 4 2.0 0
|
| ______________________________________
|
| Ratings
|
| Rust: 1-4, 4 = very susceptible
|
| Lodging: 0-5, 5 = severe lodging
|
Meier, Virgil D., Mayer, Eugene W.
| Patent |
Priority |
Assignee |
Title |
| PP10080, |
Jul 15 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA 77 700` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10081, |
Jul 15 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA 78-165` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10384, |
Dec 10 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP10925, |
Oct 14 1997 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky Bluegrass, named `Ba74-17` |
| PP11520, |
Jul 22 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba79-260` |
| PP11536, |
Feb 27 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba87-102` |
| PP11647, |
Jul 22 1998 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba76-372` |
| PP11987, |
May 24 2000 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba75-173` |
| PP12435, |
Nov 10 2000 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba81-227` |
| PP18439, |
Aug 19 2005 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Hybrid variety of (Texas Bluegrass×Kentucky Bluegrass)×Kentucky Bluegrass designated ‘HB 329’ |
| PP18467, |
Aug 06 2004 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Hybrid variety of Texas X kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 129’ |
| PP21045, |
Feb 22 2008 |
OMS INVESTMENTS, INC |
Hybrid variety of Texas×Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 128’ |
| PP9036, |
Sep 23 1993 |
The O. M. Scott and Sons Company |
BA 73-366 Kentucky bluegrass |
| PP9611, |
May 30 1995 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`Ba 69-82 ` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP9848, |
Sep 25 1995 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
`BA-74-114` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| PP9977, |
Feb 23 1996 |
OMS Investments, Inc. |
Ba 77-279 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| Patent |
Priority |
Assignee |
Title |
| Date |
Maintenance Fee Events |
n/a
| Date |
Maintenance Schedule |
n/a